创伤急救知识（Trauma emergency knowledge）

创伤急救知识（Trauma emergency knowledge） 创伤急救知识(Trauma emergency knowledge) Trauma emergency knowledge Choice question 1 which of the following injuries is the most fatal?. A, respiratory and cardiac arrest, B, bleeding, C, fracture, D, open injury 2. The binding area of the upper arm tourniquet is (). A, forearm B, upper arm 1/3 C, upper arm 1/3 D, hand 3. The binding area of the lower limb tourniquet is (). A, thigh 1/3 B, calf C, foot D, thigh 1/3 4. Tourniquet should be used at least once a month. A, 1 hours B, 2 hours C, 3 hours D, 4 hours 5, double cardiopulmonary resuscitation, blow / press correctly for (). A, 1/5, B, 2/5, C, 3/5, D, 4/5 6, single cardiopulmonary resuscitation, blowing / pressing correct for (). A, 1/15, B, 2/15, C, 3/15, D, 4/15 7. The correct part of chest compressions is (). A, double nipple line and sternal line intersection point B, chest C, abdomen D, navel 8. The correct frequency of chest compressions is (). A, B, 80-100 / min less C, no D, the more the better 9. The correct frequency of artificial respiration is (). A, the more the better B, C, 12-20 / min D, no less 10. Tourniquet hemostasis is applicable to the following (). A, big and small artery bleeding, B, chest and abdominal bleeding, C, no D, head and facial bleeding 11. The length of the splint required for fracture fixation is (). A, no B, the shorter the better, C, more than fracture, upper and lower joints D, the longer the better 12, spinal fracture should be used when transporting (). A, hard stretcher, B, soft stretcher C, carrying on the line, D, does not matter 13. How should the intestinal tract exposed to the abdominal opening be treated?. A, put back to the abdominal cavity, B, casually C, properly bandaged, fixed D, the above way will do 14, A index of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (). A, artificial respiration, B, chest compressions, C, unobstructed airway, D, and hemostasis 15, B index of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (). A, artificial respiration, B, chest compressions, C, unobstructed airway, D, and hemostasis 16, C index of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (). A, artificial respiration, B, chest compressions, C, unobstructed airway, D, and hemostasis 17. The characteristics of arterial bleeding are (). A, the color red, spray B, color dark red, red color, gush like C, D, says not clear exudation 18. How tight is the tourniquet?. A, the more tight the better, B, no bleeding can be C, no D, the more loose the better 19, bandage gauze requirements (). A, the best aseptic B, no C, white, you can D, looks clean can 20. During cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the injured should lie on the floor. A, hard ground, B, soft C, no D, hard ground or soft matter will do 21. The position requirements of the injured patients carrying the abdominal injuries. A, bend the hips, B, bend the knee C, bend the hips, D, does not matter 22 、 the correct way to transport the injured person is (). A, 3-4 people flat method, B, no C, 1-2 people flat support method, D, 1 people flat support method 23 、 the correct way to move the injured person in the cervical vertebra is. A, hand traction head, 3-4 people flat support method, B, 3-4 people flat support method, C, no D, 1-2 people flat support method 24. The characteristics of venous bleeding are (). A, the color red, spray B, color dark red, red color, gush like C, D, says not clear exudation 25. The characteristics of capillary hemorrhage are (). A, the color red, spray B, color dark red, red color, gush like C, D, says not clear exudation 26. The alternative to tourniquet hemostasis is (). A, B, pressure bandage hemostasis bear C, limb flexion plus pad method D, finger artery 27, use tourniquet, every 1 hours should relax once, relax time for (). A, A, 5-10 minutes, B minutes, C minutes, <3 minutes, D minutes, <1 minutes, <5 minutes 28, do not any equipment, simple and effective way to stop bleeding is (). A, B, pressure bandage hemostasis bear C, limb flexion plus pad method D, finger artery 29 、 the most widely used bandage for underground use is (). A, triangle towel, B, sterile gauze, C, bandage D, cloth strip 30. Can the fractured ends of the wound be returned?. A, can B, can not C, no D, see the situation 31, in the spinal column fracture patient's transportation process, should fix the body position is (). A, semi recumbent position, B, lateral position, C, prone position, D, supine extension 32, hemostatic for the treatment of injury is (). A, bleeding, B, open injury, C, fracture, D and all are above 33, the bandage for the treatment of damage is (). A, bleeding, B, open injury, C, fracture, D and all are above 34, fixed for the treatment of damage is (). A, bleeding, B, open injury, C, fracture, D and all are above 35. Clinical death is how long the heart