六级翻译英语六级翻译句子整理

六级汉译英专项练习 PART1 一、倍数增减的表示法 　　　　Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍). 　　　　This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍). 　　　　The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍). 　　　　The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). 　　　　They _______________(将投资增加一倍). 二、时态 　　　　Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). 　　　　When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). 　　　　When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假). 　　　　I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历). 　　　　Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了). 　　　　He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了). 三、被动语态 　　　　The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代). 　　　　The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版). 　　　　Computer models _______________(可以用来演示细胞工作的方式). 　　　　When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我惊呆了，价格大大超出了我的预料). 　　　　_______________(必须立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms. 四、情态动词 　　　　The phone is ringing, _______________(但是没人接听。她一定不在家). 　　　　I can’t find my sunglasses. _______________(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了). 　　　　You screamed in your sleep last night. _______________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了). 　　　　It’s a pity. _______________(你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的). 　　　　_______________(其实我没必要穿上我最好的套装去参加那次聚会的); most of the guests were we aring jeans and sweaters. 五、虚拟语气 　　　　I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会). 　　　　If only _______________(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself. 　　　　—— Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars? 　　　　—— I’d rather he _______________(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰). 　　　　It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题). 　　　　Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的). 　　　　We insist that _______________(让杰克立刻进医院). 　　　　It was advised that _______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店). 　　　　His proposal was that _______________(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题). 　　　　We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试). 　　　　It is ridiculous that _______________(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水). 　　　　It is essential that _______________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备). 　　　　_______________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a comfortable jour ney. 　　　　I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的话打断了). 　　　　It didn’t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就会湿的). 　　　　_______________(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now 　　　　If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他现在就不在人间了). 　　　　But for his help, _______________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了). 　　　　I used my calculator; _______________(否则，我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题). 　　　　Were I in your place, _______________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会). 　　　　Had it not been for their opposition, _______________(这项法案早就通过了). 　　　　Should there be another world war, _______________(人类的继续存在就会有危险). 　　　　He walked lightly _______________(以免惊醒婴儿). 六、不定式 　　　　It was a great achievement _______________(10个月建成一栋24层的楼). 　　　　It is necessary _______________(我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉). 　　　　It is generous _______________(你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民). 　　　　The teacher decided _______________(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生). 　　　　Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法国的儿子). 　　　　The gardener _______________(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水). 　　　　We _______________(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座). 　　　　He feels it challenging _______________(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席). 　　　　We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我们在课堂上学到的东西应用于实践). 　　　　The bad weather _______________(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划). 　　　　The environmentalists are against _______________(在郊区建一座核电站的决定). 　　　　Sally Ride was the first _______________(探索外部空间的美国妇女). 　　　　They lifted a rock _______________(结果砸了自己的脚). 　　　　He was surprised _______________(在这个山村遇见一个中学同学). 　　　　I am sorry _______________(占用了您这么多时间). 　　　　I happened _______________(在他冲进来的时候站在门口). 　　　　She doesn’t like _______________(被当作客人). 　　　　If you want to save money, you’d better _______________(到校园书店买旧书). 　　　　We did nothing _______________(除了整天打桥牌). 　　　　We were made _______________(进屋之前在垫子上擦擦脚). 七、分词 　　　　This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”). 　　　　The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed. 　　　　The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命). 　　　　The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(将平均产量提高了15%). 　　　　Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推导出它的运转原理). 　　　　_______________(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began to study. 　　　　_______________(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his education. 　　　　_______________(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man. 　　　　_______________(好久没有收到父母的来信了), he was worried about them. 八、动名词 　　　　_______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good. 　　　　They tried to avoid _______________(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情). 　　　　Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我们的产品进入国际市场). 　　　　