研究生英语听力单词

研究生英语系列 研究生英语听力教程 An English Listening Course for Graduate Students (Teacher’s Notebook) 中山大学外国语学院研究生外语教学部 2002年9月 Unit One Part A 1. beat defeat 打败，击败 2.​ be drunk [usu. pred 通常作表语]　be excited and confused by alcoholic drink 喝醉 3.​ What’s the matter? What’s wrong? / What’s up? 出什么事了？ 6. be in style in a grand and elegant way 高雅的；有气派的；有风度的 That dress is in the latest style. 7. within reason sensible; reasonable 合情合理的；有节制的 8. camp place where people live temporarily in tents or huts 露营地，野营地 homesick sad because one is away from home 想家的 Compare: seasick, airsick 9. out of time too late 过了规定的时间，太晚了；不是时候 now that since; because 既然，因为 10. on sale being offered at a reduced price 拍卖，大减价，特价出售 11. have a hard time have difficulty in doing sth. 12. follow the rules obey the rules 遵守规则 13. have a say express one’s view 表达意见 14.​ upset distressed 心烦意乱的 face to face close to and looking at sb. / sth. 面对面地 15. face confront 面对，正视， 16. get a tan cause sth. to become brown by exposure to the sun 晒黑皮肤，日光浴 17. fool around/about waste time; be idle 闲荡，混日子；虚度光阴 productive achieving a lot 有生产能力的，富于成效的 18. approach come near or nearer to sb. or sth. 靠近，走近，接洽 reprimand / / rebuke sb. (for a fault, etc.), esp. officially 申斥 19. be determined to make up one’s mind to do sth. 下决心做某事 20. move change residence 搬家 Part B: Recruiting Personnel recruit n. a new member of an organization, esp. a military organization 新成员；新兵 v. gain sb as the new member; enlist 吸收某人成为新成员；征募 merit worth; excellence; fact, action, quality, etc that deserves praise or reward 优点，（复数）功绩 poach take (stuff or ideas) from sb./sth., esp. in an underhand way; catch (game birds, animals or fish) without permission on sb else’s property 挖走人才; 猎头 morale / / state of confidence, enthusiasm, determination, etc of a person or group at a particular time 士气；精神状态 take sth. on board accept (a responsibility, etc.); recognize (a problem, etc.) 承担（责任等）；承担（问题等）I’m too busy to take this new job on board. tactics means of achieving sth; expedient; procedure adopted in order to achieving sth. n. 策略，手段 in-house adj. internal 内部的 drawback disadvantage; problem 缺点 supervisor administrant; superintendent 管理人，总监 discontented / / dissatisfaction 不满的 reject refuse to accept (sth./ sb.) 拒绝（接受） tactfully showing the skill at not offending people or at gaining goodwill by saying or doing the right thing 机敏地，圆通地 assessment evaluation or opinion 评价，估计 induction installing sb. formally or with ceremony in a position or an office; initiation 就职，入门 inbreeding breeding or production among closely related people or animals n. 近亲繁殖，在内部产生 work by the book do sth. according to the regulations 按章办事 know the ropes know the procedures or rules for doing sth. 了解做某事的程序和规则 Part C Passage 1: Social Talk intimidating crowd the frightening crowd 聚者芸芸；人群济济 mitzvah / / mitsvah (希伯来)戒律，德行；犹太男孩13岁的成年仪式 Mets 纽约的一支棒球队 root (for) （infml）cheer for sb; support sb. wholeheartedly 鼓气；全力支持；欢呼 taboo / / (in certain cultures) ban or prohibition on sth that is regarded for religious or other reasons as not to be done, touched, used, etc.禁忌；忌讳 steady （infml）regular boy-friend or girl-friend 固定的异性朋友；男友或女友 bantering speaking playfully or jokingly 开玩笑的；诙谐的a bantering tone of voice Passage 2: On Behalf of Common Courtesy courtesy good manners n. 