野生玫瑰种子繁殖及保存技术的研究

? 37 ?? 4? ? 　? 　? 　? 　? 　? Vol137　No14 2008 ? 7? J ILIN FORESTRY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY July12008 ???? :1005 - 7129 (2008)04 - 0001 - 03　　????? :S685112 　　????? :A 野 生 玫 瑰 种 子 繁 殖 及 保 存 技 术 的 研 究 ? 　?1 ,???2 ,???3 ,???4 , ? 　?5 ,? 　?1 ,? 　?2 ,???2 ,???3 ,???3 (11???????????? ,?? ?? 　130022 ;21 ?????????? ,?? ?? 　130033 ; 31 ?????? ,?? ?? 　134500 ;41?????????? ,?? 　201600 ;51?????? ,?? ?? 　134001) ?? :?????????????? 、???????????? 。????????????? , ????????????。???????? ,????????????? ,????????? 246 d??。????????????? ,?????????? ,?????????????? ? ,???????????????????????????? 19 %(????) 、21%(???? ?) ,??????????????????????? 53 %?? 。?????????????? ?? ,?????????? ,???? ,??????????????????????。 ??? :???? ;?? ;???? Seed propagation and preservation techniques of Rosa rugosa LIU Yi1 , CHEN Jian - jun2 , LIU Yong - fu3 , HUANGQing - jun4 , TIAN Yu5 , NIU Chun1 , ZHANGLin2 , WU Jing - cai2 , WANGLong - fu3 , WU Jun - yao3 (11 Forest Survey and Design Institute of Jilin Province , Changchun 130022 ,China 21 Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Science , Changchun 130033 , China ;31Fusong County Forestry Bureau ,Baishan 134500 , China ; 41 Shang2 hai Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture and Forestry , Shanghai 201600 , China ; Tonghua City Forestry Bureau , Tonghua 134001 , China) Abstr act : Sexual reproduction is an important mechanismof producing new genotypes by species and maintaining ge2 netic diversity1 Plantation using Rosa rugosa seedlings of artificial breeding is a oneof effective wayfor gene preserva2 tion1 The seed breeding experiments revealed that its seed has a deep sleep characteristic ; the stratification time for germination is to be 246 d above1 In the open areas of natural distribution region , the comparison trial of artificial cul2 tivation found that : In the case of same method of cultivation and management measures , the survival rate in bottomof the primary sand dune is more than the upper (increased by 19 percent of dipping water - absorbent and 21 % of non dipping water - absorbent , respectively) ; the average survival rate of seedlings treated by water - absorbent than the control seedlings increased more than 53 %1 In other sites suitable for Rosa rugosa cultivation , the plantation method has the characters of simple and high survival rate , so that to establishment different places for gene preservation is feasible1 Key words : Rosa rugosa ;reproduction ; preservation techniques ???? :2008 - 05 - 13 ???? ?? ( 56 ) ,? ,????? ,?? ,?? , ?????????????? 1 　　?? ( Rosa rugosa Thunb1 )???? ( Rosa2 ) ??????? ,???????、??、 ??????????? ,???????? ?? : 19 - ceae 1 ??????????、????????? ???????[1?4] 。?????????? ??、??????? ,?????????? ???? ,?????????? ,????? ??[ 5] 。1992 ? ,???????????? ? ,????????《???????》[6 ]?。 ?????? ,??????????? ?、??????、????????? ,?? ??????????????? ,?致?? ???????????????? ,??? ???????[5 ] 。??????????? ?????????????。?????? ???????????????????? ????。 1 ??????? 111 ???? ???? :? 8?9 ???????? ,? ??????????????? ,?? ,?? ??。 ???? :????? ,?????、?? ? ,??? 1 ?????? ,?? 5 d ?? 1 ? ???? ,?至????。 ? 　?????? 112 ???? ???????? ,???????? ,? ?????????? ,?????????? ?。???? ,????????????? ? ,????????? ,??????? ,?? ???????? ;??????????? ; ????? ,?????? ,???? ???? ????????????、???????? ??。????????????、????? ?、??????。 113 ???? ???????、?? ,???????? ?????????????? ,?????? ?????。??????? ,??????? ?????? ,?????? 110 m?215 m。? ?? ,???? ,????、??、?? ,???? ???????????。 2 ????? 211 ???? ????????????? ,??? ,? ??? 91277 g; ???? ,???????? 2 % ,? 98 %???????????[5 ] 。 ?????????? 1。?? 1 ??? ?? ,????????????? ,???? ??? GA ?? ,?至???????? ,?? ???????。????????? ,??? ? GA?????? ,??????????? ?? ,??? 246 d ?? ,?????? GA ?? ??????????? ,???? ,???? , ????????? 200 ?10 - 6 GA ????? ?? ,?? 46 % ,??? 100 ?10 - 6 GA、50 ?10 - 6 GA、???? ,??????????。 ? 1 ??????????????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? GA(50?10 - 6) GA(100?10 - 6) GA(200 ?10 - 6) ?? GA(50 ?10 - 6 ) GA(100 ?10 - 6 ) GA(200 ?10 - 6) ???Π% 0 0 0 0 8 17 25 46 ?? 2 　　????????????????? ? ,???????????? ,?????? ????????????????。??? ?????????? ,??? 48 h、???? ??? ,???????????????? 3 %?5 % ;????????? ,?????? ?。???? ,????????????? ??????? ,?????? ,?????? ????????。 ??? ,?? 200 ?10 - 6 GA ?????? 48 h ? ,??????? ,???? ≥250 d。 ???????????? ,??????? ?? ,????? 40 %??。?????? (??? ,pH615?618)???? ,?????? ? 417?3514 cm,??? 012?014 cm。 212 ???? ???????? ,??? ,?? 3 a ?? ??? ,????????、??????、? ???????????????????? ?(??? 2) 。???????? ,???? ??? ,?????????? ,?????? ???? 17??m- 2??? 24 ??m - 2 ;??? ?????????????? ,????? ?275 %。?????????? ,???? ?????????? ,????????? , ???????????? ,??????? ?? ,???? 2 ???????????? ?????????????????。?? ??????????? ,???????? 10 a ?????????????? ,??? ?????? ,???????? 4?10 ? ,? ??????? ,????????????。 ? 2 ???????????? ?? ?? ???? ???Πcm ???? ??Π??m- 2 ?????? ????Π% ???? ???Πcm ???? ??Π??m - 2 ?????? ????Π% 45 24 3 12 21 4 　　????????????????。? ??? ,????????????? 43 % , ??????????? 3 ?。?????? ???????????? ,??????? ?、???????????? ,?????? ?????????。 ????????????? ,???? ?????????? (?? 3) ,????? ????????? ,?????????? ?????????????? 19 %(??? ?) 、21 %(?????) ,????????? ????????????????? 53 % , ??????。 ? 3 ????????????? ????? ???? ??????Π% ???????Π% ??????Π% ???????Π% 78 24 97 45 213 ???? ???????? ,????????? ?? ,?????????、??????? ? ,???????? ,????????? , ??????? 3 % ,??????? % , ???????????????????? ???。 ???????????? ,????? ???????????、?? ,????? ?、???????????? (??? 5 ?) ?3? 9 98 1 ??。????????????????? ??????????? ,???????? ???????????????????? ????。 ????????????????? ? ,????、???????? ,????? ?? 25 ????4 ??????????? , ??????。????????????? ??????? ,???????????? ????? ,?????????????。 ???? 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