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Eye Allergies眼睛过敏#

2011-08-10 7页 doc 212KB 17阅读

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Eye Allergies眼睛过敏#Eye Allergies Eye Allergies 眼睛过敏 By Gina White, with updates by Marilyn Haddrill; reviewed by Vance Thompson, MD Eye allergies often are hereditary, and occur due to processes associated with other types of allergic responses. 眼睛过敏往往是遗传性的,和发生是由于与其他类型的过敏性反应关联的进程。 Whe...
Eye Allergies眼睛过敏#
Eye Allergies Eye Allergies 眼睛过敏 By Gina White, with updates by Marilyn Haddrill; reviewed by Vance Thompson, MD Eye allergies often are hereditary, and occur due to processes associated with other types of allergic responses. 眼睛过敏往往是遗传性的,和发生是由于与其他类型的过敏性反应关联的进程。 When an allergic reaction takes place, your eyes may be overreacting to a substance perceived as harmful, even though it may not be. These substances are called allergens. 当过敏性反应的发生,你的眼睛可能是反应过度有害感知的物质,即使它可能不会。这些物质被称为过敏原。 For example, dust that is harmless to most people can cause excessive production of tears and mucus in eyes of overly sensitive, allergic individuals. 例如,大多数人是无害的灰尘,可能会导致过于敏感,过敏的人的眼睛的眼泪和粘液过量生产。 Allergies can trigger other problems, such as conjunctivitis (pink eye) and asthma. Combined nasal and eye allergies create a condition known as rhinoconjunctivitis. 过敏可以引发其他问题,如结膜炎(红眼病)和哮喘。结合鼻腔和眼睛过敏,结膜炎作为已知的条件。 About 30 percent to 50 percent of U.S. residents have allergy symptoms. And about 75 percent of those symptoms affect the eyes.* 约30%至50%的美国居民有过敏症状。约75%,这些症状会影响眼睛。 Allergy Symptoms and Signs 过敏的症状和体征 Common signs of allergies include: 常见的过敏症状包括 ​ Red, swollen or itchy eyes ​ 红,肿或眼睛发痒 ​ Runny nose ​ 流鼻涕 ​ Sneezing and coughing ​ 打喷嚏和咳嗽 ​ Itchy nose, mouth or throat ​ 鼻,口腔或咽喉痒 ​ Headache from sinus congestion ​ 头痛鼻窦充血 Beyond more obvious symptoms, you also may feel fatigued and could suffer from lack of sleep. 症状比较明显之外,你也可能会感到疲劳,可能会遭受睡眠不足。 What Causes Eye Allergies? 什么原因引起眼睛过敏? Many allergens are in the air, where they come in contact with your eyes and nose. Airborne allergens include pollen, mold, dust and pet dander. 许多过敏原在空气中,他们在那里接触到你的眼睛和鼻子。空气的过敏原包括花粉,霉菌,灰尘和宠物皮屑。 Other causes of allergies, such as certain foods or bee stings, do not typically affect the eyes the way airborne allergens do. Adverse reactions to certain cosmetics or drugs such as antibiotic eye drops also may cause eye allergies. 其他原因,如某些食品或蜂蜇过敏,通常不会影响眼睛的空气中的过敏原。某些化妆品或药物,如抗生素眼药水的不良反应,也可能会导致眼睛过敏。 Some people actually are allergic to the preservatives in eye drops such as those used to lubricate dry eyes. In this case, you may need to use a preservative-free brand. 有些人实际上是如用于润滑眼睛干涩的眼药水中的防腐剂过敏。在这种情况下,您可能需要使用不含防腐剂的品牌。 General Eye Allergy Treatment 常见的眼睛过敏治疗 Avoidance. The most common "treatment" is to avoid what's causing your eye allergy. Itchy eyes? Keep your home free of pet dander and dust and keep pets off the furniture. Stay inside with the air conditioner on when a lot of pollen is in the air. Use high quality furnace filters that trap common allergens and replace the filters frequently. 避免。最常见的“待遇”,以避免造成您的眼睛过敏。眼睛发痒?让您的家庭宠物皮屑和灰尘和宠物远离家具。大量的花粉在空气中时,空调内停留。使用高品质的陷阱常见的过敏原炉过滤器,并经常更换过滤器。 Make sure you wear wraparound sunglasses to help shield your eyes from allergens, and drive with your windows closed during allergy season. 确保你穿重叠的太阳镜,以帮助您的眼睛免受过敏原,并推动与您的Windows在过敏季节封闭。 