学位英语

Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 　　Passage 1 　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: 　　（76）Much unfriendly feeling towards computers has been based on the fear of widespread unemployment resulting from their introduction. Computers are often used as part of automated production systems requiring a least possible number of operators, causing the loss of many jobs. This has happened, for example, in many steelworks. 　　On the other hand, computers do create jobs. They are more skilled and better paid, though fewer in number than those they replace. Many activities could not continue in their present form without computers, no matter how many people are employed. Examples are the check clearing system of major banks and the weather forecasting system. 58英语，学位考试专题 　　When a firm introduces computers, a few people are usually employed in key posts （such as jobs of operations managers）while other staff are re-trained as operators, programmers, and data preparation staff. （77） After the new system has settled down people in non-computer jobs are not always replaced when they leave, resulting in a decrease in the number of employees. This decrease is sometimes balanced by a substantial increase in the activity of the firm, resulting from the introduction of computers. 　　The attitudes of workers towards computers vary. There is fear of widespread unemployment and of the takeover of many jobs by computer-trained workers, making promotion for older workers not skilled in computers more difficult. 　　On the other hand, many workers regard the trend toward wider use of computers inevitable. They realize that computers bring about greater efficiency and productivity, which will improve the condition of the whole economy, and lead to the creation of more jobs. This view was supported by the former British Prime Minister, James Callaghan in 1979, when he made the point that new technologies hold the key to increased productivity, which will benefit the economy in the long run. 58en.com 　　1. The unfriendly feeling towards computers is developed from　　　　．　　 　　　 A. the possible widespread unemployment caused by their introduction 　　　 B. their use as part of automated production systems 　　　 C. the least possible number of operators 　　　 D. the production system in steelworks 　　2. The underlined word They （Line 1, Par. 2） refers to　　　　． 　　　 A. computers 　　　 B. jobs 　　　 C. activities 　　　 D. systems 　　3. According to Paragraph 2, without computers　　　　． 　　　 A. human activities could not continue 　　　 B. there could not be weather forecasting systems 　　　 C. many activities would have to change their present form 　　　 D. banks would not be able to go on with check clearing 　　4. According to the passage,what results from the introduction of computers？ 　　　 A. After re-training, all employees in the firm get new jobs. 　　　 B. A considerable proportion of people are employed in key posts. 　　　 C. The firm keeps all of its original staff members. 　　　 D. The decrease in staff members may be balanced by the increase of firm activities. 　　5. James Callaghan's attitude towards computers can be best described as　　　　． 　　　 A. doubtful 　　　 B. regretful 　　　 C. unfriendly 　　　 D. supportive 　　Passage 2 　　Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: 　　The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruits and green vegetables. （78） It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins. 　　An example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as beri-beri. （79） It used to distress large numbers of Eastern peoples who lived mainly on rice. In the early years of this century, a scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beri-beri. At first he thought it was caused by a germ. He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on polished rice which had the outer husk　removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak and sick people to digest. 58英语，学位考试专题 　　Eijkman thought his germ theory was confirmed when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on leftovers （剩饭） from the patients' plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to isolate the germ, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who declared that the polished rice, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked for the patients, and the chickens should be fed on cheap rice with the outer layer still on the grain. Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unpolished rice somehow prevented or cured beri-beri —— even that a lack of some element in the husk might be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beri-beri was shortly afterwards isolated from rice husks and is now known as vitamin B. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins. 　　6. A good mixed diet 　　　　．　　　　 　　　 A. normally contains enough vitamins 　　　 B. still needs special provision of vitamins 　　　 C. is suitable for losing weight 　　　 D. is composed of fruits and vegetables 　　7. The disease beri-beri　　　　． 　　　 A. kills large numbers of Eastern peoples 　　　 B. is a vitamin deficiency （缺乏） disease 　　　 C. is caused by diseased deer 　　　 D. can be caught from diseased chickens 　　8. The chickens Eijkman noticed in the hospital yard　　　　． 　　　 A. couldn't digest the polished deer 　　　 B. proved beri-beri is caused by germs 　　　 C. were later cooked for the patients' food 　　　 D. were suffering from beri-beri 　　9. According to Eijkman, polished rice　　　　． 　　　 A. was cheaper than unpolished rice 　　　 B. was less nourishing （有营养的） than unpolished rice 　　　 C. was more nourishing than unpolished rice 　　　 D. cured beri-beri 　　10. The chemical substance missing from polished rice　　　　． 　　　 A. was vitamin B 　　　 B. did not affect the chickens 　　　 C. was named the Eijkman vitamin 　　　 D. has never been accurately identified 　　Passage 3 　　Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: 　　I hear many parents complain that their teenage children are rebelling. I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away, from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems .that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are holding one another's hands for reassurance （放心）。 　　They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But they all end up listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in such a way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon （茧） into a larger cocoon. 　　（80） It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a market for teenagers. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be. This is a great barrier for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path. 　　But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you don't care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come —— with the people who respect you for who you are. That's the only kind of popularity that really counts. 　　11. The author's purpose in writing this passage is to tell 　　　　． 　　　 A. readers how to he popular with people around 　　　 B. teenagers how to learn to make a decision for themselves 　　　 C. parents how to control and guide their children 　　　 D. people how to understand and respect each oth~ 　　12. According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but in fact most of them　　　　． 　　　 A. have much difficulty understanding each other 　　　 B. lack confidence 　　　 C. dare not cope with any problems alone 　　　 D. are very much afraid of getting lost 　　13. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？ 　　　 A. There is no popularity that really counts. 　　　 B. Many parents think that their children are challenging their authority. 　　　 C. It is not necessarily bad for a teenager to disagree with his or her classmates. 　　　 D. Most teenagers are actually doing the same. 58en 　　14. The author thinks 　　　　of advertisements as to teenagers. 　　　 A. inevitable 　　　 B. influential 　　　 C. instructive 　　　 D. attractive 　　15. The main idea of the last paragraph is that a teenager should　　　　 . 　　　 A. differ from others in as many ways as possible 　　　 B. become popular with others 　　　 C. find his real self 　　　 D. rebel against his parents and the popularity wave Part II Vocabulary and Structure （30 %） 　　Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 　　16. The man has a special talent for art and is　　　　of a musician. 　　　 A. anybody 　　　 B. anything 　　　 C. somebody 　　　 D. something 　　17. I know Jonathan quite well and never doubt 　　　　he can do a good job of it. 　　　 A. whether 　　　 B. what 　　　 C. when 　　　 D. what 　　18. How many more decades will have to pass 　　　　scientists succeed in providing a cure for cancer？ 　　　 A. when 　　　 B. before 　　　 C. since 　　　 D. until 　　19. The engineer is not happy with the project, and　　　　 is her boss. 　　　 A. neither 　　　 B. so 　　　 C. Wither 　　　 D. as 　　20. 　　　　 for a long time, but he tried his best to catch up with his classmates. 　　　 