剑桥国际英语教程_1

CONVERSATION Introducing yourself. Listen and practice. Elizabeth: Hello, I'm Elizabeth Mandel. Chuck: Hi! My name is Charles Chang. But please call me Chuck. Elizabeth: Nice to meet you, Chuck. You can call me Liz. Chuck: OK. And what's your last name again? Elizabeth: Mandel. CHECKING INFORMATION. A Match the questions in column A with the responses in column B. Listen and check. Then practice with a partner. Give your own information. A 1. How do you pronounce your last name? ........ 2. Excuse me, what's your first name again? ........ 3. How do you spell your last name? ........ 4. What do people call you? ........ B a. C-H-A-N-G. b. It's Mandel, with the accent on "del." c. Well, everyone calls me Chuck. d. Oh, it's Amy. B Make a list of names and nicknames for your group. Introduce yourself with your full name. Use the expressions above. A: Hi! I'm Joseph Block. Please call me Joe. B: OK, Joe. And what's your last name again? A: It's Block. NAMES AND TITLES. A Use a title with a last name to address someone formally. Use a first name or nickname without a title to address someone informally. B Listen to people talk to Chuck Chang, Elizabeth Mandel, and Amy Kim. Do mey address them formally (F) or informally (I)? 1 ......... 2 ......... 3 ......... 4 ......... 5 ......... 6 ......... CONVERSATION Introducing someone. A Listen and practice. Tom: Paulo, who is that over there? Paulo: Oh, that's my father! And that's my mother with him. Tom: I'd like to meet them. Paulo: Mom and Dad, this is Tom Hayes. Tom, these are my parents. Tom: Pleased to meet you, Mr. and Mrs. Tavares. Mrs. Tavares: Nice to meet you, Tom. Paulo: My parents are here from Brazil. They're on vacation. Tom: Oh, where are you from in Brazil?. Mr. Tavares: We're from Rio. B Take turns introducing a partner to others. A: Juan, this is Maria. She's from Argentina. B: Hi, Maria. GRAMMAR FOCUS. Wh-questions and statements with be. What's your name? My name is Chuck. Where are you from? I'm from Taiwan. Who is that? His name is Tom. What's her name? Her name is Amy. Where is she from? She's from Korea. Where are you from? We're from the United states. Who are they? They're Amy's parents. What are their names? Their names are Mr. and Mrs. Kim. Where are they from? They're from Korea. Contractions. I am =I'm. You are =You're. He is =He's. She is =she's. It is =It's. We are =We're. They are=They're. What is =What's. Subject pronouns . Possessive adjectives. I my you your he his she her it its we our you your they their For a list of countries and nationalities, see the appendix at the back of the book. A Complete this conversation. Then compare with a partner. Yoko: Rich, who are the two women over there? Rich: Oh,. .......... names are Lisa and Kate. Rich: Hi, Kate. This ........... Yoko. .......... from Japan. Yoko: Hello. Nice to meet you. Kate: Good to meet you, Yoko. Lisa: And ........... name ........... Lisa. Yoko: Hi, Lisa. Rich: Lisa and Kate ........... from Canada. Yoko: Oh? Where ........... you from in Canada? Kate: ........... from Toronto. B. Complete these questions. Then practice with a partner. 1. A: ..who ..is.... that? B: That's Rich. 2. A: ...................... he from? B: He's from Los Angeles. 3. A: ...................... his last name? B: It's Brown. 4. A: ...................... the two students over there? B: Their names are Lisa and Kate. 5. A: ...................... they from? B: They're from Canada. C Write five questions about your classmates. Then take turns asking and answering your questions. who is she? where is Su Hee from? SNAPSHOT. a handshake. a bow. a kiss on the cheek. a hug. a pat on the back. Source: Brigham Young University, Center for International Studies Talk about these questions. Which greetings are typical in your country? Can you name a country for each greeting? CONVERSATION Asking about someone. A. Listen and practice. Sarah: Hi, Tom. How's everything? Tom: Not bad. How are you? Sarah: Pretty good, thanks. Tom: Sarah, this is Paulo. He's from Brazil. Sarah: Hello, Paulo. Are you on vacation? Paulo: No, I'm not. I'm a student here. Sarah: Oh, are you studying English? Paulo: Well, yes, I am. And engineering, too. Sarah: Are you and Tom in the same class? Paulo: No, we aren't. But we're on the same volleyball team. B. Listen to the rest of the conversation. Where is Sarah from? GRAMMAR FOCUS. Yes/No questions and short answer with be. Are you on vacation? No,I'm not. I'm a student. Are you a student? Yes, I am. Is Sarah from the United States? No,she isn't.(No,she's not.)She's from Australia. Is Sarah from Australia? Yes, she is. Are you and Tom in the same class? No, we aren't.(No,we're not.) We're on the same volleyball team. Are you and Tom on the volleyball team? Yes, we are. Are Mr. and Mrs. Tavares American? No, they aren't.(No, they're not.) They're Brazilian. Are Mr. and Mrs. Tavares Brazilian? Yes, they are. A Complete these conversations. Then practice with a partner. 