Unit2高教社新编商务英语综合教程第二版ppt课件

高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社U2-main134TeachingAim5ReadingIReadingIIExtendedActivities6Bonus:WordStudy2Lead-in*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社TeachingAim11.CognitiveInformation（认知信息）:BasicConceptofMarketing2.LanguageFocus（内容重点）—KeyWords:I.marketpotential,feasibility,feasible/viable,assess,stand(n.),tradefair,exhibit,sample,prospectivecustomer,publicity,representative,brochure,booklet,catalogue,pressconference,promote,range,model,display,campaign,launch,order,delivery,replacement,sparepart,after-salesservice,component,service(v.),machinery,client;II.purchase,supply,conversely,equilibriumprice,shortage,surplus,maximizeprofits—Phrases:I.inotherwords,handout,makeup,forshort,knowas;II.in...terms,inlarge/smallquantities,agreeon,intheendTeachingAim*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社TeachingAim2—UsefulStructures:toseeif/whatasmany...aspossible“Whether...ornot”nounclauseassubjectandobject“assuming...”adverbialphrasechoose+toinf.farmore+adj.—Grammar:NumericalExpressions(1)3.CommunicativeSkills（交际技能）—Expressions:Expressionsof“IntroducingPeople”—Reading:PriceList*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Lead-in-mainLead-inListeningComprehensionTasksExerciseIIExerciseIIISpotDictationExerciseI*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ExerciseII.Listentothepassageforthefirsttimeandthenwriteoutquestions,ifthereareany,aboutthepart(s)youfailtounderstand.Ifyouhavenoquestions,justmoveontoExerciseⅡ.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社a.buyingandsellingb.amanagementprocessc.afairexchanged.adailytradeExerciseIIII.Listentothepassageforthesecondtimewithyourfocusonthequestionsyouhaveraised(ifthereareany)andthencompletethefollowingmultiplechoiceexercises.Youcantakenoteswhilelistening.1.Passage1describes_____.a.thebeginningofmarketingb.howexchangesaremadec.marketingandbusinessd.thenatureofmarketing√2.Marketingmeans_____.√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ExerciseII______________3.Whichofthefollowingdescribesthemeaningofafairexchange?a.Exchangesomethingformoney.b.Exchangemoneyforsomething.c.Exchangesomethingvaluedforsomethingofequalvalue.d.Bothaandb.√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ExerciseII______________a.Simpleexchangebecameimpossibleduetolackofmoney.b.Tosomeextent,lifeisallaboutexchangingonevalueforanother.c.Marketingisthesameasexchange.d.Marketersworkbyfindingoutwhatpeoplevalueandneed.4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ExerciseII______________a.Satisfytheneedsthatwerefirstdiscoveredandprovidethevaluethatpeoplewant.b.Createasolutiontotheidentifiedneedsandaproductthatpeoplewillvalue.c.Discoverwhatpeopleneedandwhattheywillvalue.d.Noneoftheabove.6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTMarketing’sjob?√a.identifying.b.selling.c.anticipating.d.satisfying.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinPassage1?√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ExerciseII______________a.Consumerb.Moneyc.Marketerd.Goods/Services7.AccordingtoyourunderstandingofPassage1,howwouldyoucompletethediagram?abcd*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ExerciseII______________a.1b.2c.3d.48.Marketinghas____task(s).√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社PassageScriptMarketingprobablystartedwithonecavemanfindingthathehadtoomuchmeat,butnofreshvegetable.Sohemadeadealwithanothercavemanwhohadvegetables,butnomeat.Asimpleexchange.Bothcavemenwerehappybecausetheyhadexchangedsomethingtheyvaluedforsomethingofequalvalue.Meanwhile,anoldwomanhelpedamanwithhiscookinginexchangeforhavinghergardendug.Bothexchangedservicesratherthangoods.Simpleexchangessoonbecameimpossible.Sopeopleinventedmoney.Eachitemcanhaveaseparatevalue,andapricecanbefixedforeverything.Allgoodsorservicescanbesoldforcash,andthecashusedtobuywhatisneeded.Lifeisaboutexchangingonevalueforanother.Weusemoneytohelpusbuyandsellquicklyandeasily.　*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社PassageScriptMarketingisacentralfocusforthisexchangeprocess.Itisthemanagementprocessresponsibleforidentifying,anticipatingandsatisfyingcustomerrequirementsprofitably.Marketersmaketheirlivingbyfindingoutwhatpeoplevalueandthenbyprovidingafairexchange.Ittakesknowledgeandskilltoplanandmanageafairexchange.Marketing’sjobisto:·discoverwhatpeopleneedandwhattheywillvalue,·createasolutiontotheidentifiedneedsandaproductthatpeoplewillvalue,·arouseadesireinpeopletobuytheproduct,·andsatisfytheneedsthatwerefirstdiscoveredandprovidethevaluethatpeoplewant.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ExerciseIIIIIIListentopassage2andthenanswerthequestionsbriefly.1.Whatisthewomaninterestedin?2.Whatisthenameofthecardealer?3.Accordingtotheman,whyisthedealafantasticone?4.Whatisthewebsiteandphonenumberofthecardealer?5.Whereisthecardealerlocated?*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社PassageScriptMan:InterestedinaVolkswagen?Woman:Mm.Man:Group1AutomotivehasafantasticdealforyouonthePoloSportyrange.Woman:Oh,IlikethePoloSporty.Man:WhenyoubuyaPoloSportyfromGroup1Automotive,notonlywillyougetagreatpriceforyouoldcar,but—wouldyoubelieveit—theyguaranteetoexchangeitwithin12monthsandcredittheoriginalpriceyoupaid.Woman:Nodepreciation?Man:No.Woman:Oh,I’lltakeit.Man:Fordetails,getontowww.group1auto.comorringGroup1Automotive,Houston,on6475700.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社PassageScriptWoman:Sorry,www.group1...?Man:www.group1auto.comWoman:Andthephonenumber?Man:6475700.Woman:Thanks.*SpotDictationSpotDictationWehaveemployeesandsalesof$million.Wemanufacturenearlycars,trucks,buses,andofindustrial.OurasamajorinternationalgroupinEuropeancountriesandAsiancountriesistheresultof,andforpeopleandthe.3,600_______3,716_______worldwide___________20,000________3,500_______888____thousands__________engines________position________24___15___environment_____________safety______quality_______*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ReadingI-mainReadingIPre-readingTextBackgroundInformationNewWordsandExpressionsNotesExercisesPost-reading*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Pre-reading-mianPre-readingI.BrainstormingII.Pairwork*I.BrainstormingI.Brainstorming:Workwithyourpartnerandlistthingscustomersmayconsiderwhentheymakeapurchase.servicereliabilitycolorstylereputationpackagequalityperformanceuser-friendlinessenvironment-friendliness*II.PairworkII.Pairwork:Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartner.1.Howdoyouusuallygettoknowanewproductorservice?2.Whatpracticesarecommonlyusedtopromoteaproductorservice?3.Areyoufondofbuyingpromotedproducts?Whyorwhynot?4.Howdoyouseepromotionalactivitiesprevailingintoday’sbusinessworld?5.Whatdoyouthinkaretheresponsibilitiesofacompany’smarketingstaff?*Text1MarketingandPromotion1Whenacompanystartstosellgoodsinanewmarket,theyoftendosomemarketresearchorapreliminarystudytoseeiftheprojectisfeasible.Theyresearchthemarketpotentialordoafeasibilitystudytoseeiftheywillmakemoneybysellinginthenewmarket.Inotherwords,theywanttoseeiftheproductisviable.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Text22Onewaytoassessthemarketpotentialistotakeastandatatradefairwherecompaniescanexhibitsamplesoftheirproductsandseewhatresponsetheygetfromprospectivecustomers.Thetradefairisanexhibitionofgoods,andacompanyexhibitsasampleofitsproductatitsstand.Thisisalsoaformofpublicityandthecompanyrepresentativewillprobablyhandoutpublicitybrochurestopromotetheproductfurther.Oftenjournalistswriteaboutthetradefairandsometimescompaniesholdapressconferenceiftheywanttopromoteaparticularmodelorrange.Eachdifferenttypeofcar,bike,etc.isamodel.Allthedifferentmodelsmadebyacompanymakeupitsrange.Thefullrangeofgoodsisnormallydisplayedinthecompany’scataloguewhichisabookletorbrochure.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Text33Anotherwayofpromotingorpublicizinganewproductistoplaceadvertisementsinmagazinesornewspapers.Advertisementsarealsocalledadvertsoradsforshort.Aplantodoalotofadvertisingofoneproductiscalledacampaign.Startinganadvertisingcampaignonanewproductisknownaslaunchingtheproduct.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Text44Theaimofpromotionistointerestcustomersorclientsintheproduct.Initiallycustomersmightmakeinquiriesabouttheproduct.Whentheydecidetobuy,theyplaceanorder.Atatradefaircompaniesaretryingtowinasmanyordersaspossible.However,beforeaclientplacesanorder,hewantstoknowmanythings—howlongdeliverytakes,whetherthecompanycansupplyreplacementsandspareparts,whattheafter-salesserviceislike,etc.Ifoneofthecomponentsofaproductbreaks,thecustomerwillwantareplacementsparepart.Iftheproductiscomplicated,skilledworkersmightbeneededtofitsparepartsortoserviceormaintainthemachinery.Anymaintenanceorservicingofthecompanydoesafterithassoldtheproductiscalledafter-salesservice.Whetheracompanycanprovidegoodafter-salesserviceornotmaydirectlyaffectthesalesofitsproducts.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社marketpotentialmarketpotential:Potentialmeansthepossibilitythatsomethingwilldevelopinaparticularway,orhaveaparticulareffect.Marketpotentialmeansthepossibilitythatcertaingoodswillbedevelopedandsoldsuccessfullyinthemarket.