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高中英语复习资料-必修1_Unit4_Earthquakes

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高中英语复习资料-必修1_Unit4_Earthquakes嘉兴英语教学网 必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 复习目标闯关 要点名师讲解 【重点单词】 4. rescue n.&vt. 援救,营救 [典例] 1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river. 警察来救他,把他从河里拉了出来。 2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake. 营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。 3). Michael resc...
高中英语复习资料-必修1_Unit4_Earthquakes
嘉兴英语教学网 必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 复习目标闯关 要点名师讲解 【重点单词】 4. rescue n.&vt. 援救,营救 [典例] 1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river. 警察来救他,把他从河里拉了出来。 2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake. 营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。 3). Michael rescued a boy from drowning. 迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。 [重点用法] rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把……..从……营救出来 come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队 a rescue mission 救援任务 rescue workers 救援人员 【即境活用】用rescue的适当形式填空 1). The mother, along with her two children, _________from the sinking boat by a passing ship. 2). The firemen ________ five children from the burning house yesterday. 答案: 1). has been rescued 2). Rescued 5.bury vt. 埋葬,掩埋;隐藏;使沉浸,使专心;插入,刻入 6. judge v. 断定;判断;判决 n. 裁判员;法官;评判员 【重点短语】 1. right away 立刻,马上 2. at an end 结束,终止(常作语)。 Be patient, his speech will be at an end soon. 要耐心,他的演讲很快就结束 【拓展延伸】 come to an end结束(用作谓语); draw to an end 接近尾声; bring…to an end /put an end to 使……终止; at the end of 在---尽头(末)(指时间和空间); by the end of 到---末为止(与过去完成时连用); in the end 最后,终于; make ends meet 收支相抵 The match came to an end at midnight. 比赛进行至深夜才结束。 【即境活用】 The UN is to____an end to the dispute(争端)between the two countries. I’m sure the issue will___an end soon. A. come; put B. come to ; bring C. put; come D. bring; come to 【答案】D 考查end用作名词短语搭配。Bring an end to sth. 使---结束,常用作及物动词;come to an end 结束,常用作谓语动词 3. a (great) number of 许多的,大量的 【重点句型】 1. It seemed as if the world was at an end! 世界似乎到了末日! 2. All hope was not lost. 并不是所有的希望都破灭了。 All the students do not know how to deal with the problem. = Not all the students know how to deal with the problem. 并非所有的学生都知道如何解决个问题。 I don’t know all of them. 我并不认识他们所有的人。 表示“全体”意义的代词、副词或形容 “all, both, every, everybody, always” 等和否定副词not连用时表部分否定, 而“none, neither, nobody, nothing” 等表完全否定。如: Everyone doesn’t like the story. = Not everyone likes the story. 并非每个人都喜欢这个故事。 Nobody likes the story. 没人喜欢这个故事。 Both of the students don’t like the story. 并非这两个学生这个故事。 Neither of the students likes the story. 这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。 【即境活用】中译英 1). 并非这两个学生这个故事。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2). 这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 答案: 1). Both of the students don’t like the story. 2). Neither of the students likes the story. 语法核心突破 The Attributive Clause (1) 由that, which, who, whose关系代词引导的定语从句用法简述如下。 1、that指人亦可指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,宾语可以省略; The girl that was crying just now is my best friend.刚才哭的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。 2、which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,宾语可以省略; China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。 3、who 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,宾语可以省略; The man who was here yesterday is a painter. 昨天在这里的那个人是位画家。(who作主语) The man who I saw is called Smith. 我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。(who作宾语,亦可省略) 4、whose是属格,指人也可指物,在定语从句中作定语 I live in a room(,) (whose windows) =(the windows of which)face south. 我住在一个窗户朝南的房间里。 【点拨】辨析 that, which; who ,that 相同点:都可以指物 不同点:如下 1、在下列情况下只能用that而不能用which引导定语从句 (1)当先行词是不定代词是不定代词all, little, few, much, none,, anything, nothing, everything等时。 (2)当先行词被最高级、序数词以及the very, the few, the only修饰时。 (3)当先行词被all, little, much, some, any, no, every等词修饰时 (4)当先行词由表示人和物的两个并列的名词构成时。 (5)当主句是以which或who特殊疑问句时。 (6)当引导词在从句中作表语时 2、在下列情况下只能用which而不能用that引导定语从句 (1)介词后; (2)非限定性定语从句。 相同点:都可以指人,在句中作主语 不同点:如下 指人时,在下列情况下一般选用who: (1)当先行词为those, one, anyone, nobody等不定代词时。例如: The one who knows me well is Tom.非常了解我的那个人是汤姆。 (2)在分隔型定语从句中,若先行词代指人。如: A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German. 有位新老师明天来教你们德语 (3)先行词为there be 结构的主语时例如: There is a man who wants to see you.有个人想见你 【典型例题】 1. (2009·安徽卷·T30) Many children, parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village. A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom 【解析】选B本题考察定语从句的用法,属于较容易题.明显表达为”他们的父母” 2. (2009·湖南卷·T26)I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. A. which B. of which C. that D. whose 【解析】选D考查定语从句。