with复合结构用法

【with复合结构小结】        不少学生对句中with结构的用法不甚清楚，现总结如下。        with结构也称为with复合结构，是由with+复合宾语组成，常在句中做状语，示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形：        1  with + 名词 (或代词) + 现在分词        此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。例如:        With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语）        With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随情况）        2  with + 名词 (或代词) + 过去分词        此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。例如:        I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling. 我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。（伴随情况）        She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。（原因状语）        3  with + 名词 (或代词) + 形容词        I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。（伴随情况）        With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。（原因状语）        4  with + 名词 (或代词) + 介词短语        With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to. 由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。（原因状语）        The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿。（行为方式）        5  with + 名词 (或代词) + 副词        He fell asleep with the light on. 他睡着了，灯还亮着。（伴随情况）        The boy stood there with his head down. 这个男孩低头站在那儿。（伴随情况）        6  with + 名词 (或代词) + 动词不定式        此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。例如:        With no one to talk to, John felt miserable. 由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。（原因状语）        With a lot of work to do, he wasn't allowed to go out. 因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。（原因状语）        请见下面的高考试题中出现的几个相关句子：        1  The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. [ NMET91-22]        2  And thousands of terrified watchers stared with their hearts beating fast. [NMET94]        3  With nothing to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out. [NMET95-阅读D]        4  With production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.  [NMET2000]