Medications. If you're not sure what's causing your eye allergies, or you're not having any luck avoiding them, your next step probably will be medication to alleviate the symptoms. 药物。如果你不知道是什么导致你的眼睛过敏,或你没有运气好的话,避免他们,你的下一个步骤可能将药物以缓解症状。 Over-the-counter and prescription medications each have their advantages; for example, over-the-counter products often are less expensive, while prescription ones usually are stronger and may be more effective. 超过非处方和处方药,每个人都有自己的优势,例如,过度的非处方产品经常费用较低,而处方的通常更强,可能会更有效。 Eye drops are available as simple eye washes, or they may have one or more active ingredients such as antihistamines, decongestants or mast cell stabilizers that inhibit inflammation. Antihistamines relieve many symptoms caused by airborne allergens, such as itchy, watery eyes, runny nose and sneezing. Decongestants help shrink swollen nasal passages for easier breathing. 眼药水是简单的洗眼,或他们可能有一个或多个活性成分,如抗组胺药,减充血剂,肥大细胞稳定剂,抑制炎症。抗组胺药缓解许多症状,如发痒,水汪汪的大眼睛,流鼻涕,打喷嚏,空气中的过敏原引起的。减充血剂可以帮助收缩肿胀的鼻腔容易呼吸。 Relief for Watery, Itchy Eyes 水汪汪和瘙痒眼的缓解 Common causes of excessively watery eyes are allergies and dry eye syndrome — two very different problems. 过分水汪汪的大眼睛的常见原因有过敏症和干眼症 -两个非常不同的问题。 With allergies, your body's release of histamine causes your eyes to water, just as it may cause your nose to run. 有过敏体质,你的身体的组胺释放会导致你的眼睛水,只是因为它可能会导致你的鼻子运行。 It may seem illogical that dry eye syndrome could cause watery eyes. But sometimes an underlying dry eye condition stimulates your tear glands to overproduce the watery component of your eye's tears as a protective response, leading to watery eyes. 这似乎不合逻辑,干眼症可能导致水汪汪的大眼睛。但有时一个潜在的干眼症条件刺激你的泪液的腺体过量作为一种保护性反应,你的眼睛的眼泪水汪汪的组成部分,导致水汪汪的大眼睛。 Decongestants clear up redness. They contain vasoconstrictors, which make the blood vessels in your eyes smaller, lessening the apparent redness. They treat a symptom but not the cause of eye allergies. 减充血剂清除发红。它们含有血管收缩剂,使你的眼睛较小的血管,减轻明显发红。他们把一种症状,而不是眼睛过敏的原因。 In fact, with extended use, the blood vessels can become dependent on the vasoconstrictor to stay small. When you discontinue the eye drops, the vessels actually get bigger than they were in the beginning. This process is called rebound hyperemia, and the result is that your red eyes could worsen over time. 事实上,长时间使用,血管可以成为依赖于留小的血管收缩。当你停止眼药水,船只真正得到比他们更大的开始。这个过程被称为反弹充血,其结果是随着时间的推移,你的眼睛发红可能恶化。 Some products have ingredients that act as mast cell stabilizers, which alleviate redness and swelling. Mast cell stabilizers are similar to antihistamines. But while antihistamines are known for their immediate relief, mast cell stabilizers are known for their long-lasting relief. 一些产品的成分,如肥大细胞稳定剂,从而减轻红肿的行为。肥大细胞稳定剂,以抗组胺药相似。但是,而他们的紧急救援抗组胺药,肥大细胞稳定剂被称为他们的长期救济。 Also, take a look at today's pollen count map Antihistamines, decongestants and mast cell stabilizers are available in pill form, but pills don't work as quickly as eye drops or gels to bring eye relief. 此外,看看今天的花粉计数地图抗组胺药,减充血剂和肥大细胞稳定剂药片的形式,但药不工作眼药水或凝胶尽快把眼睛救济。 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) eye drops may be prescribed to decrease swelling, inflammation and other symptoms associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, also called hay fever. 非甾体抗炎药(NSAID)的眼睛滴可予订明,以减少肿胀,炎症和其他症状与季节性过敏性结膜炎,花粉症也称为相关的。 