It is no use _______________(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣). 　　　　He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的试卷). 　　　　We congratulated her on _______________(被提升为经理). 九、非谓语动词用法区别 　　　　Success means _______________(非常努力地工作). 　　　　John meant _______________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障). 　　　　I heard him _______________(在跟他的母亲谈话). 　　　　I heard him _______________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时). 　　　　He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(结果却摔断了自己的腿). 　　　　He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔断了双腿). 　　　　He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康). 　　　　_______________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief. 　　　　_______________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda. 　　　　The pop, _______________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans. 十、名词从句 _______________(他们为什么离开家乡去云南) is still a secret. _______________(最让我不解的) was that he spoke English so well. _______________(这么做是故意的) became obvious. It is not clear yet _______________(谁应该为这件事负责). It is none of your business _______________(玛丽与谁订婚). Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事). This novel is just _______________(我一直在寻找的). It is not yet known _______________(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力). _______________(她是否喜欢那个礼物) is not clear to me. My main problem right now is _______________(我是否应该请求另一笔贷款). It all depends on _______________(他们是否会支持我们). You have yet to answer my question _______________(我是否可以指望你的投票). Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什么事来提高他们工资). Obviously, there was little certainty _______________(主席会同意他的提议). 十一、定语从句 Everyday many tourists come to visit _______________(鲁迅出生的那栋房子). The old lady died _______________(在她儿子到达的那天). This is _______________(我赞成这一改革的理由). Let ABC be _______________(一个三边不等长的三角形). Some of the roads were flooded, _______________(这使我们的旅程更为艰难). He introduced me to his students, _______________(他们大部分是专业的学生). _______________(众所周知), water is a liquid. 十二、状语从句 _______________(不管我们谈论什么), Jim brings polities into the discussion. _______________(不管哪一方获胜), I shall be satisfied. _______________(不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他), the comedian always had a quick, sharp reply. We climbed high _______________(这样我们就可以看到更好的风景). The problem so very complicated _______________(花了我们两个周才解决). You can go out _______________(只要你答应晚上11点以前回来). I remember the whole thing _______________(仿佛是昨天发生的). 十三、比较级最高级 Does she dance _______________(跟她姐姐一样地优美)? The buildings look _______________(在伦敦比在这儿难看得多). This is _______________(他画的最好的画之一). The higher you climb, _______________(空气就越稀薄). 十四、倒装句 　Scarcely had she fallen asleep _______________(一阵敲门声就把她吵醒). 　No sooner had Anne arrived _______________(就生病了). The husband was not hospitable to the visitor. _______________(他妻子也没说一句欢迎的话). 　Only then _______________(那个医生才意识到他的病人需要手术). 　Only when you adjust down your price _______________(我们才能做成这笔买卖). 十五、强调句 _______________(正是Jefferson写下了)the Declaration of Independence. 　_______________(作者是带着真挚的情感)praises all that is progressive. 　_______________(正是因为水涨了)we could not cross the river. 　_______________(人们听见正是Jim 这个无情的家伙) shouting at his mother in the dead of night. 　_______________(直到我告诉她) Mrs. Williams knew anything about it. 汉译英专项练习答案及解析 一、倍数增减的表示法 is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 reacts three times as fast as the other one is 49 times the size of the moon wants to raise the rent by a third plan to double their investment （考点：double + 名词） 二、时态 or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考点：将来完成时） the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时） my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时） have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时） No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考点：It has been … since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） He has been in the army for 5 years （考点：1. 现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间） 三、被动语态 is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时） will have been/published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时） can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work （考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态） I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated （考点：同“3”的考点2） Effective measures must be taken immediately （考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态） 四、情态动词 but there is no answer. She can’t be at home （考点：情态动词可以表示可能性，can’t 表示“一定不”） I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday （考点：“情态动词can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示对过去发生的动作的主观判断） You must have dreamed of something terrible （考点：同上） You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony （考点：“情态动词should/ought to + have done” 用于评论过去应该做而实际并未做的动作，含有批评的意思） I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party （考点：“情态动词needn’t + have + done”表示对过去发生的动作进行评论，认为“无须发生”，“不必做”） 五、虚拟语气 I had had your opportunities when I was young （考点：I wish后的that从句中用过去完成式表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望） he had known this disease is curable （考点：If only 引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是……就好了”，用法与 I wish…基本相同） painted it blue, and without any decorations （考点：would rather 后的that从句中用过去式表示不是事实） measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams （考点：It’s (about/high) time 后的that从句中用过去式，表示“该是……的时候了”） as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly （考点：as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑） Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now （考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的宾语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式） more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area （考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的主语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式） they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem （考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的表语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式） the mid-term exams (should) be canceled （考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的同位语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式） [表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词及其名词常见的有：advise (advice), agree (agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determination), grant, indicate (indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), propose (proposal), request, require (requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest(suggestion), urge, vote;常见的这类动词还有：allow, arrange, ask, beg, concede, demonstrate, ensure, intend, move, pledge, pray等] we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining （考点：在It is/was +形容词后的that从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议惊奇等。这类形容词常见的有：advisable, anxious, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing等） everyone (should) be prepared for emergency （考点：同上） If he had booked tickets in the way I told him （考点：在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反） if I had not been interrupted （考点：同上） If it had rained, the ground would be wet （考点：在非真实条件句中，当主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时，就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式） If I had been living in New York （考点：同上） he would be dead now （考点：同上） we could not have rent a house at such a low price （考点：but for经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语） otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question （考点：otherwise也经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语） I would seize the opportunity without hesitation （考点：在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用主谓语倒装的形式来表示条件） this act would have been passed much earlier （考点：同上） the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy （考点：同上） lest he should awaken the baby （考点：lest (以免)引导的从句通常用sb. should do的形式表示虚拟） 六、不定式 to complete a 24-story building in 10 months （考点：不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语放在句首代替不定式，而将不定式移到谓语后面） for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test （考点：有时用“介词for + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是事情，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等） of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area （考点：有时用“介词of + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是人，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等） not to punish those students who had been late for class （考点：1. 用不定式结构作decide的宾语；2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not） （能带不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish） whether to visit their son in France （考点：“疑问词+不定式”作动词wonder的宾语。能以这种结构作宾语的动词通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等） warned me just now not to water flowers at noon （考点：不定式作宾语补语） invited him to give us a lecture on modern art （考点：同上） （能带不定式结构作宾语补语的动词有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注：划线的动词后面的不定式不带to） to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university （考点：动词 + it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式。it是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语） to apply what we have learned in class to practice （考点：不定式作定语） （不定式常用作以下名词/代词的定语：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等） ruined our plan to show the film in the open air （考点：同上） the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs （考点：同上） American woman to explore the outer space （考点：由only, last, next，序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语） only to drop it on their own feet （考点：不定式作结果状语） to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village （考点：不定式作原因状语） to have taken up so much of your time （考点：1. 不定式作原因状语；2. 不定式的完成时） to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in （考点：不定式的进行式） to be treated as a guest （考点：不定式的被动形式） go to the campus bookstore to buy used books （考点：不带to的不定式） but play bridge the whole day （考点：同上） to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room （考点：当动词see, make, hear等用于被动语态时，不定式要保留to） 七、分词 “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian （考点：分词作宾语补语） （catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch等动词常用分词形式作宾语补语） parked in the fire lane （考点：分词作定语） killing thousands upon thousands of people （考点：分词作结果状语） raising the average yield by 15 percent （考点：同上） trying to deduce its operating principle （考点：分词作伴随状语） Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book （考点：分词作原因状语） Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds （考点：同上） Seen from the eyes of a young friend （考点：分词作方式状语） Not having heard from his parents for a long time （考点：1. 分词作原因状语；2.分词的否定形式；3.现在分词的完成式） 八、动名词 Taking a cold bath every day （考点：动名词作主语） making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do （考点：动名词作动词的宾语） （下列动词后的宾语只能是动名词而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can’t help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest） getting our goods into the international market （考点：动名词作介词的宾语） crying over spilled milk （考点：动名词用于固定结构。