A. Having been ill 　　　 B. Being ill 　　　 C. Tough he was ill 　　　 D. He was ill 　　21. How close parents are to their children　　　　a strong influence on the development of the children's character. 　　　 A. have 　　　 B. has 　　　 C. having 　　　 D. had 　　22. He changed his name,　　　　that nobody would find out what he had done before. 　　　 A. having thought 　　　 B. to think 　　　 C. thinks 　　　 D. thinking 　　23. There is so much work　　　　today. Would you be kind enough to lend me a hand？ 　　　 A. having done 　　　 B. to be done 　　　 C. being done 　　　 D. will be done 　　24. By no means　　　　to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn't convenient for her family and herself. 　　　 A. Jane will agree 　　　 B. will Jane agree 　　　 C. Jane will disagree 　　　 D. will Jane disagree 　　25. You can,　　　　the sky is clear, see as far as the old temple on top of the mountain, but not today. 　　　 A. when 　　　 B. where 　　　 C. though 　　　 D. because 　　26. With everything she needed　　　　,she went out of the shop,with her hands full of shopping bags. 　 　　A. bought 　　　 B. to buy 　　　 C. buying 　　　 D. buy 　　27. Having taken our seats,　　　　． 　　　 A. the professor began the lecture 　　　 B. the lecture began in no time 　　　 C. we were attracted by the lecturer immediately 　 　　D. the bell announced the beginning of the lecture 　　28. In recent years many football clubs 　　　　as business to make a profit. 　　　 A. have run 　　　 B. have been run 　　　 C. had been run 　　　 D. will run 　　29. After 15 years in the United States, he has finally decided to　　　　American citizenship. 　 　　A. concentrate on 　　　 B. apply for 　　　 C. look out for 　　　 D. appeal on 　　30. It is well known that teaching is a job,　　　　enough patience. 　 　　A. calling on 　　　 B. calling off 　　　 C. calling for 　　　 D. calling in 　　31. Surely it doesn't matter where the clubs get their money； what　　　　is what they do with it. 　　　 A. counts 　　　 B. applies 　　　 C. stresses 　　　 D. functions 　　32. I didn't expect to receive a postcard from you！ It's really　　　　my wildest imagination. 　 　　A. behind 　　　 B. beyond 　　　 C. except 　　　 D. through 　　33. It doesn't make 　　　　to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. 　 　　A. sense 　　　 B. opinion 　 　　C. use 　　　 D. program 　　34. The task is too much for me, so I can't carry on　　　　any longer. I must get some help. 　 　　A. singly 　　　 B. simply 　 　　C. alone 　　　 D. lonely 　　35. Americans eat　　　　　vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. 　　　 A. more than twice 　　　 B. as twice as many 　　　 C. twice as many 　　　 D. more than twice as many 　　36. The two girls are getting on very well and share　　　　with each other. 　　　 A. little 　　　 B. much 　 　　C. some 　　　 D. none 　　37. The taxi driver was put in 　　　　 prison because his car had knocked down a child. His wife went to　　　　prison to see him twice a month. 　　　 A.　/； / 　　　 B. the； the 　　　 C.　/； the 　　　 D. the； / 　　38. Without my glasses I can hardly　　　　 what has been written in the letter. 　　　 A. make for 　　　 B. make up 　　　 C. make out 　　　 D. make over 　　39. Her heart 　　　　faster when she entered the exam hall. A. jumped 　　　 B. sank 　　　 C. beat 　　　 D. hit 　　40. Would you mind keeping a（n）　　　　on the house for us while we are away？ 　　　 A. eye 　　　 B/look 　　　 C. hand 　　　 D. view 　　41. I am afraid that his phone number has slipped my　　　　for the moment. 　　　 A. head 　　　 B. brain 　　　 C. mind 　　　 D. sense 　　42. It was the wealth of the　　　　pioneer landowner John Harvard that made Harvard University possible. 　　　 A. precious 　　　 B. curious 　　　 C. anxious 　　　 D. prosperous 　　43. I am not sure whether we can give the right advice　　　　emergency. 　　　 A. on account of 　　　 B. in case of 　　　 C. at the risk of 　　　 D. in spite of 　　44. Vingo was released from prison　　　　the successful efforts of his friends to prove his innocence. 　　　 A. according to 　　　 B. as a result of 　　　 C. for reasons of 58英语网 　　　 D. with the help of 　　45. Some of the meat came from Canada. How about　　　　？ 　　　 A. another 　　　 B. the other 　　　 C. others 　　　 D. the rest 　　Part III Identification （10 %）（为方便排版，特意将挑错题改为以下格式，请见谅！） 　　Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underline parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 　　46. After（A） her two-week vacation was over (B), Dorothy regretted to spend (C) so much money for so little pleasure.(D)　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　47. Don't make (A)Helen's remarks too seriously (B). She is so upset (C) that I don't think she really knows what she is saying (D).　