专项练习六主谓一致

语法复习二、主谓一致 语法复习二、主谓一致 在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。 （一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如：What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you. 2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 注意：① 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：The writer and artist has come.; / ② 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room.. / No boy and no girl likes it. 3、主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。如：Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall. 4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。如：Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter. 注意：① 在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ② 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America. 5、在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如：Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor. 注意：people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如：There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls. 注意： a number of“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of“…的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。 8、在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：There comes the bus./ On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts. （二）逻辑意义一致原则：逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数）。 1、what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。如：Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All have gone to Beijing. 2、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式， 这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：Thirty minutes is enough for the work. 3、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如： “The Arabian Nights”is an interesting story-book. 4、表数量的短语“one and a half”后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式（也可用复数。如：One and a half apples is (are) left on the table. 5、算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。如：Twelve plus eight is twenty. / Fifty-six divided by eight is seven. 6、一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：The paper works was built in 1990. / I think physics isn’t easy to study. 7、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：My glasses are broken. / The pair of shoes under the bed is his. 8、“定冠词the + 形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。 （三）就近一致原则：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。 1、当两个主语由either … or, neither … nor, whether … or …, not only … but also连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如：Either the teacher or the students are our friends. / Neither they nor he is wholly right. / Is neither he nor they wholly right? 2、there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。如：There are two chairs and a desk in the room.. 注意：Here引导的句子用法同上。 语法复习二：主谓一致 1~5 AAACA 6~10 CBDAD 11~15 ACABA 16~20 AABDB 21~25 ADCBC 26~30 BCAAA 31~35 ACAAB 36~40 CABBA 第二节 完形填空 36—40 DBCAC 41—45 AI)AAD 46—50 CBDBA 51—55 BDABC 三、阅读理解 56—60 CDACA 61—65 CCCAD 66—70 ACDCA 71—75 BABCD 专项训练六：主谓一致 1.I, who____ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English. A.am B.is C.are D.be 2. The rich ____ not always happy. A.are B.is C.has D.have 3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ____ his students. A.are B.am C.is D.was 4. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China. A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study 5. Neither my father nor I ____ at home. A.am B.is C.are D.be 6. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters., A.are;are B.am;am C.am;are D.is;is 7. Every' boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party. A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like 8. Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants. A.was B.is C. would be D.are 9. The population of China ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world. A.is B.are C.has D.have 10. Every means ____ tried but without any result. A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been 11. Alice, together with two boys,____ for having broken the rule. A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished 12. The League secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon. A.is B.was C.are D.is being 13. The great writer and professor____. A. is an old man B. are both old men C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese 14. There ____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk. A.are B.is C.has D.have 15. A large number of students in our class____ girls. A. are B. was C. is D. be 16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave things as they are. A. doesn' t change B.don't change C.change D.changed 17. The Arabian Nights ____ well known to the English. A. is B. are C. was D. were 18. Chairman Mao' s works ____ published. A. has been B.have been C.was D.is 19. A chemical works____ built there. A. is to being B.have been C. were to D.has been 20. The Olympic Games ____ held every ____ years. A.is;four B.are;four C.is;five D.are;five 21 .The United States of America one of the most developed countries in the world. A.is B.are C.was D.were 22.He is the only one of the students who ____ elected. A. are B.have C.has D.is 23.This is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked. A.have B.has C. have been D.has been 24.Many a man ____ come to help us. A.have B.has C.is D.are 25."All____ present and all____ going on well," our monitor said. A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are 26. The police ____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre. A. is searching for B. were searching for C. are searching for D. were searching 27.Your trousers____ dirty.You must have____ washed. A.is;il B.are;it C.are;them D.is;them 28.This pair of trouseis ____ too long for him. A.is B.be C.are D.were 29. One and a half bananas ____ left on the table. A.is B.are C.has D.have 30. Eight times eight ____ sixty - four. A.is B.are C.get D.equal 31 .Ten minutes____ an hour when one is waiting for a phone call. A.seems B.seem C.seemed D.seemes 32.