市场潜力*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社toseeif/whattoseeif/what:tofindoutinformationorafact.发现;认定e.g.I’llcallhimandseehowthejobinterviewwent.Shewentoutsidetoseewhatwashappening.1)toseewhat/how/when,etc.e.g.I’vejustcometoseeifyouwanttogooutforadrink.2)seeif/whether.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社feasiblefeasible:beabletobemade,doneorachieved;possibleorreasonable.可行的e.g.afeasiblesolutionNowthatwehavetheextraresources,theschemeseemspolitically/financially/technicallyfeasible.It’squitefeasible(=possible)(that)we’llgetthemoney.Feasibility(可行性)isthenounformoffeasible.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社inotherwordsrelateinotherwords:toputitinanotherway;thatistosay.换言之;那就是说e.g.Yourperformanceintheexamdidnotreachtherequireddemand,inotherwords,youfailed.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社viableviable:beabletosucceedinoperation.切实可行的synonym:feasiblee.g.Theschemeisnoteconomicallyviable.“Viability”isthenounformofviableanditmeansfeasibility.e.g.commercialviability商业上的可行性thelong-termfinancialviabilityofthecompany公司的长期财政活力*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社OnewayOnewaytoassessthemarketpotentialistotakeastandatatradefairwherecompaniescanexhibitsamplesoftheirproductsandseewhatresponsetheygetfromprospectivecustomers.评估市场潜力的一种方法是在交易会上设摊,公司可在此展出他们产品的样品,来观察潜在顾客的反应。assesse.g.He’ssolazythatit’sdifficulttoassesshisability.It’stooearlytoassesstheeffectsofthenewlaw.2)tocalculateordecidethevalueof.估价;估计e.g.Theyassessthevalueofthehouseat60,000.1)tojudgetheimportance,worth,orvalueof.评定;评价synonym:evaluate*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社standstand:abooth,stall,orcounterforthedisplayofgoodsforsale.售货的亭子、摊位或者柜台e.g.ahotdogstandanexhibitionstand*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社tradefairtradefair:alargecommercialandindustrialexhibitionwherebuyersandsellersmeettodobusiness.贸易展销会;商品交易会Faircanalsomeanagatheringheldataspecifiedtimeandplaceforthebuyingandsellingofgoods;amarketoranexhibition,asoffarmproductsormanufacturedgoods,usuallyaccompaniedbyvariouscompetitionsandentertainments.(博览会,通常带有竞争性和娱乐性。)e.g.astatefair国家博览会*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社exhibitexhibit:topresentinapublicexhibitionorcontest.展览e.g.Herpaintingswereexhibitedatagalery.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社samplesample:anexampleusuallygivenfreeofanarticleorcommoditybeingofferedforsale,sothatpossiblebuyerscanexamineandtestit.样品e.g.samplesofanewshampoo*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社prospectivecustomerprospectivecustomer:someonewhomaybuyinthefuture.潜在的客户*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社publicitypublicity:theact,process,oroccupationofdisseminatinginformationtogainpublicinterest.宣传e.g.Wehaveplannedanexcitingpublicitycampaignwithouradvertisers.Thepopgroup’sarrivalbyhot-airballoonwasjustapublicitystunt(=anunusualwayofattractingthepublic’sattention).*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社publicity2辨析publicity&propagandae.g.Wewillholdabigpublicitycampaigntohighlightthedangersofsmoking.Publicity(宣传;宣扬)meansthebusinessofbringingsomeoneorsomethingtotheattentionofthepublic.e.g.Theirspeecheshavebeenexposedaspurepropaganda.Propaganda(贬义词,尤指政府为了影响民意而进行的宣传),ontheotherhand,isusuallyaderogativewordmeaninginformationthatisspreadinplannedorofficialway,esp.byagovernment,inordertoinfluencepublicopinion.Therefore,theChineseexpression宣传部shouldnotbetranslatedinto“PropagandaDepartment”,instead,apropertranslationshouldbe“PublicityDepartment”.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社representativerepresentative:onethatservesasadelegateoranagentforanother.(公司)代理人e.g.Theroleofthesalesrepresentativeisextremelyimportantintheorganization’soverallsaleseffort.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社handouthandout:togive(sth.)toeachmemberofagroupofpeople.分发;散发synonym:distributee.g.Handoutthebookstoeveryoneintheclassroom.He’sverygoodathandingoutadvice!“Handout”isthenounform,whichmeansinformationgivenout,usu.intheformofprintedsheet.（发给出席讲座等的听众的印刷品;讲义)*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社handout1辨析brochure,booklet&cataloguee.g.atravelbrochureAbrochureisasmallbookletorpamphlet,oftencontainingpromotionalmaterialorproductinformation.小册子,常包括推销材料或产品信息Abookletisaverythinbookwithasmallnumberofpagesandapapercover,oftengivinginformationaboutsomething.小册子e.g.Weboughtabookletaboutthecastlefromthetouristoffice.e.g.amailordercatalogueanonlinecatalogueAcatalogue(商品目录)isacompletelistofthingsthatyoucanlookat,buy,oruse,forexample,inalibraryoratanartshow.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社pressconferencepressconference:meetingwherereportersfromnewspapersareinvitedtohearnewsofanewproduct.(产品的)新闻发布会*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社modelmodel:astyleordesignofanitem.产品型号或款式e.g.aluxury/newmodelthelatestmodel*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社promotepromotevt.1)togiveahigherpositionorrank.提升e.g.Mydaughter’sjustbeenpromoted.Theyoungarmyofficerwaspromotedtotherankofcaptain.Theypromotedhimcaptain.2)tobring(goods)topublicnoticeinordertoencouragepeopletobuy.推销(货物)e.g.Theystagedabigadvertisingcampaigntopromotetheirnewproduct.3)tohelpinthegrowthordevelopmentof.促进;增进;推动e.g.Milkpromoteshealth.Wemustmakeneweffortstopromotehumanpeaceanddevelopment.相关词：promotion*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社makeupmakeup1)toformasawhole.形成;组成;构成synonym:constitutee.g.Farmingandminingmakeupmostofthecountry’sindustry.2)toinvent,ofteninordertodeceive.虚构;捏造;编造e.g.Hemadeupanexcuseforhisbeinglate.3)tousespecialpaintorpowderonsoastochangeorimprovetheappearance.化装;化妆e.g.Shenevergoesoutwithoutmakingherselfupfirst.Theymadehimupasanoldmanforthelastactoftheplay.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社makeup2“Make-up”(化妆;化妆品)isthenounform,whichmeansthepowder,paint,etc.wornontheface,eitherbyactorsorforimprovingone’sappearance.Therefore,wehavethefollowingphrases:eyemake-up(眼影);stagemake-up(舞台化妆)*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社displaydisplay:topresentorholduptoview.呈现;展示e.g.Whydon’tyoudisplayyouradonthenoticeboardwhereeveryonecanseeit?Thepermitshouldbeclearlydisplayedinthefrontwindow.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社forshortforshort:asashorterwayofsayingit.简略为;简称e.g.MynameisDavid,orDaveforshort.Asimilarphrasecontaining“short”is“inshort”(简而言之),whichmeans“toputitintoasfewwordsaspossible”.e.g.Thisisourmostdisastrousandembarrassingdefeatever;inshort,afiasco(惨败).*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社campaigncampaign:anoperationorseriesofoperationsenergeticallypursuedtoaccomplishapurpose.以达到某一目的而采取的一项/系列活动e.g.anadvertisingcampaignforanewproduct*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社on“on”in“anadvertisementcampaignonanewproduct”Here“on”means“affecting/relatingto”(关于).e.g.abookonChinanewevidenceonthematterataxoncigaretteshisinfluenceonyoungpeopleTherewillbenewrestrictionsonthesaleofweapons.Whateffectwillthesechangeshaveonthetouristindustry?Whenusedinthissense,“on”isalwayscomparedwith“about”.Theyarebasicallythesame,but“abookonrabbit”ismoreformalandscientificthan“abookaboutrabbits”whichmight,forexample,beachildren’sstory.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社on1Thepreposition“on”canalsobeusedinthefollowingways:1)touchingorsupportedbyaparticularsurface.在……上e.g.alamponthetablearingonyourfingerWhenusedinthissense,itisalwayscomparedwith“over”and“above”.“Over”means“directlyabove;higherthan,butnottouching”,while“above”means“higherthan,butnottouching”.e.g.Thedoctorleanedoverthesickchild.Thelamphungoverthetable.Weflewabovetheclouds.Thiscityis500metersabovesealevel.However,“above”and“over”canoftenbeusedinthesameway.e.g.Let’shandthepaintingover/abovethefireplace.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社on2Butifthereisanideaofmovement,“over”isused.(如果有示动作的意思,就用over。)e.g.Thebirdsflewoverthelake.Thesheepjumpedoverthewall.2)supportedby,hangingfrom,orconnectedto.由……支持;自……垂下;与……连接e.g.tostandononefootaballonastringthewheelsonmycarWe’renotonthephone.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社(be)knownas/tobe(be)knownas/tobe:以……而闻名synonym:bereputedas/tobee.g.HangzhouandSuzhouareknownasparadiseonearth.Americahaslongbeenknownasameltingpot.Chinaisknowntobeapopulouscountry.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社customer&client辨析customer&clientAcustomerisapersonwhobuysgoodsoraservice.e.g.Mrs.Lowcan’tcometothephone—she’sservingacustomer.Mrs.Wilsonisoneofourregularcustomers.Thereweretwoassistantstoservethecustomers.Aclientisapersonwhoreceivesservices;soifyouarepayingforservices,forexample,fromaawyerorabank,youareaclient.e.g.Mr.Blackhasbeenaclientofthisfirmformanyyears.Wealwaysaimtogiveourclientspersonalattention.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社orderorder:arequesttomake,supplyordeliverfoodorgoods.订单e.g.CanItakeyourordernoworwouldyouliketohaveadrinkfirst?Iwouldliketoplace(=make)anorderforalargepinetable.“Order”canalsobeusedasaverb,meaningtoaskfor(something)tobemade,suppliedordelivered,esp.inarestaurantorshop.