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法律英语语序调整

2010-11-25 50页 ppt 441KB 35阅读

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法律英语语序调整null十. 法律英语语序调整*十. 法律英语语序调整null*1.普通英语的语序调整 1.1 逆序翻译 1.It has become a conventional wisdom that children have become so vulnerable that they should be protected by special right and codes. 孩子们容易受到伤害,应该制定特别的法律法规予以保护,这已达成了共识。 null* 模仿翻译: 经济增长不能以环境破坏为代价,这已达成了共识。 It h...
法律英语语序调整
null十. 法律英语语序调整*十. 法律英语语序调整null*1.普通英语的语序调整 1.1 逆序翻译 1.It has become a conventional wisdom that children have become so vulnerable that they should be protected by special right and codes. 孩子们容易受到伤害,应该制定特别的法律法规予以保护,这已达成了共识。 null* 模仿翻译: 经济增长不能以环境破坏为代价,这已达成了共识。 It has become a conventional wisdom that economic growth could not be gained at the cost (expense) of environmental destruction.null*2.It was the first time that a US president considered an ecological issue important enough to justify a tense moment in relations with the world's other economic superpowers. 美国总统把一个生态问题看得那么重要,即便因此与其他的经济超级大国发生一点摩擦也值得,这种情况以前不曾有过。 null*模仿翻译: 父母亲为我们付出了很多,我们花时间和精力回报父母是值得的。 It justifies the time and energy to repay our parents who have done so much for us. null*3.The poor are the first to experience technological progress as a curse which destroys the old muscle-power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty. 对于以往几代人来说,旧式的体力劳动是一种摆脱贫困的手段,而技术的进步则摧毁了穷人赖以生存的体力劳动。因此,首先体验到技术进步之害的是穷人。null*4.Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly whimsical than that of gunners using science to shatter men’s bodies while, close at hand, surgeons use it to restore them? 炮手在使用科学手段来摧毁人们的躯体,而与此同时,医生就在近旁应用科学来医治创伤。难道还有比这更为怪诞可怕的景象吗? null*1.2 重组翻译 1. I take heart from the fact that the enemy, which boasts that it can occupy the strategic point in a couple of hours, has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions, because of the stiff resistance that gets in the way. 敌人吹嘘能在几小时内就占领战略要地,可是由于一路受到顽强抵抗,连外围地带都没能占领。这一事实使我增强了信心。null*词汇辩析: Resistance Persistence insistence Consistence null*2.I am opposed to any diversion which will in Eisenhower's opinion jeopardize the security of his current situation in Italy, the buildup of which is exceedingly slow considering the well-known characteristics of his opponent who enjoys a marked superiority in ground troops and panzer divisions. 敌人在意大利享有地面部队和坦克部队方面的显著优势,这是众所周知的事。由于这一情况,艾森豪威尔在那里的进展甚为缓慢。因此,我不同意任何足以使艾森豪威尔认为有损于他当前安全情况的分散其兵力的措施。 null*3.The growth of class consciousness among the workers was inhibited by continued high levels of employment and rising earnings for almost 15 years, combined with the propaganda of views in the labor movement reflecting the influence of Keynesian theories about the ability of capitalism to solve permanently the problem of " boom and bust" through an economy of "built-in stabilizers”. 将近十五年来,就业率一直保持高水平,工资收入不断增长,再加上凯恩斯有一套理论,认为资本主义制度有能力通过名曰“内在稳定因素”的国家经济永远解决繁荣与危机交替出现的问题。劳工运动的宣传受凯恩斯理论的影响。这种种因素结合在一起,就使工人阶级觉悟的提高受到阻碍。 null*4.The problem of possible genetic damage to human populations from radiation exposures, including those resulting from the fallout from testing of atomic weapons, has quite properly claimed much popular attention in recent years. 人类面临辐射的威胁,包括原子武器实验产生的放射性散落物所造成的辐射威胁,很可能会由此受到基因损伤。这一问题近年来理所当然地引起人们的广泛重视。 * 5.1953年, 英美两国计划对中国援朝部队使用原子弹,并准备用核武器进攻中国。当这个消息由第三国外交官转告北京时,新中国的领导人深感忧虑。