Unit 2 The Company Man综合教程三精编版

Unit2TheCompanyMan*Watchthevideoclipandanswerthefollowingquestions. WhydoesSamantharefusetoreadAlly’sresume?2.WhydoesSamanthaneedhelp?AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationBecauseshesays,“Referencesaremuchmoreimportantinthislineofwork.Tonyvouchedforyou.That’sallIcareabout.”HerhusbandhasbeenbackEastforthelasttwomonthsopeningtheirNewYorkoffice.Meanwhilesheisheredesperatelytryingtobalance—beingamother,beingafather,andrunninganentireadvertisingagency.Soshehascometotheinevitableconclusionthatsheneedshelp.*AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformation*Ally:Hi!AllyLeeds.Ihavea9:00withSamanthaRyland.Secretary:Yeah.Haveaseatrightoverthereandsheshouldberightwithyou.CanIgetyouanything?Araspberryscone?Ally:No,thankyou.I’mallergictoraspberries.Secretary:Okay.Justin:Oh,oh.Ohmy,I’msosorry.Ally:It’sokay.You’vegotalittlesomethingon…Justin:Ihaveinsuranceifyouwanttoexchangeinformation.Ally:You’vegot—you’vegotalittlesomethingonyourchin.Uh,letme.AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformation*Secretary:Justin,Dolan’swaitingforyouintheconferenceroom.Justin:I’llberightthere.Good?Ally:Yeah.Justin:Igottago.Secretary:Okay,theseareyourmessages.Andthat’sAllyLeeds.Your9:00.Samantha:Oh.Mm,10minutesearly.Promptnessisavirtuetoday.Howdoyoudo?SamanthaRyland.Ally:AllyLeeds.Samantha:Perfect.Followme.Holdmycalls…unlessit’sDonner.Ijustwantedtosaywhatanincrediblehonouritistofinallymeetyou.Imean,whatyoudidwiththeFioraPerfumelinewasgenius.AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformation*AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationAlly:Yeah,itsmelledlikewetdog.Well,Edwinlandusedtosaythatmarketingiswhatyoudowhenyourproduct’snogood.Samantha:Mmm,youdidyourhomework.Haveaseat.Ally:IsthattheoriginalPumpkinPatchDoll?Samantha:Sureis.PuttheRylandAgencyonthemap.Butthatwasalongtimeago.Whenmenweremenandadswereads.Let’stalk—what’syourname?Ally:Ally.Samantha:AllyLeeds.Ally:Letmegiveyouacopyofmyresume.*AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationSamantha:Ah,keepit.Referencesaremuchmoreimportantinthislineofwork.Tonyvouchedforyou.That’sallIcareabout.Sohowdoyoufeelaboutpersonalfitness?Ally:Ijogthreemilesaday.Samantha:AndShakespeare?Ally:Well,actuallyIplayedtheCourtezaninacollegeproductionof“AComedyofErrors.”Ibelieveinincorporatingalittledramaticflair—Samantha:Whatabouthomework?Ally:I’mabigbelieverofalwaysbeingprepared.*AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationSamantha:Terrific.Canyoubeavailableatamoment’snotice?Ally:I’mverydedicated.Samantha:AlsoI’mlookingforadisciplinarian.Ally:IranmydivisionfortwoweekswhenJohnsonwentonvacation.Samantha:Hmm.Good.IbelieveinbeinghonestsoI’mgonnabestraightwithyou.MyhusbandhasbeenbackEastforthelasttwomonthsopeningourNewYorkoffice.MeanwhileIamheredesperatelytryingtobalance—beingamother,beingafather,andrunninganentireadvertisingagency.IhavecometotheinevitableconclusionthatIneedhelp.Excuseme.*1.ArecentglobalsurveybytheCentreforWork-LifePolicy,aNewYork-basednonprofitgroup,foundthat45%ofexecutiveswere“extreme”workers,puttinginmorethan60hoursaweek.Some65%ofmensaidtheirworkstoppedthemfromhavingastrongrelationshipwiththeirchildren.Thesamewastruefor33%ofwomen.AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformation*3.Apersonwhoisaddictedtoworkmayexperiencedepression,anxiety,anger,highbloodpressure,andaweakenedimmunesystemasaresultofthehighstress.4.Spousesandchildrencanalsobeaffected,withworkaholicshavingahigherdivorceratethanothers.AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformation2.Workaholismhasnotbeenextensivelyresearchedanddoesnothaveaclear,clinicaldefinition,butitcanbeaseriousproblem.