1. A: ........... you from the United States? B: Yes, I ....................... from Chicago. 2. A: ........... Rosa in English 102. B: No, she ....................... in English 102. 3. A: ........... you and Monique from France? B: Yes, we ....................... from Paris. B Read the conversations in Exercises 4 and 7 again. Then answer these questions. For questions you answer "no," give the correct information. 1. Are Tom and Paulo on the baseball team? ..................................................... 2. Are Mr. and Mrs. Tavares on vacation? ......................................................... 3. Are Mr. and Mrs. Tavares from Mexico? ........................................................ 4. Is Paulo from Brazil? ................................................................................... 5. Is Paulo on vacation? ................................................................................... C Write five questions about your classmates. Then take.turns asking and answering your questions. READING. Meeting and Greeting Customs . There are many different greeting customs around the world. Here are some. Chile People usually shake hands when they meet for the first time. When two women first meet, they sometimes give one kiss on the cheek. (They actually "kiss the air.") Women also greet both male and female friends with a kiss. Chilean men give their friends warm abrazos (hugs) or sometimes kiss women on the cheek. Finland Finns greet each other with a firm handshake. Hugs and kisses are only for close friends and family. The Philippines The everyday greeting for friends is a handshake for both men and women. Men sometimes pat each other on the back. Korea Men bow slightly and shake hands to greet each othen Women do not usually shake hands. To address someone with his or her full name, the family name comes first, then the first name. The United States People shake hands when they are first introduced. Friends and family members often hug or kiss on the cheel~ when they see each other. In these situations, men often kiss women but not other men. A. According to the article, in which country or countries are the following true? Check (¡Ì) the correct boxes. Chile Finland the Philippines Korea the U.S. 1, People shake hands every time they meet. 2. Women do not shake hands. 3, Women kiss at the first meeting. 4, Men hug or pat each other on the back. 5, Women kiss male friends. 6. The family name comes first. B. How do these people greet each other in your country? 1. two male friends 2. a male and female friend 3. two strangers 4. two female friends Talk about these questions. Which country would you like to work in? Why? Where would you like to be a student? Why? WORD POWER Jobs. A. Complete the word map with jobs from the list. architect. receptionist. company directol. flight attendant. supervisor. engineer. salesperson. secretary. professor. sales manager. security guard. word processor. B. Add two more jobs to each category. Then compare witti a partner. WORK AND WORKPLACES. A. Look at the pictures. Match the information in columns A, B, and C. A B C a salesperson for an airline builds houses a chef in a restaurant cares for patients a flight attendant for a construction company answers the phone a carpenter in a hospital cooks food a receptionist in a department store serves passengers a nurse in an office sell clothes. B. Take turns describing each person's job. "She's a salesperson. She works in a department store. She sells clothes." CONVERSATION Describing work. A Listen and practice. Jason: Where do you work, Andrea? Andrea: I work for Thomas Cook Travel. Jason: Oh, really? What do you do there? Andrea: I'm a guide. I take people on tours to countries in South America, like Peru. Jason: That sounds interesting! Andrea: Yes, it's a great job. I love it. And what do you do? Jason: I'm a student, and I have a part-time job, too. Andrea: Oh? Where do you work? Jason: In a fast-food restaurant. Andrea: Which restaurant? Jason: Hamburger Heaven. B. Listen to the rest of the conversation. 1. What does Jason do, exactly? 2. How does he like his job? GRAMMAR FOCUS. Simple present Wh-questions and statements What do you do? I'm a student, and I have a part-time job. Where do you work? I work at/in a restaurant. Where do you go to school? I go to the University of Texas. How do you like your school? I like it very much. Where does Andrea work? She works for Thomas Cook Travel. What does she do? She's a guide. She takes people on tours. Where does Jason go to school? He goes to New York University. How does he like it? He loves it. I/You He/she work works take takes study studies teach teaches do does go goes have has A Complete these conversations. Then practice with a partner. 