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英语六级翻译练习

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英语六级翻译练习2009年6月英语六级真题(A卷) 2009年6月英语六级真题(A卷) 1._______________ (通过体育锻炼),we can always stay healthy. 2.According to the scientific research , _____________ (听音乐能使我们放松).Is this really true? 3.______________ (我们绝对不能)ignore the value of knowledge. 4.As is known to all, _________...
英语六级翻译练习
2009年6月英语六级真题(A卷) 2009年6月英语六级真题(A卷) 1._______________ (通过体育锻炼),we can always stay healthy. 2.According to the scientific research , _____________ (听音乐能使我们放松).Is this really true? 3.______________ (我们绝对不能)ignore the value of knowledge. 4.As is known to all, ______________ (假冒伪劣商品)harm the interests of consumers. 5.Faced with failure,some people can stand up to it, _____________ (从失败中汲取教训)and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. 答案解析 1. By taking exercises 解析:通过锻炼,我们可以保持健康。其实这题答案不止一个。“锻炼”可以用名词也可以用动词短语。“通过”可以用by表示方式,through表示途径。 By taking exercises /Through exercises。往往by用于“by + doing”,而through后接名词哦。 2. listening to music enables us to feel relaxed 解析:“听音乐”在句中作主语,“听”应当处理成动名词形式。“能使我们放松”很多同学会采用 can make us feel relaxed的结构。其实,enable就有“能够使某人……”的含义,注意enable sb. to do 的表达。 3. On no account can we 解析:本题是强调语气,强调“决不能”,所以联想到on no account ,by no means,at no time,in no case等。不管用哪一个,都要注意它们是含有否定的意味的,因此在置于句首时应使用倒装语序。 4. fake and inferior commodities 解析:“假冒伪劣商品”包含两层含义:一是假货,二是次品,在翻译成英文的时候应该注意两层含义的正确译法。“假冒”不能用false而应选择fake,“次品”可以说inferior表示质量差,也可以用commodity of low quality。 5. draw useful lessons from it 解析:句意为:面对失败,有的人能够顽强抵抗,从中吸取教训,努力实现他们的目标。本句由三个并列的谓语成分构成,谓语动词分别是stand up to“汲取”和try。“汲取教训”正确表达为draw a lesson from。然而我们又能从全句判断,从失败中吸取教训是为了将来能够更好地实现目标,因此加上修饰语useful,使更明确。 翻译技巧: 1) 分句法 把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子,使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。或干脆把原文的一个句子拆开,译成两个或两个以上的句子。 例1 八月中旬,修理组人员在骄阳下工作。 译文: It was in mid-August and the repair section operated under the blazing sun.(一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句) 例2 他为人单纯而坦率。 译文: He was very clean.His mind was open. (一个单句拆分成两个简单句了) 例3 The mother might have spoken with understandable pride of her child. 译文: 母亲谈到她的孩子时,也许有自豪感,这是可以理解的。(形容词被拆开) 例4 I wrote four books in the first three years ,a record never touched before. 译文: 我头三年写了四本,打破了以往的。(名词短语拆开) 2)合句法 把原文中两个或以上的简单句,主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。 例5 她已试了好几次,要帮他们另找一所出租的房子,结果并未成功。 译文:She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success.(多个简单句合成一个单句) 例6 他们有遵守交通规则,机器出了故障。 译文:His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery.(并列复合句合成一个单句) 例7 When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite. 译文:我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。(主从复合句合成一个单句) 2009年6月英语四六级作文预测三篇 1._______________ (他们没有去游泳),they went to play football that day. 2.There is no doubt that _____________ (需求的增长导致了价格的上涨). 3.He cannot win a good reputation,______________ (因为他多嘴多舌). 4.We have reasons to believe that, ______________ (一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们). 