* Inacolloquialstyle,theauthorpaintsanironicpictureofthelifeofacompanymanandhisfamily.Themanwasaworkaholicwhodiedofaheartattack,whichsurprisednoone.Hedevotedallhisthoughtsandenergytoworkandeverythingelsewassecondarytothatandtheendmightbeconsideredtragicallyheroic:heworkedhimselftodeath.StructuralAnalysisTextAnalysis*StructuralAnalysisTextAnalysisTheintroductorypart.Thispartreportshowdevotedthemanwastohiswork.ThispartdescribesPhil’sroleinhisfamily.Thisistheendoftheessay.AfterthecauseofPhil’sdeathbeingrestated,theauthorgoesontoreportthecompanypresident’sinquiryforhissuccessor.14-16 Paragraph(s) Mainidea 1 2-6 7-13 *DetailedReadingTheCompanyManEllenGoodman1Heworkedhimselftodeath,finallyandprecisely,at3:00a.m.Sundaymorning.2Theobituarydidn’tsaythat,ofcourse.Itsaidthathediedofacoronarythrombosis—Ithinkthatwasit—buteveryoneamonghisfriendsandacquaintancesknewitinstantly.HewasaperfectTypeA,aworkaholic,aclassic,theysaidtoeachotherandshooktheirheads—andthoughtforfiveortenminutesaboutthewaytheylived.*3Thismanwhoworkedhimselftodeathfinallyandpreciselyat3:00a.m.Sundaymorning—onhisdayoff—wasfifty-oneyearsoldandavice-president.Hewas,however,oneofsixvice-presidents,andoneofthreewhomightconceivably—ifthepresidentdiedorretiredsoonenough—havemovedtothetopspot.Philknewthat.4Heworkedsixdaysaweek,fiveofthemuntileightornineatnight,duringatimewhenhisowncompanyhadbegunthefour-dayweekforeveryonebuttheexecutives.HeworkedliketheImportantPeople.Hehadnooutside“extracurricularinterests,”unless,ofcourse,youthinkaboutamonthlygolfgamethatway.ToPhil,itwaswork.Healwaysateeggsaladsandwichesathisdesk.Hewas,ofcourse,overweight,by20or25pounds.Hethoughtitwasokay,though,becausehedidn’tsmoke.DetailedReading*5OnSaturdays,Philworeasportsjackettotheofficeinsteadofasuit,becauseitwastheweekend.6Hehadalotofpeopleworkingforhim,maybesixty,andmostofthemlikedhimmostofthetime.Threeofthemwillbeseriouslyconsideredforhisjob.Theobituarydidn’tmentionthat.7Butitdidlisthis“survivors”quiteaccurately.Heissurvivedbyhiswife,Helen,forty-eightyearsold,agoodwomanofnoparticularmarketableskills,whoworkedinanofficebeforemarryingandmothering.Shehad,accordingtoherdaughter,givenuptryingtocompetewithhisworkyearsago,whenthechildrenweresmall.Acompanyfriendsaid,“Iknowhowmuchyouwillmisshim.”Andsheanswered,“Ialreadyhave.”DetailedReading*8“Missinghimalltheseyears,”shemusthavegivenuppartofherselfwhichhadcaredtoomuchfortheman.Shewouldbe“welltakencareof.”9His“dearlybeloved”eldestofthe“dearlybeloved”childrenisahard-workingexecutiveinamanufacturingfirmdownSouth.Inthedayandahalfbeforethefuneral,hewentaroundtheneighborhoodresearchinghisfather,askingtheneighborswhathewaslike.Theywereembarrassed.10Hissecondchildisagirl,whoistwenty-fourandnewlymarried.Shelivesnearhermotherandtheyareclose,butwhenevershewasalonewithherfather,inacardrivingsomewhere,theyhadnothingtosaytoeachother.DetailedReading*11Theyoungestistwenty,aboy,ahigh-schoolgraduatewhohasspentthelastcoupleofyears,likealotofhisfriends,doingenoughoddjobstostayingrassandfood.Hewastheonewhotriedtograbathisfather,andtriedtomeanenoughtohimtokeepthemanathome.Hewashisfather’sfavorite.Overthelasttwoyears,Philstayedupnightsworryingabouttheboy.12Theboyoncesaid,“MyfatherandIonlyboardhere.”13Atthefuneral,thesixty-year-oldcompanypresidenttoldtheforty-eight-year-oldwidowthatthefifty-one-year-olddeceasedhadmeantmuchtothecompanyandwouldbemissedandwouldbehardtoreplace.Thewidowdidn’tlookhimintheeye.Shewasafraidhewouldreadherbitternessand,afterall,shewouldneedhimtostraightenoutthefinances—thestockoptionsandallthat.DetailedReading*14Philwasoverweightandnervousandworkedtoohard.Ifhewasn’tattheofficehewasworriedaboutit.PhilwasaTypeA,aheart-attacknatural.Youcouldhavepickedhimoutinaminutefromalineup.15Sowhenhefinallyworkedhimselftodeath,atprecisely3:00a.m.Sundaymorning,noonewasreallysurprised.16By5:00p.m.theafternoonofthefuneral,thecompanypresidenthadbegun,discreetlyofcourse,withcareandtaste,tomakeinquiriesabouthisreplacement.Oneofthreethemen.Heaskedaround:“Who’sbeenworkingthehardest?”DetailedReading*1.Whatisthegeneraltoneofthisarticle?Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardPhil?Thegeneraltoneofthisarticleissarcastic.Indescribinginamockinglyseriousmannerdifferentpeople’sresponsestoPhil’sdeath,theauthorwantstomakethereadersseetheabsurdityofasocietythatproducessuchatragicfigureasPhil.Heis,inthedeepsense,sympatheticwithPhil,whoseignoranceofthecauseofhisowntragedyrendershimmoretragic.DetailedReading*2.Whydoestheauthorfrequentlymentionthetime“3.00a.m.Sundaymorning”?Thetimeisrevealing,fromwhichreaderscanbeeasilyattractedtogiveadeepthinkingaboutthecauseofPhil’stragedyfor3.00a.m.iswithinthesmallhourswhichmightindicatethatPhilhadfrequentlyworkedwellintothenightwhenalive.DetailedReading*DetailedReadingWhydoestheauthormentionthecompanypresident’sinquiriesaboutPhil’sreplacementattheendofthearticle?Fromthisdetailwecangettheideathatthecompany,aswellasotherpartsofthesociety,operateslikealifelessandruthlessmachineandallpeopleworkinginithavebeendehumanizedandtransformedintopartsofthismachine.Therefore,wecandrawthelessonthatPhil’stragedyisnotmerelyatragedyofhimself,butratherofallthepeoplewhoarenotawareoftheirmiserableexistenceordonothavetheinsightandpowertochangematters.*ClassActivityGroupdiscussion:Whyisn’tthenameofthedeceasedmentionedattheverybeginning?Unlikemostessayswhichusuallymakeitclearwhothecharacterisattheverybeginning,thisessaybeginswiththepronoun“He.”Attheendofthethirdparagraphwherethenamewasfinallymentioned,readersonlygettoknowthefirstnameofthedeceased,nothisfullname.This,ontheonehand,ismeanttogetthereadersinvolvedinfindingoutwhoisbeingdiscussed,andontheother,suggeststhefactthatworkaholismhasbecomeacommonphenomenon.Thedeceasedwasonlyoneofthemanyworkaholicswhoburythemselvesintheirworkandforgetallabouttheirindividuality.DetailedReading*todeathusedafteranadjectiveoraverbtoemphasizetheaction,state,orfeelingmentionede.g.worriedtodeath;frightenedtodeath;boredtodeath;starvetodeath;puttodeathDetailedReading*DetailedReadingobituary(infmlobit)n.printednotice(e.g.inanewspaper)ofaperson’sdeath,oftenwithashortaccountofhislifeandachievements*coronarythrombosisobstructionofacoronaryarterybyathrombus,oftenleadingtodestructionofheartmuscle（心脏的）冠状动脉血栓症DetailedReading*overweightadj.(ofpeople)tooheavyandfatDetailedReadingCollocations:abit/alittle/slightlyoverweighte.g.Hewastallandslightlyoverweight.He’sabitoverweight,nottoomuch.seriously/heavilyoverweight(=veryoverweight)e.g.Beingseriouslyoverweightdoublestheriskofheartdisease.grosslyoverweight(=extremelyoverweight)e.g.Thevetsaidthedogwasgrosslyoverweightandthatitwasaffectinghisheart.be5kilos/20pounds,etc.overweighte.g.I’mabout15poundsoverweightrightnow.*Comparison:fat:havingtoomuchfleshonyourbody.Itisrudetotellsomeonedirectlythattheyarefat.DetailedReadinge.g.Shethinksshe’sfat.Helooksthesame,justalittlefatter.overweight:weighingmorethanyoushould.Manydiseasesarecausedbybeingoverweight.Shewasseveralkilosoverweight.large:usedwhensayingthatsomeoneistallandoftenfat.“Large”ismorecommonthan“big”inwrittenEnglish.Myfatherwasalargeman.twolargeladiese.g.e.g.