礼貌，文明 Michigan （美国）密歇根州 nostalgic / / feeling or causing the sentimental longing for things that are past 怀旧的，想念的 hard-core a. 没有限制的；赤裸裸的 obscenity / / (of words, thoughts, books, pictures, etc.) being indecent, especially sexually; being disguising and offensive; being likely to corrupt n. 淫秽；猥亵；下流 emanate / / emanate from sb. / sth.; come or flow from sth. / sb. 来自某物[某人]；从某处流出，飘出 The idea originally emanated from his brother. boor / / (derog. 贬) rough, rude or insensitive man 农夫；粗野的人，不懂礼貌的人 mug (infml ) attack and rob (sb) violently out of doors （户外）行凶抢劫 An old lady was mugged by a gang of youths in the park. obnoxious / / nasty; offensive; very unpleasant a. 可憎的，讨厌的；极不愉快的 dispiriting line depressing or discouraging words 令人泄气、沮丧的话 rationalize v. make sth. reasonable or sensible; justify 使合理化；找理由，据理力争 lighten up be careful 小心 civility / / (act of ) politeness 礼貌，客气 trash n. household or other waste; refuse 废物；废话 Part D: Job Application and Interviews CV curriculum vitae / / record of a person’s education and employment 履历 sadistic / / showing enjoyment of watching or inflicting cruelty; showing sadism a. 虐待狂的，残酷成性的 perk / / (= perquisite / /) n. a special advantage or benefit, in addition to the money you are paid, that you are given because of your job （工资以外的）额外收入，财务补贴，临时津贴，小费 Free child care for preschool children of employees was a popular perk. bonus payment added to what is usual or expected, e.g. an extra dividend paid to shareholders in a company or to holders of an insurance policy n. 额外津贴；奖金；红利 Unit Two Part A 1.​ set / put sth. in motion implement, start working, moving 使某事开始运作；使某物开始运动、运转 2.​ set down some rules make rules; write down some rules 3.​ set one’s heart on (having or doing) sth. / get (have) one’s heart set on sth. want sth. greatly 　渴望某物；急不可耐地想得到某物 4.​ Your guess is as good as mine. I don’t know, either. 5.​ do good to sb. / do sb. good /do some(any) good to do sth. 6.​ Memorial Day 美国阵亡将士纪念日（五月最后一个周一） 7.​ doesn’t feel well doesn’t feel quite oneself 8.​ mean sth. mean to do sth. 9.​ bill / change 帐单 / 零钱 10.​ take a stand on sth. declare one’s position, opinions, etc. (on sth.) 宣布对某事物的立场、意见等；表明态度 12.​ take advantage of make use of sth. for one’s own benefit 利用 13.​ take a while to do sth. take some time 花一小会时间 14. pick fights / quarrel with sb. deliberately cause the argument with sb. ; try to find fault with sb., e.g. by behaving aggressively 寻衅；找茬儿 15. make a mess make sth. in a difficult or confused state 搞糟；弄乱 16. fit in the house cram, find room for 　有足够空间容纳 17. the key to sth. the most important thing 18. take responsibilities for be responsible for veterinarian / / (abbr. vet) 兽医 19. give sb. a tour of show sb. around 带领某人参观某处 20. keep up with keep the same pace with sth. 跟上某人[某物] Part B Two Great Nations reverence / / feeling of deep respect 尊敬, 崇敬 potential qualities that exist and can be developed; possibility of being developed or used 潜力, 潜能 aspire (to/after) / / have ambition for sth.; desire strongly to achieve sth. 