动名词经常与以下词组连用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point of, what’s the use of） having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper （考点：动名词的完成式） being promoted to manager （考点：动名词的被动式） 九、非谓语动词用法区别 working very hard. （考点：mean表示“意味着”） to drive there, but his car broke down （考点：mean表示“打算”） （类似需要区别的动词还有forget, remember, regret, go on, stop等） talking to his mother （考点：强调正在进行） talk to his mother for an hour （考点：强调整个过程） only to break his own leg （考点：意料之外的结果） breaking his legs （考点：意料之中的结果） to see his parents in good health （考点：不定式作原因状语位于句末） Seeing his parents safe and sound （考点：分词作原因状语位于句首） Following its footprints （考点：现在分词强调主动） followed by two body guards （考点：过去分词强调被动） 十、名词从句 Why they left their hometown for Yunnan （考点：主语从句） What confused me most （考点：同上） That this was done on purpose （考点：同上） who should be responsible for this matter （考点：较长的主语从句可以后置，用it作形式主语） whom Mary is engaged to （考点：同上） what can be done today （考点：宾语从句） what I have been looking for （考点：表语从句） whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision （考点：whether/if引导后置的主语从句） Whether she likes the present （考点：whether引导前置的主语从句） whether I should ask for another loan （考点：whether引导表语从句） whether they will support us （考点：whether引导宾语从句） whether I can count on your vote （考点：whether引导同位语从句） （9-12中的whether不可以替换为if） that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages （考点：同位语从句） that the chairman would agree to this proposal （考点：同上） 十一、定语从句 the house where Lu Xun was born （考点：先行词为地点，定语从句通常由where引导） on the day when his son arrived （考点：先行词为时间，定语从句通常由when引导） the reason why I am in favor of this reform （考点：先行词为reason，定语从句通常由why引导） a triangle whose three sides are of unequal length （考点：whose引导的定语从句） which made our journey more difficult （考点：非限制性定语从句） most of whom were English majors （考点：同上） As is known to all （考点：as 引导的定语从句） 十二、状语从句 Whatever we talk about　 （考点：让步状语从句） Whichever side wins （考点：同上） However hard some people in the audience tried to upset him （考点：同上） so that we might get a better view （考点：目的状语从句） that it took us nearly two weeks to solve it （考点：结果状语从句） as long as you promise to be back before 11 at night （考点：条件状语从句） as if it happened yesterday （考点：方式状语从句） 十三、比较级最高级 as gracefully as her sister （考点：同级比较） far uglier in London than here （考点：用副词或词组来修饰比较级） one of the best pictures that he has ever painted （考点：最高级） the thinner the air becomes （考点：“越……越……”结构） 十四、倒装句 when a knock at the door awakened her （考点：Hardly…when…结构） than she fell ill （考点：No sooner…than…结构） Nor did the wife say a word of welcome. （考点：nor表示“后者与前者一样地不……”） did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery （考点：only引导的状语位于句首，句子倒装） can we conclude the business （考点：同上） 十五、强调句 It was Jefferson who wrote（考点：强调主语） It is with genuine feeling that the author（考点：强调状语） It was because the water had risen that（考点：强调状语从句） It was Jim, the heartless fellow, who was heard（考点：强调主语） It was not until I told her that（考点：强调状语从句） PART2 1During the meeting,hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him 他一开始说话，就被听众打断了 　2 surrounded by the police, the kidnappers had no choices but to surrender on the spot (没有选择，只能投降) 　　3The concerned mother thrilled at the news of his son's having been admitted to the university(她的儿子被大学入取了) 　　4The lecture was so boring that the students couldn't help yawning(学生忍不住打起哈欠) 　　5I‘ll be very grateful if you could be kind enough to give me a ride to school(好心载我一程去学校) 6(除非你和保险公司签订了货物保险)Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled to a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery. 　　7It is reported that local health organization was established 25 years ago(据说当地的卫生组织25年前就成立了)when Dr.Mark became its first president. 　　8Mrs.Smith shut the window lest the noise outside (should) interfere with her son's sleep(外面的噪声会影响她儿子睡觉) 【音标】：[,intə'fiə] 1. 妨碍;冲突;抵触[(+with)] 2. 介入;干涉,干预 　　9The new mayor was charged with failure to fulfill his promise to decrease the inflation rate(未能履行他降低通货膨胀率的承诺) 　　10,When confronted with such question, my mind goes blank(每当我遇到这类问题，我脑袋一篇空白)，and I can hardly remember my won date of birth. ?The customer complained that no sooner had he started the computer than it stopped working(他刚启动计算机，它就不运转了) 　　11 What upset me was not what he said but the way he said it.(不是他说的话，而是他说话的方式) 　12 This piece of writing is more like a news report than a short story.(与其说是短篇小说，还不如说是新闻报道) 　13 The court ruling deprive him of his political right.(剥夺他的政治权力) 　　14 Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, while animal behavior depends mostly on instinct.(然而动物的行为主要依靠本能)。 　　15 The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, enables more women to take full advantages of employment opportunities.(使得更多的妇女能够充分利用就业机会) 　16 The likely reactions of the market needs considering carefully before action are token(在采取行动之前需要认真考虑) 　　17 He made such a contribution to the university that they named one of the buildings after him(以他的名字为其中一栋楼命名) 　18 He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, being considering insufficiently popular with all members(因为考虑他无法得到全体成员的欢迎) 19 Americans eat twice more protein than (两倍多的蛋白质)they actually need every day。 29 When you speak English, your pronunciation should be correct, otherwise you can’t make yourself understood.(否则人家就听不懂你的意思了) 　21 My little daughter Marry, began to adapt herself to campus life after entering college for three months.(进入大学三个月后开始慢慢适应校园生活) 　 22 Many drivers think it necessary that the government should lay down stricter traffic rules(政府制定更加严格的交通规则) 　　23 Depending on what you are looking form you have to judge for yourself, how relevant the material to you(这些材料对你來说有多大相关性) 　　24 The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.(等到完成的時候恐怕早就失去了所有价值) 　　25 It was imperative that the secretary get these documents prepared before Tuesday.