备战2010：高考英语不定式

nullnull 学习重点： 1.不定式的形式;时态和语态 2. 用法 3. 考点null观察划线部分的特点 I asked the boy to answer my question. Tom’s attending the meeting made everyone there very happy. To learn maths is not easy./ It is not easy to learn maths. Seen from the hill, the city looks very beautiful. The girl sitting under the tree is my sister. null非 谓 语 动 词动名词分 词不定式现在分词过去分词doingdoingdoneto donull构成： to+ 动词原形不定式的时态和语态（ do)不定式的时态和语态（ do) 语态时态to doto be doneto be doingto have done to have been done to have been doing否定式： 在不定式前加 not null不定式将来表目的表某一次具体的动作1. 我有很重要的事情要告诉你。 I have something important to tell you. 2. 那个男孩喜欢玩电脑游戏。 The boy likes to play computer games. 3. 为了通过考试，我更加努力学习。 To pass the exam, I work even harder.null不定式的用法 1.学对于我们来说不是很难。 It is not difficult for us to learn English./ To learn English is not difficult for us. 2. 小男孩很想学英语。 The boy wanted to learn English. 3. 他的爱好是打篮球。 His hobby is to play basketball. 4. 我没有东西吃。 I have nothing to eat. 5. 为了赢得比赛，他刻苦练习。 To win the game, he works hard. 6. 我很高兴见到你。 I am very glad to see you. 7. 爸爸叫他进来。 Father asked him to come in.7135’642null一、不定式作主语 Eg.　吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。(具体) To smoke so much is not good for you./It‘s not good for you to smoke so much. 不定式作主语表示的动作往往是具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。常用It 作形式主语 ( 注意句型： It is + adj.+ for /of sb to do sth.) Eg. 你真好，帮助我学习英语。 It is very good of you to help with my English. 二、不定式作宾语 1.爸爸答应给我买一辆单车。 My father promised to buy a bike for me. 2.天啊！ 我忘了关灯了。 Oh, My God! I forgot to turn off the light. 注意：下列动词或动词短语后接不定式：agree, seem, appear, offer, happen, wish, hope, pay, expect, long, plan, intend, promise, pretend, decide, afford, manage, choose, be said to, would like to等。 null三、不定式作宾语补足语 1.医生建议他每天锻炼身体。 The doctor advised him to take exercise. 2. 他的父母期望他上大学。 His parents expected him to go to university. 注意：用不定式作宾语补足语主要看动词 1.以下动词接不定式作宾语补足语： advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect , force , get, encourage , hate, invite ,order ,oblige, wish, want, warn, remind, promise, permit, persuade, request… 2. 以下动词接动词原形作宾补： make, let , have ,see,watch(等感官动词接动词原形作宾语补足语表示动作全过程） Eg; 老师看着学生过马路 The teacher watched the students cross the road. null四、不定式作定语 1.最后一个来到达的人要付账。 The last one to come pays bill. 2.下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。 The next train to arrive was from New York. 注意：（1）不定式作定语的位置： （2）所表示的时间： 五、 作表语 我今天必须做的事情是打扫房间。 What I must do today is to clean the room. 2. 他的任务是送信。 His task is to send letters. 注意：不定式表示一次性的；具体的动作放在名词的后面将来null六、动词不定式作状语 1.表示目的 （1）我在存钱买电脑。 I’m saving up to buy a computer （2）我要把他的电话号码记下来，以防忘记 I‘ll write down his telephone number （so as） not to forget it. 2.表示结果 他的视力太差了，看不清这么小的字。 His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters. 3.表示原因(一般放在形容词后面） 我很高兴遇到你 I am very glad to meet you. null(链接） 1.(09.广州一摸）On their return the father asked his son _________(explain) what he had learnt. 2.My advisor encouraged me _________(take) a summer course to improve my writing skills.( 2004. Beijing) 3.I don’t know whether you happen _________________(hear), but I’m going to study in the U.S.A this September. (2004. Liaoning). 4. The flu is believed ___________(cause) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. (2004.shanghai) 5. He seems _______________（punish) by his teacher yesterday.(09.高考模拟） __________(save ) the badly sick lady, the doctor had an operation on her. He was too frightened _____ (say) anything. The school ordered all the classroom__________ ( clean ). to explain to take to have heardto be causedto have been punishedTo saveto sayto be cleanednullExercise: 1. He is said ___________(allow) to return to his country because a new president comes into power. 2. He spoke in such a high voice _____________at the further end of the room. 3.In Australia, he made a lot of friends ________ a using practical knowledge of the English. 4. To play fair is as important as _________ well. 5. We agreed ________(meet) here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet. 6.Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers ________ (ride) a bicycle. 7. The boy want to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _________ (do). 8. I’ll do whatever I can _________ my English. 9. My grandmother seems to have a lot ____________(worry) about. 10. You shouldn’t allow students __________(play) games near the classroom, for it’s too noisy.to be allowed( as )to be heardto getto playto improve to meetto ridenot to to worry aboutto play nullI had meant _________(call) on you, but I was so busy. 12. To know what is good and ________(do) what is right are two different things. 13. You must have taken a lot of trouble _____ ___(find) this materials for us. 14. He was afraid _______(go) forwards because he was afraid of falling down. 15. I hate _____________ (hear) their complaints all day. One of these days, I will tell them what I really think. 16.The way they talked ________(settle) the problem seemed impossible. 17.He let me repeat his instructions _________(make) sure that I understood what was __________(do) after he went away. 18. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____________(learn) . He always works hard. 19.My cousin has passed the entrance examination. My family sent him an E-mail _______________(congratulate) him on his success.to callto doto findto goto have heardto settleto maketo be doneto learnto congratulatenull