对…热望 stride walk with long steps (in the specified direction) （朝某方向）大步行走 Part C Passage 1: Shanghai boom prosper; develop quickly 蓬勃发展 Opium War 鸦片战争 the paradise of adventurers 冒险家的乐园 infamous / / notorious, well-known as being wicked or immoral 声名狼藉的；恶名昭彰的 prostitution n. (practice of) working as a prostitute 卖淫 The police arrested the woman for prostitution. vice n. [U] criminal or immoral behavior, e.g. gambling, drug-trafficking, pornography, prostitution 罪恶行径，不道德行为（如赌博、贩毒、色情、卖淫）；恶习 [C] weakness; fault or bad habit 坏毛病；缺点 One of Shirley’s vices is eating too much chocolate. flourish v. prosper茂盛；活跃 The plants flourished in the fresh air and sunlight. heyday time of greatest success, prosperity, power, etc. in one’s heyday 黄金时期；全盛时期 During his heyday, Bob was the best basketball player in the country. Bund （上海）外滩；滨江路 snack n. 点心 Yu Gardens （上海）豫园 winding / / adj. 蜿蜒的；弯曲的 pavilion light building used as a shelter, eg. in a park 凉亭 perch (on sth.) (of a bird)to rest or stay on a branch; (of people)sit, esp on sth. high or narrow 座落於 The flock of birds perched in a large tree. ginkgo / () / 银杏树 Shanghai Acrobatics Troupe 上海杂技团 acrobatics / / 　n. (pl. ) 杂技，特技 Monkeys are known for their treetop acrobatics. fight the crowds 和拥挤的人潮奋战 surge flow, swell 蜂拥而至 The fastest runner surged ahead of the other runners. delicacy ／／n. [U] type of food thought to be delicious, esp. in a particular place 佳馐；美味（尤指有某处风味的）Do you like uncooked fish? It's a delicacy in Japan. designer clothes clothes designed by some famous designers 名牌时装 Passage 2: New York pay off (of a risky policy, course of action, etc) bring good results; be successful; work （尤指冒险的政策、做法等）带来好结果成功，行得通 The gamble paid off. trinket ／／small ornament, a piece of jewelry, etc of little value 廉价的装饰品、首饰；木珠; 玻璃珠; 不值钱的珠宝 the World Trade Center 世界贸易中心 the Statue of Liberty 自由女神像 dim sum (粤语音)点心 shark fin soup 鱼翅汤 pasta ／／　各式意大利面食 cappuccino / /　克普奇诺咖啡 linger stay for a long time; be unwilling to leave 徘徊，逗留 She lingered after the concert, hoping to meet the star. sketch v. make a rough quickly-made drawing, without many details 素描 whisk v. whip; go away quickly and suddenly 掸；挥 She whisked out of class and hurried home. the Empire State Building 帝国大厦 romantic-at-heart 喜爱浪漫之人 cluster 群；串 Near the pond stands a cluster of old trees. Rockefeller Center 洛克菲勒中心 behind-the-scenes 幕後的 crisscrossed　 existing in the pattern of crossing lines 十字形的 the Metropolitan Museum of Fine Art 大都会博物馆 buff (preceded by a n.) person who is enthusiastic and knowledgeable about a specified subject and activity 爱好者；迷 Music buffs enjoy buying new CD’s. planetarium / / 天文馆 stargazer astronomer 占星师；天文学家 dinosaur / / a creature that was extremely large and stopped existing a very long time ago 恐龙 take a bite cut into or nip (sth./sb.) with the teeth 咬（某物、某人） Big Apple New York Part D: Amy Grant album long-playing record with several items by the same perform 唱片;音乐专辑 Susan gave her dad an Elvis album for his birthday. understatement [U] (action or practice of ) stating or expressing (sth.) in a very controlled way 保守的描述;轻描淡写 To say that Nina likes ice cream, is an understatement. envision 想像(未来的事); 拟想(未实现之事) The company envisioned opening the sides of two mountains to extract coal. strive (~ for or after sth.) try very hard (to obtain or achieve sth.) 努力;奋斗 One must always strive to do better. release v. make sth. available to the public 发行;推出 Madonna should release a new album shortly. Grammy Award 葛莱美奖 nomination / / formally proposal that sb. should be chosen for a position, office, task. 