立即作出了建立和发展原子弹和导弹事业的决定。 译文1:In 1953, the United States and Britain planned to use atomic bombs against Chinese aiding troops in Korea and to attack China with nuclear weapons. When the news was transferred to Beijing from diplomatic sources of a third country, the leaders of new China felt deeply worried and immediately decided to set up and develop atomic bomb and missile cause. null*译文2: In 1953, when they learned from diplomatic sources of a third county that the United States and Britain were prepared to attack mainland China and the Chinese troops in Korea with nuclear weapons, the leaders of new China, deeply concerned, decided that China must have its own atomic bombs and missiles. null*译文3: The leaders of new China, deeply concerned, decided in 1953 that China must have its own atomic bombs and missiles, when they learned from diplomatic sources of a third county that the United States and Britain were prepared to attack mainland China and the Chinese troops in Korea with nuclear weapons. null*Exercise: 1.经过许多年来和外界的隔阂,现在收到你的信,我感到非常高兴。 I am very glad to have received your letter after so many years of isolation. 2.我家乡的人热情好客,乐于公益事业。能在这里长大,我感到非常自豪。 I was very proud to have been brought up in a small town with a great sense of hospitality and voluntary service. null*3.我原打算在今年一月访问中国,后来我又不得不予以推迟,这使我深感失望。 It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone the visit I had intended to pay to China in January. 4.我们是1959年出国的,之后中国连续三年遭受自然灾害,当我们得知这个消息,心情颇为低沉。 We had been dismayed at the news of the natural calamities that followed one another for three years after we left China. * 5.经过多年的努力,我们国家已能用仅占世界百分之七的耕地,养活了占世界百分之二十二的人口,使十一亿人民基本解决了温饱问题。 After years of efforts, now it has solved the problem of food and clothing to a point where it has managed to feed its 1.1 billion people, 22 percent of the world's total population, with only 7 percent of world's cultivated land. null*2.法律英语的语序调整 2.1 调整定语 1.Party B shall not disclose Confidential Information to anyone other than to such persons who require access thereto for the exclusive purpose provided hereunder and who are aware of their obligations of confidentiality hereunder. 乙方除了向为了本规定的目的而需要接触机密信息、且了解本协议规定的保密义务的人员披露机密信息外,不得向其他任何人披露。 null*Access的用法 因为山路崎岖,这些村难以进入。 Because of steep mountain paths, access to the mountainous villages is quite difficult. 那位学者是个易于接近的人。 The scholar is a man of easy access. 协议签署后我们终于获得了进出该国贸易港口的权利。 After signing the agreement we have finally gained access to the country’s trading port.null*总统还公布了一份联邦,报告显示百分之六十五的公立学校可以上网。 The president also issued a federal report showing 65 percent of public schools have access to the Internet. have access tonull*2.“Confidential Information” means all documents, reports, financial or other data, records, forms, tools, products, methodologies, technical knowledge, marketing plans, trade secrets, and other materials obtained by Consultant and Client from each other in the course of performing any Services. “机密信息”系指在履行服务期间,顾问和客户相互间获得的一切文件、报告、财务数据或其它数据、记录、格式、工具、产品、方法、技术知识、营销计划、商业机密及其他资料。 null*3.It is estimated that over 3,000 companies (including nontechnology companies) which have completed initial public offerings of stock in the United States over the past two decades have received venture capital at some point in their development. 据估计,过去20年中在美国完成首次公开发售股票的3,000多家公司(包括非技术公司)在其发展的某个阶段,曾获得过风险资本。 