(秘书在周二之前把这些文件准备好) 　26 No matter how frequently performed,(无论多麽频繁的演奏)the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. 　　27 To minimize the possibility of theft,(为了最大限度的減少盗窃的发生的可能性), install a good alarm system. 　 28 I don’t think it is wise of you to show off your greater knowledge in front of the director.(我认为在把主任面前卖弄你懂得更多知识是不明智的)，for it may offend him. 　　29 With repeated hacker’s attack on your system, we came to realized the necessity of hiring a computer security expert.(我們正逐渐意识到请一位计算机安全专家的必要性) 30Your work is good on the whole, but there is still room for improvement(但是仍然有需要改善的余地) 　　31 The sun gives off light and warmth, which makes it possible for plants to grow(这使得植物生长成为可能) 　　32 The father thought he could talk his daughter into changing her mind(他可以说服女儿改变主意) 　33 Nowadays advertising fees of new products are out of proportion to the cost of production.(与生产成本不成比例) 　34 Few people don't complain about the tedium of their jobs(很少人不抱怨工作点掉乏味), but they will feel more bored if they do not work. 　35 Henry has prepared a party for his girl friend, only to be told that she could not come by then(结果却被告知他到时候不能来) 　36 The chief reason for the population growth is more a fall in death rate than a rise in birth rate. 37Ture friendship foresees the needs of others rather than proclaims of ones' own.(而不是声明自己的要求) 38 although I liked the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it (但真正让我觉得买下它的)was the beautiful view through the window。 39 The government was accused of failure to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions.(没能实现其改善城市交通状况的承诺) 40.only in this way could we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.(我们才能在毕业之后尽快适应社会) 　　41.No sooner had I lit the candle than it was put out(我刚点着蜡烛，就被风吹灭了) 　　42.Surrounded by the police, the kidnappers had no choices but to surrender on the spot(没有选择只好当场投降) 　　43. I'm very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to write off my debt in return for certain services(作为一些服务的回报，我的老板慷慨的同意将我的欠款一笔勾销) 　44.Being out of work and having two children, the couple found it impossible to make ends meet(夫妻两发现勉强维持生计是不能的) 　　 45.Generally speaking, when taken according to the direction(按照说明服用时), the drug has no side effect。 　　46.Some people argue that most crime can be attributed to the greed for money.(可归咎于对金钱的贪婪) 　　47. Finding it difficult to adapt to that climate there(发现很难适应那里的气候), he decided to move to the north. 　48.Over a third of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.(没有机会享受医疗保健服务) PART3 (一) 1. It’s believed that mixed-ability teaching can _______________（促使他们知识的积累和经历的丰富）. 2. We _______________（使我们的行为符合别人的）based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. 3. The class are very active. They ________________（争先恐后地回答问题）. 4. Oxygen is ________________（一种能和许多物质化合的气体）. 5. Mr. Smith is ________________（这次事故的目击者之一）. 参考答案及解析: 1. enrich their knowledge and experience 2. fit our actions to those of other people 解析：本题意为：我们是基于一贯的评价和理解来使我们的行为符合别人的。“使……符合”可以直接用动词fit，而本句最容易出错的地方在于如何理解“别人的”，实际上，“别人的”是“别人的行为”省略。但是在翻译成英语时必须补齐“行为”才能避免意思含混。因此，不能译成fit our actions to other people。 3. vie with each other in answering questions 解析：本题考查固定短语“争先恐后”可以译成strive to be the first或vie with each other，vie是不及物动词，一般与with连用，表示“与某人竞争做某事”。另外，本题The class are very active的集合名词class指代班级成员因而谓语用复数。如果表示整体概念，则谓语用单数，如：This class is very large. It consists of 90 students. 4. a gas which unites with many substances 解析：本题主要考查“物质”的词义辨析。matter和substance侧重抽象的物质或某一事件；substance指某种质地、形体、特征或重要性的东西，侧重某个实体，如：a mineral substance（矿物）；Salt is a substance we use in cooking.（盐是我们做菜时用的东西。） 5. one of those who have witnessed the accident （二） 1.The students _____________ （有权进入） the library only in the afternoon. 2. （我们都很同情） _____________the husband who was bereaved of his beloved wife. 3. （如果我有钱了） _____________, I would like to cruise in the Southern Pacific for six months in a private yacht. 4.The soldiers_____________ （非常疲累由于没有休息一直向前走） in a blizzard. 5.No one likes _____________ （被当作） a poltroon. 参考答案及解析: 1. have access to 2. We all sympathized with 3. If I were rich 答案是IF I had money也可以哦！这题主要是考察were型虚拟式和情态动词表示的非真实条件句。 Were型虚拟式: 1) If I were you,…现在 2) If I were to stay here tomorrow将来 3) He were to have done it by last Friday过去. 只可以用were！！试着按照这种句型，造个句子，如：如果我会飞，那么…^_^ 4. are very exhausted for they have advanced forward without rest exhausted（adj.耗尽的, 疲惫的），表示疲累的另外两个常用形容词－tired、weary。这题难度不大，主要是对应词语的翻译和排列组合的问题。再提一次，表示原因的时候，用for是最简便的。 5. to be regarded as 注意前面是like，后面一定要记得加上to be/being，regard as （v.把...认作），看了答案，发现很多都不错，如treated as/recognized as等等。 （三） 1: _________________________( 我刚刚到家 ) than the telephone rang. 2:The old man regretted __________________________( 一事无成 ) in his life. 3:____________________( 他五十多岁 ), but he looks younger than his age. 4:Many big cities in the world ________________________( 正面临淡水资源短缺 ). 5:He said nothing, leaving me _____________________ ( 对他的计划毫不知情 ). 参考答案及解析: 1: No sooner did I get home 2: being nowhere 考察regret用法，regret to do 对要做的事(未做)遗憾， regret doing 对做过的事(已做)遗憾、后悔。 另外是关于“一无是处” 的表述啊～据我所知就有两种：be nowhere和accomplish nothing。 3:He is more than fifty years old 4:are facing the problem of lack of water resource. 考察leave sb.doing sth让人处于某种状态，做某事。而leave sb to do sth.指让某人停下手中正在做的事情去做另一件事 1. _________________（我没有买到一张好票）for yesterday’s movie. 2. It’s confirmed that _______________（铁路将延伸到我们村子）. 3. The new manager of our company _____________（有很强的事业心）. 4. When I walked past his house，________________（我听见他在弹钢琴）. 5. ________________（学生们应该从这里得出一条经验）：Don’t be misled by false appearances. 参考答案及解析： 1. I didn’t buy a good seat 解析：题中“好票”是一个干扰项，是典型的汉语表达。