what特殊用法探微

what特殊用法探微 what特殊用法探微 what是英语中最简单、最常见、最常用、最常考的词，但要准确运用它，还需花​一定的功夫。 请看下面2001年高考试题： The home improvements have taken what little there is my spare time.（全国2001，第27题） A．from B．in C．of D．at 正确是C。考查的是what引导宾语从句、what在宾语从句中作定语修饰名词little的用法。“little of my spare time”的意思是“几乎没有什么空闲时间”。整句的意思是“房屋装修占据了我本来就少得可怜的空闲时间”。 本文拟探微what的特殊用法。 一、what +名词 不含疑问意义的“what +名词”结构中的what一般有如下三种含义。 1. all … that… 所有的…都… Give me what books you have on the subject. （= Give me all the books that you have on the subject.） 2. any…that… 所有的……都…… The guerrillas found what shelter they could and lived on wild plants. (= The guerrillas found any shelter that they could and lived on wild plants.) 3. as much (many)… as… (尽可能多的……) ① I will give you what help I can. (= I will give you as much help as I can.) (= I will give what little help I can.) (= I will give you all the little help that I can.) ② I will lend you what books I can spare. (= I will lend you as many books as I can spare.) (= I will lend you what few books I can spare.) (= I will lend you all the few books taht I can spare.) what引出的从句中常用示“能力”或“可能”的情态动词can, could。 二、what little (few) +名词 “what little (few) +名词”这种结构中的what通常有“数量有限”的意思可表示“全部的……尽管不多”。例如： What few friends I have here have been very kind to me. what引导主语从句、what在主语从句中作定语修饰名词friends, what few friends在主语从句中作及物动词have的宾语。句意是：“我在这里仅有的少数几位朋友，一直对我都很好。” The leaves were trembling with what little breeze there was. what引导宾语从句、what在宾语从句中作定语修饰名词breeze, what little breeze在宾语从句中作there was句型的主语。句意是：“树叶在习习微风中颤动。” 由以上例句可见，有时what+名词结构意义可等于what little(few)+名词结构，但后者可使前者的意思更加明确。