null*4.Confidential Information must be kept by the receiving Party in a secure place with access limited to only such Party’s employees, contractors, or agents who need to know such information for the purposes of this Agreement and who have similarly agreed to keep such information confidential pursuant to a written confidentiality agreement which reflects the terms hereof. 收受方必须将机密信息保存在安全的地方,可以接触该等信息的人,仅限于该方为本协议之目的需要知道该等信息、且已按照一份反映本条条款的书面同样同意对该等信息进行保密的雇员、承包商或代理人。 null*5.The Contractor shall perform the inspection and examination of all equipment, machinery and materials including spare parts required for the construction of the plant. 承包商应进行检验,并稽查建设工厂所需的一切设备、机械和材料,其中包括各种备用零部件。 null*2.2 调整状语 1.The Vendor acknowledges that the Purchaser has entered into this Agreement in reliance upon the Warranties and has been induced by them to enter into this Agreement. 出售方确认,购买方是以保证为依据、且受保证诱导而签订本协议的。 2.Liability for such damages shall not be waived in the event the non-breaching Party terminates this Contract under Article X. 如果非违约方根据X条终止本,违约方仍有责任给与损害赔偿。 null*3.In instances where such control does not otherwise exist by virtue of the venture capitalist’s equity ownership or Board representation, control over certain corporate actions is often obtained through contractual agreement between the venture capitalist and the company. 在因为股份所有权不多或在董事会里的代表人数不足而无法进行控制的情况下,风险资本家往往通过与公司签订的合约,获得对公司行动的控制权。 null*4.The manufacturers shall, before the goods are delivered over, make a precise and comprehensive inspection of the goods with regard to its quality, specifications, performance and quantity, weight, and issue inspection certificates certifying the technical data and conclusion of the inspection. 制造商应对货物的质量、规格、性能和数量、重量进行一丝不苟和全面的检验,出具检验证明书,证实检验的技术数据和结论,才能发货。 null*5.The board of directors may authorize any agent or agents to enter into any contractor or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation. 董事会可授权任何代理人以公司名义并代表公司签订合同或签发单据。 null*6.The borrower shall not do or cause or suffer anything to be done whereby the lender’s interest may be prejudiced. 原译文:借款人不得作出或促使作出任何事情发生借以使贷款人的利益可能受损。 修改译文:凡可导致受益人的利益受损的事情,借款人均不得作出,或促使或容许其发生。 null*7.We would appreciate it very much if you could give serious thoughts to our request for increasing the quantity up to 50,000 tons. 我们要求将数量增加到5万吨,如果贵方能认真地考虑我们这个要求,将不胜感激。 null*8.The preliminary deposit in respect of Units sold only to private purchasers referred to in condition (v) below shall be paid by cashier order and shall be dealt with as in condition (n) above as for public purchasers. 原译文:有关下述条件(v)所指的只售与内部购买人单位的初步订金须以银行本票支付,并按照上述条件(n)中处理公众购买人的方式处理。 修改译文:凡属下述条件(v)所指仅供内部认购的单位,其初步订金须以银行本票支付,并按照上述条件(n)适用于公开发售的方式处理。 null*9.贵方没有按合同规定及时把货备妥,致使我派去装货的船只滞期3天18小时。 1. You failed to get the goods ready for loading according to the time of shipment as stipulated in the contract. Therefore it resulted in the time on demurrage for the vessel sent by us for 3 days and 18 hours. 2. The fact that you failed to get the goods ready for loading according to the time of shipment as stipulated in the contract has resulted in the time on demurrage for the vessel sent by 3 days and 18 hours. 3. Your failure to get the goods ready for loading according to the time of shipment as stipulated in the contract has resulted in the time on demurrage for the vessel sent by us for 3 days and 18 hours.null*Demurrage 1.