提名(为候选人) She won the presidential nomination. Dove Award 圣鸽奖 entertainer person who entertains people esp. professionally 演艺人员 ；艺人 The entertainer sang to the crowd for two hours. benefit n. public performance or game held in order to raise money for a particular player, charity, etc. 义演或义赛 rub elbows with someone spend time with someone in a friendly way 与某人交往 He loved to rub elbows with the rich and famous. show off try to impress others with one’s abilities, wealth, intelligence, etc. 炫耀 Mom loves to show off the pictures I send home. striking attracting attention or interest 显著的;引人注意的 Sonja wore a striking dress to the concert. Everyone looked at her. matter v. take an important place 占重要地位 Being honest matters to Theresa. Unit Three Part A 1.​ go on happen 发生 2.​ put sb. under arrest arrest sb. handcuff (v.) put handcuff(手铐) on sb 3.​ space shuttle aircraft 航天飞机；太空穿梭机 take off leave the ground （飞机等）起飞 4.​ fall down trip down 落下；跌倒；摔倒 have one’s back to sb 背对着 （have one’s back to the wall 处于绝境；走投无路） 5.​ run for office take part in the election 参选，竞选 6.​ consent agree, approve 同意 7.​ in keep with in compliance or conformity or harmony with 与一致；协调 8.​ keep sb. company to be the companion of sb. 与做伴 9.​ deal with attend to (a problem, task, etc); manage sth. 处理（问题、任务等）；料理（某事） 10.​ politically active be enthusiastic about politics 热衷政治 11.​ take one’s turn 轮流; 依次 12.​ take after resemble (one’s mother or father) in appearance or character （在长相、性格方面）像（其母、其父） 13.​ miss 错过 14.​ rookie an inexperienced newcomer 新手，生手　 15.​ come in handy be useful some time or other 迟早有用；备不时之需 16.​ go broke be bankrupt; have no money; be penniless 破产 file for send (sth.) so that it may be recorded 提出申请以备案 bankruptcy / / being unable to pay debts 破产 17.​ on its last legs be weak or in poor condition 危殆；糟糕 My car’s on its last legs- it keeps breaking down. 18.​ take a nap sleep for a while 小睡 19.​ on time punctual 按时 20.​ go on vacation enjoy one’s holiday 渡假 Part B: Abuse of Credit Cards abuse make bad or wrong use of sth. 滥用、妄用某事物 Attorney General (U.S.) (in certain countries) chief legal officer, appointed by the Government （某些国家的）司法部长 (Solicitor-General: one of the chief law officers in the British Government, advising on legal matters（英国政府的）副检察长) suspect suspect sb. of (doing) sth. doubt about; mistrust 怀疑（某事物）；不相信 confidential to be kept secret 保密的；机密的 turn out prove that 被证明 livid furiously angry 大怒 bring in introduce (legislation) 引入；提出 receipts / / [pl.] money received by a business （营业）收到的款项 process deal with (a document) officially 审阅，审查，处理（文件等） fraud act of deceiving sb. illegally 欺骗；欺诈行为 ex-con ex-convict 前囚犯 pornographic / / describing or showing sexual acts 色情的，晦淫的 bill sb. for sth. send sb. a bill (for sth.) 送交某人帐单（要求为某事物付帐） access to sth. way in 通路 trade off give sth. up (in exchange for sth. else) as a compromise 放弃某物作为让步（以换取他物）　trade-off:（为获得最佳组合，对各因素的）权衡，协调 hustle make sb. act quickly and without time to consider things 催赶，催促 premise / / hypothesis 前提 sue / / make a legal claim (against sb.) 控告（某人）；对（某人）提出诉讼 profile / / brief biography of sb. or description of sth. in a newspaper article, broadcast program, etc. （报刊文章、广播节目等中的）人物或事物之简介，概况，传略 wrongdoing wrong behavior; wrong action 不道德的行为；坏事 have recourse (to sb. / sth.) turn to sb. / sth. for help; get help from sb. / sth. 求助于某人／某物 conceal hide sth. / sb. 