5.There are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society,______________ (但是只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人)can make use of them to achieve purpose. 【答案and解析】 1. Instead of going swimming 解析:原文中"没有"并不一定要对应成didn't,这里我们可以使用instead of,使译文简洁明了,合乎英语习惯。采用正译法,用英语不带否定词的表达来代替中文的"没有去"。从本题及Exercise Two中的第二题我们可以得出结论:汉译英时,可以灵活变换句型,充分利用英语的否定或半否定语气的词语或结构,以便使译句符合英语习惯。从另一角度看,后半句英语没有出现表示转折含义的连接词(如but),因此They didn't go swimming也是不成立的,不符合句法规范。 2. the increase in demand resulted in /caused the rise in prices 解析:考生要注意分清result from 和result in的区别。result from指be caused by(由......产生),是指原因;result in指cause,lead to(导致......),是指结果。本题还有一个考点就是:做翻译时,应尽量照顾并行结构的前后一致,如:the increase in demand and the rise in prices。 3. because he has a loose tongue 解析:"多嘴多舌"显然有gossip的意思。因此我们在翻译时应先挖掘其深层含义,再用适当的英文表达出来。答案because he has a loose tongue看起来与原文并不对应,但却形象地讲内涵表达了出来。其他类似的翻译还有:a bitter tongue(刻薄嘴);a long tongue(快嘴);a rough tongue(粗鲁话);a sharp tongue(言语尖刻);a silver tongue(流利的口才);a smooth tongue(油嘴滑舌)。 4. we would have a better and brighter future 解析:本题意为:我们有理由相信,一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们。句子需填入部分特别容易被译成:a better and brighter future waits for us。这是因为受到了中文母语的干扰,思维被中文的语序牵着跑。如果这样译的话就会导致前后半句的主语发生转换,前面是we,后面是the future。这种转换在英文里就会显得非常突兀,不符合英文表达习惯。因此我们可以在汉译英稍作变通,将前后主语统一为"we"。本题还有一点考生要留意的是,是否能分清wait和await的使用区别。两者都表示"等待",wait是不及物动词,必须后接介词for;await是及物动词,可以后接人。 5. but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly 解析:本句考生特别容易译成:the prepared and the qualified。定冠词the加上形容词可以表示某一类人。the prepared and the qualified就指代"作了准备的人"和"有资格的人",但遗漏了原文中的"充分"和"高度"。由于原句的修饰部分内容很多,因此不适宜用"the +形容词"的结构来指代某一类人。对于这种情况我们可以采用"某一类人+后置定语"的。这样答案就是but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly。全句的意思是:在我们的社会里,人人都有许多机遇,但是只有那些作好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的。 1. In the old society,five hundred million careworn people _________________ (生活在水深火热之中). 2. We think it most important that _______________(理论与实际相结合). 3. _____________(不论晴雨),we'll have to go tomorrow. 4.This is ________________(正是要找的人)we are looking for. 5. Their income is ________________(一般家庭的3~5倍). 6. _________________(我没有买到一张好票)for yesterday's movie. 7. It's confirmed that _______________(铁路将延伸到我们村子). 8. The new manager of our company _____________(有很强的事业心). 9. When I walked past his house,________________(我听见他在弹钢琴). 10. ________________(学生们应该从这里得出一条经验):Don't be misled by false appearances. 【答案and解析】 1. were plunged into a dire suffering 解析:本题考查考生基本词汇量和短语的掌握情况。"水深火热"在英文中没有一个对等词,所以要采用意译法。可以接受的译法有:a dire suffering,an abyss of suffering,extreme misery。Be plunged into表示"使......陷入,使......遭受",如:plunge a country into war(使一个国家陷入战争);plunge sb. into deep sorrow(使某人陷入深深的悲痛之中)。另外,前半句中careworn意为"受折磨的,饱经忧患的"。 2. theory be combined with practice 解析:be combined with...是固定搭配,意为"与......相结合"。Be connected with是指"将......连起来",在含义上有所差别。其次,句首用了We think it most important that句型,暗示从句要用虚拟语气,should可以省略。 3. Rain or shine 解析:本题考查固定用法"不论......",英语用...or...来表达。