2019-2020年最新山东省烟台市高考高考适应性练习(一)英语试卷及答案

高考适应性练习(一)英语试题说明：本试卷分四部分，共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。答案全部涂写在答题纸上，考试结束后，只交答题纸。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．19．15pounds．B．9．15pounds．C．9．18pounds．答案是B。1．Whendoesthemanexpectthewomantopickhimup?A．At6：00．B．At6：15．C．At6：30．2．Whydidsomanyoldpeopledielastmonth?A．Itwastoocold．B．Itwastoohot．C．Theyweretooold．3．Whathascausedthesalestogodown?A．Lowproduction．B．Poormanagement．C．Foreigncompetition．4．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Inahotel． B．Inahospital． C．Inanofficebuilding．5．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Sheusedtoworkinacarcompany．B．Shewishestofindanothernewjob．C．She’sexpectinghermanager’sopiniononherjob．第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6．Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Policeanddriver．B．Studentandteacher．C．Employerandemployee．7．Whyisthemanoftenlateforwork?A．Hecaresforhisaunt．B．Hegetscaughtintraffic．C．Hedoesn’tlikehisworkhours．听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8．Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodowhenhegoesout?A．Boilthekettle． B．Shutthewindow．C．Closethedrawers．9．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Sheisverycareful． B．Sheiswarm-hearted．C．Sheisabsent-minded.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inalecturehall．B．Inaclassroom． C．Inalibrary．11．Whatwillthemantalkaboutinhisreport?A．AmericanIslands．B．Pacificcultures C．NewYorkCity．12．Whatisthewomandoinghere?A．Helpingthestudents．B．Preparingforherreport．C．Datingwiththeman．听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．WhydoesthewomanwanttoleaveParkHoteldiningroom?A．Sheneedssometimeforcourses．B．Shedoesn’tlikefull-timejobs．C．Sheisnotsatisfiedwiththepay．14．Howlongcanthewomanworkeveryweek?A．Fortwodays．B．Forthreedays． C．ForFourdays．15．Whywon’tthewomanworkonSunday?A．Sheisverybusy．B．Therestaurantisclosed. C．Therearenotips.16．Whenwillthewomanbeginhernewjob?A．FromApril．B．FromMay． C．FromJune．听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whatisthespeakermainlytellingthelistenersabout?A．Vacationarrangements． B．Collegefacilities． C．Dormitorymanagement．18．Howlongwillmostofthedormitoriesbeclosed?A．Forabout7days． B．Forabout10days． C．Forabout15days．19．Whatwillremainopenasusual?A．Thepostofficeandthecollegeoffice．B．Thelibraryandthecomputercenter．C．Thecollegestoreandthedininghalls．20．Whatwillthelistenersdoafterwards?A．Finishtheirprojects．B．Goouttowork．C．Filloutforms．第二部分阅读理解(共两节。满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASomepeoplecollectstamps．Otherscollectcoins．NoahWebster，Jr．collectedwords．Hedidnotsavejustthewords，ofcourse，butalsotheirmeaningsandspellings．Hiscollectionbecamethebasisoftoday’sAmericanEnglish．WebsterwasbornonOctober16，1758，onafarminWestHartford．Websterwasinterestedinlanguageevenasachild．Mostchildrenatthetimestoppedtheireducationafteronlyafewyears．ButWebstercontinuedandattendedcollegeatYaleUniversity．DuringthefouryearsWebsterstudiedatYale，theAmericancolonies(殖民地)separatedfromBritainintheRevolutionaryWar．Peoplethenarguedaboutthelanguageofthenewlyindependentstates．ShoulditbeEnglishorGerman?Afterall，10percentofthepopulationspokeGerman．WebsterthoughtthelanguageoftheAmericanstatesshouldbeEnglish．NotBritishEnglishbutAmericanEnglish．