(订货,下订单)e.g.Areyoureadytoorder,orwouldyouliketolookatthemenuforalittlelonger?Thecustomersayssheorderedthebookssixweeksagoandshestillhasn’treceivedthem.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社as...aspossibleas...aspossible:Thisphrasecanbeusedtomakeupalotofusefulphrasesandsentences.e.g.assoonaspossibleasmanyaspossibleassimpleaspossibleasearlyaspossible*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社HoweverHowever,beforeaclientplacesanorder,hewantstoknowmanythings—howlongdeliverytakes,whetherthecompanycansupplyreplacementsandspareparts,whattheafter-salesserviceislike,etc.然而,在客户下订单前,他想知道许多事情,例如:送货时间长短,公司是否会提供配件及备用件,售后服务如何等。*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社delivery(ofgoods):delivery(ofgoods):transportofgoodstoacustomer’saddress.交货*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社replacementreplacement:sth.thatreplacesanotherthing.代替者,替换物e.g.Weareoutofstockandwaitingforreplacements.我们现无存货,正等待进新货。*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社sparepartsspareparts:smallpiecesofmachineryusedtoreplacepartofamachinewhichisbroken.备件*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社componentcomponent:oneofseveralpartsthattogethermakeupawholemachine,system，etc.元件,部件synonym:constituente.g.Thesecompaniesmakeelectroniccomponentsforcomputerproducts.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社machinerymachinery:machinesingeneralandisthusuncountable.(总称)机器e.g.Newmachineryisbeinginstalledinthefactory.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社serviceservice:Ifsomeoneservicesamachineorvehicle,theyexamineitanddowhatisneededtokeepitworkingwell.维修,保养e.g.I’mhavingthecarservicednextweek.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ButwemustuseButwemustuse“whether”insteadof“if”(1)beforeinfinitives(不定式);(2)afterprepositions(介词);(3)insentencescontaining“ornot”.e.g.Thequestioniswhethertogoorstay.Itdependsonwhetherhe’sreadyornot.Iaskedhimwhetherornothewascoming.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社affect&effect辨析affect&effecte.g.Thedivorceaffectedeveryaspectofherlife.Theteam’sperformancewasaffectedbytherain.Ithinkalltheworryhasaffectedmybrain!Thediseaseonlyaffectscattle.Iwasdeeplyaffectedbythefilm(=Itcausedstrongfeelingsinme).Theradiationleakhashadadisastrouseffecton/upontheenvironment.［C］Itriedtakingtabletsfortheheadachebuttheydidn’thaveanyeffect.［U］Thatdrinkhashadquiteaneffectonme—Ifeellight-headed!［C］Governmentpolicywillnotaffectus/willnothaveanyeffectonus.First,affectisaverb,meaning“tohaveaninfluenceon”(影响),whileeffectisusuallyanoun,“theresultofaparticularinfluence”(结果).*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Whether...ornot“Whether...ornot”nounclauseassubjectandobject:“Whether...ornot”canbeusedasthesubjectorobjectofasentence.e.g.Whetheryouwillgowithmeornotisnotdecidedyet.Whetheracompanycanprovidegoodafter-salesserviceornotmaydirectlyaffectthesalesofitsproducts.Iwonderwhetherornotweshouldtellher.When“if”and“whether”clausesareusedasobjects,theyareinterchangeableinthesenseof“if...ornot(是否)”.e.g.Heaskedmewhether/ifshewascoming.Itwasuncertainwhether/ifshewouldrecover.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社SecondwhenSecond,wheneffectisusedasaverb,itmeans“tobringabout,usuallyaccordingtoone’swishes”(产生,引起).e.g.Hewasabletoeffectcertainchangesingovernmentpolicy.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformation1.MarketingTheaverageconsumerwouldprobablydefinemarketingasacombinationofadvertisingandselling.Itactuallyincludesagooddealmore.Modernmarketingismostsimplydefinedasactivitiesthatdirecttheflowofgoodsandservicesfromproducerstoconsumers.Itencompasses,however,abroadrangeofactivitiesincludingproductplanning,new-productdevelopment,organizingthechannels...Inadvancedindustrialeconomies,marketingconsiderationsplayamajorroleindeterminingcorporatepolicy.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社BackgroundInformationOnceprimarilyconcernedwithincreasingsalesthroughadvertisingandotherpromotionaltechniques,corporatemarketingdepartmentsnowfocusoncreditpolicies,productdevelopment,customersupport,distribution,andcorporatecommunications.Marketersmaylookforoutletsthroughwhichtosellthecompany’sproducts,includingretailstores,directmailmarketing,andwholesaling.Marketingisusedbothtoincreasesalesofanexistingproductandtointroducenewproducts.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社BackgroundInformation2.TheroleofmarketingTheroleofmarketinginthesuccessofabusinesshasonlyrecentlybeenrecognized.Inearlieryears,marketingwasviewedasnotmuchdifferentfromselling.Themajoremphasisofmarketingwasonmaximizingprofitabilitybygeneratingsalesvolumethroughadvertisingandpersonalselling.Manycompaniesbelievedthatwithenougheffortandexpense,almostanyproductcouldbesoldbyhigh-poweredsellingandaggressiveadvertising.Astimewentby,anumberoffirmshadgraduallybecomeawarethatgoodsalestechniquescouldnolongercompensateforthemistakesofproducingwrongproducts,andthatthesatisfactionofparticularcustomerneedswasessentialforsuccess.Essentially,themarketingconceptfocusesalltheactivitiesoftheorganizationonsatisfyingcustomerneedsbyintegratingtheseactivitieswithmarketingtoaccomplishtheorganization’slong-rangeobjectives.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社BackgroundInformation*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社BackgroundInformation3.MarketThewordmarkethasdifferentmeanings.Incommerce,itcanmeanaplaceoreventatwhichpeoplegatherinordertobuyandsellthings(市场,集市).Itcanalsomeanthepeoplewhomightwanttobuysomething,orapartoftheworldwheresomethingissold(市场,销路).Ineconomy,itreferstoanorganizedgroupofbuyersandsellersofaparticulareconomicgoodwhoaresufficientlyintouchwitheachotherpersonallyofbytelephoneforalltoknowthecurrentconditionsofdemandandsupply,sothatthereisonlyoneprice,marketprice,forthegood.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社NewWordsandExpressions1.preliminary//a.comingbeforeamoreimportantactionorevent开端的；预备性的2.feasible/5fi:zEbl/a.abletobecarriedoutordone;possibleandreasonable可行的[feasibilityn.可行性]3.potential/pEU5tenFEl/n.possibilityfordeveloping潜力4.viable/5vaIEbl/a.soundandworkable;feasible切实可行的5.assess/E5ses/v.todecideorfixtheamountofsth.;estimatethequalityofsth.评估6.stand/stAnd/n.asmalloftenoutdoorshoporplaceforshowingthings摊位7.fair/feE/n.alarge-scaleexhibitionofcommercialandindustrialgoods商品展销会[tradefair商品交易会]NewWordsandExpressions*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社NewWordsandExpressions8.exhibit/Ig5zIbIt/v.todisplay；show陈列；展览[exhibitionn.展览会]9.sample/5sB:mpl/n.anexample样品10.response/rI5spCns/n.reply；reaction回答11.prospective/prE5spektIv/a.expectedtooccur；possible预期的；可能的12.publicity/pQb5lIsEtI/n.providinginformationinordertoattractpublicattention；advertising宣传；广告13.representative/7reprI5zentEtIv/n.apersonwhoworksforacompany,showinggoodsorservicesforsale；anagent代表；代理人14.brochure/5brEUFE(r)/n.abooklet小册子*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社NewWordsandExpressions15.promote/prEU5mEUt/v.toincreasethesales(ofanewproduct)bypublicity,salescampaigns,TVcommercialsorfreegifts推销；推广(新产品)[promotionn.产品推销]16.journalist/5dV\:nElIst/n.areporter,newspaperman新闻记者17.conference/5kCnfErEns/n.aformalmeeting,e.g.betweenpeoplewhosharethesamebusinessinterestsorbelongtothesamepoliticalpartywhichisheldsothatopinionsandideascanbeexchanged(正式)会议[pressconference新闻发布会]18.range/reIndV/n.asetofdifferentobjectsofthesamekind系列19.display/dI5spleI/v.toshow,exhibit陈列；展示20.catalogue/5kAtElCg/n.alistofplaces,names,objects,goods,etc.目录21.campaign/kAm5peIn/n.aseriesofplannedactivitieswithaparticularcommercialaim(宣传或销售某商品的)活动*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社NewWordsandExpressions22.launch/lR:ntF/v.toput(anewproduct)onthemarket(usuallyspendingmoneyonadvertisingit)推出(新产品)23.client/5klaIEnt/n.apersonwithwhombusinessisdoneorapersonwhopaysforaservice客户24.initially/I5nIFElI/ad.atthebeginning最初25.inquiry/In5kwaIErI/n.askingquestionsforinformation询问26.delivery/dI5lIvErI/n.theactoftakingorgivingsth.tosomeone递送；运送27.replacement/rI5pleIsmEnt/n.substitution替换(物)28.spare/speE/a.additionaltowhatisusuallyneededorneed多余的[sparepart备用零部件]*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社NewWordsandExpressions29.component/kEm5pEUnEnt/n.anyofthepartsofwhichsth.ismade零部件30.complicated/5kCmplIkeItId/a.madeupofmanycloselyconnectedparts复杂的31.fit/fIt/v.toprovideandputcorrectlyintoplace安装32.service/5s\:vIs/v.toexamine(amachine)andmakeanynecessaryrepairs保养；维修33.maintain/meIn5teIn/v.tokeepsth.ingoodconditionorworkingorder保养；维修[maintenancen.保养；维修]34.machinery/mE5Fi:nErI/n.machinesingeneralorallthemachinesusedinafactory［总称］机器*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社NewWordsandExpressions1.inotherwordstoexpressthesamethinginadifferentway换句话说；也就是说2.handouttodistribute分发3.makeuptoform,compose形成,构成4.forshortasanabbreviation作为简略形式；简称5.beknownastobegenerallyregardedas通称为6.after-salesserviceserviceofaproductcarriedoutbythesellerforthebuyer售后服务*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Notes1.doapreliminarystudytomakeastudybeforeanimportantactionorevent2.marketpotentialpossibilityofbeingdevelopedinthemarket3.afeasibilitystudyastudytofindoutwhetheracertainprojecthaspotentialtosucceed.Theword“feasibility”isanoun,butcanbeusedasanattributive.4.aformofpublicityawayofprovidinginformationinordertoattractpublicattention5.promotetheproductfurther“further”heremeans“toagreaterdegree”e.g.Imustinquirefurtherintothismatter.Notes*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社NotesarangeofgrouporseriesofsimilarthingsplaceanordertomakeanofficialrequestforgoodstobesuppliedmachineryItisanuncountablenoun,usuallyfollowedbyasingularverbe.g.Machineryisbeingintroducedtosavelabor.