Prescription corticosteroid eye drops also may provide similar, quick relief. However, steroids have been associated with side effects such as increased inner eye pressure (intraocular pressure) leading to glaucoma and damage to optic nerve. 处方皮质类固醇眼药水,也可提供类似的,快速的救援。然而,类固醇已与内眼压上升,导致青光眼和视神经受损(眼压)等副作用。 Steroids also have been known to cause the eye's natural lens to become cloudy, producing cataracts. 也被称为类固醇,导致眼睛的自然晶状体变得混浊,产生白内障。 Check the product label or insert for a list of side effects of over-the-counter medications. For prescription medication, ask your doctor. In some cases, combinations of medications may be used. 检查产品的标签,或插入过度的非处方药的副作用。对于处方药,请医生。在某些情况下,药物的组合都可以使用。 You may benefit from immunotherapy, in which an allergy specialist injects you with small amounts of the allergen to help you gradually build up immunity. 您可能会受益于免疫,变态反应专科注入少量的过敏原,以帮助你逐渐建立起来的免疫力。 Eye Allergies and Contact Lenses 眼睛过敏和隐形眼镜 Even if you are generally a successful contact lens wearer, allergy season can make your contacts uncomfortable. Airborne allergens can get on your lenses, causing discomfort. Allergens also can stimulate the excessive production of natural substances in your tears, which can bind to your contacts and cause blur and additional discomfort. Pollen maps can help you determine when allergens are present. 即使你是一般一个成功的隐形眼镜佩戴者,过敏的季节,可以使您的联系人不舒服。空降过敏原可以得到你的镜头,引起不适。过敏原也可以激发你的眼泪过量生产的天然物质,它可以绑定到您的联系人,造成模糊的和额外的不适。花粉地图可以帮助您确定过敏原时。 Ask your eye doctor about eye drops that can help relieve your symptoms and keep your contact lenses clean. Certain drops can discolor or damage certain lenses, so it makes sense to ask first before trying out a new brand. 询问你的眼睛医生的眼药水,可以帮助缓解你的症状和你的隐形眼镜要保持清洁。某些滴可以褪色或损坏某些镜头,所以之前要问第一次尝试了新的品牌是有意义的。 Another alternative is daily disposable contact lenses, which are discarded nightly. Because you replace them so frequently, these types of lenses are unlikely to develop irritating deposits that can build up over time and cause or heighten allergy-related discomfort. 另一种方法是日抛型隐形眼镜,每晚都将被丢弃。因为你如此频繁更换,这些类型的镜片是不可能发展刺激性的存款,可以随着时间的推移,造成或加剧过敏相关的不适。 Eye Allergies Self-Test Please mouse over the image for common causes of eye allergies. 请在眼睛过敏的常见原因形象象征。 Take this quiz to see if you might have eye allergies. Always consult your doctor if you suspect you have an eye condition needing care. 参加本测验,看看是否有可能眼睛过敏。如果你怀疑你有一个需要照顾的眼部情况,请务必咨询您的医生。 ​ Do allergies run in your family? 你的家人是否过敏症? ​ Do your eyes often itch, particularly during spring pollen season? 你的眼睛是否经常痒,特别是在春季花粉季节? ​ Have you ever been diagnosed with "pink eye" (conjunctivitis)? 你是否曾经被诊断为“红眼病”(结膜炎)? ​ Are you allergic to certain animals, such as cats? 某些动物,如猫,过敏吗? ​ Do you often need antihistamines and/or decongestants to control sneezing, coughing and congestion? 你是否经常需要抗组胺药和/或减充血剂,以控制打喷嚏,咳嗽和充血? ​ When pollen is in the air, are your eyes less red and itchy when you stay indoors under an air conditioner? 当花粉在空气中,你的眼睛发红发痒,当你保持室内空调下吗? ​ Do your eyes begin tearing when you wear certain cosmetics or lotions, or when you're around certain strong perfumes? 做你的眼睛开始流泪时,你穿的某些化妆品或乳液,或当你周围某些强烈的香水呢? If you answered "yes" to most of these questions, then you may have eye allergies. Make an appointment with an optometrist or ophthalmologist to determine the best course of action. 如果这些问题的回答“是”,那么您可能有眼睛过敏。预约验光师或眼科医生,以确定最佳行动方针。 文章出自: 增视能官方网站 www.improveeye.com 中国视觉治疗研究基地 www.kids-abc.com
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