先行词在定语从句中充当定语,意思为这个城市的名字。 3. (2009·辽宁卷·T23)They’ve won their last three matches. ________I find a bit surprising A. that B. when C. what D. which 【解析】选D考查非限定性定语从句关系词的辨析。此处意思是“我发现他们已经赢得了最后的三场比赛,这一点令人有点吃惊”,which代替上句“They’ve won their last three matches”做find的宾语,选D。A项不能用于非限制性定语从句中,B,C此处没有他们的意思。 【语法专练】 1. The factory produces 10 thousand trunks every year, half _______are sold abroad. A.which of B.of which C.of them D.of that 2.(2010·江苏扬州甘泉中学高三一诊) You might search on the Internet for comments or news stories about this school ___________ may interest you. A. where B. / C. that D. what 3.(2010·安徽高三一轮复习名校联考) But Health Minister Stephen Robertson, ____ department devised the kit, said youth suicide was a serious issue.世纪金榜 A.of which B.whose C.which D.his世纪金榜 4. She brought with her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. these世纪金榜 5. China’s population is expected to increase to about 1. 5 billion in 2040, after ____ it will start to decline slowly. A. where B. which C. when D. that 6. The Niagara Waterfalls, __________ is shaped like a semicircle, are 670meters wide, and fall 56 meters in an awesome white sheet of water. A. what B. where C. the largest of which D. in which 7.(2010·吉林实验中学高三一模) She is the only one among the ____ writers who ____ stories for children. A. woman, writes B. women, write C. women, writes D. woman, write 8. 34. Is this skirt ________ she likes best? A. that B. which C. one D. the one 答案:1~5 BCBCB 6~8 CCD 高考真题链接 1.(2010·北京卷·T27)Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A. what B. whose C. which D. that 【解析】选B本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。较简单。本定语从句不缺成分,为主系表结构,因此只能在考虑填关系副词。A中的What不能引导定语从句。选B. whose谁的,符合题意。 2.(2010·安徽卷·T29)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, ________they have the interest. A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if 【解析】选C.本题考查状语从句连词辨析。句意为“工程师们非常繁忙,即使(even if)有户外体育活动的兴趣也没有时间去做。” 3. (2009·陕西卷·T11) Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 【解析】选C考查定语从句,先行词是Gun control,指物,关系词在从句中做介词的宾语,介词前置,介词与从句动词构成搭配argue about sth,选C。 4. (2009·全国卷II·T17)My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 【解析】选A 考查非限制性定语从句(这儿的which指代前面整句话内容。 5. (2006·全国Ⅰ·T27)Mike didn’t play football yesterday because he had his leg. A.damaged B.hurt C.hit D.struck 【解析】选B。本题考查动词词义辨析。damage指“破坏,损坏”;hurt伤害,使……受伤;hit击中,打中;strike指击打,敲打。句意为:Mike不能踢球是因为他的腿受伤了。故hurt符合要求。 综合效能检测 1、​ 听力(略) 2、​ 单项选择 21. Typhoon Morakot has caused great _________ to the local economies in Wenzhou. A. injury B. wound C. ruin D. damage 22. _____ concern about food safety seems to be ______ subject that is being discussed all over the world. A.The; a  B.A; / C.The; the D./; the 23. It’s cold in here. We must have the fire    day and night. A. burn B. burns C. burnt D. burning 24.I found him sitting in his chair,completely a magazine. A.absorbing B.being absorbed in C.absorbed in D.absorbing in 25.In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person she could turn for help. A.that B.who C.to whom D.from whom 26. On July 5, violent crimes of beating, looting and burning in Urumqi of Xinjiang broke out, _____ 156 innocent people and with more than 1080 _____. A. killed; injured B. killing; injured C. killed; injuring D. killing; injuring 27.(2010·吉林实验中学高三一模)He gave us another piece of advice, ____ of great help to the research work. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. I think which is D. I think it is 28.Unfortunately, the storm _______ the crops, destroying the hope of farmers. A. damaged B. ruined C. benefited D. hurt 29. — Why are you so excited,John? — Beijing Guoan won its first Chinese Super League crown after beating Hangzhou Lucheng 4-0 on October 31, 2009, which we _______forward to. A. have been looking B. had been looking C. looked D. had looked 30. The nurse found a little boy in the corner of the room, ______ and crying. A. frightened     B. frightening   世纪金榜 C. being frightened   D. having frightened世纪 31. The yellow house ____ windows face south is the place ____ I spent my childhood. A. whose, that B. whose, where 世纪金榜 C. which, where D. where, which榜 32.____ the students in our class is 50 and _____ them study hard. A. The number of, the number of B. A number of, the number of C. The number of, a number of D. A number of, a number of 33. Eighty percent of the people trapped in the ruins____ at last. A. were dug out B.has dug out C. was dug out D. have dug out 34.He works in a company now. He _____ for 25 years in a factory. A. worked B. had worked C. has worked D. works. 35.