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises-mainExercisesExercisesIExercisesIIExercisesIIIExercisesIVExercisesV*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises1I.Readthetextcarefullyagainanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Whatdoesacompanyoftendowhenitlandsonanewmarket?2.Whatisthepurposeofdoingmarketresearch?3.Whatdoesacompanyexhibitatatradefair?4.Whydoesacompanyexhibititsgoodsatatradefair?5.Whatwillcompanyrepresentativesprobablydotofurtherpromotetheirproducts?6.Whatwillcompaniesdoiftheywanttopromoteaparticularmodelorrange?7.Whatdoeslaunchingaproductmean?8.Whatdoesaclientusuallywanttoknowbeforeplacinganorder?9.Whatwilldirectlyaffectacompany’ssalesperformance?10.Howdocompaniesusuallypromoteorpublicizeanewproduct?*Exercises2II.Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.1.Onewaytoassessthemarketpotentialis_____.a.totakeastandatatradefairb.toadvertiseonTVorinmagazinesandnewspapersc.toasktheprospectivebuyerstoansweraquestionnaired.tohandoutpublicitybrochuresattheentrancetothetradefair√*Exercises22.Accordingtothetext,acampaignrefersto_____.a.afirmorabusinessb.aplantoadvertiseaproductc.aconnectedseriesofmilitaryoperationd.aninvestigationintothemarketpotentialofaproduct√*Exercises23.BeforeaclientplacesanorderheorshewantstoknowallofthefollowingBUT_____.a.whetherthecompanywillexhibititsproductsatatradefairb.whetherthecompanycansupplyreplacementsandsparepartsc.whetherthecompanycandelivertheorderedproductpromptlyd.whetherthecompanycanprovidenecessarymaintenanceorservicing√*Exercises24.Promotionaimsto_____.a.furtherpublicizeaproductb.raisecustomers’interestinaproductc.makefulluseofthemarketpotentiald.offerlowerpriceandbetterservicetocustomers√*Exercises25._____is(are)usuallydisplayedinacompany’scatalogue.a.Thecompany’sprofileb.Thecompany’sstructurec.Thecompany’sproductranged.Thecompany’spromotionactivities√*Exercises3III.GivetheEnglishwordsorphrasesaccordingtothemeaningsprovided.1.apersonwithwhombusinessisdoneorapersonwhopaysforaservice2.toincreasethesales(ofanewproduct)bypublicity,salescampaigns,TVcommercialsorfreegifts3.alistofplaces,names,objects,goods,etc.4.theactoftakingorgivingsomethingtosomeone,orthethingstakenorgiven5.abuilding,squareoropenplacewherepeoplemeettobuyandsellgoods6.toput(anewproduct)onthemarket(usuallyspendingmoneyonadvertisingit)client________promote_________catalogue__________delivery_________market________launch________*Exercises37.anorganizationmadeupofpeoplewhoworktogetherforthepurposebusinessortrade8.asetofdifferentobjectsofthesamekind serviceofaproductcarriedoutbythesellerforthebuyer aseriesofplannedactivitieswithaparticularcommercialaimcompany_________range_______after-salesservice__________________campaign__________*Exercises4IV.Putthefollowingexpressionsfromthetextintheblankstocompletethesentences.Makechangeswherenecessary.prospectiveassessmakeupforshortviableinotherwordspotentialbeknownascampaignfeasibilityhandoutpublicity1.Thetaxonlyaffectspeopleonincomesofover＄200,000—,theveryrich.inotherwords_______________2.Thepromotionorganizersspentover＄500,000onaloneinthehopethatthestyleoftheproductwouldbeasellingpoint.publicity_________*Exercises43.Themainstreetbetweenthecastleandthepalace“theRoyalMile”.4.Hisname’sMaximilian,butwejustcallhimMax.5.HestudiedtheGermanmarkettofindthethereforprofitableinvestment.6.Ifyouchoosetodoso,youcanmakeaphotocopyoftheexplanationandtotheclass.7.Theinvestmentremainsbeyondreachformany,butthechoicestodayaremuchbroaderandmorethan10yearsago.forshort_________potential_________isknownas____________prospectiveassessmakeupforshortviableinotherwordspotentialbeknownascampaignfeasibilityhandoutpublicityhand(it)out_____________viable______*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises48.Thegovernmentismakingastudyontheshoppingcenterproposal.9.BrandAoffourpackseachcontainingafullday’sfood.10.Mymotherkeepsintroducingmetomensheconsiderstobehusbands.11.Environmentalgroupslaunchedaagainstthewidespreadproductionofgeneticallymodifiedcrops(转基因农作物).12.Thistestprovidesanexcellentwayofstudents’progress.ismadeup___________feasibility__________prospective____________campaign__________assessing__________prospectiveassessmakeupforshortviableinotherwordspotentialbeknownascampaignfeasibilityhandoutpublicity*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises5V.Rewritethefollowingsentencesandreplacetheunderlinedwordswithappropriatewordsorphrasesfromthetext.1.TheUSAisabbreviatedfromtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.TheUnitedStatesofAmericaiscalledtheUSAforshort.2.Peaceandhonorcouldnotbeestimatedindollars.Peaceandhonorcouldnotbeassessedindollars.3.Doyouthinktheplanforthenewproductisfeasible?Doyouthinktheplanforthenewproductisviable?*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises54.Thepurposeoftakingastandatatradefairistoseetheresponsefrompossiblebuyers.Thepurposefortakingastandatatradefairistoseetheresponsefromprospectivecustomers.5.Thefirmmadearequestforanewfaxmachinelastweek.Thefirmplacedanorderforanewfaxmachinelastweek.6.Yourperformanceintheexamdidnotreachtherequiredstandard—toexpressitinanotherway,youfailed.Yourperformanceintheexamdidnotreachtherequiredstandard—inotherwords,youfailed.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Reading2-mainReadingIIPost-readingTextNotesExercises*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Post-reading-mainPost-readingTask1Task2*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Task1Post-readingDiscussion&RolePlay:AMarketingProjectTask1:Workingroups.Imaginethatyourgroupisworkingonamarketingproject.Remembermarketingconsistsofactivitiesnecessarytoattractthecustomerstotheproductsmanufacturedbythecompany.Theseactivitiesmayinclude:□Identifyingcustomerneeds.□Designingproductsandservicesthatmeetthoseneeds.□Communicatinginformationaboutthoseproductsandservicestoprospectivebuyers.□Pricingtheproductstoreflectcosts,competition,andcustomers’abilitytobuy.□Providingthenecessaryafter-salesservicetoensurecustomers’satisfactionafterthepurchase.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Task1Discusstheabovepointsandworkoutthedetailsoftheproject.OurMarketingProject□Whatcustomersneed:□Product(s)orservice(s)tooffer:□Howtoinformcustomersofnewoffering:□Howtoprice:□Whatafter-salesservicetoprovide:□Other:*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Task2Task2:Workinclass.Aftereachgrouphascompletedtheproject,selectarepresentativetoreporttheresultintheclass.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Textb1Markets,DemandandSupply1.Ineconomicterms,amarketisnotaspecificplace,likeasupermarket,butanexchangeprocessbetweenbuyersandsellers.Decisionsaboutproductioninamarketeconomyaretheresultofmillionsofexchanges.Howmuchofwhatproductacompanyoffersforsalesandwhobuysitdependsonthelawsofdemandandsupply.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Textb22.Simplystated,demandisthewillingnessandabilityofbuyerstopurchaseaproduct.Supplyisthewillingnessandabilityofproducerstoofferagoodsorserviceforsale.Thelawofdemandstatesthatbuyerswillpurchase(demand)moreofaproductasitspricedrops.Forexample,assumingyoulikecornchips,youarelikelytobuymoreandmoreofthemasthepricedrops.Atapriceof50centsforthe“large,economy-size”bag,youandotherloversofchipswouldbuytheminlargequantities.Conversely,thelawofsupplystatesthatproducerswilloffermoreforsaleasthepricerises.Cornchipmakers,forexample,wouldmakemorechipsifyouandotherbuyerswouldpay$2.50foreachlarge,economy-sizebag.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Textb33.Inthemarketforanyproduct,thelawsofdemandandsupplyinteracttosetamarketorequilibriumpriceandquantityonwhichbuyersandsellersagree.Figure1showsthisresultastheintersectionofthedemandandsupplycurves(whicharestraightlinesinthiscase).Noticethatatapriceof$1.50,buyerswillpurchaseandAmaizingChipswillsupply300bagsofchipsperweek.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Textb44.IfAmaizingChipschosetomakeanyothernumberofbagsofchips,theresultwouldbeaninefficientuseofresourcesandlowerprofits.Forexample,ifAmaizingsupplies400bagsandtriestosellthemfor$1.50each,consumerswillleaveasurplusof100bagsontheshelf.Amaizingwilllosethemoneyitspentmakingthosebags.IfAmaizingsuppliesonly200bags,itwill“lose”theextramoneyitcouldhavemadebymaking100more.Eventhoughconsumerswillpay$2.00perbagfor200bagsbecauseoftheshortage,Amaizingearnsonly$4,000($2.00×200bags)insteadof$4,500($1.50×300bags).ThusAmaizing,likeallbusinesses,mustconstantlytrytofindtherightcombinationofpriceandquantitysuppliedtomaximizeitsprofits.