stops. A, 5 minutes, B, 10 minutes, C, 15 minutes, D, 20 minutes 36. Biological death is how long the heart stops. A, 5 minutes, B, 8 minutes, C, 10 minutes, D, 15 minutes 37, how many times a person's heartbeat per minute?. A, 20 - 30 times, B, 30 - 40 times, C, 40 - 50 times, D, 60 - 100 times 38, how many people are the best to move the injured cervical spine?. A, 1 B, 2 C, 3 D, 4 39, how many breaths per minute do the normal subjects have?. A, 10 B, 15 C, 5 - 15 times, D, 16 - 18 times 40. Which of the following casualties are critically injured?. A, traumatic asphyxia, B, scalp laceration, C, lower leg fracture, D, skin bruise 41 which of the following materials should not be used as a tourniquet under normal circumstances?. A, rubber tube, B, elastic rubber band, C, pneumatic tourniquet, D, iron wire 42 If a tourniquet is placed under the upper arm, which of the following structures is most likely to be damaged (1\3)?. A, brachial artery B, skin C, median nerve, D and radial nerve 43, before the tourniquet should generally raise the affected limb for how long to increase the amount of blood. A, 1 minutes, B, 2 - 3 minutes, C, 5 minutes, D, 10 minutes 44. When the injured person appears, which of the following cases indicates a fracture?. A, bleeding, B, pain, C, deformity, D, unwilling to move, injured limbs 45 which of the following is not the purpose of fracture fixation?. A, reduce the pain of the wounded, B, prevent the shift of the fracture, cause further damage to C, prevent the occurrence of traumatic shock, D and stop bleeding 46. Where should the head be directed toward the injured person when carrying the stretcher?. A, front B, rear C, all can 47 、 which method is most commonly used when performing artificial respiration?. A, mouth to mouth resuscitation, B, mouth to nose breathing, C, supine chest compression, D, prone back compression 48 which of the following is not a manifestation of sudden cardiac arrest?. A, sudden loss of consciousness, B, disappearance of large arteries, C, restlessness, D, respiratory arrest 49. The precondition of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is (). A, keep respiratory tract unobstructed, B, heart press, C, artificial respiration, D, fixed fracture 50, when the adult heart presses, the breastbone subsidence scope is generally. A, 2 cm B, 3 cm C, 4 - 5 cm D, 7 cm 51 、 what kind of bandaging method is used for bandaging the wound on the joint site?. A, ring dressing, B, spiral dressing, C, 8 figure dressing, D and spiral reverse method 52, which one of the following statements is correct about dressing?. A, can touch the wound directly with your hand. B, you can't flush the wound with the sewage from the well. C, the bandage should be as tight as possible. D, the foreign body in the deep part of the wound should be removed 53 、 what kind of posture should be adopted for the transportation of injured or unconscious patients?. A, supine position, B, prone position, C, sitting position D, lateral position or supine position, head tilted to one side 54 cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in which of the following conditions?. A, cardiac arrest, B, bleeding, C, fracture, D, shock 55, which statement is wrong about CPR?. A, ensure airway patency, B, press force can not be too large, so as not to cause fractures, C, parts should be accurate, D, if you feel tired, can stop pressing for rest 56, about the treatment of critically wounded patients, the following statement is correct. A, must be immediately in situ rescue, smooth after the rapid transfer of B, without the rescue will transfer to the hospital C, only observe the condition can be D, do not take any measures, waiting for rescue 57, about the preparation before artificial respiration, the mistake is. A, first move the wounded to a safe, ventilated, warm place, B, lying flat on the ground, C, keep the airway unobstructed, D, in order to protect their privacy, not to expose the injured chest 58. The following statement about hand pressure hemostasis is wrong. A compression selects the proximal trunk of the artery in the bleeding region B compression selects the trunk of the artery at the distal part of the bleeding area C should press to the bone D, pressing with fingers, palms, or fists 59, about the fracture fixation, the correct is (). A, must use plywood for fracture fixation, B, fixed the more tight the better, C, if the bone broken end bare, can be reset D, if the wounded in shock, should first rescue, shock, fixed fracture 60, on the carrying of the wounded when the body position is wrong. A and chest injuries may be semi supine B, pelvic fractures can be supine, hip flexion, knees and knees soft pillow C, the abdomen injured can supine position, with a wide cloth belt tied in the abdomen on the stretcher to relieve the pain D, thoracolumbar fracture is advisable seat Multiple-choice