---I’m traveling to Taiwan tomorrow. Would you tell me about your experiences there? ---______. Let’s discuss it over lunch. A. In no case B. That’s all right C. That depends D. By all means 3、​  4、​ 完形填空 I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place. It was about 5 o’clock in the afternoon and I was 36 to my daughter’s school. Our plan was to go 37 together. I’d stopped at a 38 to get some fresh fruit. We like to have some fruit to eat 39 our swim. I was driving along a high road on the way. 40 my road was another road which was built like a 41 . I was hungry so I put the bag of apples 42 me and started to eat one. 43 I saw the cars in front of me start to 44 from side to side. Then my car started to shake! I didn’t know what was happening. Perhaps something had 45 wrong with my car. I drove a little more slowly and then I 46 the car and at the same moment the road 47 onto the cars in front of me. I found myself in the __48 . I couldn’t move. My legs and feet were hurting badly and I couldn’t move them. All round me was 49 . But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise. Then I memorized what had happened. I had been 50 an earthquake. For about two hours nobody came. Luckily I could reach the bag of 51 , so at least I had plenty to eat. Then I heard people 52 towards me. A team of people had come to 53 if anyone was under the 54 road. I called out, “I’m here!” I heard a shout. Soon a stranger climbed to my car. “How are you 55 ?”He asked. “Not too bad,” I said. They didn’t get me out until the next morning. 36. A. driving B. leading C. walking D. running 37. A. shopping B. dancing C. swimming D. sightseeing 38. A. farm B. shop C. park D. school 39. A. after B. during C. since D. once 40. A. Under B. Along C. Over D. Beside 41. A. bridge B. roof C. cover D. top 42. A. under B. along C. inside D. beside 43. A. Finally B. Actually C. Suddenly D. Slowly 44. A. move B. roll C. burst D. jump 45. A. been B. broken C. gone D. done 46. A. parked B. started C. moved D. stopped 47. A. put B. ran C. fell D. jumped 48. A. dark B. afternoon C. sun D. car 49. A. noisy B. dusty C. quiet D. blood 50. A. on B. at C. by D. in 51. A. food B. sandwiches C. apples D. bread 52. A. climbing B. shouting C. moving D. driving 53. A. know B. tell C. understand D. see 54. A. falling B. broken C. breaking D. dirty 55. A. sleeping B. feeling C. eating D. going 5、​ 阅读理解 A Everybody likes a winner, and there are always people ready to cheer for a good winner. But who has ever heard a song for the man who comes in second? So this is in praise of the almost winner, the nearly champion(冠军), the next to the biggest, the second best. This is the song of Mister Two. You hear unflattering(不讨好人的) names for Mister Two. “Alsoran”, they call him, and “runner­up”, names that make you think of a fellow who couldn’t quite make it. Don’t let that fool you. Ask the winner of any race how good a man Mister Two is. He will tell you it’s Mister Two who made him run so fast, Mister Two is always threatening to overtake and pass him. Ask the salesman who won the contest and what kept him looking for extra order. Ask the directors of the big company why they keep changing their product, seeking the new equipment, the added advantage. What drives them? What keeps them going? It’s the salesman with nearly as many orders. It is the company with the product almost as good. It’s Mister Two. In this country, we’re proud of the quality of our champions. Our big men come very big. Our fast men run very fast. Our wise men are the wisest and our greatest men are the greatest that a country could hope to be blessed with. And why is that? It is Mister Two that makes the race always open and everybody can run. So this is for you, Mister Two. This is your song. This is for all the days you tried for first, and came in second. It’s for the nights when you wonder if you ought to go on trying, since nobody seems to notice. . . We notice, Mister Two. We know the score. Winner or not, you’re a natural champion. There couldn’t be a race without you, Mister Two. 56. People usually call Mister Two unflattering names to    him. A. praise B. encourage C. laugh at D. respect 57. According to the author, Mister Two is mentioned in connection with the following except    . A. business B. sports C. greatness D. failure 58. It is implied in this story that    . A. Mister Two is as important as the winner B. every leader needs someone to help him C. the second today must be the first tomorrow D. second place is always praised 59. The person who wins needs to understand that    . A. winning is everything B. being Mister Two is wonderful C. without Mister Two he would do better D. without strong competition he wouldn’t have worked so hard B Just put your special clothes on in the morning and