投标操作细节

IntroductionDavidHerbertRichardsLawrencewasoneofthegreatestnovelistsofthe20thcentury.Inhisshortlife,hewrotemanynovelswhichenjoyedgreatpopularity.TheRocking-HorseWinnerisoneofthemostfamousshortstorieswrittenbyDHLawrence.InTheRocking-HorseWinner,ayoungboy,Paul,perceivesthatthereisneverenoughmoneyinhisfamily,hesetsouttofindawaytogetmoneythroughluck.Hediscoversthat讦herideshisrocking-horsefastenough,hewillsomehow"know"thenameofthewinninghorseinthenextrace.Hebeginstomakemoneyandsecretlyfunnelthismoneytohismother,butthedesireformoremoneyonlygrowsmoreintenseinsteadofgoingaway.Hefinallyrideshisrocking-horsesofuriouslyinordertodiscoverthewinneroftheDerbythathefallsintoillnessanddies.ThisstoryshowsthematerializedrelationshipbetweenpeopleandthedistortedcharacterincapitalismsocietyfollowingtheEnglishindustrialrevolutionwhichdestroyedanddistortedhumanity.Thisarticleaimsatanalyzingthecharactersofthiswork.ThecharactersPaulPaulistheyoungboyinthestorywhotriesdesperatelytofindawaytohave“luck”meaningmoney,forhismother.Hebeginstoridehisrockinghorsefuriously,eventhoughhehasoutgrownit,becausewhenhedoesso,hesomehowisgiventhenameofthehorsethatwillwinthenextrace.HemakesanastoundingamountofmoneythiswaywiththehelpofthegardenerBassett(whoplaceshisbetsforhim),andlaterwiththehelpalsoofhisUncleOscar.Forthefinalbigrace,theDerby,herideshimselfintoafeverishdelirium,butheissureofthewinner.Hisuncleplacesalargebetforhim.Justashisunclearrivestotellhimofthefortunehehasmade,hediesfromthefever.Pauldiesforthesakeofmakingmoneyforthefamily,particularlyhismother,eventhoughher“heartwasastone.”Paulseemscompletelyunawarethathehasovertakenresponsibilitiesthatarerightlyhisparents'.Heseemsonlyconcernedwithrelievingtheanxietyheperceivesinthehousecausedbyalackofmoney.Hetriestounderstandwhythereisnotenoughmoneybyaskinghismother,butsheonlysaysthathisfather“hasnoluck.”Hedirectlyassociatesluckwithmoney,sothegamblingseemslikeanaturalsolutiontotheproblem.HeissoinnocentinhisenthusiasmforthegamehebeginsplayingwithBassettthatevenwhenhisunclediscoversthathehasbeengambling,hedoesnotstopPaulfromgamblingfurther.EventhoughPaulisstillachild,alloftheadults,Bassett,UncleOscar,andPaul'smother,seemtotreathimlikeanadult.NooneanticipatesthatPaulwillpayahugepriceforplayingthisgame.NooneevenquestionsPaul'sabilitytopickthewinnersofthehorseraces,orwondershowintheworldPaulisabletopickwinnerssoaccurately.ThroughoutthestoryPaulremainsinnocent,aswellasdesperate,tohelphismother,whoseemsoblivioustoPaul'sconcerns.AlthoughitiscleartothereaderthatPaulisveryintelligentandsensitive,nooneinthestoryseemstonoticeorappreciatePaul'sgiftsuntilitistoolate.HesterHesterisPaul'smother,whoisincapableoflovingothers.Sheisnotonlyobsessedwithmoney,butsheisalsoirresponsiblewiththemoneyshedoesget.WhenPaularrangesthroughhisattorneytogiveherathousandpoundsamonthfromhiswinnings,sheimmediatelybegstheattorneyfortheentireamount.However,insteadofpayingherdebts,shespendsthemoneyonnewthingsforthehouse.Thisresultsinanevengreaterneedformoremoney.Shealsodoesnotexpressanythanksforthissuddenwindfall,deprivingPaulofthejoyofprovidingthemuch-neededincomeforhisfamily.AlthoughattheendofthestoryHesterbecomesincreasinglyconcernedaboutPaul'sdeterioratinghealth,shestilldoesnotlovehim,evenwhenhedies.Atthebeginningofthestory,itisstatedthat“atthecenterofherheartwasahardlittleplacethatcouldnotfeellove,no,notforanybody."Thisimageisrepeatedattheendofthestory,whenHestersitsbyherson'sbedside“feelingherhearthadgone,turnedactuallyintoastone.BeforehediesPaulasksMother,didIevertellyou?I'mlucky,"sheresponds,“No,youneverdid.”However,thereaderremembersthatPauldid,indeed,tellherthathewasluckyearlierinthestory.Sinceshepayslittleattentiontohim,shedoesnotrememberthis.WhenHesterfinallyreceivesthefinancialfortuneshehasalwayswantedbutloseshersonintheprocess,thereaderrealizesthatHesterwillprobablynotfeelthelossofhersonandwillprobablywasteallthatmoneyinrecordtime.AllofthesedetailsshowHestertobecold,unfeeling,wasteful,andshallow.BassettBassettisthefamilygardenerwhohelpsPaulplacebetsonhorses.Heusedtoworkaroundhorsesandracingandhetalksaboutracingallthetime,soitseemsreasonablethatPaulwouldseekhisadvice.Hetakestheboyseriouslyandfollowsalltheboy'sinstructionsinplacingthebets.HealsokeepsPaul'smoneysafelyhiddenaway,atleastuntilUncleOscargetsinvolved.HeistheonlyadultwhotreatsPaulwithaseriousrespect.ItisBassett'sseriousnessthatconvincesUncleOscarthatPaul'sgiftforpickingwinnersisreal.Heistrustworthyandkind,butheisalsoaservant,soonceUncleOscartakesover,herespectfullywithdrawsfromtheaction.Soheispassive,loyal,alittlebitafraidofhissuperiors,andsomewhatgreedytotheextentheparticipatesinPaul'swinningsatthetrack.OscarCresswellOscarCresswellisPaul'suncleandHester'sbrother.HeisinabetterfinancialpositionthanHester,sinceheownshisowncarandaplaceinHampshire.Thisisbecauseheinheritedtheentirefamilyfortune,leavingHestertodependonherhusbandforsupport.ItisUncleOscarwhostumblesuponPaul'ssecretofearningmoneythroughgambling,buthedoesnotatfirstbelieveinPaul'sgift.HethinksthatPaulisnotseriousandtreatstheboyasifheweremerelyplayingagame.AfterOscarrealizesthatPaul'stipsaredependable,heencouragesthegambling.OscararrangesforalawyertofunnelmoneytoHester.Healsobetshisownmoney,usingPaul'stipsforhisownprofit.AlthoughUncleOscarseemsharmlessatfirst,thereaderbecomesawarethatheisusingPaulforhisownbenefit.HemakesnoefforttoteachPaulaboutbeingcarefulwithmoneyorthedangersofgambling.OscardoesnothingtohelpHesterandherfamily,neitherbygivingmoneynorbyhelpingHesterbudgetwhatmoneyshedoeshave.BecauseOscaronlyusesPaulforhisownfinancialgain,heisrevealedtobeshallowandselfish.ConclusionThisnovelisshortinlength,andthereareonlyfourmaincharacters.However,theauthorusesveryskillfuldescribetechniqueswhichperfectlycreatesthevividcharactersofthisnovel.D.HLawrencecriticizedthestupidandignorantsituationofmodernsocietyandthedegeneratedhumanityinhislaterworksbyhistalentedwritingand“TheRocking-HorseWinnersatypicalone.Reference王军•英国短篇小说赏析•新华出版社，2007年1月.秦立慧•浅析《木马赢家》中失职的父母，吉林省教育学院学报,2012年7月.魏平玲.《木马赢家》中保罗的自卑情绪探析，安徽工业大学学报：社会科学版,2011年第6期