question 1, coal mine trauma of "three high" means (). A, mortality rate is high, B, disability rate is high, C, incidence rate is high, D, survival rate is high 2, the more than 2 coal mine trauma refers to (). A, comorbidity, B, severe multiple injuries, C, single injuries, D, minor injuries 3 、 the commonly used methods of hemostasis are. A, tourniquet hemostasis, B, finger pressing, arterial hemostasis, C, limb flexion plus hemostasis, D and compression bandaging 4, the main diagnostic indicators of cardiac arrest (). A, sudden loss of consciousness or convulsions, B, large artery pulsation disappeared, C and heart sound disappeared, D, lethargy 5, the main content of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (). A, unobstructed airway, B, artificial respiration, C, chest compressions, D, and hemostasis 6, commonly used dressings have (). A, triangle towel, B, sterile gauze, C, bandage D, cloth strip 7, commonly used bone fracture fixation products have (). A, splint, B, cushion, C, bandage, D, triangle towel 8, commonly used transport goods have (). A, hard stretcher, B soft stretcher, C, hard board, D, bed sheet 9, bear hemostasis items (commonly used). A, strips, tapes, B, small sticks, C, soft D, iron wire 10, the use of tourniquet matters needing attention are (). A, do not directly stick to the skin, B and the site is correct, C, raise the affected limb, so that venous reflux D, and the use of time is not more than 1 hours 11 、 what is the situation of the following methods?. A, no fracture of forearm bleeding, B, no fracture of upper arm bleeding, C, no fracture of crus bleeding, D, no fracture of thigh bleeding 12, unstable fracture criteria are (). A, B, C, abnormal abnormal activity of bone fricative D and bone friction feeling 13, lumbar fracture may show (). A, low back pain, B, back and lumbar deformity, C, paresthesia of lower limb, D and abnormal motion of lower limbs 14, spinal injury commonly used transport objects have (). A, hard stretcher, B soft stretcher, C, hard board, D, bed sheet, 15, commonly used bandage winding method has (). A, ring wrap B, spiral winding C, spiral reverse winding, D, eight character winding 16. The purpose of fracture fixation is (). A, analgesia B, prevent shift C, prevent blood vessel nerve injury D, prevent traumatic shock 17, the bandage can play the following role. A, hemostasis, B, analgesia, C, prevent pollution, D, prevent infection 18. The precautions for fracture fixation are (). A, the action should be lightweight, B, fixed to be firm, C, elastic to moderate D, between the skin and splint to pad the appropriate amount of soft matter 19. The matters needing attention in packing are (). A, easy to move, do not hit the wound, so as not to increase the amount of bleeding and pain. B and wound dressings must be kept sterile so as not to increase the chance of wound infection; C, the bandage should be fast and reliable, the tightness should be appropriate D, knot, avoid wounds and less pressing parts 20. The moving position of the shock victim. A, supine B, foot down high C, no D feet high head 21, four basic emergency techniques, including (). A, hemostasis, B, bandaging, C, fixation, D and removal 22 、 in the course of the patients with spinal fracture, the wrong fixed position is. A, semi recumbent position, B, lateral position, C, prone position, D, supine extension 23. The wrong way to move the injured person in the cervical vertebra is. A, hand traction head, 3-4 people flat support method, B, 3-4 people flat support method, C, no D, 1-2 people flat support method 24. The wrong way to move the injured person in the lumbar spine is. A, 3-4 people flat method, B, no C, 1-2 people flat support method, D, 1 people flat support method 25. The following description of arterial bleeding characteristics is wrong. A, the color red, spray B, color dark red, red color, gush like C, D, says not clear exudation 26. The following description of the characteristics of venous bleeding is wrong. A, the color red, spray B, color dark red, red color, gush like C, D, says not clear exudation 27, according to the bleeding site can be divided into (). A, internal bleeding, B, arterial bleeding, C, external bleeding, D, and venous bleeding 28, the following description of capillary bleeding characteristics of the wrong is (). A, the color red, spray B, color dark red, red color, gush like C, D, says not clear exudation 29, use tourniquet, every 1 hours should relax once, relaxation time is wrong (). A, 5-10 minutes, B minutes, <5 minutes, C minutes, D minutes, <3 minutes, <1 minutes 30. The following way of dealing with the fracture ends of the wound is (). A, send back the wound B, cannot send back to C, does not have the so-called D, looks at the situation 31. The following is the wrong way to handle the exposed bowel. A, put back to the abdominal cavity