隐瞒；隐蔽 commission payment to sb. for selling goods which increases with the quantity f goods sold佣金；回扣；酬劳金 seamy / / unattractive and sordid 难看而污秽的；丑恶的 comptroller / / auditor 审计员 back down back off to stop supporting a position 退让；打退堂鼓；放弃原主张 review re-examine or reconsider (sth.) 复查或重新考虑某事物；重新检讨 cross the line violate the regulations 越界；违规 uphold / / support (a decision, etc.) against attack 维护，支持（某决定） Part C Passage 1: Competitive Advantage SWOT the acronym of Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat SWOT表示优势、弱点、机遇和威胁 user-friendly easy to operate 　易于操作的 helpdesk 售后电话服务 range of products 产品范围 be perceived as be regarded as; be viewed as 被认为 Our products are perceived as the most up-to-date in the same line. represent better value 更体现价值 after sales side 售后服务方面 field maintenance 现场维修 market penetration 市场份额 profile / / [C usually singular] the amount of public attention that someone or something receives 在人们心中的声誉和形象，公司形象 He keeps a low profile and doesn’t go after headlines. direct mail 直接邮寄（一种销售方式） a strong product 过硬产品，拳头产品 have a much stronger presence in 在某方面影响大得多 Chinese products began to make their presence in the world market with the deepening of China’s reform and opening-up. in terms of as regards sth.; expressed as sth. 在…方面 His paper was excellent in terms of structure, but not so good in other respects. customer base consumer basis 消费层 sophisticated complicated and refined; elaborate; subtle 复杂的；精良的；精细的；讲究的，成熟的 promotion n. advertising or other activity intended to increase the sales of a product （产品的）宣传，推销 There are government controls on the promotion of cigarettes. capitalize on v. use sth. to one’s own advantage; profit from sth. 最大限度地利用 He is good at capitalizing on the drawbacks of his opponents. Passage 2: Explaining the Company Organization plc abbr. Public Limited Company 股票上市公司 headquarters n. (abbr. HQ) place from which organization is controlled 总部；司令部，指挥部 administrative department the department of or involving the management of public or business affairs 行政部门 board of directors 董事会，理事会 executive person or group in a business organization, trade union, etc with administrative or managerial powers （在企业、工会等中的）行政领导；经理；董事 Part D: Equal Pay for Equal Jobs twist n. change or development 扭曲，意想不到的转折 destined n. [pred 表语]　having a future which has been decided or planned beforehand注定，预定 anti-discrimination 反歧视 punitive / / a. intended as punishment 惩罚性的，刑罚的 punitive action, restrictions, measures, etc. compensatory / / a. recompensing; compensating 补偿性的；赔偿的；报酬的 compensatory payments damages [pl.] n. money paid or claimed as compensation for damage, loss or injury 赔偿金，赔偿损失费 lawsuit (also suit) n. process of bringing a dispute, claim, etc before a court of law for settlement 诉讼案件 coordinator / / n. person who causes (different parts, limbs, etc) to function together efficiently 配合人，协调人 bust v. break; smash; cause to become bankrupt or short of money 使失败；使破产；经济的突然萧条; (商业中的)大跌价, 大裁员 boom or bust succeed or fail 不成功则失败 bust sth. up cause sth. to end; disrupt sth 使某事物终止 go bust become bankrupt; fail financially 破产 Unit Four Part A 1.​ have no idea not know; not incompetent 不知道；无能的 2.​ go skiing 滑雪 3. pick up collect sth. 