如:Winter or summer,that lady always wears a long black gown.(不论夏冬,那个老妇人总是穿一身黑色长袍。)类似的表达还有:better or worse,good or evil,sink or swim,men or women,old or young。 4. no other than the man 解析:本题考查采用反译法翻译,以加强语气,取得较好的修辞效果。No other than强调了那个人就是我们要找的。这句话也可以译成This is just the man we are looking for,但强调的语气就显得要弱一些。此外,no other than要和other than区别开来。如:There's nobody here other than me.(这里除了我没别人。) 5. three to five times that of ordinary households 解析:本题考查数的表达。考生要学会用"倍数+the size (length,volume) of...","...倍数+that of (what it was)..."的句型进行倍数的表达。Household是个集合词,表示家庭,如:average household(中等家庭);multiperson household(多人口家庭);peasant household(农户)。"家务"叫做household affairs。 6. I didn't buy a good seat 解析:题中"好票"是一个干扰项,是典型的汉语表达。"没有买到一张好票"实际上是说"没有买到好座位",因此不能译成I didn't buy a good ticket。 7. the railway will be extended to our village 解析:本题考查英语被动语态的翻译。虽然原中文句给出了主动语态,但在这里主动语态表示被动含义。因为铁路不可能自己延伸,延伸铁路的必定是人。再如:这个问题已经解决了。(The problem has been solved.) 8. is a man of great enterprise 解析:本题也有很强的干扰性。考生易译成has a strong heart of career,这种翻译看起来与中文对应,实际上不能被接受,而且完全背离了原文的意思。"很强的事业心"有自己固定说法:sb. of great enterprise,也可以说成:be self-motivated ịand result-oriented。 9. I heard him playing the piano 解析:本题是对基本的考查。我们知道,感官的动词hear,see,watch等有两种接续形式:一个是后接现在分词,一个是后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。接现在分词表示动作正在进行中;接不带to的不定式表示动作已经完成。根据题意,应该选择第一种翻译。 10. Students should draw a lesson here 解析:本题意为:学生们应该从这里得出一条经验:不要被假象所迷惑。看到"经验"一词,大多考生会反应出experience,但根据全句意思可知,"经验"两字在这里并不是指取得成功之后所积累的经验,而是指从错误和失败中得出的教训。Lesson表示教训、惩戒、训诫等,在译文中能准确传递原文的内涵。 1. It's believed that mixed-ability teaching can _______________(促使他们知识的积累和经历的丰富)。   2. We _______________(使我们的行为符合别人的)based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation。   3. The class are very active. They ________________(争先恐后地回答问题)。   4. Oxygen is ________________(一种能和许多物质化合的气体)。   5. Mr. Smith is ________________(这次事故的目击者之一)。 答案解析 1. enrich their knowledge and experience   解析:本题考查合译法,"积累"与"丰富"可以共用一个英语动词enrich,而enrich的前缀en-有"使.....。(怎么样)"的含义,如:encircle(圈住);endanger(使危险);enfranchise(使自治)。因此,"促使"可以省略不译。本句如果译成can cause the accumulation of their knowledge and the abundance of their experience也没有错,但行文复杂。六级汉译英虽然没有具体的字数要求,考生也应该在准确翻译的前提下尽量使语言精炼。   2. fit our actions to those of other people   解析:本题意为:我们是基于一贯的评价和理解来使我们的行为符合别人的。"使.....。符合"可以直接用动词fit,而本句最容易出错的地方在于如何理解"别人的",实际上,"别人的"是"别人的行为"省略。但是在翻译成英语时必须补齐"行为"才能避免意思含混。因此,不能译成fit our actions to other people。   3. vie with each other in answering questions   解析:本题考查固定短语"争先恐后"可以译成strive to be the first或vie with each other,vie是不及物动词,一般与with连用,表示"与某人竞争做某事"。另外,本题The class are very active的集合名词class指代班级成员因而谓语用复数。如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数,如:This class is very large. It consists of 90 students。   4. a gas which unites with many substances   解析:本题主要考查"物质"的词义辨析。matter和substance侧重抽象的物质或某一事件;substance指某种质地、形体、特征或重要性的东西,侧重某个实体,如:a mineral substance(矿物);Salt is a substance we use in cooking。(盐是我们做菜时用的东西。)   5. one of those who have witnessed the accident   解析:本题考查句型be one of... 