“没有买到一张好票”实际上是说“没有买到好座位”，因此不能译成I didn’t buy a good ticket。 2. the railway will be extended to our village 3. is a man of great enterprise 解析：本题也有很强的干扰性。考生易译成has a strong heart of career，这种翻译看起来与中文对应，实际上不能被接受，而且完全背离了原文的意思。“很强的事业心”有自己固定说法：sb. of great enterprise，也可以说成：be self-motivated and result-oriented。 4. I heard him playing the piano 5. Students should draw a lesson here 解析：本题意为：学生们应该从这里得出一条经验：不要被假象所迷惑。看到“经验”一词，大多考生会反应出experience，但根据全句意思可知，“经验”两字在这里并不是指取得成功之后所积累的经验，而是指从错误和失败中得出的教训。Lesson表示教训、惩戒、训诫等，在译文中能准确传递原文的内涵 （四） 1. We had better _________________（天天锻炼身体）. 2. _______________（为了不影响他们），we left quietly. 3. _____________（我答复她）that I would accept her invitation. 4. According to the newly-announced policy，we should ________________（努力搞活国有大中型企业）. 5. It has become an utmost urgency that ________________（必须清除政府中的贪污腐化现象）. 参考答案及解析: 1. take exercise everyday 解析：考生如果按照字面将此句翻译成train our body everyday，那么就完全不符合英文表达习惯。虽然train有锻炼、训练、培养之意，但一般用于train horses，train the football team，train athletes等，不能说train one’s body，“锻炼身体”的习惯译法是：do/take exercise。 2. Not to disturb them 3. I replied to her 解析：本题主要考查词义辨析。“答复”在英文里可以选用reply和respond，reply是比较正式的书面用于，有时也可以用于口头或行动上的应答，表示正式而且经过考虑过后的回答，指答复对方论点或问题等，侧重于答复的内容。Respond是比较正式的用语，往往对表示号召、职责、请求等作出相应的答复或反映。如：他没有对我的问题作出任何反应。（He didn’t respond to my question.） 4. invigorate the large and medium-sized stated-owned enterprises 解析：很多考生会把“努力搞活”翻译成endeavor to invigorate，try our best to invigorate。其实，“搞活”企业就必须付出“努力”，“努力”和“搞活”之间存在意义重叠。Invigorate已经包括“努力使活跃”的含义，因此没必要将两个中文单词都翻译出来。另外，大家要记住“国有企业”，“外资企业”（overseas-funded enterprises），“合资企业”（joint venture）的英文译文。 5. the administration must be cleaned of graft and corruption 解析：本题既考查了无主句的转换，又考查了抽象词的省译，还考查了固定短语搭配。句子需填入部分没有给出主语，“贪污腐化现象”不可能自己清除自己，因此最佳是译成被动句式；“贪污腐化”本身就是一种现象，英文不能重复译成the phenomena of graft and corruption；“清除”的常用搭配有：be eliminated from，be cleared away from，be cleaned of，be cleaned out，be weeded out。 （五） 1. There is no denying that _________________（成功的事业在于健康的身心）. 2. Her red face _______________（让我看穿了她的心思）. 3. The national key university has _____________（输送了大批人才）for the society. 4. While we were waiting for the coffee，________________（侍者拎来一篮桃子）. 5. As an old saying goes，“________________（诚实为上策）”. 参考答案及解析: 1. successful business lies in a healthy body and mind 解析：“事业”可以选择career和business，但两者有微妙的差别。Career侧重指生涯、经历。如：career diplomats（职业外交官）；a career criminal（职业罪犯）；a career girl（职业女性）；business侧重指一个人所从事的职业、工作或行业。另外，中文要求翻译“健康的身心”，这个短语包括两方面的含义，健康不仅指身体，还有心智。因此若翻译成a good health就会出现含义缺失。正确译文是a healthy body and mind。本句还考查了句型There is no denying…（毫无疑问），类似的表达还有：There is no way of doing. = There is no possibility of doing. = It is impossible to do. = It is out of the question to do. = No one can do. = We cannot do. 2. tells me what she is thinking 解析：本题考查了对句子内涵的理解。“看穿”可以用see through，“心思”可以用mind。但这句话却不能翻译成makes me see through her mind。因为see through是指透过表象看到事物本来的面貌和特征。说see through sb. 暗含这个人心里的鬼花样、小伎俩被识破。如：We saw through his superficial charm.（我们很清楚他的表面功夫。）而本句的正确释义是：她脸红了，我体会出她在想什么。Mind是指观点、主意、注意力或具有某种思想特征的人或人群。如：Nothing was further from my mind.（我从来没这样想过。）I can’t keep my mind on work.（我无法集中精神工作。）the medical mind（具有医学头脑的人）；the public mind（具有公众头脑的人）。所以，题中的“心思”用what she is thinking更贴切 3. prepared batches of qualified graduates 解析：翻译此句要注意词语的正确选择。“输送”是一个语义比较模糊的词，实际上是说“为社会培养出人才”，即：“为社会进行人才上的准备”。“人才”也是一个比较笼统的词。因为走出学校、进入社会，为社会服务的是大学毕业生，所以准确的翻译是graduates。 4. the waiter came up bearing a basket of peaches 解析：本题考生容易望文生义，把“侍者”译成servant，而servant在英语里是表示“仆人”、“佣人”，指那些为了获得工资，膳宿在别人家干活的人。原句中的“侍者”应该是指在饭店、旅店、餐厅里的服务生，因此用waiter更准确。“拎来”有两层含义：侍者朝我们走来；侍者手上拎了东西。Come up (to sb.)表示朝某人走来；bearing a basket of peaches将“拎着一篮桃子”处理成伴随方式状语，表伴随状态。 5. Honesty is the best policy 解析：本题考查首先要注意的是：前半句已经清楚表明双引号，因此句子需填入部分是一个完整的句法结构，翻译时不要忘记首字母大写，因为它是表示引用的内容。“上策”暗含一个比较，即：与其他特性（如狡诈、多疑、自大等）比，诚实才是正确选择。如果将“上策”译成a good way，就无法真实反映中文的韵味。“策”指策略，英语对应词是policy或strategy。另外，前半句的表达“俗话说”大家也要注意其他类似的说法：Well goes an old saying，“…”；As an old saying goes（runs，says），“…”；An old saying goes，“…”；It’s an old saying（that）…。 （六） 1. It was essential that _______________（我们在月底前签订合同）. 2. _______________（家庭人口多好还是人口少好）is a very popular topic，which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well. 3. We must _____________（用一切可能的办法来帮助他们）. 4. We ________________（尽情地吃了一顿）at the new restaurant last Friday. 5. To most of the travelers，________________（衣、食、住、行）are all important elements. 参考答案及解析: 1. We sign the contract by the end of the month 解析：当表示愿望，要求，命令等含义的形容词如advisable，appropriate，better，best，desirable，essential，fitting，imperative，important，impossible，incredible，insistent，natural，necessary，obligatory，preferable，proper，ridiculous，strange，surprising，urgent，vital出现在形式主语句中时，从句要用虚拟语气。“签订合同”英语固定说法是sign the contract。“在月底前”要用by the end of，而不是at the end of。 2. Whether a large family is good or not 3. help them in every way possible 解析：本题最有可能出现的译文是：use very possible way to help them。这样译文不能说错，但不是最间接、最好的翻译。英语里，通常把方式状语放在谓语部分之后，所以可得出译文：help them in every possible way。原句“可能”出现在被修饰语“办法”之前。根据英文习惯，“可能”的对应词possible应该放在所修饰的中心词way之后，所以有了最终译文：help them in every way possible。 4. ate to our hearts’ content 解析：本题让考生们困扰的是如何翻译“一顿”这个量词。其实，“一顿”是汉语特有的量词表达，是对“吃”这个动作的补充说明。“在那家新餐馆吃”就暗含了“吃了一顿”的含义。英语里没有“一顿”的对应词。一般来说，可以不译，不影响全句意思的表达。“尽情地”是个固定搭配，可译成：to one’s heart’s content或to the top of one’s bent。 5. food，clothing，shelter，and transportation 解析：本题要求考生熟悉汉英习语在转移时的异同。有些汉语习语在转移成英语时不需要变换位置。如：日日夜夜（day and night）；但也有一些需要改变前后顺序，如：新旧（old and new）；水火（fire and water）；田径（track and field）；钢铁（iron and steel）；贫富（rich and poor）；血肉（flesh and blood）。请注意本题中哪些词语的英译改变了顺序。 （七） 1. As a world trade organization，___________（没有中国），WTO will find it hard to play its due role. 2. It _______________（他突然想到）that the son might have killed has father. 