B, casually deal with C, properly bandaged, fixed D, clothing fixed bandage 32 、 the wrong way to transport spinal fractures is (). A, hard stretcher, B, soft stretcher C, carrying on the line, D, does not matter 33 、 the length of the splint for fracture fixation is wrong. A, no B, the shorter the better, C, more than fracture, upper and lower joints D, the longer the better 34. The following description of the tourniquet scope of application is wrong (). A, big and small artery bleeding, B, chest and abdominal bleeding, C, no D, head and facial bleeding 35. The following description of the frequency of artificial respiration is wrong. A, the more the better B, C, 12-20 / min D, no less 36, the following description of the chest pressure suction frequency is wrong. A, B, 80-100 / min less C, no D, the more the better 37. The following description of the chest compression site is wrong. A, double nipple line and sternal line intersection point B, chest C, abdomen D, navel, 38. The following description of a single cardiopulmonary resuscitation blow / compression part is wrong. A, 1/15, B, 2/15, C, 3/15, D, 4/15 39. The following description of CPR / blowing / pressing parts is wrong. A, 1/5, B, 2/5, C, 3/5, D, 4/5, 40. The following description of tourniquet use time is wrong. A, can be more than 1 hours B, preferably no more than 1 hours C, does not matter D, above all right, 41 、 the following description of the tourniquet part of the lower limb is wrong. A, thigh 1/3 B, calf C, foot D, thigh 1/3 42. The following description of the upper part of the tourniquet is wrong. A, forearm B, upper arm 1/3 C, upper arm 1/3 D, hand 43. The following description is correct. A, arterial bleeding characteristics: the color is bright red, bleeding performance as jet shape. B and vein bleeding characteristics: the color is dark red, bleeding performance for pouring or evenly flowing C and capillary bleeding characteristics: color is red, bleeding manifested as exudation. D according to different bleeding manifestations, different hemostasis methods should be used. 44. The following description is correct. A and compression bandaging method is suitable for all kinds of wounds. B is a reliable non-surgical hemostasis. C, cover the wound with sterile gauze first, and then bandage it with a bandage or bandage. The bandage should be slightly larger than the wound. D, in the absence of sterile gauze, you can use sterilized sanitary napkins, napkins, clean towels and other alternatives. 45 describe the tourniquet used correctly. A, the left hand with a tourniquet, the upper left 15cm, close to the padded place, the right hand with a tourniquet long head. B, right handed tourniquet around the injured limb for 2 weeks, then the tourniquet to the left hand, the index finger clamping. C, the left middle, the index finger clamp the tourniquet, and then pull down the body into the ring. D insert the upper end into the ring and tighten it 46. The following material can be used as tourniquet. A, rubber hose, tourniquet, B, elastic rubber band, C, pneumatic tourniquet, D, triangle towel 47, the three principle in emergency treatment is (). A, asphyxia and cardiac arrest secondary to pulmonary resuscitation after handling the wounded must be B, for bleeding victims must first stop bleeding and move C, the injured patients must be fixed and transported first D, for pain victims, they must be carried away with pain killer 48, according to injury vascular classification, bleeding can be divided into (). A, arterial bleeding, B, venous bleeding, C, capillary hemorrhage, D, visceral hemorrhage 49 、 when the splint is used for the fractured patient, it is correct. A, the need for assistant traction injury limb B, bone protrusion parts should be padded to protect C, bundle splint when the tightness should be moderate, D, splint length and width to be appropriate 50, what are the commonly used handling methods?. A, stretcher handling, B, single handed handling, C, double handed handling, D, all of which are Judgment question 1, the suffocation or heartbeat, respiratory just stopped soon, the wounded must first recovery after removal. () 2, for bleeding wounded, first stop bleeding and then move. () 3, the fracture of the wounded, first fixed and then carried. () 4, when the wounded are more, usually the first to rescue critically ill, and then rescue the injured relatively light. () 5, for the same injured first rescue life, and then rescue local injuries. () 6, adult blood volume accounts for about 8% of body weight, or 4000 to 5000ml. () 7, external bleeding is the focus of on-site emergency. () 8, arterial bleeding is characterized by bright red color, the bleeding performance of jet shaped. () 9. The characteristic of venous bleeding is the color is dark red, and the bleeding is manifested by pouring or flowing evenly. () 10. The characteristic of