(船、车等的)滞留 a demurrage fee (charge) 2. 滞留费null*2.3.2 逆序翻译 The Owner may request the removal and replacement of any person employed, (1) in accordance with the Contractor, (2) if such person on the Site is in guilty of misconduct, incompetence or negligence,(3) and ensure the accomplishment of the project.(4) 为了保证工程的完成(4),业主认为工地上承包商的雇员品行不端、不能胜任工作或有失职行为(3),可依照本合同(2),要求承包商将此人调离或更换(1)。 null*Except in the event of breach of confidentiality, in no event shall either party be liable for any damages, including loss of data, lost profits, cost of cover or other special, incidental, consequential, direct or indirect damages arising from the use of the Products, or provision of, or failure to provide, support, however caused and whether based on agreement, tort ( including negligence ) or any other theory of liability.null*Except in the event of breach of confidentiality, in no event shall either party be liable for any damages, including loss of data, lost profits, cost of cover or other special, incidental, consequential, direct or indirect damages arising from the use of the Products, or provision of, or failure to provide, support, however caused and whether based on agreement, tort ( including negligence ) or any other theory of liability.null*除非违反保密规定,任何一方在任何情况下,对因使用产品、或提供或未提供支持,无论何种原因,亦无论基于协议、侵权(包括过失)或其他责任理论而引起的损害,包括数据丢失、利润损失、服务费用、或其他特殊的、附带的、后果性的、直接的或间接的损害,均不负赔偿责任。 null*Exercise: 6.The judicial authorities shall have the authority, where party has presented reasonably available evidence sufficient to support its claims and has specified evidence relevant to substantiation of its claims which lies in the control of the opposing party, to order that this evidence be produced by the opposing party, subject in appropriate cases to conditions which ensure the protection of confidential information. null*译文:如果一方当事人已经提供足够支持其权利主张并能够合理取得的证据,同时指出了有另一方当事人控制的证明其权利主张的证据,则司法当局有权在适当场合确保对秘密信息给与保护的条件下,责令另一方当事人提供证据。 null*7.It shall be unlawful for any person engaged in commerce, in the course of such commerce, to pay or grant, or to receive or accept anything of value as a commission, brokerage, or other compensation, or any allowance or discount in lieu thereof, except for services rendered in connection with the sale or purchase of goods, wares, or merchandise, either to the other party to such transaction or to an agent, representative, or the intermediary thereinnull*where such intermediary is acting in fact for or in behalf, or is subject to the direct or indirect control, of any party to such transaction other than the person by whom such compensation is so granted or paid. null*译文:商人在其商业过程中,支付、收取、接受任何佣金、回扣或其他补偿,或作为替代的任何补贴或折扣是非法的。但对同商品购销相关的,提供给另一方当事人或代理机构、或代表人、或其他中间机构的劳务除外。这里的其他中间机构事实上属于、代表或服从于该交易一方的直接或间接控制,而不是回扣支付方所控制的中间机构。(《克莱顿法》第2条第三款) 刘期安:法律英语的长句翻译 null*译文:有些学者,虽然接收在判决中使用如“判决依据”和“附带意见”这些术语,虽然也承认至少有些法官认为他们是根据先前判决的“判决依据”和“附带意见”作出判决的,但认为影响法官的判决的重要因素应从事情本身的特征,如法官的社会背景、当时的经济环境甚至语言本身的特征中去发现。 