3. It is reported that the company _____________（人力、物力、财力都不足）. 4. ________________（我们刚把麦子割下来）than it began to rain. 5. As an old saying goes，“________________（相见时难别亦难）”. 参考答案及解析: 1. without the participation of China 2. occurred to him suddenly 解析：本题在没有句首It的前提下，完全可以译成He suddenly thought out。正是由于句首的限制使得译文必须采用It occurs to sb. that，It strikes sb. that的结构，表示某人突然想到什么。 3. is short of manpower，materials and money 解析：本题考查对词义的准确把握。“人力、物力、财力”可以分别译为：labor，manpower/resource，materials/finance，money。Labor指的是劳工、劳力；resource指的是资源，它涵盖的范围很广，甚至也可以包括和财力资源。Finance强调资金、资本或金融。考生应当在比较后作出最佳选择。 4. No sooner had we got in the wheat 解析：本题考查虚拟语气的两个惯用句型：No sooner…than…；Hardly/Scarcely…when…。如：She had hardly got on the train when it started.（她刚一上火车，火车就开了。）要注意的是，两个句型都表示“一……就……”，主句通常用过去完成时态，从句用一般过去时态。如果表示否定的No sooner，Hardly/Scarcely放在句首，句子必须倒装。 5. It is unbearable to meet as well as to depart 解析：本题又涉及对俗语的翻译。这类翻译在上期第五题已经出现过一次。本句关键在于如何理解原文的“难”。Difficult是说需要相当大的努力或技巧的、艰难的、不容易做的事情。古语“相见时难别亦难”，是指久别的人特别盼望相聚，而相聚后有难忍行将分别的痛苦。因此，“难”是强调人的情感，用unbearable更贴切。 （八） 1. _______________（青少年犯罪的主要原因是由于）that social environment is becoming worse. 2. The workmen think _______________（遵守安全规则很重要）. 3. The new government was accused _____________（未实现其降低失业率的承诺）. 4. Only with combined efforts，________________（我们才能期望台湾不久有新的面貌）. 5. Several thousands of quake-smitten inhabitants ________________（得到了政府充分的救济）. 参考答案及解析: 1. The main reason why juveniles commit crimes is 解析：要正确翻译此句需要了解两点。第一，运用“……的原因是由于”的英语句型The reason why…is that…。在汉语句型里往往可以重复使用“因为”这个词，而英语只能用一次。第二，“青少年犯罪”叫做juveniles commit crimes，不能用young children，如：juvenile books（青少年读物）；juvenile fashions（青少年的时装）。 2. it crucial to abide by the safety regulations 解析：本题考查了think it important/necessary/crucial/enjoyable…to do sth. 的表达。“安全规则”可以译成safety regulations/rules，“遵守”可以用以下词汇或词语：abide by，observe，stand to。 3. of unfulfilling his promise to lower the unemployment rate 解析：本题意为：新政府因未实现其降低失业率的承诺而被控诉。由于题干已经给出…was accused，那么译文必须采用be accused of doing的结构。“未实现”不能用unrealize，unrealize是指“使不真实，使不实在”，用unfulfil更准确。To lower the unemployment rate作后置定语修饰promise。 4. can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course 解析：本句意为：唯有通力合作，我们才能期望台湾不久有新的面貌。由于句子是由only with开头，后半句必须采用倒装形式。另外，“期望……”通常用“expect＋that＋从句”或“expect＋to＋V.”结构。“呈现出新面貌”的惯用表达是：to take a new face/to take a new look.“不久”的说法较多：in the coming future；before long；by and by；soon；in due course。 5. got plentiful relief from the government 解析：首先肯定的是，本句时态要用一般过去时，因为从中文谓语部分可知这是对过去事实的描述。“充分的”在这里是表示“数量大的，供应丰富的”，所以不能选用表示程度的adequate；而abundant通常用在be abundant in短语中使用，如：be abundant in petroleum deposits（石油储量丰富）；这里可以选用plentiful，sufficient.“救济”是指public assistance，表示来自公共的物质援助。固定短语people on relief就是专门指接受救济的人。 （九） 1. It’s believed that mixed-ability teaching can _______________（促使他们知识的积累和经历的丰富）. 2. We _______________（使我们的行为符合别人的）based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. 3. The class are very active. They ________________（争先恐后地回答问题）. 4. Oxygen is ________________（一种能和许多物质化合的气体）. 5. Mr. Smith is ________________（这次事故的目击者之一）. 参考答案及解析: 1. enrich their knowledge and experience 解析：本题考查合译法，“积累”与“丰富”可以共用一个英语动词enrich，而enrich的前缀en-有“使……（怎么样）”的含义，如：encircle（圈住）；endanger（使危险）；enfranchise（使自治）。因此，“促使”可以省略不译。本句如果译成can cause the accumulation of their knowledge and the abundance of their experience也没有错，但行文复杂。六级汉译英虽然没有具体的字数要求，考生也应该在准确翻译的前提下尽量使语言精炼。 2. fit our actions to those of other people 解析：本题意为：我们是基于一贯的评价和理解来使我们的行为符合别人的。“使……符合”可以直接用动词fit，而本句最容易出错的地方在于如何理解“别人的”，实际上，“别人的”是“别人的行为”省略。但是在翻译成英语时必须补齐“行为”才能避免意思含混。因此，不能译成fit our actions to other people。 3. vie with each other in answering questions 解析：本题考查固定短语“争先恐后”可以译成strive to be the first或vie with each other，vie是不及物动词，一般与with连用，表示“与某人竞争做某事”。另外，本题The class are very active的集合名词class指代班级成员因而谓语用复数。如果表示整体概念，则谓语用单数，如：This class is very large. It consists of 90 students. 4. a gas which unites with many substances 解析：本题主要考查“物质”的词义辨析。matter和substance侧重抽象的物质或某一事件；substance指某种质地、形体、特征或重要性的东西，侧重某个实体，如：a mineral substance（矿物）；Salt is a substance we use in cooking.（盐是我们做菜时用的东西。） 5. one of those who have witnessed the accident 解析：本题考查句型be one of… 与be the only one of…的辨析。但one前面有the only修饰时，从句中的谓语动词用单数，如：She is the only one of the girls who shows special aptitude in singing and dancing.（她是这些女孩子中唯一在歌舞方面有特长的人。） （十） 1. Man，no less than the lower forms of life，_______________（是演化过程的产物）. 2. _______________（不止一个人觉察到）her agitation. 3. ________________（液体密度越大），the easier it is to float on it. 4. _______________（只有工人的要求得到满足）will they return to work. 5. Had ________________（要不是有水库）we’d never have been able to beat the drought. 参考答案及解析: 1. is a product of the evolutionary process 解析：单数名词＋with，together with，along with，as well as，accompanied by，no less than，rather than，in addition to，instead of，including，besides等＋名词结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Man在这里是个单数概念，指全人类，因此句子谓语部分要用单数is。再如：A technician，along with some young workers，is working on the design.（技术员正在和一些青年工人一道搞设计。）本题全句意为：人类，同生命的低级形式一样，是演化过程的产物。 2. More than one person has noticed 解析：many a或more than one所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词必须用单数。所以句子需填入部分谓语译成has，又由于“觉察到”暗示了动作已经发生，因此用完成时态。但是，考生要注意的是：如果more than one后面又出现了thousand，hundred等，动词就要用复数，如：More than one thousand graduates have responded to the Party’s call and gone to work in the border regions.（一千多名毕业生响应党的号召，到边疆工作去了。） 3. The denser a liquid is 解析：本题考查的是“the＋adj.比较级，the＋adj.比较级”的结构，表示“越……越……”。The denser在句中充当表语。当表语前置，主语和系动词用正常语序即可。当前置的表语为形容词词组、介词短语等，主语和系动词就要倒装。如：To north of the town was little village，where I spent my childhood in happiness.（在这个小城镇的北边有一个小村庄，我在那儿幸福地度过了我的童年。） 