Theonlyproblemwasthatsuchalanguagedidnotyetformallyexist.PeopleindifferentAmericanstatesuseddifferentwords，spellingsandpronunciations．Websterbelievedimprovingchildren’seducationcouldhelpbuildastrongernation．YoungAmericansshouldalsolearntouseastandardlanguage．Sohedecidedtowriteaseriesoftextbooks：aspeller，areaderandagrammar．Websterpublishedthefirstbook，whichcametobecalledTheBlue-BackedSpeller，in1783．Thespellerimmediatelybecameabestseller．Soonitwasusedinschoolsineverystate．In1787Websterchangedthebook’snametoTheAmericanSpellingBook.Websterusedthemoneyheearnedfromhisspellertobeginanotherproject：adictionary．HebelievedAmericansneededadictionarythatreflectedtheirowngeography，politicalsystemandhistory．Hisfirstversion，publishedin1806，includedabout40，000words．Hissecond，calledtheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage，included70，000words．Webster’sdictionarycametobeasymbolofthecountry’snewnationalidentity．21．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．ThebiographyofNoahWebster．B．ThesymbolofAmerica’snationalidentity．C．TheoriginandimportanceofAmericanEnglish．D．ThecontributionsWebstermadetoAmericanEnglish．22．Websterwroteaseriesoftextbooksto_________.A．stresstheimportanceoftheEnglishlanguageB．educatechildrenwithastandardlanguageC．1etAmericanslearnabouttheirownhistoryD．earnmoneytoeditanimportantdictionary23．NoahWebstercanbestbedescribedas_____.A．optimisticandreliable B．ambitiousandcautiousC．criticalandconsiderate D．farsightedandknowledgeable24．WebsterthoughtAmericansneededadictionarythat__________.A．showstheirnation’sowncharacteristics B．includesasmanywordsaspossibleC．iseasytoconsultandunderstand D．keepsarecordofAmericanhistoryBAreyouaprocrastinator(拖延者)?Anovercommitter?Noworries!We’veroundedupseveralteenswithissuesjustlikeyoursandfoundfixesthatwillhelpyouhaveanA+year!TheProcrastinator“I’lllookatonevocabularywordandthinkIdeservethreehoursworthofYouTnbe．”——Kami，16，NebraskaKamigetsallherworkdoneitjusttakeshertwicethetimeitshould．“SometimesIfindmyselfrewardingmyselffordoingthetiniesttask．”Justdoit，Kami!Startwiththeworst：Leavingthehardeststuffforlastsetsupan“avoidit”goalratherthana“doit”one．Dealwiththetaskyoufearmostrightawayandyouneedn’tprocrastinateanymore!Setatimer：SPIFY：ShortPeriodsofIntenseFocus，Yes!Workfor45minutes，thentakea15-minutebreak；followthis45／15cycleuntilyou’redone．ThemorestrictlyyousticktoSPIFY，themorefirmlyrooteditwillbecome．TheOvercommitter“It’shardtofindtimeforallmyextracurriculars(课外活动)，schoolworkandfun．”——Ana，17，MassachusettsAnarunstrack，rideshorsesanddoesgymnastics．Shearriveshomelate，alreadywornout,thenrushestodinnerbeforedoinghomework．“Ineedtimeforsocializingandrelaxation．I'mtoofocusedallthetime．”Justsayno，Ana！Maketoughchoices：dropsomecommitments．Thinkaboutwhatyourgoalsareandsticktothosethatcangetyouthere．Losethestuffthatstressesyouout，likethosepianolessonsyouneverpracticefor．Lookforhiddentime：youcan’taddmorehours，butyoucanexaminethein-between，transitionperiodsinyourscheduletoidentifyanytimeyoucanseizeforsmallhomeworktasks，likedoingreadingforEnglishonthebustopractice．25．WhatcanwelearnaboutKami?A．Sheisfedupwithherschoolstudies．B．Sheleavesherworkundoneduetolaziness.C．Shewatchesfunvideosonline3hoursaday．D．Shefailstobalancebetweenstudyandrelaxation．26．What’sthewriter’ssuggestionforprocrastinators?A．Don’trewardoneselfforthetiniesttask．B．Getthetougheststufflastdone．C．Practicetimemanagementvia“SPIFY”．D．