肖云枢:“法律英语句子结构特点及其翻译” null*9.China shall establish or designate an official journal dedicated to the publication of all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange and, after publication of its laws, regulations or other measures in such journal, shall provide a reasonable period for comment to the appropriate authorities before such measures are implemented, null*except for those laws, regulations and other measures involving national security, specific measures setting foreign exchange rates or monetary policy and other measures the publication of which would impede law enforcement. null*译文:中国应设立或指定一官方刊物,用于公布所有有关或影响货物贸易、服务贸易、TRIPS或外汇管制的法律、法规及其他措施,并且在其法律、法规或其他措施在该刊物上公布之后,应在此类措施实施之前提供一段可向有关主管机关提出意见的合理时间,但涉及国家安全的法律、法规及其他措施、确定外汇汇率或货币政策的特定措施以及一旦公布则会妨碍法律实施的其他措施除外。 null*8.Some academics, whilst accepting that terms like ratio decidendi and obiter dicta are used in judgments, and whilst accepting that at least some judges think they construct their judgments, on the basis of ratio and obiter in previous judgments, believe that important influences on decisions made by judges are to be found in the nature of matters such as the social background of judges, the economic circum stances of the time or even the very nature of language itself. null*10.The progress to the statute book of the necessary legal infrastructure for electronic commerce has in many countries been delayed by a difficult and politically sensitive debate created by the concerns of law enforcement authorities that the widespread use of strong encryption may facilitate crime and terrorism to a degree that will de-stabilize civilized governments. null*译文:在许多国家,执法机关担心严格加密的广泛使用,会给犯罪分子和恐怖活动提供方便,从而破坏文明政府的稳定。这种担心引起了一场难以 解决的、政治上敏感的辩论。而这场辩论则延误了必要的电子商务法律归入法典的进程。 肖平飞: “法律英语的长句特征及其翻译” null*TRIPS:Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Right 与贸易有关的知识产权协定 GATT:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 《关税与贸易总协定》,1996 ,是WTO世界贸易组织的前身。 关贸总协定GATT有两个含义:一是指一个国际协议,其中包含了从事国际贸易所应遵守的规则;一是指后来建立的用以支持该协议的国际组织。 null*GATT作为国际组织已不存在,取而代之的是WTO。但GATT作为协议仍然存在,但已不再是国际贸易的主要规则,而且已被更新。 经过修改,GATT已成为新的WTO协议的一部分。更新后的GATT与《服务贸易总协定》(GATS)和《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》(TRIPS)并列,WTO使三者并入一个单一的组织,形成一套单一的规则,并使用单一的争端解决体制。 null*11.In response to questions from certain members of the Working Party, the representative of China confirmed that administrative actions related to the implementation of laws, regulations, judicial decisions and administrative rulings of general application referred to in Article X: 1 of the GATT1994, Article VI of the GATS and the relevant provisions of the TRIPS Agreement included those relating to the implementation of national treatment, conformity assessment, the regulation, control, supply or promotion of a service including the grant or denial of a licence to provide a service and other matters, null*and that such administrative actions would be subject to the procedures established of prompt review under Section 2(D)(2) of the Draft Protocol, and information on such procedures would be available through the enquiry point that China would establish upon accession. null*译文:对于某些工作组成员提出的问题,中国代表确认,与GATT1944 第10 条第1款、GATS 第6条和《TRIPS协定》相关规定所指的法律、法规、普遍适用的司法判决(原文为“决定”)和行政决定的实施有关的行政行为,包括与国民待遇、合格评定、服务的管理、控制、提供或推销,包括发放或拒绝提供服务所需要的许可证和其他事项的实施有关的行政行为,且此类行政行为受根据协定书(草案)第2条D节第(2)款确立的迅速审查程序的约束,有关此类程序的信息将通过中国在自加入时起设立的咨询点提供。 邱贵溪:WTO 法律文件英语语言特点与翻译《国际商务研究》04/6 null*改译: 对于某些工作组成员提出的问题,中国代表确认,行政行为涉及GATT1944 第10条第1款、GATS 第6条和《TRIPS协定》所指的法律、法规、普遍适用的司法判决及行政决定的贯彻实施,包括国民待遇,评估鉴定,管理、控制、提供或促进某项服务的贯彻实施,如发放或拒发某项服务的许可证或其他事项的许可证。且此类行政行为受协定书(草案)第2条D节第(2)款确立的迅速审查程序的约束,有关此类程序的信息将通过中国入关时设立的咨询点提供。
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