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　48. Workers newly arrive (A) from the south or (B)rural areas perform their job differently (C) from those from other sections (D) of the city. 　　49. While (A) remembered(B) mainly for the invention (C) of the telephone,Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to help (D) the deaf. 58en.com 　　50. A (A)container weighs (B) more after air is put in (C), it (D) proves that air has weight. 　　51. The young man, to make (A)several attempts to beat (B) the world record in high jumping, decided (C) to have another try.(D) 　　52. Of (A)the two coats, I'd choose (B) the cheapest (C) one to spare some money for (D) a book. 　　53. The protection of (A)our environment is (B) not nothing (C) to be left to the government. Everyone should be concerned (D). 　　54. There are (A) moments in life where(B) you miss someone so much that (C) you just want to (D) pick them up from dreams and hug them for real. 　　55. None of (A) us had the final say (B) in this matter, and therefore (C) it was recommended that we waited (D)for the authorities. 　　Part IV Cloze （10 %） 　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 　　Conversation begins almost the moment we come into contact with another and continues throughout the day　　56　　　　the aid of cell phones and computers. However, we am so often absorbed in conversation that we　　57　　sight of its true purpose and value. 　　One important　　58　　of a good conversation is that the words are 　　59 　　used to express thoughts and feelings. We are　　60　　deep thoughts and strong emotions, yet our vocabularies are not　　61　　for this expression, and many . 62 little effort to expand that. Perhaps you see a movie that　　63　　. you deeply, yet you have the following 　　conversation: So, what did you think of the film？ Oh, my God, it was so sad, I swear. I went through 　　64　　a box of tissues（面巾纸）。 I was in tears. This dialogue is　　65　　an effective way of expressing feelings. It gives no　　66　　of how or why the movie truly　　67　　you. Such commonly-used phrases are certainly not enough to describe a deeply moving experience. However, not only　　68 　　try to avoid overused words, you must　　69　　be careful in your selection. The purpose of expanding vocabulary is not to use the　　70　　or most impressive words, but to find those best suited. 58英语，学位考试专题 　　What is lacking in many conversations is the ability to talk to another rather than just talking with that person. A 　　71　　person will find that even in the most ordinary conversations. There are a thousand questions　　72　　to be asked if you have courage and a desire for exchange. Good conversations should not be　　73　　nonsense, but of a meeting of two　　74　　the human condition. It should bring a better understanding of others and offer a release of emotions more than drive away　　75　　thoughts or kill time, 56. A. with B. at C. under D. for 　　57. A. miss B. have C. win D. lose 　　58. A. issue B. aspect C. problem D, question 　　59. A. funny B. careful C. only D. properly 　　60. A. lack of B. short of C. fond of D. full of 　　61. A. short B. much C. enough D. bad 　　62, A. take B. get C. make D. try 　　63. A. teaches B. touches C. pushes D. directs 　　64. A. using up B. to use C. used up D. using off 　　65. A. partly B. actually C. hardly D. truly 　　66. A. fact B. model C. pattern D. sign 　　67. A. affected B. infects C. affects D. infected 　　68. A. you will B. must you C. you must D. will you 　　69. A. too B. never C. yet D. also 　　70. A. bigger B. biggest C. big D. important 　　71. A. careless B. thoughtful C. efficient D. able 　　72. A. waiting B. wait C. waited D. waits 　　73. A. make up for B. made up of 　　　 C. make up of D. made up for 　　74. A. are sharing B. shared C. sharing D. shares 　　75. A. unpleasant B. pleasant C. clever D. happy 　　Part V Translation （20 %） 　　Section A 　　Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context. 　　76. Much unfriendly feelings towards computers has been based on the fear of widespread unemployment resulting from their introduction. 　　77. After the new system has sealed down, people in non-computer jobs are not always replaced when they leave, resulting in a decrease in the number of employees. 　　78. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins. 　　79. It used to distress large numbers of Eastern peoples who lived mainly on rice. 　　80. It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. 　　Section B 　　Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly. 　　81、每当听到这首歌时，我就会想起你。 　　82、由于很多学生缺席，我们不得不将会议延期。 　　83、他们5年前搬走了，但我们还保持着联系。 　　84、每当听到这首歌时，我就会想起你。 　　85、在得到很多细节前，我想避免跟他说话。