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Textb4Amarketisgovernedbythelawsofdemandandsupply.Buyerswillpurchasemorecornchipsasthepricedrops.Incontrast,supplierswillproducemorecornchipsasthepriceincreases.Thelawsofdemandandsupplyinteracttocreateanequilibriumpriceandquantity.Figure1*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Textb55.Theaboveexampleinvolvesonlyonecompanyandoneproduct.Obviously,theUSeconomyisfarmorecomplex.Thousandsofcompaniessellhundredsofthousandsofproductstomillionsofbuyerseveryday.Butintheend,theresultismuchthesame—companiestrytosupplythequantityandselectionofgoodsthatwillearnthemthelargestprofits.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社specificspecific:Weuse“specific”torefertoaparticularfixedarea,subject,orsomethingelse.e.g.aspecificareaaspecifictoolaspecificagegroup*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社IneconomictermsIneconomicterms,amarketisnotaspecificplace,likeasupermarket,butanexchangeprocessbetweenbuyersandsellers.e.g.inbusinessterms从生意角度来看inpoliticalterms从政治方面来说intermsofsales从销售情况来看在经济学领域,市场并不是一个类似超市的场所,而是指买卖双方进行交易的过程。ineconomicterms:“in...terms/intermsof...”means“withregardto...,fromthepointofviewof...”.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社supplysupply:1)n.anamountofsomethingthatisavailabletobeused.供应量;供给量.e.g.bringalargesupplyoffoodwithyouTherewasaplentifulsupplyofcheaplabour.Thenation’sfuelisinshortsupply(供应不足).Toprotectthefoodsupply,thegovernmentorderedtheslaughterofaffectedcattle.2)vt.toprovide(sth.thatisneeded),ortoprovidesomethingthatisneededto(someone).供应e.g.Electricalpowerissuppliedbyundergroundcables.Thetouristofficecansupplyinformationaboutaccommodationandactivitiesinthearea.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社supply2①supplysth.tosb.e.g.Thegovernmentsuppliesfreebookstoschools.I’mafraidIcan’tsupplytheanswertoyourquestion.②supplysb.withsth.e.g.Thefirmthatusedtosupplyuswithlegalconsultationhasmovedtoanotherstreet.Ourallieskeptussuppliedwithweapons.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社HowmuchHowmuchofwhatproductacompanyoffersforsalesandwhobuysitdependsonthelawsofdemandandsupply.一家公司销售什么产品,销售多少,以及谁来购买,这些都是由供求法则来决定的。thelawsofdemandandsupply:thelawsthatbalancetheamountofgoodsforsaleandtheamountthatpeopleactuallywanttobuy.Thelawsofdemandandsupplyinfluencesprices,asisstatedinthetext.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社simplystatedsimplystated:Thisphrasemeans“simplyspeaking,toputitsimply”.Whenusedinthisway,“state”shouldbeintheformofpastparticiple.e.g.brieflystatedroughlystated*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社asitspricedropsasitspricedrops:Theconjunction“as”canbeusedtointroduceanadverbialclauseoftime.e.g.Sheweptbitterlyasshetoldthestory.Hewitnessedtheaccidentashewascrossingthestreet.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社assumingyoulikecornchipsassumingyoulikecornchips:Here“assuming”istheequivalentof“if”,whichintroducesanadverbialclauseofcondition.e.g.Assumingagreementcanbereachedonworkingconditions,whataboutthepromotionsystem?“Assume”istheverbform;“assumption”isthenoun.e.g.Letusassumethateverythinggoesaccordingtoplan.Hissuggestionsarebasedonanassumptionthattheprisonsystemisoutofdate.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社atapriceofatapriceof:Thepreposition“at”isusuallyusedwith“price/cost/speed”.e.g.atalowerpriceatanycostatthespeedof*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社inlargequantitiesinlargequantities:inbulk.e.g.tomanufactureexpensivecarsinlarge/smallquantities*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社converselyconversely:ontheotherhand;takingtheoppositepointofview.Wecanuse“conversely”tointroduceastatementaboutasituationthatistheoppositeofthesituationthatwehavejustdescribed.e.g.$1willbuy100yenworthofJapanesegoods.Conversely,100yenwillbuy$1worthofAmericangoods.Thisnewspaperstorycoulddamagetheirreputation;conversely,itwillgivethemalotoffreepublicity.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社interactInthemarketforanyproduct,thelawsofdemandandsupplyinteracttosetamarketorequilibriumpriceandquantityonwhichbuyersandsellersagree.在商品市场中,供求法则交互作用从而产生了市场价格或平衡价格以及买卖双方达成一致的交易额度。interact:Whenpeopleinteractwitheachother,theycommunicateorworktogetherinasituation;whenonethinginteractswithanother,thetwothingsreacttogetherinthesamesituation,sothattheyaffecteachother’sdevelopmentorcondition.e.g.Somebacteria’sgenesinteractwiththoseofmanyplants.Thetwoideasinteract.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社equilibriumpriceequilibriumprice:“equilibrium”(平衡,均衡)isabalanceexistingbetweenseveraldifferentinfluencesoraspectsofasituationsothatnoneismoreimportantorpowerfulthananother.e.g.equilibriumofsupplyanddemand供求均衡Wemusttrytokeepalleconomicforcesinequilibrium.“Equilibriumprice”(均衡价格)referstothebalancedpricemadebetweenthebuyerandtheseller.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社agreeonagreeon:Ifpeopleagreeonsomething,theyreachajointdecisiononit.e.g.Bothpartiesagreedonapriceforthenewcar.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社intersectionintersection:Anintersection(交叉点)isaplacewhereroadsorotherlinesmeetorcross.Inthistext,itreferstothepointwherethedemandlineandthesupplylinemeet.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社thedemandandsupplycurvesthedemandandsupplycurves:smoothandbendinglinesthatindicatethechangeanddevelopmentbetweendemandandsupply.供求曲线*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社choosetodochoosetodo:Here,“choosetodo”means“decidetodo”.e.g.Theychosetoignoreherwarning.Hechosenottogohomeuntillater.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社inefficientinefficient:Aperson,organizationorsystemthatisinefficientisbadlyorganizedanddoesnotuseresources,equipment,ortimeinthebestpossibleway.e.g.aninefficientsecretaryinefficientfarmingShesaysthisschoolisinefficientandoperatesataverylowstandard.inefficiently(adv.);inefficiency(n.)Ifaperson,organizationorsystemiswellorganizedandusesresources,equipmenttothefull,wesayhe/itis“efficient”.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社sellsth.forsellsth.for:Thephrase“sellsth.for...”isusuallyfollowedbytheprice.e.g.Ihopetosellthehousefor30,000pounds.Hesoldthepaintingfor5,000dollars.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社asurplusofasurplusof:Asurplusisaquantityofsomethingthatisextraormorethanisneeded.e.g.asurplusofcrudeoillaborsurplus*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社maximizeitsprofitsmaximizeitsprofits:Ifwemaximizesomething,wemakeitasgreatinamountorimportanceaswecan.“Ｍaximizeitsprofits”meanstoincreaseprofitstothegreatestpossibleamount.e.g.Thecompany’smainobjectiveistomaximizeprofits.Weneedastrategythatwillmaximizetheuseofthecountry’sexistingairports.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社involveinvolve:Ifasituationoractivityinvolvessomeoneorsomething,itincludesthemasanecessarypartoritconcernsandaffectsthem.e.g.Thisbusinessseemstoinvolveanenormousamountofsales.Theaccidentinvolvedabusandatruck.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社farmorecomplexfarmorecomplex:Someadverbssuchas“even,far,many,much,still,rather,slightly,abit,afew,alittle,alot,some,two,twice,threetimes”canbeusedwiththecomparativedegreeoftheadjectiveandtheadverb.“Very,much”cannotbeusedinthisway.e.g.muchbetter;farworse;abitearlier;evenredder;rathermoredifficult;twodegreeshotter;somemorebooks;afewmorechances*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社intheendintheend:“Intheend”means“finally”,andoftenasaresultoftheprevioussituation.e.g.Theykeptonraisingthepriceandintheendhegotthirtythousandforit.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Notes11.ineconomictermssofaraseconomicsisconcerned2.simplystatedtoputitsimple3.assumetoaccept(sth.)astruebeforethereisproof.assuming:if,supposing4.converselyonthecontrary5.interacttoactorhaveaneffectoneachother6.intersectionmeetingandgoingpast(anotheroreachother)formingacrossshape7.inefficientnotefficient；wastefuloftimeorenergy8.maximizetoincrease(sth.)asmuchaspossible9.intheendfinallyNotes*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises-mainExercisesExercisesIExercisesIIExercisesIIIExercisesIVExercisesV*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ExercisesII.Comprehension:True/False/NotMentioned.1.Ineconomicterms,amarketisaplacewhereexchangeisconductedbetweenthebuyerandthesellerlikeasupermarket.2.Demandisthewillingnessandabilityofproducerstobuyaproductwhilesupplyisthewillingnessandabilityofbuyerstoofferagoodsorserviceforsale.3.Asthepricedrops,youintendtobuymoreandmoregoodsevenifyoudon’tlikethem.4.Atapriceof＄1.50,buyerswillpurchaseandAmaizingChipswillsupply300bagsofchipsaweek.5.IfAmaizingsupplies500bagsandtriestosellthemfor＄1.50each,consumerswillleaveasurplusof100bagsontheshelf.F___F___T___F___F___*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ExercisesI6.Tomaximizetheirprofits,allbusinessesmustconstantlytrytofindtherightcombinationofpriceandquantitysupplied.7.Theexamplementionedinthetextinvolvesonlyonecompanyandtwoproducts—cornchipsandAmaizingChips.8.ItisasplainasthenoseonyourfacethattheUSeconomyisfarmorecomplex.9.Tosomeextent,ChineseeconomicsituationsareascomplexasthoseofAmerica.10.Thepurposeofcompaniesismuchthesame,tryingtosupplyasmuchgoodsaspossibleinordertoearnthemthelargestprofits.F___T___NM____T___T___*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises2II.DiscussionQuestions.1.Whatisthegreatsignificanceofkeepingdemandandsupplyinbalance?2.Howwillthefallingpricesofcertaingoodsaffecttheproducersaswellastheconsumers?3.Whatarethemajorfunctionsofamarketasfarasdemandandsupplyareconcerned?