Operateinthe“allworkandnoplay”pattern．27．WhichofthefollowingwaysmayhelpmanageAna’sbusylife?A．Quittingallthecommitmentsthatsheistakingup．B．Accomplishingeverytaskaheadofschedule．C．Developingotherhobbiesandinterestsforachange.D．Takingfulladvantageofintervalsbetweenactivities．CBeingforgivingtoyourselfandotherscanprotectagainststressandtheharmitdoestomentalhealth，accordingtoanewstudyintheJournalofHealthPsychology．Researcherslookedattheeffectsoflifetimestressonaperson’smentalhealth，andhowmoreforgivingpeoplegotalongcomparedwithpeoplewhoweren’tsoforgiving．Todothis，theyasked148youngadultstofilloutquestionnairesthatassessedtheirlevelsoflifetimestress，theirtendencytoforgiveandtheirmentalandphysicalhealth．Nosurprise，peoplewithgreaterexposuretostresshadworsementalandphysicalhealth．Buttheresearchersalsodiscoveredthatifpeoplewerehighlyforgivingofboththemselvesandothers，thatcharacteristicalonealmostremovedtheconnectionbetweenstressandmentalillness．“It’salmostentirelyerased—it’szero，”saysstudyauthorToussaint．“Ifyoudon’thaveforgivingtendencies，youfeeltheimmediateeffectsofstressinasevereway．Youdon’thaveanythingtocushionyouagainstthatstress．”Howaforgivingpersonalityprotectsapersonfromtheinfluenceofseverestressishardtodetermine．Theresearchersinferthatpeoplewhoaremoreforgivingmayadoptbetterskillstodealwithstress，ortheirreactiontomajorstressors(压力源)maybeslow．Thoughmoreresearchisneededtofullyunderstandthebenefitsofbeingmoreforgiving，Toussaintbelieves“100％”thatforgivenesscanbelearned．Hisownpreviousresearchhasshownthatsayingashortprayeronforgivenesscanhelppeopletaketheedgeoff.“Ithinkmostpeoplewanttofeelgoodandforgivenessoffersyoutheopportunitytodothat，”hesays．28．Theresearchersgottheeffectofforgivingby_____．A．analyzingquestionnaires B．doingscientificexperimentC．writingresearchpapers D．communicatingwith148adults29．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Forgivingtendenciescandealwithallmentalproblems．B．Itremainsunknownwhyforgivenesshelpstoreducestress．C．Toussaint’sstudyhasfullydiscoveredthebenefitsofbeingforgiving．D．Sayingashortprayeronforgivenessisthekeytogettingridofstress．30．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“taketheedgeoff”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Lookahead． B．Becomerelaxed．C．Makeuptheirmind． D．Sticktotheirgoals．31．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AnewstudyonphysicalhealthB．ForgivingyourselfmakesyoufeelgoodC．ForgivenessisgoodformentalhealthD．GettingridofstressisgoodforyourhealthDAflywithanextremelyunusualabilitytohearisthemodelforwhatmaybethefutureofnewandimprovedheatingaids．NealHallisasoundengineerwhoworkedonthenewhearingaidmodel．HesaysthetinyyellowflylivinginCentralAmericaandthesouthernUnitedStatesownsspecialhearingstructure．Mr．HallandhisteamattheUniversityofTexasmadeacopyofthefly’sheatingstructure．Theydiscoveredthattheflyhasaclevermechanism(机制)thatinsteadofusingtwoindependentears，likeahumanwould，thefly'searsareactuallycoupled．Thefly'scarsaretwomillimetersapart．Thatdistanceissosmallthatsoundreachesoneearjustfourmillionthsofasecondbeforearrivingattheother．Expertssayitshouldbeimpossibletoidentifywhereasoundiscomingfrom．Butinsidethisfly’earthereisa1.5millimeterslongstructuresimilartoasee-saw—apieceofchildren’splayequipment．Likethesee．saw，thefly’searstructuregoesupanddownfromacentralpoint．