四肢骨.

nullSection 1 The Bones of LimbsSection 1 The Bones of LimbsnullComposition:Bones of upper limbBones of Lower LimbShould girdle : clavicle，scapulaBones of free upper limb：Humerus,Radius,ulna,Carpal, metacarpals, phalangesPelvic girdle : hip boneBones of free lower limb：Femur,patella,Tibia, fibula、Tarsals,metatarsals,phalanges一、Bones of upper limbs一、Bones of upper limbsShould girdle : clavicle，scapulaBones of free upper limb: Humerus Radius ulna bones of hand（一）Should girdle acromial endSternal end“S” shaped, medial 2/3 convex forward and lateral 1/3 convex backward.（一）Should girdle 1．clavicle2．ScapulaSuperior bordersubscapular fossaSuperior angleInferior angleaxillary borderLateral anglevertebral bordersupraspinous fossaeinfraspinous fossae2．Scapulanullsupraspinous fossaecoracoid process acromionglenoid cavityinfraspinous fossaesubscapular fossaspine of scapula scapular notch supraglenoid tubercles infraglenoid tubercles （二）Bones of free upper limbhead of humerusgreater tubercleslesser tuberclessurgical neckgroove for radial nervemedial epicondylescapitulumlateral epicondyleolecranon fossasulcus for ulnar nerve trochleacrests of greater tuberclelesser tuberclesintertubercular grooveanatomical neckcoranoid fossa radial fossa （二）Bones of free upper limb1．Humerus2．Radiusolecranontrochlear notchstyloid process coronoid process ulnar tubersityhead of ulna 环状关节面radial notch interosseous border2．Radius3．Radiushead of radiusstyloid process radial tuberosity articular foveaarticular circumferenceulnar notchneck of radiuscarpal articular surfaceinterosseous border3．Radius4．bones of handMetacarpal bones distal phalanx middle phalanxproximalphalanxCarpal bones （8）、Metacarpal bones（5）and Phalanges of fingers （14）4．bones of handnulllunatetriquetralcapitatepisiformhamatescaphoidtrapeziumtrapezoid舟月三角豆 大小头状钩二、Bones of Lower Limb二、Bones of Lower LimbPelvic girdle : hip boneBones of free lower limb： Femur patella Tibia fibula bones of foot（一）Pelvic girdle ：Consisting of three fused bones, ilium, ischium, pubisacetabulumobturator foramen acetabular fossaacetabular notchiliumpubisischium（一）Pelvic girdle 1． hip bonenullauricular surface iliac crest anterior superior iliac spine arcuate lineanterior inferior iliac spine posterior inferior iliac spine posterior superior iliac spine iliac tuberosity tubercle of iliac crestiliac fossa gluteal surface Body of ilium Ala of ilium iliumnullpecten of pubis pubic tubercle symphysial surfaceBody of pubis Superior ramus of pubis Inferior ramus of pubispubic crest iliopubic eminence pubisnullGreater er sciatic notchischial spinelesser sciatic notch ischial tuberosity Body of ischium Ramus of ischium ischium（二）Bones of free lower limbfemoral headfovea of femoral head neck of femur lesser trochanter linea aspera gluteal tuberosity medial condyleslateral condylesintercondylar fossagreater trochanter intertrochanteric crest intertrochanteric line （二）Bones of free lower limb1． Femur2．PatellaBase of patellaApex of patellaArticular surface2．Patella3．focileTibiaFibulafibular head neck of fibula lateral malleolus lateral condyles medial condyles intercondylar eminence tuberosity of tibiamedial malleolus fibular notchfibular articular surface soleal line 3．focile4．bones of footcalcaneustalusnavicular bone cuneiformsMetatarsal bones Phalanges of toes cuboid bone Consist of Tarsal bones (7)Metatarsal bones (5)Phalanges of toes (14)4．bones of foot内中外楔骰内舟 距上跟下后出头