*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises3III.Vocabulary:Findsinglewordsorexpressionsinthearticlewhichhaveroughlythemeaningsgivenbelow.1.anexchangeprocessbetweenbuyersandsellersofaparticulargoodsorservice2.thewillingnessandabilityofbuyerstopurchaseaproduct3.thewillingnessandabilityofproducerstoofferagoodsorserviceforsale4.theprinciplethatbuyerswillpurchase(demand)moreofaproductaspricedropslawofdemand_______________supply_____________demand_____________market_____________*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises35.theprinciplethatproducerswilloffer(supply)moreofaproductaspricerises6.thepriceandquantityofaproductatwhichthequantitiesdemandedandsuppliedareequal7.theexcessofthesellingpriceofgoodsovertheircost8.onethatutilizeseconomicgoods9.asituationinwhichsupplyexceedsdemandatagivenprice10.asituationinwhichdemandexceedssupplyatagivenpriceequilibrium_____________profit_____________consumer_____________shortage_____________surplus_____________lawofsupply_____________*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises4IV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingtheexpressionshighlighted.1.总经理将重要文件分发给部门经理。handoutThegeneralmanagerhandedouttheimportantdocumentstothedepartmentmanagers.2.欺骗顾客和逃税构成了他们那个时期的商业政策。makeupCheatingcustomersandevadingtaxesmadeuptheirbusinesspolicyinthosedays.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises43.在英语中,数学可以简称作maths或math。forshortMathematicscanbecalledmathsormathforshortinEnglish.4.这座城市被认为是此经济合作区的龙头。beknownasThiscityisknownasleadingtheeconomiccooperativezone.5.虽然这对夫妇对所要买的家具的价格没有异议,但对式样意见不一。agreeonAlthoughthecoupleagreedonthepriceofthefurnituretheywantedtobuy,theydisagreedaboutthestyle.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises46.我上个月买了台笔记本电脑,不过花了大价钱。atapriceIboughtalaptoplastmonthbutonlyataprice.7.一个大a批量出售货物的商人被称作批发商。payforTheparentsworkhardtopayfortheirchildren’stuition.8.你的不诚实是我最终与你断绝往来的原因。intheendYourdishonestywasthereasonwhyIhadtobreakoffourrelationshipintheend.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Exercises49.他叔父决意在乡下定居,而不住在城里。choosetoHisunclechosetosettleinthecountrysideratherthaninthecity.10.经理在新闻发布会上分发了项目书,但大多数人都怀疑该项目的可行性。pressconference,handout,project,feasibilityThemanagerhandedouttheprojectplanonthepressconference,butmostofthepeopledoubtedthefeasibilityoftheproject.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Cloze1V.Cloze.Coca-Colawasborn1Atlanta,Georgia,USAonMay8,1886.2localpharmacist,Dr.JohnStythPemberton3thedrinkathishome.Hispartnerfirstusedthenowfamous4“Coca-Cola”.Thefirstyear,salesaveraged9drinksperday.Eachdrinksold55cents.Todaybillionsofgallonsareconsumedeachyear.“Coke”,6short,issoldin155countriesaroundtheworld.Toprotectthetradename,“Coca-Cola,Coke,”andeventhe“familiarshapedbottle”are7trademarks.1.a.atb.onc.ofd.in2.a.Ab.Thec.／d.An3.a.createdb.discoveredc.inventedd.formed4.a.trademarkb.watermarkc.marketd.supermarket5.a.atb.inc.ond.for6.a.forb.withc.ind.as7.a.registeredb.enrolledc.registeringd.enrolling1.d2.a3.c4.a5.d6.a7.a*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Cloze28.a.recentb.presentc.lated.new9.a.softb.hardc.blackd.cold10.a.1900s’b.1900c.1900’esd.1900’s11.a.insideb.outsidec.upsided.beside12.a.six-bottleb.six-bottlesc.six-bottledd.sixbottle’13.a.withb.duringc.ad.between14.a.setupb.setaboutc.setoffd.setaside15.a.onb.atc.ind.under8.b9.a10.d11.b12.a13.a14.a15.cPromotionfromtheearlyyearsto8dayhasmadeCoketheworld’smostpopular9drink.Intheearly10bottlingplantsweresetupinafewcountries11theU.S.A.Cokeintroducedthe12carton,soconsumerscouldeasilycarryhomethebeverage.TheChicagoWorldFairin1933introducedtheautomatic“fountaindispenser”.In1928Cokebeganaconnection13theOlympics.DuringWorldWarⅡ,Coke14bottlingplantsclosetomilitarycamps.Whenthewarended,theplantsremained15operation.Coca-Colabecametheworld’ssymbolofpeace.Cokeisnowfamiliarworld-wide.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社ExtendedActivities-mainExtendedActivitiesA.FunctionandStructureB.SpecialUseC.PracticalReadingD.AdditionalVocabularyE.BusinessWorldF.HumorTime*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社A.FunctionandStructure1I.GreetingPeople.Practisethefollowingsentenceswithyourpartner,andthencompletethedialogues.TypeSampleSentencesSampleResponsesNotesIntroduceYourself(Informal)Excuseme,mynameisBillGates.Hello!I’mTony,TonyBrown.Hi.Myname’sJack.I’minthebusinessdepartment.Howdoyoudo?I’mGeorgeBush.Hi.Hello.Nicetoseeyou.／Gladtomeetyou.Howareyoudoing?Howareyou?Handshakingisnotnecessary.Addappropriateinformationaboutyourself.10A.FunctionandStructure:IntroducingPeople*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社A.FunctionandStructure2TypeSampleSentencesSampleResponsesNotesIntroduceYourself(Formal)Pleaseallowmetointroducemyself.JennyCarter,personnelmanagerofP&GCompany.Sameresponsesastheabove.Informalresponsesarealsopossible.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社A.FunctionandStructure2TypeSampleSentencesSampleResponsesNotesIntroduceOtherPeople(Informal)Betty,thisisPeterBrown.Look,here’sNancy!Nancy,comeandmeetPeter.Doyouknow／HaveyoumetMr.Kwon?Wendy,Iwantyoutomeetmycolleague,Jim...Sameresponsesastheabove.Usefirstandlastnameorfirstnameonly.Addinformationaboutthepersonbeingintroduced.Handshakingisnotnecessary.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社A.FunctionandStructure2TypeSampleSentencesSampleResponsesNotesIntroduceOtherPeople(Formal)I’dlikeyoutomeetSam,salesmanagerofM&M.I’dliketointroduceafriendofmine,Mr.Carson.Idon’tthinkyou’vemeteachotherbefore.Sue,thisismynewcolleague,David.Mr.Johnson,mayIintroduceyoutoMr.Harvey?He’sChairmanofourEnglishDepartment.It’sapleasuretomeetyou.Pleasedtomeetyou.Pleasedtoknowyou.Howareyou?I’veknownsomuchaboutyou.I’veoftenheardofyou.Use“title＋lastname”or“firstname＋lastname”.Noanswerisnecessarywith“Howdoyoudo?”Handshakingiscommon.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社A.FunctionandStructure31.Susan:Mary,.Mary:I’mverygladtomeetyou,Joe.Joe:.2.Betty:Oh,Susan,I’dmycolleagueWendy.Wendy:Hi.Susan:.3.MissGreen:Mrs.Blake,,ShellieRhoda.Mrs.Blake:Nicetomeetyou.Shellie:.4.Helen:.I’myournextdoorneighbor.Linda:Hi,I’mLinda..Helen:,too.Bytheway,what’syourmajor?Linda:BusinessEnglish.Andhowaboutyou?Helen:I’minAccountingDepartment.It’sapleasuretomeetyou___________________________thisismybrotherJoe_____________________Nicetomeetyou_________________likeyoutomeet_________________I’dliketointroduceafriendofmine____________________________________Hello______Hello.I’mHelen_________________Nicetomeetyou_________________Nicetomeetyou_________________*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社A.FunctionandStructure35.Mr.Smith:Mr.King,Mr.Thatcherbefore?Mr.King:Idon’tthinkIhadthehonor.Mr.Smith:Well,letmeintroduceyoutohim.Mr.Thatcher,,headofourdepartment.And,AssistantManagerofAT&T.Mr.Thatcher:.Mr.King:I’mgladtomeetyoutoo.haveyoumet______________I’dlikeyoutomeetMr.King______________________________thisisMr.Thatcher___________________I’mgladtomeetyou_____________________*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社A.FunctionandStructure4Makedialogueswithyourpartneraccordingtothesituationsgiven.Payspecialattentiontotheexpressionsofintroduction.1.YoubringyourcousinJessicatoyourfriendJane’sbirthdayparty.2.YouareanassistanttoMr.JamesHolt,whoistheSalesManagerofyourcompany.YoubringavisitingbusinessmanMr.RogerBrowntoMr.Holt’soffice.3.Youareaguideworkingforaninternationaltravelagency.Youmeetagroupofforeigntouristsattheairport.Introduceyourselftothem.4.You,aprimaryschoolteacher,introduceanewstudent,Katietothewholeclass.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社A.FunctionandStructure:IntroducingPeople1.Likeallinteractions,introductionsvaryindegreesofformality.Somesituationscallforformalintroductions;someneedinformalones.Somepeopleseemtofavorformalintroductionstopersonsofimportance.Differentsituationsrequiredifferentexpressionsforgreetingandintroducing.Inintroductoryconversations,“Howdoyoudo?”suggestsnon-acquaintanceshipandformality,while“Hello.”or“Hi.”istheleastformalgreetingusedbetweenyoungpeople,friendsorcolleagues.2.Whenoneiswithafriendoranacquaintance,andbumpsintosomeoneheknows,itisalwayspolitetointroducethemtoeachother.Thisintroductionshouldincludenames,titleswhereappropriate,andaverybriefdescriptionoftherelationshiptohimsothatthetwopeoplehaveabasistostartaconversationiftheywishto.3.Whenpeoplearebeingintroducedinveryformalsituations,youmayhavenoticedthatrankisthemostimportantconsiderationfollowedbyageandthengender.Therefore,peopleofalowerrankshouldbeA.FunctionandStructure:IntroducingPeople*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社A.FunctionandStructure:IntroducingPeopleintroducedtopeopleofahigherrankfirst;youngerpeopleshouldbeintroducedtoolderpeoplefirst;andmenshouldbeintroducedtowomenfirst.4.Mostconversations,however,arenotcarriedoninformalspeechsituations,andformsofaddressareanotherimportantdecisiontomake.Asocialacquaintanceofanewlyhiredcolleagueofapproximatelythesameageandrankisusuallyintroducedonafirst-namebasis.ItispoliteandcommontoshakehandswhenpeopleareintroducedtoeachotherinChina.ButintheUnitedStatesorsomeothercountries,peopledon’talwaysdoso.However,inaformalorbusinesssituation,peoplealmostalwaysshakehandswhatevertheirnationalitiesare.5.Mr.,Mrs.,MissandMs.:Mr.isthetitleplacedbeforeaman’slastname,e.g.Mr.Johnson.Mrs.andMissarealsotitles.Mrs.isplacedbeforeamarriedwoman’slastnameandMissbeforethelastnameofanunmarriedwomanoragirl.Nowadays,thetitleMs.isalsousedtoaddressbothmarriedwomenandsinglewomen.Noticethesetitlesare*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社A.FunctionandStructure:IntroducingPeopleusedonlybeforelastnames.Theyarenotusedwithfirstnamesonly,e.g.youcansay:Mr.Baker,orMr.HenryBaker,butyoushouldn’tsayMr.Henry.