与be the only one of..。的辨析。但one前面有the only修饰时,从句中的谓语动词用单数,如:She is the only one of the girls who shows special aptitude in singing dancing。(她是这些女孩子中唯一在歌舞方面有特长的人。) 1. He works _______________(在倒数第二个办公室). 2. The beauty of the lake is _______________(难以用语言形容). 3. ________________(一个人如果关在家里),a person can't know much about the world. 4. _______________(完成作业后),they went to the library. 5. I found him ________________(被打得青一块紫一块). 【翻译答案】 1. in the last office but one 解析:but经常与表示最高级的形容词或first,next,last等同连用,如:Some people say this nation is the cleverest but one in the whole world.(有人说,这个民族在全世界范围内聪明才智排第二。)She was the last but one to come.(她是倒数第二个来的。) 2. beyond description 解析:比起译文not easy to describe in words,cannot be described by words,答案的译文显然要精妙得多。beyond用作介词时可以表示exceeding,out the reach of,即:超出(理解、范围、眼界)之上。如:This passage is beyond my comprehension.(这篇文章超出了我的理解力。)I won’t buy your radio set beyond my offer.(只要超出我出的价钱,我就不买你这台收音机。) 3. Kept within houses 解析:过去分词短语作状语表示条件,相当于一个条件状语从句。Kept within houses要比If a person was kept within houses更简洁明了,且可以避免前后句person的重复。请看下例:Given more time, I can also do it.(如果给我足够时间,我也可以做此事。)过去分词短语还可以作原因状语、时间状语、伴随状语等。考生应注意复习。如: Influenced by his ideas, she joined the revolution too.(作原因状语) Heated,ice changes into water.(作条件状语) He went there with great hope,but returned greatly disappointed.(表伴随状况) 4. Having finished their homework 解析:我们知道,现在分词在句中可以表示原因、时间、条件、结果等。本题考查了现在分词短语作时间状语的用法。由后半句可知,“完成作业”发生在“他们去图书馆”之前,因此,现在分词短语需要用完成时态。如果分词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,就用一般式,如:Seeing the picture,he couldn’t help thinking of her. (一看到照片,他就禁不住想起她。) 5. beaten black and blue 解析:本题考点有二:一是如何表达习语“青一块紫一块”;二是过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。过去分词作宾语补足语改为被动语态时,可以省略to be,尤其是在like,want,order,wish后,如:I wish him driven away. = I wish him to be driven away。换成被动语态后就是:He is wished (to be ) driven away. 1. The murderer deserves _______________(被绞死). 2. _______________(他们来帮忙)encouraged me. 3. I was sorry ________________(没看上这部电影). 4. In this night,if we can make good use of time,_______________(当然毫无疑问地我们会成功). 5. The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other hand,the public also should ________________(培养减少污染的好习惯). 【翻译答案】 1. hanging/ to be hanged 解析:本题既可以用V-ing也可以用动词不定式。除deserve外,need,require,want后也可以跟主动语态的动名词,但含义却是被动的。如:Your windows need cleaning.(你的窗户需要擦。)His story requires investigating.(他说的话需要调查核实。)Your shoes want polishing.(你的鞋需要擦。)与这类用法很类似的是形容词worth后接动名词,其含义也属于被动。如:Your method is worth trying.(你的办法值得一试。)The novel is worth reading.(这本小说值得一读。) 2. Their coming to help 解析:原中文句是一个完整的"主、谓、宾"结构,但这种汉语语法结构按照字面直接译成英语They came to help的话,就不符合英语语法规范,因为后半句已经出现了谓语动词encouraged,所以这里我们要采用词性转译法,把"他们来帮忙"处理成动名词作主语的形式。其实,还有一种方法是把"他们来帮忙"处理成that引导的主语从句That they came to help,在句子作主语。 3. to have missed this film 解析:本题考查了反译法和不定式完成时的用法。"没看上这部电影,所以我才感到遗憾",因此动作发生在谓语动词之前,所以要用完成时态。如果用正译法将句子需填入部分译成not to have seen this film就不符合英语表达习惯,没有答案的效果好。 4. there can surely be no doubt that we will succeed 解析:in this light是一个惯用表达,意思是"这样说来";make good use of指"善用时间"。