you could jump 3 meters into the air and even carry more than 60 kilograms without getting tired. The walk to school would be very, very easy. Such supercharged clothing is one of the products that could be created using “wearable robotics” technology. Designed to improve a person’s senses and skills, the device could be as simple as a hearing aid. Or it could be a full-body suit that senses what you’re going to do, then helps you do it better. “A superman suit would be the final result in wearable robotics,” said Francois Pin, head of robotics and energy systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory(橡树林国家实验室), US. While these suits are at least ten years away, in some areas the technology is already in use. Researchers are developing artificial arms and legs that allow old, disabled or injured people to move freely. Thus US Army is interested in using wearable robot legs to help soldiers run faster, carry more equipment and be stronger in battle. Jobs that involve lifting heavy loads or saving lives from the rubble of an earthquake could also become much easier. A robot is a device that responds to a command. You’re probably with simple robots, such as toy cars or airplanes that respond to buttons you push on a remote control. Wearable robotics goes further. Instead of just receiving information through a wire or remote control, the robotic device can send information back to its controller. Suppose you wore a sleeve that has sensors where your joints are. Every time you move your arm, the sleeve senses your movements and sends the information to a robot, which then moves its arm just as you did. When the robot hits or touches something, it sends a signal back to the sleeve and you sense the action. In this way, scientists are working to wrap the robot around the person. Their goal is to make the sleeve, shoe or suit help you do what you want to do. 60. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “ supercharged” in Paragraph one? A. expensive B. overcharged C. advanced D. full of electricity 61. Products resulting from this wearable robotics technology do not include ___________. A. remote controls B. hearing aids C. wearable robot legs D. superman suits 62. From the passage, we can infer that_______________. A. it will be ten years before robotic devices are in use B. the wearable robotics technology has been employed in some areas C. the robots in the robotic devices will do whatever you want to do D. people must become lazier and less healthier in the future 五、用框内所给词组的适当形式完成下列句子(其中两个是多余的) change ones’ mind; give in; at an end; give out; persuade ..to…; a number of; dream of 1. The student helped the teacher _______________ English papers. 2. It is always the husband who ___________ first when a quarrel breaks out between the young people. 3. In my opinion, Kurt will think it over and ______________. 4. _____________ letters are never delivered because the addresses are incorrect. 5. Have you ever ______________ there being such a good chance for further study abroad? 六、书面表达 目前我国大力提倡构建节约型社会。下图是你在校园所见到的一些现象。假如你是学生会主席,请你描述这些现象起草一份倡议书,向全校师生发出倡议,节约能源。 注意:1. 开头、结尾已为你写好,不计入总数。 2. 字数不少于100。 3. 可根据需要补充与文章有关的信息。 4. 主要内容:描述图画,发出倡议。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一~四 21~25 DADCC 26~30 BABAA 31~35 BCAAD 36-40 ACBAC 41-4550 ADCAC 46-50 DCACD 51-55 CCDBB [文章大意]本文主要说明的是Mister Two——任何比赛的第二名的可贵、可敬之处。 56. C [解析]推理判断题。根据unflattering的意思可知本题C项正确。本题较易。 57. D [解析]推理判断题。通读全文可知Mister Two只是就胜利者而言,失败者不存在Mister Two。故选D。难度较大。 58. A [解析]推理判断题。根据文章大意可知本题选A。难度较大。 59. D [解析]细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知本题选D。难度中等。 60-62 CBB 五、1. give out 2. gives in 3. change his mind 4. A number of 5. dreamed of 六、One possible version: Dear teachers and students, Our government is trying hard to build an energy-saving society. It is everybody’s duty to work hard and reach this goal. However, not everybody has realized the importance of it. Take our school for example. Sometimes we can see that lights and computers are still on after class. Some students even forget to turn off the tap after using it and have water running all the time. Our papers are printed on only one side, causing much waste. It’s time we did something to avoid this kind of waste. Firstly, make sure that all the lights and other electric facilities are turned off when we leave the rooms. Try to form the habit of turning off the tap immediately after using it. What’s more, papers should be printed on both sides and reused if possible. In a word, if everybody has the awareness of reducing the waste and takes action, we can contribute to our society. Students’ Union
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