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse1B.SpecialUse:NumericalExpressions(I)英语中的数词主要分为三类:基数词(cardinalnumbers),序数词(ordinalnumbers)和倍数词(multiplicativenumbers)。基数词表示数目,如one,two,three等;序数词表示顺序,如first,second,third等;倍数词表示的是倍数,如twice,double,treble,half等。1.基数词和序数词的写法英语中的基数词除了用个位、十位和百位计数外,还有三个基本的单位,即千(thousand)、百万(million)和10(billion)。用英语书写两位数的数字要在十位和个位间加连字符;用阿拉伯数字表示四位或四位以上的数字要用逗号三位三位地隔开。*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse2twenty-threefifty-nineeighty-two1,258365,310,7151,003,597英语中的序数词有缩写形式,即阿拉伯数字加上最后两位字母。例如:1st2nd3rd4th5th但在朗读的时候,我们仍读:firstsecondthirdfourthfifth*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse22.数词的读法1)多位数的读法●三位或三位以上的数字要在十位数前加and。例如:5,804fivethousand,eighthundredandfour4,697fourthousand,sixhundredandninety-seven●and也可连接以千、百万为单位的各部分。例如:350,480threehundredandfiftythousand,fourhundredandeighty306,000,000threehundredandsixmillion151,432,638onehundredandfifty-onemillion,fourhundredandthirty-twothousand,sixhundredandthirty-eight●如果结尾是整百时,一般不用and。例如:6,500sixthousand,fivehundred*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse22)年份的读法●年份通常是两位两位地读。例如:1990nineteenninety1789seventeeneighty-nine2010twentyten●如果年份恰逢整百或整千,则直接用hundred或thousand读。例如:1900nineteenhundred2000twothousand●如果是公元前,我们在年份后加B.C.;如果是公元后,我们可以在年份前加A.D.,当然A.D.也可以省略。例如:500B.C.A.D.1300●inthe1980s/1980’s表示在20世纪80年代;inthe60s/60’s表示在60年代;inmytwenties表示在我20多岁时;inhisfifties表示在他50多岁时。*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse23)日期的读法●英语中的日期有多种写法。如4月3日可以写成:April3rdApril33rdApril3April●但读的时候,我们只能读Aprilthethird或thethirdofApril。千万不能读成three。4)钟点的读法●如果时间是整点,我们直接在数字后加o’clock或hundred。例如:9:00nineo’clock/ninehundred14:00fourteeno’clock/fourteenhundred●如果时间不是整点,我们要使用介词past或to。当然,我们也可以直接读出数字。例如:5:30halfpastfive/fivethirty10:30halfpastten/tenthirty12:10tenpasttwelve/twelveten4:55fivetofive/fourfifty-five●另外,15分钟也可以用aquarter表示。例如:3:15aquarterpastthree5:45aquartertosix*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse25)分数的读法●读分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。例如:1/3onethird1/5onefifth1/2onehalf/ahalf●若分子大于一,分母用复数。例如:2/3twothirds3/7threesevenths●我们也可以用in或outof表示分数。例如:1/10oneinten9/10nineoutoften2/3twooutofthree6)小数的读法●小数点读作point。小数部分的数字依次直接读出。例如:10.34tenpointthreefour●但读货币时,小数点应略去不读。例如:7.15sevendollarsandfifteencents/sevenfifteen*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse27)零的读法●在算术中,零通常读作字母O,zero或nought。例如:603.05sixOthreepointOfive8.04eightpointnought/O/zerofour0.05pointnought/Ofive●在温度中,零读作zero。例如:0.03摄氏度pointzerothreedegreescentigrade零下5摄氏度fivedegreescentigradebelowzero●在电话号码中,零读作字母O。例如:DialsixtwofiveOsevenOfiveO,andaskforextensiontwofourOone.拨62507050,再转2401分机。●在体育比赛中,零比分通常读作nil,nothing。例如:Theresultofthefootballmatchwas4:0.(读作fournil/fourtonil/fourtonothing)●在网球、乒乓球和羽毛球比赛中,零比分读作love。例如:Russialeadsby30:0inthefirstgameofthesecondset.(读作thirtylove)Fivelove,yourservice.五比零,你发球。*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse23.数词的单复数形式●当hundred,thousand,million,dozen和score与确切的数字连用时,不以复数形式出现。例如:sixhundredtenthousandtwodozeneggs●然而,当它们与模糊数字或of连用,它们多以复数形式出现。例如:hundredsofpeoplethousandsofbooksdozensofeggsscoresofshipsof的这种用法通常不与确切的数词连用。我们不能说:sixthousandsofbooks。*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse111.LakeBaykalisthedeepestlakeintheworld.Itis6,365feetdeep.a.sixthousandthreehundredandsixty-fiveb.sixtythousandthreehundredandsixty-fivec.sixthousandandthreehundredsixty-fived.sixmillionandthreehundredsixty-five√B.SpecialUse:NumericalExpressions(I)*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse112.Thecomputerweboughtyesterdaycostus$89.25.a.dollarseighty-ninepointtwenty-fivedollarsb.eighty-nineandtwenty-fivedollarsc.eighty-ninedollarsandtwenty-fivecentsd.eightninedollarsandtwofivecents√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse113.In1973,theUnitedStateshadapopulationof209,123,000.a.twohundredninethousandmillionandonehundredtwenty-threeb.twentymilliononehundredtwenty-threethousandc.twenty-ninemilliononehundredtwenty-threethousandd.twohundredandninemillion,onehundredandtwenty-threethousand√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse114.Thelongdistancecallsincreasedfrom1,100,000,000to1,400,000,000between1980and1999.a.onepointonebillionb.onebilliononemillionc.elevenbilliond.onethousandonehundredmillion√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse115.It’sestimatedthatsomefamousuniversitiesinthecountrywillenroll23,400foreignstudents.a.twomillionthreethousandandfourhundredb.twothousandthreehundredandfortyc.twenty-threethousandfourhundredd.twentythousandthirty-four√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse116.Inthepastthreemonths,saleshaveincreased17.6%,to＄86,000,000.a.seventeenpointsixpercentb.seventypointsixpercentc.seventy-onepointsixpercentd.onesevenpointsixpercent√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse117.Theunforgettable60’sarevividlyportrayedinthismovie.a.sixties’sb.sixtiesc.sixties’d.sixzero’s√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse118.Thenextsalesconferencestartson23rd,December,2004.a.twenty-threeb.twothirdc.twenty-threethd.twenty-third√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse119.Thecommitteewillholditsroutinemeetingat14:45.a.aquartertofifteenb.forty-fivepastfourteenc.aquartertofourteend.aquarterafterfifteen√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社B.SpecialUse1110.Thestudentfoundthekeytothemathsproblemwas.a.twelveandthreefourthb.twelveandthreequarterc.twelveandthreequartersd.twelveandthirdsfour√*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社CPracticalReading1CPracticalReading:PriceListI.Thefollowingisapricelistofproducts.Unfortunatelyithasbeentornintotwoparts.Workinpairstocompletethelist.StudentA:readPartAandcoverPartBwithasheetofpaper.StudentB:readPartBandcoverPartAwithasheetofpaper.BesuretoaskquestionsinEnglishtofindoutthemissinginformation.①$:US②PVC:聚氯乙烯(PVC塑料)。③44.5×25:forty-fourpointfivetimes／by／multipliedbytwenty-five.④nylon:尼龙*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社CPracticalReading2*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社CPracticalReading3II.Readthecompletedlistandanswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheinformationyouget.1.PaulwenttoattendalectureatKeelandcaughtthe8:15fromStone.WhattimedidMarymeethimatthestation?0057B.2.IfyouneedsomePVCveryurgently,whichtypeonthelistwillyouorder?0049.3.Ifyouordersomered88×88cmPVConOct.6,whenwillthesupplierdeliverittoyou?OnOct.16.CPracticalReading:PriceList*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社CPracticalReading44.IftheexchangerateofRMBtoUSDis8.25:1,howmuchwillyoupayforyourorderof0057B?115.5yuan(RMB).5.HowmanytypesofPVCareavailablefororder?Writedowntheircodenumbersandprices.Fourtypes:*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社CPracticalReading4CPracticalReading:PriceList练习I:本练习的要求是比较简单的口头练习,只需要读懂中缺少什么项目,就可以向partner提问以获得答案了。练习II:本练习考查学生利用表格解决问题的能力。4个问题的答案都比较容易得到,这里的技巧是scanning,即带着问题快速查阅答案。第4题只需要简单的计算;第5题只排除非PVC产品即可。NotesCodeNo.:也叫articlenumber,即货号。Description:规格,这里包括颜色、尺寸以及质地。Pricein$:价格,本商品价格以美元计算。Delivery:交货期。其中,ImmediateDelivery指即期交货;Toorderonly指凭指示交货。*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社D.AdditionalVocabularyMatchtheEnglishpropernamesofthefollowingworld-famouscompanieswiththeChineseequivalents.1.NIPPONLIFEINSURANCE1.菲亚特公司(意大利)2.SIEMENS2.瑞士信贷公司3.ALLIANZ3.日产汽车公司(日本)4.HITACHI4.本田汽车公司(日本)5.U.S.POSTALSERVICE5.美洲银行公司(美国)6.MATSUSHITAELECTRICINDUSTRIAL6.索尼公司(日本)7.PHILIPMORRIS7.城市持股公司(德国)8.INGGROUP8.雀巢公司9.BOEING9.美孚石油公司(美国)10.AT&T10.通用保险股份公司(意大利)11.SONY11.美国电报电话公司(美国)12.MTRO12.波音公司(美国)13.NISSANMOTOR13.西门子公司(德国)14.FIAT14.ING集团公司(荷兰)*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社D.AdditionalVocabulary15.BANKOFAMERICACORP.15.日本人寿保险公司(日本)16.NESTLE16.菲利普—莫里斯公司(美国)17.CREDITSUISSE17.安联保险(德国)18.HONDAMOTOR18.松下电器产业公司(日本)19.ASSICURAZIONIGENERALI19.美国邮政服务公司(美国)20.MOBIL20.日立公司(日本)1-15;2-13;3-17;4-20;5-19;6-18;7-16;8-14;9-12;10-11;11-6;12-7;13-3;14-1;15-5;16-8;17-2;18-4;19-10;20-9*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社E.BusinessWorld1TheMarketingMix(营销策略)Themarketingmixisoftensummarizedastheso-calledfourP’s:product,price,place,promotion；whattosell,towhom,where,andwithwhatsupport.Peopleandorganizationswhomarketaproductmakedecisionsastohow,when,andtowhomitistobesold:forexampleonitsdesign,price,anddistribution.Peopleandorganizationsmakingthesedecisionsaremarketersormarketeersandworkinmarketing.Indifferentmarkets,thefourP’shavedifferentrelativedegreesofimportance.Consequently,firmsusethesefunctionsindifferentways,ortheymixthemdifferentlytogiveaparticularmarketingmixforaparticularmarket.