Pressurewavesagainstthestructureincreasethetimeittakesforsoundtotravel，whichpermitstheflytoidentifysoundeasily．Mr．Hallandhisteamusedsilicon(硅)tocopythefly’searstructure．Theyalsousedspecialelectricmaterialsthatenablethemtomeasureitsmovementsatthesametime．Hallsaysthehearingaiddevicecouldbeusedintwoways．Onewaywouldbetohelpthemilitaryonthebattlefield，wheresensorscouldfindwhereshotsarecomingfrom．Thesecondwaywouldbetoremoveunwantednoisefromaperson'ssurroundings．“Thatisafeaturethatisincrediblyusefulforhearingaids，forexample，ifyouturnupthegainofahearingaidtohearsomeoneacrossfromyou，italsoexpandseverythingelseintheroom，”saidHall．32．What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Tointroduceahearingaidbasedoffthefly’searstructure．B．Todescribeaflywithanunusualhearingability．C．Tocomparethefly'searswiththehearingaid．D．Toencouragepeopletoprotecttheirhearing．33．Inwhichwayarehuman’searsdifferentfromthefly’searsinstructure?A．Human’searsaremuchbigger． B．Human’searsarecoupled．C．Human’searsareindependent． D．Human’stwoearsaresimilar．34．Whathelpstheflyidentifysoundeasily?A．Thestrongpressurewavesoutside.B．Thecentralpointinsideitstwoears．C．Thespecialstructurelikeasee-sawinsideitsears．D．Theshortdistancebetweenthefly’stwoears．35．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellusaboutthenewhearingaid?A．Itsshortcoming． B．Itspracticalfunction．C．Itsmainfeatures． D．Itsfuturedesigns．第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HelpalocalcharitywithoutgivingapennyPhilanthropic(博爱的)effortsdonothavetobefinancial．36Regardlessofhowfightmoneyisforyou，youcanstillhelpothers．●Giveawayyourgentlyusedthings．Whenyoucleanoutyourclosets，chancesallthatyou’11finditemsyounolongerneed．Considergivingthemtoalocalcharity．37Toysatahomelessshelter，akitchentableatahalfwayhouseormaternity(孕妇的)clothesatapregnancycenterbenefittheindividualswhoreceivethoseservicesandmeantimesavethenon-profitorganizationsmoney.●Volunteeryourtime．Couldyouspareanhoureachweektovolunteerinyourcommunity?38Youcoulddosomethinglikeattendingapatientorstuffing(填充)envelopes，whichwouldbeahelptosomeorganizations．Whenyou’relookingforsomewheretovolunteer，takethefollowingthingsintoaccount：◆Howthetimerequirementsworkwithyouravailability◆Yourspecificskillsandpassions◆Personalexperiencesthatmightbebeneficialtosharewithothersinsimilarcircumstances●39Ifthere’saspecificcauseclosetoyourheart，useyourpassiontoletothersknowaboutitandgetinvolved．Thismaymeanpartneringwithoneorganizationorwithmany，dependingonthecause．40Whetheryouwanttheworldtoknowabouttheimportanceofwildlifeconservationorhowmanychildrenarewaitingforforeverhomes，yourvoicematters．Youruniqueinfluencetouchespeopleandcorporationsthatmightnototherwisebemadeaware．Usesocialnetworkingsitesorletterstogovernmentofficialstohelpfindsolutionstoproblemsaroundyou．A．Becomealladvocate．B．Makesomespeechesinpublic．C．VolunteeropportunitiesvarywidelyD．Matchyourdonationstospecificcharities．E．Localcharitiesneedmorethanjustbanknotes．F．Fewpeoplearewillingtowastetimewithothers．G．Onethingisforsure：peoplewon’trespondifthey’reuninformed．第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。There’retwotypesofeducators．Mostofthemteachonlyasa41toputfoodonthetable．Theratefew42，areteachers，whohavethe43todomorethantellaclasshowtoaddtwoandtwo；theycan44lives．Ms．Frieslandissuchateacher．WhenIfirstenteredherclassroom，Iwas45tofindmyvoice．Ifounditchallengingtoexpressmyself．