4. Only when the workers’ demands are satisfied 解析：本题考查only修饰的状语放在句首，主谓要倒装。Will they return to work已经给出暗示。此外，only＋副词，only＋介词短语置于句首，主谓也要倒装。如：Only with the aid of telescope can he observe the celestial bodies.（只有借助望远镜，他才能观测到天体。）值得注意的是：如果句首only修饰的是主语，则不需要倒装。如：Only Tom has been to the small island once before.（只有汤姆以前去过那个小岛一次。） 5. it not been for the reservoir 解析：由于句首已经给出Had，那么这里就是考查虚拟语气省略if引起的主谓倒装。由主句时态可知，从句情况与过去事实相反，因此用过去完成时态。另外，如果句首倒装的条件句含有否定词not，且had提前，一般不可使用省略式n’t，而应将not置于条件句之后。本题意为：若不是有水库，我们绝不能战胜干旱。 （十一） 1. If only _______________（你没把我的话告诉杰吉），everything would have been all right. 2. They had no sooner gone to the plant _______________（就开始干活了）. 3. Don’t trust such men ________________（当面过分称赞你）. 4. I’ve got many novels，_______________（其中一些很有趣）. 5. ________________（那两个国家中断了外交关系）on the eve of World War. 参考答案及解析: 1. You hadn’t told Jackie what I said 2. than they began to work 解析：在前面的练习中已经考查过no sooner…than，hardly/scarcely…when的用法。这里想再强调的是，no sooner…than只能用于过去时，一般不能和主句是现在时或将来时的句子连用，但hardly/scarcely…when有时可以用于现在时，表示一种经常性的行为，如：The day has scarcely broken when he gets up to study.（天刚破晓，他就起床学习。） 3. as overpraise you to your face 解析：本题考查as用作关系代词或关系副词引导出限制性定语从句的结构。这种结构在从句中通常左主语、宾语、表语和状语。as在这里作主语，指人。这句话相当于Don’t trust those men who overpraise you to your face。as用作关系代词或关系副词除了可以用在such…as的结构中，还可以用在the same…as的结构中。如：We drove out of the town by the same road as we had entered by.（我们沿着我们进城的同一条路开车出城。）as在这个句子中作关系副词。 4. some of which are very interesting 解析：本题考查of which在句中引导非限制性定语从句，当of which，of whom结构和some，all，both等代词或数词连用时，可以有不同的语序。所以答案也可以这样：of which some are very interesting。 5. The two countries broke off diplomatic relationship 解析：on the eve of表示“在……前夕”，on用来指代某一特定的时间。Break off是指to cease to be friendly，“断绝（关系），不再友好，绝交”。 （十二） 1. He works _______________（在倒数第二个办公室）. 2. The beauty of the lake is _______________（难以用语言形容）. 3. ________________（一个人如果关在家里），a person can’t know much about the world. 4. _______________（完成作业后），they went to the library. 5. I found him ________________（被打得青一块紫一块）. 参考答案及解析: 1. in the last office but one 解析：but经常与表示最高级的形容词或first，next，last等同连用，如：Some people say this nation is the cleverest but one in the whole world.（有人说，这个民族在全世界范围内聪明才智排第二。）She was the last but one to come.（她是倒数第二个来的。） 2. beyond description 解析：比起译文not easy to describe in words，cannot be described by words，答案的译文显然要精妙得多。beyond用作介词时可以表示exceeding，out the reach of，即：超出（理解、范围、眼界）之上。如：This passage is beyond my comprehension.（这篇文章超出了我的理解力。）I won’t buy your radio set beyond my offer.（只要超出我出的价钱，我就不买你这台收音机。） 3. Kept within houses 解析：过去分词短语作状语表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。Kept within houses要比If a person was kept within houses更简洁明了，且可以避免前后句person的重复。请看下例：Given more time, I can also do it.（如果给我足够时间，我也可以做此事。）过去分词短语还可以作原因状语、时间状语、伴随状语等。考生应注意复习。如： Influenced by his ideas, she joined the revolution too.（作原因状语） Heated，ice changes into water.（作条件状语） He went there with great hope，but returned greatly disappointed.（表伴随状况） 4. Having finished their homework 解析：我们知道，现在分词在句中可以表示原因、时间、条件、结果等。本题考查了现在分词短语作时间状语的用法。由后半句可知，“完成作业”发生在“他们去图书馆”之前，因此，现在分词短语需要用完成时态。如果分词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，就用一般式，如：Seeing the picture，he couldn’t help thinking of her. （一看到照片，他就禁不住想起她。） 5. beaten black and blue 解析：本题考点有二：一是如何表达习语“青一块紫一块”；二是过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。过去分词作宾语补足语改为被动语态时，可以省略to be，尤其是在like，want，order，wish后，如：I wish him driven away. ＝ I wish him to be driven away。换成被动语态后就是：He is wished (to be ) driven away. （十三） 1. The murderer deserves _______________（被绞死）. 2. _______________（他们来帮忙）encouraged me. 3. I was sorry ________________（没看上这部电影）. 4. In this night，if we can make good use of time，_______________（当然毫无疑问地我们会成功）. 5. The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other hand，the public also should ________________（培养减少污染的好习惯）. 参考答案及解析: 1. hanging/ to be hanged 解析：本题既可以用V-ing也可以用动词不定式。除deserve外，need，require，want后也可以跟主动语态的动名词，但含义却是被动的。如：Your windows need cleaning.（你的窗户需要擦。）His story requires investigating.（他说的话需要调查核实。）Your shoes want polishing.（你的鞋需要擦。）与这类用法很类似的是形容词worth后接动名词，其含义也属于被动。如：Your method is worth trying.（你的办法值得一试。）The novel is worth reading.（这本小说值得一读。） 2. Their coming to help 3. to have missed this film 4. there can surely be no doubt that we will succeed 5. develop the good habit of reducing pollution （十四） 1. We’ll be all right _______________（只要我们能到达下一个加油站）. 2. Seeing these pictures _______________（让我想到了我的童年时代）. 3. We all know the fact that ________________（他们已使工厂现代化）. 4. It is quite clear that _______________（整个计划注定要失败）. 5. All the lights in this building ________________（都受这个开关的控制）. 答案及解析: 1. if only we can get to the next petrol-station 解析：本题“只要”不能用as long as，as long as保留时间方面的含义，它引导的条件句中的谓语动词通常是延续动词或系动词，如：I’ll let you use the room as long as you keep it clean.（只要你能保持房间清洁，我就让你用这个房间。）如果条件句中的谓语动词表示短暂性的动作，最好用if only。本句中“到达”就是一个瞬间动词，因此不选用as long as。 2. reminded me of my own childhood 解析：一般说来，“让某人做某事”是祈使句，多用make sb. do/ let sb. do的句型。但题中情况较特殊。按英文表达习惯，使某人想起某事要用remind sb. of sth.的结构。如：The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.（这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。）This reminded her of college days.（这使她回想起了大学里的日子。）remember指“记住、牢记”，与remind…of有区别。 3. they have modernized their factories 解析：本题考查that引导同位语从句。The fact是先行词，指代后半句整个内容，“他们已使工厂现代化”是对先行词的补充。 4. the whole project is doomed to failure/fail 解析：that-从句作主语通常用it作形式主语，而将that-从句置于句末。如：It is a pity that you should have to leave.（你非走不可真是件憾事。）另外，“注定……”是一个固定搭配，be doomed to通常后接名词或不定式，如：The prisoner was doomed to death.（囚犯被判处死刑。）His dogmatism is doomed to put him into isolation.（他的独断专行注定使他陷入孤立。） 5. are controlled by this switch