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社F.HumorTimeprograms,andotherorganizedlearningactivities.IntheUnitedStates,about21millionmenandwomen-morethananeighthoftheadultAmericanpopulation-takepartinsomeformofadulteducation.F.HumorTimeThesalesmanagerwascomplainingtoacolleagueaboutoneofhissalesmen.“Georgeissoforgetfulthatit’sawonderhecansellanything.Iaskedhimtopickupsomesandwichesonhiswaybackfromlunch,butI’msurehe’llevenremembertocomeback.”Justthen,thedoorflewopenandincameGeorge.“You’llneverguesswhathappened!”heshouted.“Atlunch,ImetFredBrown,thepresidentofaFortune500company.Hehadn’tboughtanythingfromusintenyears.Well,wegottotalking,andhegavemeanorderworth15milliondollars!”“Excellent!”saidthesalesmanager,“butwherearemysandwiches?”*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy1Bonus:WordStudyForeachofthefollowingclues,usethegivenpromptstoproducesentencesinthesamewayasisshowninthemodel.a.Alotdependsonbuildingandmaintainingagoodrelationshipwithyourcustomers.b.EngineersarecarryingoutessentialmaintenanceworkonthemainlinetoLondon.c.Criticsmaintainthatthesereformswillleadtoadeclineineducationalstandards.1.project*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy2a.Aftertwofailures,NASA（NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration)willtrytolaunchanewspaceshuttleagainonSunday.b.Modifyingcurrentequipmentenablesthemtoimprovethequalitywhiletheproductisbeinglaunchedanditssuccessevaluated.c.Encouragedbyitssuccess,thecompanylaunchedanambitiousplanaimedatincreasingtheprofitby58percentayear.2.range*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy3a.ThemessageconveyedbytheleadershipwasthattheThreeGorgesprojectwillbecarriedoutintwophases.b.Thelocalgovernmentwillhelpfundthisproject,whichincludesthebuildingof150day-carecenters.c.Everystudentshouldtrytoprojecthis/hermindintothefutureandimaginewhatlifewillbelikethen.3.launch*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy4a.Thepantswerealittletightatfirst,butafterIworethemafewtimes,theyfitlikeaglove.b.We’vegotamatchnextmonth,sowe'vegottokeepourselvesreasonablyfit.c.Lookingatherresume,sheshouldbefitforthesalesjobperfectly.4.fit*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy5a.Afterexaminationthedoctortoldmethatmybloodpressure’swellwithinthenormalrangeb.Itiscommonsensethatinacompanyonlyafairlynarrowrangeofpeopleisresponsibleforkeydecisions.c.Thetemperaturesinyourkitchenandaroundyourpicnictablerangefrom28to33degrees.5.maintain*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy1.1project1.projectBasicusage:①n.项目；工程；规划apieceofplannedworkoractivitywhichiscompletedoveraperiodoftimeandintendedtoachieveaparticularaime.g.Thenewdamisamajorconstructionprojectfundedbythegovernment.Thisalong-termprojecttohelpthehomeless.OurclassisdoingaprojectonVirginiaState.Bonus:WordStudy*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy1.2Otherusefulcollocations:ProjectHope:希望工程municipalproject:市政工程waterconservancyproject:水利工程jerry-builtproject:豆腐渣工程first-phaseproject:一期工程irrigationproject:灌溉工程*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy1.3②v.投映tocause(afilm,imageorlight)toappearonascreenorothersurface.e.g.Wedon'thaveascreenbutwecanprojecttheslidesontothebackwall.Ifyouprojectyouremotionsontosomeoneelseyouimaginethattheyarefeelingthesamewayasyouwithoutunderstandingthatthisiswhatyouaredoing.e.g.Heaccusesmeofbeingboredwiththerelationshipwhenallhe'sdoingisprojectinghisdissatisfactionontome!③v.向外突出tostickoutoveranedge Oneofthefeaturesofthehotelisthatitsdiningroomprojects(out)overthesea.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy2.1range2.range:Basicusage:①n.（商店内供出售的同类货品的）seriesofitemsfromwhichthecustomercanchoose.系列e.g.Weofferawiderangeofsizesandrangeofstyles.acompleterangeofgardeningtoolsTryournewrangeofbeautyproducts.Westockawiderangeofofficefurniture.Iofferedherarangeofoptions.Thereisawide/broadrangeofopinionsonthisissue.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy2.2②n.变动范围，变化幅度thelevelsorareawithinortowhichsomethingislimitede.g.acountrywithawiderangeoftemperatureSeveralcarsareavailablewithinthispricerange.Temperaturesareexpectedtobeintherange75to85degrees.Thecoatwasexpensiveandwelloutside/beyond/outofmypricerange.Theysaidthatthatparticularissuehadnotbeenwithintherangeoftheresearch.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy2.2③v.在某范围内变化[usually+adverborpreposition]toincludeavarietyofdifferentthingsorpeoplerangefromsthtosthe.g.Thechildren’sagesrangefrom5to15.Theirreactionsrangefromangertohumiliation.Dresssizesrangefrompetitetoextralarge.rangebetweensthandsthe.g.Thepopulationofthesecitiesrangesbetween3and5millioninhabitants.Pricesrangebetween$50and$250.rangeinage/size/price…Hershoesrangeinpricefrom$25to$100.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy2.2Otherusefulcollocations:medium-rangeweatherforecast中期天气预报mountainrange山脉comewithinrange进入射程之内rangeofactivities活动范围*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy3.1launch3.launchBasicusage:①v.创办；发动；出版；投放市场tobegin(somethingsuchasaplan)orintroduce(somethingnewsuchasaproduct)e.g.Althoughajob-sharingschemewaslaunchedayearagoveryfewpeoplehaveshownanyinterestinit.Earlylastyearthecompanyresearchedthepossibilityoflaunchinganewlate-nightshow.Adevastatingattackwaslaunchedontherebelstronghold,leavingmanyofthemdead.She’splanningtolaunchacompanytomakeelectronictoys.Theyheldaspecialpartytolaunchthenewbook.Policehavelaunchedamurderenquiryfollowingthediscoveryofawoman’sbody.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy3.2②vt.发射;[船]下水tosend(something)out,suchasanewshipintowaterorarocketintospacee.g.Aspokesmanforthedockyardsaidtheyhopedtolaunchthefirstsubmarinewithintwoyears.Beforelaunchingthemissilethepilotlocksitontothetarget.Ournuclearmissilescanbelaunchedatamoment’snotice.launchamissile/rocket/torpedo(鱼雷)/satellite③n.[船]下水；发射；投放市场e.g.thelaunchofthespaceshuttleWereyouatthelaunchofthenewship/book?Thelaunchoftheirnewproductlinewillincludeprime-timeTVcommercials.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy3.3launchanassault/offensive发动攻击/进攻launchacampaign发起一场运动launchtower发射塔launcher发射架launch(ing)site发射场launchinto开始Otherusefulcollocations:e.g.Helefthisfather’sshopandlaunchedoutintobusinessforhimself.launchout开始；着手[带有危险的事]e.g.Helaunchedintoaviolentattackonmyhandlingoftheaffair.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy4.limit4.fitBasicusage:①vi./vt.(使)适合tobesuitablefore.g.Thisdressdoesn’tfitme.Willyourkeyfitthelock?Yourtheoryfitsallthefacts.Somepeoplethinkthepunishmentshouldalwaysfitthecrime.I'msurewe'llhavesomethingtofityourrequirements,Madam.Whatyousawdoesfit(=agreewith)thefactsweknow.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy4.2②vt.安装toputapieceofequipmentintoaplace,oranewpartontoamachine,sothatitisreadytobeused.fitsomethingon/toetcsomethinge.g.Ineedtofitalockonthebathroomdoor.Anti-theftdevicesarefittedtoallourcars.③adj.适合的，恰当的e.g.Idon’tthinkheisfitforthejob.Goandwash!You’renotfittobeseen.She’snotfittobeinchargeofsmallchildren.⑤adj.身体健康的，结实的ingoodhealth,esp.asaresultofexercise;stronge.g.beinafitconditionShe'sveryfitbecauseshedoesalotofballetdancing.Peopleoftenfindthatiftheykeep/stayfit,theysleepbetter.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy4.3⑥n.(一阵)发作ashortexperienceofaslightillnessoranemotione.g.afitofcoughingIhitherinafitofangerItwassaidinafitofrage.派生词:fitfuladj.间歇的，一阵一阵的e.g.Hesleptfitfully.他时睡时醒fitnessn.身体健康e.g.They’redoingexercisestoimprovetheirfitness.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy4.3keep-fitclass:健身班asfitasafiddle/flea:身体极好byfitsandstarts:一阵一阵的；间歇的fitlikeaglove:非常合身see/thinkfit(todosth):认为…恰当Otherusefulcollocations:e.g.Hisideasdidnotfitinwithouraims.I’lltrytofitmyholidaysinwithyours.fitin:（使）符合，适合，适应e.g.It’syourresponsibility---youmustdoasyouseefit.e.g.Wehadtofituponeofthebedroomsasanoffice.fitup:装备，装置*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy5.1-maintain5.maintainBasicusage:①vt.维持；保持tocontinuetohave;keepinexistence,ornotallowtobecomelesse.g.Ihopeyouwillmaintainyourrecentimprovement.Partofherjobistomaintaingoodrelationswithoursuppliers.Despitelivingindifferentcountries,thetwofamilieshavemaintainedcloselinks.Thefilmhasmaintaineditspositionasthecritics'favouriteforanotheryear.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy5.2②vt.维修；保养tokeep(aroad,machine,building,etc.)ingoodconditione.g.Therailwaylineshavetobeconstantlymaintained.Alargecountryhousecostsalottomaintain.Theroadsaroundthetownhavebeenverypoorlymaintained.③vt.坚决主张toexpressfirmlyyourbeliefthatsomethingistruee.g.Throughoutthetrialhemaintainedhisinnocence.SomepeoplestillmaintainthattheEarthisflat.Hemaintainedthathehadneverseenthewomanbefore.*高等教育出版社高等教育电子音像出版社Bonus:WordStudy5.2④vt.赡养toprovide(someone)withfoodandwhateverisnecessaryforthemtoliveone.g.Heistoopoortomaintainhisfamily.Theybarelyearnenoughtomaintainthemselvesandtheirfourchildren.派生词:maintenancen.维持；维护；保养；[法院判定由丈夫付给前妻的]赡养费Otherusefulcollocations:carmaintenance:汽车维修routinemaintenance:例行/日常保养preventativemaintenance:预防性维修timebasedmaintenance:定期保养*