1. A: What... .... you ........... ? B: I'm a student. I study business. A: And ............... do you ........... to school? B: I ........... to Jefferson College. A: ........... do you like your classes? B: I ............... them a lot. 2. A: What ........... Kanya do? B: She's a teacher. She ............... mathematics at a school in Bangkok. A: And what about Somsak? Where ........... he work? B: He ............... for an electronics company. A: ........... does he do, exactly? B: He's a salesman. He ............... computer B. What do you know about these jobs? Complete the chart. Then write sentences describing each job, using he or she. C.Ask your classmates questions about work and school. A: What do you do, Aki? B: I'm a student. C: Where do you go to school? B:... WRITING. A. Write a description of what you do. Don't write your name on the paper. I'm a student. I go to McGill University in Canada. I'm a freshman. I study computer science. I work part time at a radio station, too. I'm a disc jockey. I play music. I love my job! B. Pass your descriptions around the group. Can you guess who wrote each description? CONVERSATION Daily schedules. A. Listen and practice. Daniel: How do you spend your day, Helen? Helen: Well, on weekdays I get up around ten. Then I read the paper for an hour and have lunch at about noon. Daniel: Really? What time do you go to work? Helen: I start work at three. Daniel: And when do you get home at night? Helen: I get home pretty late, around midnight. Daniel: So what do you do, exactly? Helen: I'm a TV announcer. Don't you recognize me? I do the weather report on KNTV! Daniel: Gee, I'm sorry. I don't watch TV. B.Listen to Daniel describe how he spends his day. 1. What time does he get up? start work? study until? 2. What does he do? PRONUNCIATION Unstressed words. A Listen and practice. The prepositions in these sentences (around, for, and at) are not stressed. I get up around ten. I read the paper for an hour. I have lunch at about noon. B Practice the conversation in Exercise 7 again. Be careful not to stress prepositions. GRAMMAR FOCUS. Time expressions. I get up at 7:00 in the morning on weekdays. I go to bed around ten in the evening on weeknights. I leave work early in the afternoon on weekends. I get home late at night on Fridays. I stay up until midnight on Saturdays. I wake up before/after noon on Sundays. A Complete these sentences with time expressions. 1. I get up ................ six ....... ... the morning ........... weekdays. 2. I go to bed ............... midnight ........... weeknights. 3. I start work ............... 11:30 ........... night. 4. I arrive at work .......................... Mondays, ............... 7:00 A.M. 5. I have lunch ................ three .......... the afternoon ........... weekdays. 6. I stay up .......................... weekends. 7. I have a little snack ............... 9:00 ........... the evening. 8. I sleep ............... noon ........... Sundays. B Rewrite the sentences above so that they are true for you. Then compare with a partner. C Take turns asking and answering these questions. 1. What days do you get up early? late? 2. What are two things you do before 8:00 in the morning? 3. What are three things you do on Saturday mornings? 4. How late do you stay up on Saturday nights? 5. What is something you do only on Sundays? LISTENING. A Listen to Rodney, Tina, and Ellen talk about their daily schedules. Complete the chart. B Who do you think has the best daily schedule? Why? READING. Brandon Smith I'm a junior in high school, and I have a part-time job in a restaurant. I bus dishes on Saturdays and Sundays from 8:00 until 4:00. I earn $5.50 an hour. It isn't much money, but I save almost every penny! I want to go to a good university, and the cost goes up every year. Of course. I spend some money when I go out on Saturday nights. Lauren Russell I'm a senior in high school. I have a job as a cashier in a grocery store. The job pays well about $6.75 an hour. I work every weeknight after school from 4:00 until 8:00. I don't have time for homework, and m3 grades aren't very good this year. But I have to work. or I can't buy nice clothes and I can't go out on Saturday nights. Also. a car costs a lot of money. Erica Davis I'm a freshman in college. College is very expensive, so I work in a law office for three hours every weekday afternoon. I make photocopies, file papers, and sort mail for 58.25 an hour. The job gives me good experience because I want to be a lawyer someday. But I don't want to work every semester. I need time to study. A Read the article. Why do these students work? Check (fi) the correct boxes. 1, To earn money for college 2. To buy nice clothes 3. To go out on the weekend 4, To pay for a car 5, To get job experience B Talk about these questions. 1. Look at the reasons why each student works. Who has good reasons to work? Who doesn't, in your opinion? 2. How many hours a week does each student work? 3. How much money does each student earn per week? 4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of part-time work for students? SNAPSHOT. Spending Habits of Adults and Teenagers in the United States Yearly expenses for Michael Perry,35,with a salary of $31,105 a year. Housing. 