如果将原文译成there can be no doubt that we would succeed,就只将"毫无疑问"译了出来,却没能体现"当然"。那么在there can结构中"当然"应该放在什么位置呢?通常surely/ certainly都放在情态动词之后,系动词之前。注意:"成功"也可以说get somewhere;反之,不成功、一事无成、毫无进展就用get nowhere。如:The new policy will get the company nowhere.(新的政策将使公司前途晦暗。) 5. develop the good habit of reducing pollution 解析:本题考查词义辨析。"培养"的英文对应词是cultivate,但cultivate是指通过犁地等来耕作土地或指对人的养育、培育,如:to cultivate a love of art(培养对艺术的爱好);to cultivate a new generation(培育新一代)。句中的意思是说,政府应严格执法,另一方面,大众也应该养成减少污染的好习惯。"习惯"是要大众自己养成的,而不是说大众要培养什么其他人,所以应用develop这个词,表示逐渐形成,使行为朝着某一特定目标发展。 1. We'll be all right _______________(只要我们能到达下一个加油站). 2. Seeing these pictures _______________(让我想到了我的童年时代). 3. We all know the fact that ________________(他们已使工厂现代化). 4. It is quite clear that _______________(整个计划注定要失败). 5. All the lights in this building ________________(都受这个开关的控制). 【翻译答案】 1. if only we can get to the next petrol-station 解析:本题"只要"不能用as long as,as long as保留时间方面的含义,它引导的条件句中的谓语动词通常是延续动词或系动词,如:I'll let you use the room as long as you keep it clean.(只要你能保持房间清洁,我就让你用这个房间。)如果条件句中的谓语动词表示短暂性的动作,最好用if only。本句中"到达"就是一个瞬间动词,因此不选用as long as。 2. reminded me of my own childhood 解析:一般说来,"让某人做某事"是祈使句,多用make sb. do/ let sb. do的句型。但题中情况较特殊。按英文表达习惯,使某人想起某事要用remind sb. of sth.的结构。如:The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.(这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。)This reminded her of college days.(这使她回想起了大学里的日子。)remember指"记住、牢记",与remind...of有区别。 3. they have modernized their factories 解析:本题考查that引导同位语从句。The fact是先行词,指代后半句整个内容,"他们已使工厂现代化"是对先行词的补充。 4. the whole project is doomed to failure/fail 解析:that-从句作主语通常用it作形式主语,而将that-从句置于句末。如:It is a pity that you should have to leave.(你非走不可真是件憾事。)另外,"注定......"是一个固定搭配,be doomed to通常后接名词或不定式,如:The prisoner was doomed to death.(囚犯被判处死刑。)His dogmatism is doomed to put him into isolation.(他的独断专行注定使他陷入孤立。) 5. are controlled by this switch 解析:本题翻译并不难,但考查了"by+执行者"在句中的用法。我们知道,"by+执行者"结构表示被动,通常在句中可以省略。但在以下几种场合必须翻译出来。第一,当执行者指艺术家、发明家、发现者、革新者等的专有名词时,如:The Last Dinner was painted by Da Vinci.(《最后的晚餐》是达芬奇画的)。第二,当执行者是非确定性名词短语时。如:While the boy was walking on the road,he was robbed of his bread by an old man.(那个男孩在路上行走时,他的面包被一老人抢去。)本题所考查的正是第三种;当执行者是非生物性名词短语时。 1.The doctor _______________(建议用一种新药来治疗这种病). 2. The two parties differ very sharply from each other _______________(在采取正确的补救办法的问题上). 3. An average student with average intelligence can be a top student ________________(只要仔细安排他/她的时间). 4. _______________(让世界发展如此之快的)is the modern science ⛰ꙹ忈媸麉丝먖http://www.hjbbs.com/©版权所有沪江网먖丝麉媸忈ꙹ⛰and technology. 5. A student must treasure his time and ________________(吸收尽可能多的知识)to lay a solid foundation for his future career. 【翻译答案】 1. suggests treating the case with a new drug 解析:考生容易将此句"治疗"翻译成cure,cure强调"治疗、治愈,侧重治疗效果",如:The doctor used special medicines to cure him of the measles.(医生用特效药治愈了麻疹。)而treat强调医治的过程,后接sb.或sth.作宾语。另外,"建议做某事"通常可以用句型"suggest doing"或"suggest that"从句。 2. over the correct remedies to apply 解析:首先要看到differ...from的结构,它表示"和......