取或收集某物 I’ll pick up (i.e. buy) something for dinner on my way home. 4. mistake for wrongly suppose that sb./ sth. is sb./ sth. else 误将某人／某物认作他人／他物 5. script text of a play, film, broadcast, etc. （戏剧、电影、广播、讲话等）剧本，脚本，讲稿 run through discuss, examine or read sth. quickly 匆匆讨论、检查或阅读 He ran through the names on the list. 6． registration fee 注册（登记、挂号）费 7. knock off (sth.) remove sth. by striking it 打掉某物 8. bill (US check) written statement of money owed for goods or services supplied 帐单 the housing office房屋管理处 afford have enough money, time, space, etc for (a specified purpose) 为（某目的）有足够的钱、时间、地方等 9.​ a dentist appointment 10.​ get one’s new line put in fix or install one’s new telephone line 安装新电话 have one’s calls forwarded have one’s telephone sent or transferred 将电话转送或转接出去 line up arrange or organize sth. 安排或组织某事物 11.​ His glove is there on the couch. 他的手套就在那边沙发椅上。 12. end up reach or come to a certain place, state or action, esp. by a lengthy route or process 达到某状态或采取某行动；终归；结果是；结局 13. expiration date / / ending of the period when a contract, etc. is in force 终止日期 　 hand in bring or give sth.; offer or submit sth. 提交或上交 14.​ out of one’s head off one’s head crazy; very foolish 发疯的；说胡话的；神志不清的 The patient is feverish and out of his head. 15. stop by stop round (esp. US) make a short visit to sb’s house, etc; call in 串门 Ask him to stop by for a chat. print picture or design make by printing from an inked surface 印成的图画，图案，版画 16. round up cause sth. to gather in one place使某人/某物集中在一起The guide rounded up the tourists and led them to the coach. get sth. off the ground (of activities, enterprises, etc.) make a successful start （指活动、事业等）顺利开始 17. turn into a lot become a great deal 18. Why bother? What worries you? 你愁什么呢？ 19. go on happen, take place ［尤用于进行时态］发生 　 wing part of a building that projects from the main part 侧厅；耳房 20.​ postpone / another delay defer sth. / being slow or late again 延迟／又要耽搁 be boiled down be summarized as sth. 归结为某事物 Part B: American Boys: Growing Up dropout n. leaving school, university, etc. without finishing one’s courses; withdraw (from an activity, a contest, etc.　辍学；中途退学；（从活动、竞赛中）退出 juvenile / / [attrib. 定语] of, characteristic of or suitable for young people who are not yet adults 未成年的；少年的　juvenile court court that tries young people who are not adults 少年法庭 juvenile delinquency criminal or antisocial behavior by juvenile delinquents 少年犯罪juvenile delinquent young person not yet an adult, who is guilty of a crime, e.g. vandalism 少年犯 commit suicide kill oneself intentionally 自杀 tick behave, work, function 活动；工作；起作用 I don’t’ know what makes a computer tick. what makes sb. tick what makes sb. behave in the way he does 某人这样做的原因是什么； 某人的动机是什么 I’ve never really understood what makes her tick. image general impression of a person, firm or product, etc. to the public; reputation 形象,声誉 self-image 自我形象 body-image 形体 apron string （tied to）one’s mother’s, wife’s, etc apron string (too much under) the influence and control of one’s mother, etc.（受）母亲或妻子等的影响及控制 bottled-up emotion suppressed or restrained feelings 掩盖和抑制的情绪 susceptibility / / being easily influenced or harmed by sth. 易受影响或损害的状况 the bully the person who frightens or hurts a weak person 以强凌弱(的人) nervous breakdown collapse or failure of nerves 精神崩溃 continuum / / 连续统一体 teasing make fun of sb. in a unkind or playful way 嘲笑, 逗弄 undermine weaken sb. or sth. gradually 逐渐削弱 preoccupation thing that a person thinks about all the time; state of being constantly thinking or worrying about sth.; obsession 心里总想着的事物；耿耿于怀的事情；全神贯注；冥思苦想 define show a line (shape, feature) c