____of the money____ run out. A. Three-fifth; has B. Three-fifth; has been C. Three-fifths; has D. Three-fifths; have 33. The whole class ____ the teacher attentively. A. are listening to B. is listening to C.are listening D. is listening 34.1 have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which___ more difficult. A.is B.are C.was D.were 35. Between the two rows of trees ____ the teaching building. A.stand B.stands C. standing D.are 36. Large quantities of water ____ for irrigation. A. is needed B. has -needed C. are needed D. need 37. That they were wrong in these matters ____ now clear to us all. A. is B.was C.are D.all 38.What we need____ good textbooks. A.is B.are C.have D.has 39. What you said just now____ the matter we are discussing. A.have something to at B. has something to do with C.had something to do with D.has been something to do with 40. More than one member ____ against the plan. A. is B.are C.has D.have 第二节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） While in the army there was nothing I dislike so much as the map-reading course，for the simple reason that I always feel 36 even with a map in my hand. For weeks I had 37 awake at night thinking of the 38 test 1 would have to face at the end of the course. 39 the evil day arrived. It was my responsibility to 1cad a small band of soldiers back to camp from the middle of 40 .We were driven out in a(n) 41 lorry and left in a ploughed field with 42 to get back to camp as quickly as possible. Well knowing my 43 ，the soldiers smiled as they saw me looking at the map and they made a11 sorts of helpful suggestions. I folded the map up，put it in my pocket，and said that we would 44 east. After walking through the cornfield for over an hour we came to a wide stream. I looked at the map 45 .It seemed to be 46 with masses of thin blue lines. But Which 47 line was this steam? In despair，we sat down in the cool 48 and I feel 1ike 49 the map into the water. Fifteen minutes later，a boat passed and I asked the boat-man if he could give us 50 to the nearest village. I 51 that we had been out for a walk and 52 got lost. The boatman invited US on 53 and I felt 54 when he told me that he had helped hundreds of soldiers to pass their map-reading test! Not long 55 ,we got off that boat and，following the boatman’s instructions, took a bus into the, village and get back to camp. 36. A. stupid B. blind C. puzzled D. lost 37. A. suffered B. lain C. slept D.1aid 38. A. basic B. actual C. practical D. special 39. A. At last B. At once C. As a result D. After all 40. A. village B. downtown C. nowhere D. forest 41. A. closed B. advanced C. ordinary D. damaged 42. A. suggestions B. directions C. information D. instructions 43. A. weakness B. thought C. task D. strength 44. A. head B. point C. march D. guide 45. A. gradually B. therefore C. merely D. again 46. A. spread B. painted C. covered D. separated 47. A. similar B. particular C. correct D. wonderful 48. A. tent B. shadow C. shore D. shade 49. A. tearing B. throwing C. striking D. destroying 50. A. lift B. ride C. favor D. service 51. A. declared B. pretended C. admitted D. described 52. A. altogether B. almost C. possible D. somehow 53. A. board B. boat C. purpose D. platform 54. A. afraid B. foolish C. fortunate D. interested 55. A. ago B.1ate C. afterwards D. away 三、阅读理解（共20小题年每小题2分，满分40分） A Everybody likes a winner，and there are always people ready to cheer for a good winner. But who has ever heard a song for the man who comes in second？.So this is in praise of the al-most winner，the nearly champion，the next to the biggest，the second best. This is the song of Mister Two. You hear unflattering names for Mister Two. “Alsoran”，they call him，and “runner-up”. Names that make you think of a fellow who couldn’t quite make it. Don’t let that fool you. Ask the winner of any race how good a man Mister Two is. He will tell you it’s Mister Two who made him run so fast，Mister Two is pressing hard at his heels threatening always to overtake and pass him. Ask the salesman who won the contest and what kept him plugging after hours，looking for extra order. Ask the directors of the big company why they keep changing their product，seeking the new equipment，the added advantage. What drives them ? What keeps them hopping? It’s the salesman with nearly as many orders. It is the company with the product almost as good. It’s Mister Two. In this country，we’re proud of the quality of our champions. Our big men come very big. Our fast men run very fast. Our wise men are the wisest and our greatest men are the greatest that a country could hope to be blessed with. And why is that? Couldn’t it be because great Mister Two’s growing naturally in a land where the race is always open and everybody can run ? So this is for you，Mister Two. This is your song. This is for all the days you tried for first，and came in second. It’s for the nights when you wonder if you ought to go on trying，since nobody seems to notice… We notice，Mister Two. We know the score. Winner or not，you’re a natural champion. There couldn’t be a race without you，Mister Two. 56. People usually call Mister Two unflattering names to _______ him. A. praise B. encourage C. laugh at D. respect 57. According to the author，Mister Two is mentioned in connection with the following except A. business B. sports C. wisdom and greatness D. failure 58. It is implied in this story that. A. the runner-up is as important as the winner B. every leader needs someone to help him C. the second today must be the first tomorrow D. second place is pretty good 59. The person who wins needs to understand that_______. A. winning is everything B. without mister Two he would do better C. without strong competition he wouldn’t have worked so hard D. being mister Two is wonderful B I remember the way the light touched her hair. She turned her head，and our eyes met，a momentary awareness in that noisy fifth grade classroom. I felt as though I’d been struck by a blow under the heart. Thus began my first love affair. Her name was Rachel，and I mooned my way through the grade and high school，stricken at the mere sight of her，tongue-tied in her presence. Does anyone, anymore，wander in the shadows of evening, drawn by the pale light of her window---like some unlucky summer insect? Her beauty made me awkward(笨拙的)and my voice crack(沙哑)is like some impossible dream now. I would catch sight of her，walking down an aisle of trees to or from，and I’d become a fool. She always seemed so charming. At home, I’d relive each meeting between us，suffering at the thought of my shortcoming. We eventually got to know as we entered our adolescence, she knew I had a case on her, and I sensed her emotional tolerance for me. “Going steady” implied a maturity we still lacked. Her Orthodox Jewish upbringing and my own Catholic belief made even kissing a distant Prospect(前景)，however strongly desired. At any rate, my love for Rachel remained without result. We graduated from high school，she went on to college，and I joined the Army. When World War II broke out，I was sent overseas. For a time we wrote，and her letters were the highlight of those terrible endless years. I mentioned the possibility of marriage in my nest letter, and almost immediately her replies became less frequent，less personal. Her Dear John letter finally caught up with me while 1 was awaiting discharge. She gently explained the impossibility of a marriage between us. Looking back on it, I must have recovered rather quickly，although for the first few months I believed I didn’t want to live. Like Rachel，I found someone else，whom I learned to love with a deep and permanent commitment that has lasted to this day. 60. According to the passage，how o1d was the author when his first love affair began? A. Before he turned his teens. B. In his early twenties. C. In his middle twenties. D. When he was just out of his teens. 61. How did the author behave as a boy in love? A. His first love motivated him toward hard study. B. His first love set off sentimental memories. C. He was overpowered by wild excitement and passion. D. He fulfilled his expectations and desires. 62.According to the passage，what held them back from a loving kiss? A. Her Orthodox Jewish upbringing did not allow it. B. His Catholic belief forbade it. C. They were not sure whether it was proper to kiss in line with their religious decorum (礼节). D. Kissing was found to be inelegant or even distasteful. 63.According to the passage，what was Rachel’s response to the author's tender affection before the war? A. She recognized and accepted his love affectionately. B. She controlled his affection by flatly turning him down. C. She fondly permitted him to adore her without losing her own heart to him. D. She care for him and wrote to him frequently. C Today, there are many avenues open to those who wish to continue their education. However, nearly all require some break in one’s career in order to attend school full time. Part-time education , that is，attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the process out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people. Besides，such programs require a fixed time commitment，which can also negatively affect one’s career and family time. Of the many approaches to teaching and learning，however，per-haps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning. Distance learning is an educational method，which allows the students the flexibility to study at his or her own pace to achieve the academic goals, which are so necessary in today’s world. The time required to study may be set aside at the student’s convenience with due regard to all life’s other requirements. Besides，the student may enroll in distance learning courses from actually any place in the world，while continuing to pursue their chosen career. Tutorial assistance may be available via regular airmail，telephone，facsimile machine，teleconferencing and over the Internet. Good distance learning programs are characterized by the inclusion of a subject evaluation tool. with every subject. This precludes the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test. Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the same as of the distance-learning course with the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus. The degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is em- ployed. The individuality of the professor／student relationship is another characteristic of a good distance-learning program. In the final analysis，a good distance learning program has a place not only for the individual students but also the corporation or business that wants to work in partnership. With their employees for the educational benefit，professional development，and business growth of the organization. Sponsoring(赞助的)distance-learning programs for their employees gives the business the advantage of keeping career-minded people while contributing to their personal and professional growth through education. 64. According to the passage，which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of part-time education? A. It requires some break in one’s career. B. It tends to last too long for many people to complete a degree program. C. It affects one’s career D. It gives the student less time to share with t11e family. 65. What benefit will distance—learning program bring to a business ? A. Employment of more talented people. B. Good image of the business. C. Better cooperation with universities. D. Further training of employees and business growth. 66. What benefit will distance learning bring to an employee of a business? A. Professional growth B. Good relationship with the employer. C. Good impression on the employer. D. Higher salary. 67. Which is not the characteristic of distance learning? A. It includes a subject evaluation tool with every subject. B. Its course uses the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus. C.A distance—learning program has a place only for students. D. The relationship of the professor／student is characterized by individuality. D THE BEST SHOPPING IN SYDNEY Sydney is one of the word’s biggest cities and has something for everyone when it comes to shopping.You will find excellent Australian products alongside the best that the world has to offer. At the bottom of Sydney Tower，you can shop in 160 of Sydney’s favorite including 16 jewellery stores and many gilt and fashion shops. It’s a11 at Westfield Centrepoint. Tel：923 l 9300. SOVEREIGN HILL This prize-winning living museum is where Australia’s history comes alive! Visit daily or stay for the night an experience life of the Gold Rush days. A wonderful nightly sound and light show. “Blood on the Southern Cross” tells the