不规则动词过去式和过去分词

7A期末试B卷 英语常用不规则动词过去式和过去分词 * am was been 是 * are were been 是 awake awoke awoke 唤醒 bear bore born 忍受 beat beat beaten 打，敲打 become became become 成为，变成 * begin began begun 开始 bet bet bet 打赌 blow blew blown 吹 break broke broken 打坏，打破 * bring brought brought 带来 * build built built 建筑，建设 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 * buy bought bought 买 catch caught caught 揪住，抓住 * can could 能，会 choose chose chosen 选择 * come came came 来 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 砍，切 * do did done 做 * does did done 做 dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt 做梦 * drink drank drunk 喝 drive drove driven 驾驶，开车 * eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下，跌倒 feed fed fed 喂养 feel felt felt 感觉 fight fought fought 打架 * find found found 发现，找到 fly flew flown 飞行 forget forgot forgotten/forgot 忘记 freeze froze frozen 结冰 * get got got/gotten 得到 * give gave given 给予 * go went gone 走，去 grow grew grown 成长，种植 hang hung/hanged hung/hanged 吊，悬挂 * have had had 有 * has had had 有 hear heard heard 听见 hit hit hit 打，击 hold held held 举办，容纳 hurt hurt hurt 伤害 keep kept kept 保持，喂养 * know knew known 知道，了解 lay laid laid 下蛋，平躺 * learn learnt/learnt learnt 学习 * leave left left 离开，留下 lend lent lent 借给 * let let let 让 * lie lay lain 躺下 * lose lost lost 丢失 * make made made 制造，制作 mean meant meant 意思是，意味着 * meet met met 遇见 * may might 可以 mistake mistook mistaken 犯错 must must 必须 pay paid paid 付钱，赔偿 * put put put 挂 * read read read 读 ride rode ridden 骑，乘 ring rang rung (钟/铃)响，鸣 rise rose risen 升起 * run ran run 跑 * say said said 说 * see saw seen 看见 * sell sold sold 卖 * send sent sent 寄，送;派 set set set 安装 shake shook shaken 摇动，摆动 shall should 将 shine shone/shined shone/shined 照耀 * show showed shown/showed 显示 shut shut shut 关 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 下沉 * sit sat sat 坐 * sleep slept slept 睡 smell smelt smelt 嗅 * speak spoke spoken 说 spell spelt spelt 拼读，拼写 * spend spent spent 花费，度过 spill spilt split 溅，洒 spit spat spat 吐痰 spoil spoilt spoilt 糟蹋 * stand stood stood 站 steal stole stolen 偷 sweep swept swept 打扫 * swim swam swum 游泳 * take took took 带去，花费，乘 * teach taught taught 教 * tell told told 告诉 * think thought thought 想，思考 throw threw thrown 扔，投，掷 understand understood understood 明白 wake woke/waked woken/waked 醒 * wear wore worn 穿戴 win won won 获胜 * write wrote written 写 * will would 将，愿 I. 一般过去时的概念 ① 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year(week, Monday…), … ago, yesterday, a moment ago, just now, in19..等。 例如： She was in a teacher two years ago. 她两年前是个教师。 　　I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。 ② 也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。 例如： He always asked questions when he was young. 当他年轻时他总爱问问题。 ③ 当表示动作时，谓语动词使用过去式（一般加ed或见不规则动词表）；当表示状态时，谓语动词用 was, were。 II. 一般过去时的构成 　　(1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则： 　　① 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。 如：look-looked， watch-watched。 　　② 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，加-d。 如：live-lived， like-liked。 　 ③ 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。 如：stop-stopped， shop-shopped。 　　④ 末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。 如：study-studied， carry-carried。 (2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。 如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。 III. 一般过去时的几种句型 肯定句结构为： ① 主语+was / were +其它。 如：They were in Shanghai in 2000. 2000年的时候他们在上海。 ② 主语+动词的过去式+其它。 如：He went to the book store yesterday. 他昨天去店了。 否定句结构为： 1​ 主语+was / were not (wasn’t / weren’t) +其它。 如：My father was not at home last Sunday. 上个星期天我爸爸不在家。 ② 主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。 如：She didn't come to school this morning. 她今天没来学校。 一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答为： ① Was / Were +主语+其它? 如：Was it cold last winter? Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 去年冬天冷吗？ ② Did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？ 如：Did you go to Beijing last week? Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.) 去年你们去北京吗？ 特殊疑问句的构成为： 疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？ 如：What did you do last night? 　I did my homework. Ⅳ. 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后[t]，元，浊[d]，t, d 之后读[id]。 　　① 清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] [ ] [t ]等后，ed要读[t]。 如： worked，finished。 　　② 元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后，ed要读[d]。 如：lived，called。 　　③ t 或 d 后，ed读[id]。 如：started，needed。