31%. Taxes and savings. 19%. Transportation. 18%. Food. 15%. Health/personal care. 7%. Clothing. 5% Entertainment. 5%. Yearly expenses for Rebecca Burns,16,with wages and an allowance of $2,620 a year. Entertainment. 55%. Clothing. 15%. Music. 11%. Savings. 8%. Personal care. 7%. Room decor. 4%. Talk about these questions. How does Michael Perry spend most of his money? How does Rebecca Burns spend most of her money? How do their spendin9 habits compare? How do you spend your money? Make two lists: things you have to buy and things you like to buy. CONVERSATION Prices. A. Listen and practice. Steve: Oh, look at those earrings, Maria. They're perfect for you. Maria: These red ones? I'm not sure. Steve: No, the yellow ones. Maria: Oh, these? Hmm. Yellow isn't a good color for me. Steve: Well, that necklace isn't bad. Maria: Which one? Steve: That blue one right there. How much is it? Maria: It's $42! That's expensive! Steve: Hey, let me get it for you. It's your birthday present. B. Listen to the rest of the conversation. 1. What else do they buy? 2. Who pays for it? GRAMMAR FOCUS. Demonstratives;one,ones. How much is this necklace? How much is that necklace? which one? The blue one. It's $42. this one? that one? How much are these earrings? How much are those earrings? which ones? The yellow ones.They're $18. these? those? Prices. $42 forty-two dollars. $59.95 fifty-nine ninety-five. or fifty-nine dollars and ninety-five cents. Colors light blue dark blue green yellow orange pink red purple brown black gray white Look at the pictures and complete these conversations. Then practice with a partner. 1. A: Excuse me. How much ........................ jeans? B: Which ............ ? Do you mean ............ ? A: No, the light blue ............. B: Oh,. ........... $59.95. A: Almost sixty dollars! Are you kidding? 2. A: I like ............ backpack over there. How much ............ it? B: Which ............ ? Each backpack has a different price. A: ............ red ............. B: It's $98.50. But ............ green ............ is only $45. A: OK. Let me look at it. THAT'S EXPENSIVE! Ask and answer questions about these products. For help with numbers, see the appendix at the back of the book. A: How much is the computer? B: Which one? A: The small one./This one. B: It's $5,456. A: That's expensive! LISTENING. Listen to Tim and Sandra shopping, and complete the chart. 1. Rollerblades ... 2. cap ... 3. sunglasses ... PRONUNCIATION Linked sounds. A. Listen and practice. Final consonants are often linked to the vowels that follow them. A: How much are these pants? A: And how much is this sweater? B: They're forty-eight dollars. B: It's thirty-seven dollars. B. Ask and answer four questions about prices in this unit. Pay attention to the linked sounds. WORD POWER Materials. A Identify these things. Use the words from the list. What other materials are these things sometimes made of? Make a list. a cotton shirt. leather gloves. a plastic bracelet. a silk scarf. a gold ring. polyester pants. rubber boots. silver earrings. 1 .............................. 2 .............................. 3 .............................. 4 ............................ 5 .............................. 6 .............................. 7 .............................. 8 ................. B Which of the materials can you find in your classroom? "Juan has a leather bag." CONVERSATION Shopping A Listen and practice. Anne: Look! These jackets are nice. Which one do you like better? Sue: I like the wool one better. Anne: Really? Why? Sue: It looks warmer. Anne: Well, I prefer the leather one. It's more attractive than the wool one. Sue: Hmm. There's no price tag. Anne: Excuse me. How much is this jacket? Clerk: It's $499. Would you like to try it on? Anne: Oh, no. That's OK! But thank you anyway. Clerk: You're welcome. B Listen to the rest of the conversation. 1. What does Anne buy? 2. What does Sue think of it? GRAMMAR FOCUS. Which one do you prefer? I prefer the leather onel Which one do you like better/more? I like the leather one better/more. That one is nicer than the wool one. This one is cheaper than .... The leather jacket is prettier than .... It looks bigger than .... It's more attractive than .... nice. nicer. cheap. cheaper. pretty. prettier. big. bigger. good. better. For more information on comparatives, see the appendix at the back of the book. A Complete these con. versations. Then practice with a partner. polyester tie . silk tie . medium shirt . large shirt . leather boots. rubber boots. 1. A: Which tie is ............... , the orange one or the blue one? (pretty) B: Well, the blue one is silk. And silk is polyester. (nice) 2. A: Is this green shirt that yellow one? (large) B: No, the yellow one is ................. It's a large. The green one is a medium. (big) 3. A: Which are ................ , the brown boots or the black ones? (cheap) B: The brown ones are leather. And leather is