不同","与......在某方面不同"要用differ...from...over/on/upon...。"问题"是范畴词,不需要译成over the question of the correct remedies to apply以避免累赘。考生要注意比较differ from与differ with的差别。differ with是说"不同意......的意见",相当于disagree with,如:I differ with him on that point,though he may be right.(在那一点上,我不同意他的意见,尽管他可能是对的。) 3. if he plans his/her time carefully 解析:本题考查代词在人称、数、性上的一致性。全句意为:一个中等智力水平的学生只要安排他/她的时间也能成为优等生。Student是单数,但无法确定名词的性,因此条件句中可用阳性或阴性。 4. What makes the world develop so fast 解析:根据句子各部分语法功能判断,我们在这里需要的是一个主语,因此必须将需填入部分译成what引导的主语从句,全句意思为"什么让世界发展如此之快--是现代科技"。 5. absorb as much knowledge as he can 解析:本句意为:学生应该珍惜宝贵时间并吸收尽可能多的知识以便为将来事业打下坚实的基础。"吸收"可选用absorb,drink in,take in."尽可能多的"译为as many as或as much as,具体要看句中名词是可数还是不可数。lay a foundation for表示"为......打下基础"。 1. ______________(除非你和保险公司签订货物保险合同),you are not entitled to a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery. 2. ______________(据报道,这个地方卫生组织25年前就成立了)when Dr. Mark became its first president. 3. Mrs. Smith shut the window lest ______________(外面的噪音会影响她儿子的睡眠). 4. The new mayor was charged ______________(未能履行他降低通货膨胀率的承诺). 5. _____________(每当遇到这类问题时,我的大脑就一片空白),and I can hardly remember my own date of birth. 【翻译答案】 1. Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods 解析:本题考查对连词unless用法的掌握。unless表示"除非......否则",相当于"if...not",常用于引导条件状语从句。 2. It is reported that the local health organization was established 25 years ago/The local health organization is reported to have been established 25 years ago 解析:本题考查形式主语it及被动语态的用法。It is reported that...意为"据报道......",it为形式主语,后面的that从句为句子的真正主语,表示"卫生组织成立"应该用被动语态。另外,本句也可以直接用报道的对象the local health organization充当主语,原来从句中的谓语动词转换成相应的不定式的完成式。 3. the noise outside (should) interfere with her son's sleep 解析:本题考查对虚拟语气和短语interfere with的掌握。连词lest(以免),for fear that(唯恐,恐怕)和in case(万一)引起的从句中谓语动词常使用虚拟语气,其形式为"should+动词原形",should可省略。interfere with意为"打扰妨碍(某事)"。 4. with failure to fulfill his promise to decrease the inflation rate 解析:本题考查charge的搭配以及其他一些短语的用法。Charge sb. with sth.意为"以某事指控或控告某人",另外accuse...(of)也表示"指控或控告",注意不同的介词搭配。Failure(fail) to do sth.常用于表示"未能做成某事",本句中是跟在介词with后面,所以用名词failure。 5. When confronted with such questions,my mind goes blank 解析:本题考查对短语be confronted with及单词blank的掌握。Be confronted with sb./sth.表示"面对、面临某人或某事",go blank常用于表示"(思想或大脑)变得空白、呆滞"。 1.They are going to _______________(紧急情况时调动军队). 2. Swimming in the sea _______________(有助于增进体力和毅力). 3. They called on Black people to ________________(反对征召黑人青年当兵). 4. _______________(她表现出了很强的自制力)when they told her the news. 5. He is said to ________________(一直在工作而不是一直在学习)in the U.S.A. 【翻译答案】 1. mobilize the army in an emergency 解析:本题主要考查词语选择。"调动"可以选用mobilize或remove,"紧急情况时"作条件状语,可选用in an emergency,at an urgent time,under urgent circumstances等。 2. helps to build up both physical strength and willpower 解析:本题着重考查词语的使用。"有助于"常用搭配为:help to do,"增进"可选用动词enhance或短语build up,"体力"是physical strength,"毅力"不能译成mental strength,它是指为实现某一愿望而坚持不懈,因此willpower更恰当。另外,swimming in the sea是动名词作主语,当指代某件事情时,谓语动词要用单数。 3. to oppose the drafting of Black youth 解析:"征召......