capillary hemorrhage is the color is red, and the bleeding is oozing. () 11, according to different bleeding performance, we should use different methods of hemostasis. () 12 、 tourniquet time should be no more than 1 hours. () 13. The lower part of the tourniquet is 1/3 below the thigh. () 14. The upper part of the upper arm tourniquet is 1/3 above the upper arm. () 15. The fracture ends of the wound can be returned. () 16 、 use tourniquet every 1 hours should relax once, relax time is 5-10 minutes. () 17, alternative methods of hemostasis with tourniquet hemostasis is able to bear. () 18, double cardiopulmonary resuscitation, blow / press correctly for 1/5. () 19, single cardiopulmonary resuscitation, blowing / pressing correctly for 1/15. () 20. The correct way to transport the injured person in the cervical vertebra is to pull the head by hand, and the 3-4 hands are flat. () 21. The correct part of the chest compressions is the intersection of the double nipples and the midline of the sternum. () 22, the correct frequency of chest compressions as much as possible. () 23, the correct frequency of artificial respiration is as little as possible. () 24. Hemostasis by tourniquet is suitable for massive hemorrhage. () 25, spinal fractures can be carried by the use of soft stretchers. () 26, open abdominal trauma, exposed bowel should be returned to the abdominal cavity. () 27, cardiopulmonary resuscitation A refers to clear airway. () 28, cardiopulmonary resuscitation B refers to artificial respiration. () 29, cardiopulmonary resuscitation C refers to the chest compression. () 30, the main criterion of cardiac arrest is shock. () 31 fracture - loss of integrity or continuity of bone or cartilage. () 32, the purpose of first aid is not to reduce the fracture, but to prevent the fracture of the end of the movement. () 33, such as breathing, cardiac arrest or bleeding during transit, should stop for resuscitation or hemostasis. () 34. When the patient is suffering from dyspnea, take the seat and not carry it back. () 35. The tighter the tourniquet, the better. () 36, bandage gauze without special requirements. () 37, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the injured should lie on the hard ground. () 38, the bend plus padding method is applied to the forearm and leg bleeding without fracture. () 39. The purpose of fracture fixation is to reduce the fracture. () 40, dressings, touching the wound surface dressings must be kept sterile, so as not to increase the chance of wound infection. () 41 、 if there is fracture of spine or thigh, disable holding method. () 42, there are two kinds of handling methods: free hand handling and equipment (tools) transport. () Correct handling position 43, is a high head injured foot shock. () 44, when the fracture is fixed, between the skin and the splint must pad the right amount soft substance. () 45, bandage eight character winding method, can fix the joint. () 46, spiral bandaging method: for limbs, chest, back and waist, Wrap the bandage around the limb for 2--3 weeks, then diagonally upward, overlap, cover the 1/3---1/2, and secure with the knot. () 47, ring bandage: for hand, head, neck, foot wounds, bandage overlap, weeks after tying fixed. () 48, the finger (toe): finger artery compression respectively with the thumb and index finger (toe) on both sides of the finger (toe) artery occlusion. Apply to big bleeding of finger (toe). () 49, finger facial artery: suitable for facial trauma, bleeding. () 50, finger pressure artery hemostasis method: with finger compression wound near the heart artery, arterial pressure to the deep bone, blocking blood circulation. () Answer Choice question 1, A 2, B 3, A 4, A 5, A 6, B 7, B 8, B 9, B 10, A 11, C 12, A 13, C 14, C 15, A 16, B 17, A 18, B 19, A 20, A 21, A 22, A 23, A 24, B 25, C 26, A 27, A 28, D 29, A 30, B 31, D 32, A 33, B 34, C 35, A 36, B 37, D 38, D 39, D 40, A 41, D 42, D 43, B 44, C 45, D 46, B 47, A 48, C 49, A 50, C 51, C 52, B 53, D 54, A 55, D 56, A 57, D 58, B 59, D 60, D Multiple-choice question 1, ABC 2, AB 3, ABCD 4, ABC 5, ABC 6, ABCD 7, ABCD 8, ABCD 9, ABCD 10, ABCD 11, AC 12, ABCD 13, ABCD 14, AC 15, ABCD 16, ABC 17, ABCD 18, ABCD 19, ABCD 20, AD 21, ABCD 22, ABC 23, BCD 24, BCD 25, BCD 26, ACD 27, AC 28, AB 29, BCD 30, ACD 31, ABD 32, BCD 33, ABD 34, BCD 35, ACD 36, BCD 37, BCD 38, ACD 39, BCD 40, ACD 41, BCD 42, ACD 43, ABCD 44, ABCD 45, ABCD 46, ABCD 47, ABC 48, ABC 49, ABC 50, ABC Judgment question 1, yes 2, yes 3, yes 4, yes 5, yes 6, yes 7, yes 8, yes 9, yes 10, yes 11, yes 12, yes 13, wrong 14, yes 15, wrong 16, yes 17, yes 18, yes 19, wrong 20, yes 21, yes 22, wrong 23, wrong 24, wrong 25, wrong 26, yes 27, yes 28, yes 29, yes 30, wrong 31, yes 32, yes 33, yes 34, yes 35, wrong 36, wrong 37, yes 38, yes 39, wrong 40, yes 41, yes 42, yes 43, yes 44, yes 45, yes 46, yes 47, yes 48, yes 49, yes 50, yes