Iwasscaredtosay：notoanything46peoplewouldn’tlikeme．Oneday,IwroteinmyjournalIwas47howtochangethisaboutmyself．AfterwardsIwas48：I'dneversharedanythingso49withateacherbefore．HowdidIdareto50herwithmytiresomeproblems?Laterthatweek，I51afterschooltomakeupaquiz．Afterthat，she52tometositbesideher．“WhatIseeinyouiswhatyouseein53．”shesaidgently．Myfaceturnedred．Irealizedimmediatelywhatshewasreferringto．AtfirstIfeltawkwardandnervousasIalwaysdid，butafteramomentwhatshewassaying54me．“Inmyyearsofteaching，I'veseenhowkidsinteractandhowsome55onesdevelopedwell．”Thenshepattedmgontheshoulder，saying56．“NowIhaveamission：we’llfindyourvoice．”Sheactually57！Itwassuchasimplething，butsorareandso58!Withherhelp，IlearnedmoreaboutmyselfthanIeverhad．”Confidentandoptimistic，Iamnowmyownpersonwithmyown59．Nothingcanexpressmygratitudeforthe60shehashadonmylife．41．A．reason B．profession C．chance D．trick42．A．thus B．besides C．therefore D．however43．A．power B．hobby C．duty D．purpose44．A．create B．recognize C．change D．confirm45．A．struggling B．offering C．waiting D．pretending46．A．asif B．sothat C．forfearthat D．aslongas47．A．inthecharge B．underthecontrol C．ontheway D．ataloss48．A．desperate B．embarrassed C．relieved D．proud49．A．personal B．admirable C．careless D．troublesome50．A．hand B．reward C．burden D．impress51．A．stopped B．forgot C．afforded D．remained52．A．signed B．pointed C．reacted D．appealed53．A．others B．yourself C．me D．us54．A．touched B．praised C．greeted D．discouraged55．A．naughty B．1azy C．quiet D．stupid56．A．casually B．firmly C．sadly D．gratefully57．A．agreed B，approved C．forgave D．cared58．A．complex B．vivid C．common D．valuable59．A．treasures B．opinions C．feelings D．secrets60．A．hope B．pity C．influence D．view第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ArborDay(植树节)isaholidaywhenindividualsandgroupsareencouragedtoplanttree.Today，alotofcountriesobservesuchaholiday．Though61(usual)observedinspring，thedatevaries，dependingonclimateandsuitableplantingseason．ArborDayhasbeena62(tradition)holidayinChinasince1927．In1914，63founderoftheagriculturalcollegeatNankingUniversitysuggested64(set)asidetheholiday，65hethoughtshouldbeheldthesamedayastheQingmingFestival．In1981，aNationwideVoluntaryTree-plantingCampaign66(adopt)bytheFifthNationalPeople’sCongressofChina，whichrequiredthateveryable—bodiedcitizen，67theagesof11and60plantthreetofivetreesayearordothesameamountofworkinseedling,cultivation，treetendingorother68(service)．Now，ChinacelebratesArborDayOnMarch12，aday69(found)byLinDaoyang．Itservesasareminderthateveryonehasarole70(play)intakingcareoftheenvironment．第四部分写作(共两节；满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Dearfriends，IfeelgreatlyhonoredtosharewithyourayexperienceinmakingEnglishspeeches．Totellthetruth，myspeakingEnglishusedtobeabigheadacheforme．Duetomyterriblepronunciation，Ioftengotmisunderstoodorevenlaughedbyothers．Ineversucceedinspeechcompetitions．Therefore，Irefusedtogiveup．EverydayIspenttwohourslistentoEnglishprogramstoimprovemyoralskills．Tomyjoy，myeffortwasfinallypaidoff．Imadesteadilyprogressandmanagedtowinprizeinsomespeechcompetitions．Soproblemscanhelpusgrowifwedealwithitbravelyandproperly．ThisiswhichI'velearnedfrommyexperience．第二节面达(满分25分)假定你是北京中学的高三学生李华。你想报名参加某英语站的口语，请你给培训负责人David写一封邮件，介绍你的英语学习情况，并提出自己的培训需求。注意：1．词数100左右：2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearDavid．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，LiHua