当兵"在英文里没有一个完全对等的短语,但有一个词draft本身就有"征召入兵"的含义。The drafting of sb.表示"征召某人入伍"。black指颜色黑的,但如果指黑色人种就要大写Black。"反对"在英文里可以说object或oppose,但object指一般的"反对",特别是瞬间的突然反对,如:Do you object to my smoking here?(你反对我在这儿抽烟吗?)oppose是指经过熟虑或有重大理由对某一倾向、行为极度不满而极力反对,因此本句用oppose更合适。 4. She displayed great self-control 解析:本句意为:当她被告知这一消息时表现出很强的自制力。关键是"表现"英文对应词的选择。除display外,show,represent,exhibit和短语put up也有表示展现某种能力的含义。self-control本身就是指自制能力,不需要刻板译成self-control ability。这里采用了省译法。 5. have been working instead of studying 解析:本题考查不定式完成进行时态的用法。不定式完成进行时表示截止到谓语动作发生之时不定式动作从过去某一时刻开始一直在进行的动作。本句还采用了合译法,用instead of巧妙地连接了两个并列成分。 1. Generally speaking,______________(按照说明服用时),the drug has no side effect. 2. Being out of work and having two young children, ______________(夫妻俩发现勉强维持生计是不可能的). 3. Some people argue that most crime ______________(可归咎于对金钱的贪婪). 4. ______________(发现很难适应那里的气候),he decided to move back to the north. 5. Over a third of the population was estimated _____________(没有机会享受医疗保健服务). 【翻译答案】 1. when taken according to the direction/instruction 解析:本题考查对分词短语作状语及词组according to的掌握。本句中分词短语作状语表示条件,相当于if the drug is taken...,分词的逻辑主语the drug与take之间是被动关系,所以应用过去分词短语作状语。词组according to意为"依照、按照"。 2. the couple found it impossible to make ends meet 解析:本题考查对常见句型find it+adj.+to do sth.及短语make ends meet的掌握。Find it impossible to do sth.意为"发现......是不可能的",it是形式宾语,impossible为宾语补足语,动词不定式是真正的宾语。短语make ends meet是"使收支相抵,勉强维持生计"之意。 3. can be attributed to the greed for money 解析:本题考查对短语attribute to及常见搭配the greed for的掌握。attribute to意为"归咎于",可表示"归功于",也可表示"归咎于",crime与attribute是动宾关系,因此谓语要用被动语态(can be attributed to)。"对......的贪婪"用the greed for...表示。 4. Finding it difficult to adapt to the climate there 解析:本题考查分词短语作状语及短语adapt to的用法。句子主语he与动词"发现"是主谓关系,故应用现在分词短语作状语表示原因。常见句型find it difficult to do sth.表示"发现很难做某事",短语adapt to意为"适应"。 5. to have no access to the health service 解析:本题考查对不定式和have (no) access to固定搭配的掌握。空格处在句中作主语补足语,不定式变成被动语态以后,都必须加上to。have (no) access to为固定搭配,表示"(没)有接近(或进入、享用)的机会"。 1. Henry has prepared a party for his girlfriend,______________(结果却被告之她到时候不能来了). 2. ______________(很少有人不抱怨工作单调乏味),but they will feel more bored if they do not work. 3. The chief reason for the population growth is ______________(与其说是出生率的上升,还不如说是死亡率的下降). 4. True friendship foresees the needs of others ______________(而不是声明自己的需求). 5. Although I liked the appearance of the house,_____________(真正让我决定买下它的)was the beautiful view through the window. 【翻译答案】 1. only to be told that she couldn't come by then 解析:本题考查对"only+不定式"结构的掌握。"only+不定式"结构相当于一个结果状语,意为"结果却...",表示事情的发展令人不快或与预料相反。"被告之..."表明不定式要用被动式(to be told)。that宾语从句作动词told的宾语,从句的时态应与主句一致(couldn't)。by then在此处指"到将来的某个时候"。 2. Few people do not complain about the tedium of their jobs 解析:本题考查对形容词few和动词短语complain about的掌握。few作形容词时意为"很少的,少数的",用来修饰可数名词复数,表示少得几乎没有。complain (to sb.) about sth.意为"(向某人)抱怨某事"。tedium"沉闷,单调乏味",为不可数名词。 3. not so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates或more a fall in death r
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