*DetailedReadingComparison:obese:extremelyfatinawaythatisunhealthye.g.Hewenttoasummercampforobeseteenagers.chubby:slightlyfatinanice-lookingway(usedespeciallyaboutbabiesandchildren)Achubbylittlebabywasplayingontherug.plump:awomanorchildwhoisplumpisslightlyfat,especiallyinapleasantwayHermotherwasaplumpcheerfulwoman.e.g.e.g.flabby:havingsoftloosefleshratherthanstrongmusclesaflabbystomachHerbodywasgettingoldandflabby.e.g.*DetailedReadingComparison:portly:(literary)fatandround—usedespeciallyaboutanoldmane.g.Thebishopwasaportlymiddle-agedgentleman.*survivev.livelongerthansb.else,usuallysb.closelyrelatedtoyouDetailedReadingPractice那老太太的子女都先她而去世了。Theoldladyhassurvivedallherchildren.*lineupn.alineofpeoplethatisformedforinspectionoridentificationDetailedReading*Hehadnooutside“extracurricularinterests,”unless,ofcourse,youthinkaboutamonthlygolfgamethatway.(Paragraph4)Paraphrase:Hehaddedicatedallhistimetohisworkandhadnohobbyatall,exceptthatheplayedagolfgameeverymonth,whichcannotbetakenasahobbyanyway.DetailedReading*Shehad,accordingtoherdaughter,givenuptryingtocompetewithhisworkyearsago,whenthechildrenweresmall.(Paragraph7)Paraphrase:Theirdaughtersaidthat,whenthechildrenwerestillsmall,herfatherhadbecomeacompanymanandhermotherhadgivenupanyattempttokeephimathome.DetailedReading*PhrasePracticeWordDerivationSynonym/AntonymVocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar*4)Idoubtthattheyareabletogettheproblemsbeforethedeadline.1)Thesevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)isafataldisease.ThousandsofpeopleinAsiahaveitinthepasttwoyears.VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammardiedof________2)ChinesefansoftenhavetotowatchthelivetransmissionofEuropeanfootballmatches.stayup________3)SometimesIdon’tunderstandJeremy;heseemstohavehurtthefeelingsofeveryonewhohimincludinghiswife.caresfor__________straightenedout__________________Fillintheblankineachsentencewithanappropriatephrasalverborcollocationfromthetext.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar5)Itwascuriousthatthechildrenshouldhavetheirgrandparentseasilyfromtheoldphotographs.pickedout___________*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammare.g.现在有很多人死于癌症。Nowadaysmanypeopledieofcancer.dieof:stoplivingorcometotheendofone’slifebecauseofsomedisease*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammare.g.她答应孩子们可以晚点儿睡，看他们最喜爱的电视节目。ShepromisedthechildrentheycouldstayupfortheirfavouriteTVprogramme.stayup:remainawake;notgotobed*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammare.g.他深深地爱着她。Hecaresforherdeeply.carefor:likeorlove*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammare.g.我们会把情况弄清的。We’llgetthecasestraightenedout.straightenout:dealwithaproblemoraconfusedsituationandmakeitbetter,especiallybyorganizingthings*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammare.g.很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子很高。It’seasytopickhimoutinacrowdbecauseheisverytall.pickout:recognizesb.orsth.inagroupofpeopleorthings*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar1)widown.→widoweda.e.g.她守寡十年了。一个寡母要抚养四个孩子长大成人确实不易。Shehasbeenawidowfortenyears.It’sreallynoteasyforawidowedmothertorearupfourchildren.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar2)nerven.→nervousa.→nervelessa.e.g.当赛车手要有胆量。她胆怯地一笑。刀子从她那无力的手中落下。Ittakesnervetobearacingdriver.Shegaveanervouslaugh.Theknifefellfromhernervelessfingers.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar3)precisea.→precisionn.→preciselyadv.e.g.那东西正好在她遗落的那个地点找到了。你的不够准确。那正是我的意思。Itwasfoundattheprecisespotwhereshehadleftit.Yourreportlacksprecision.ThatispreciselywhatImean.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar4)competev.→competitivea.→competitionn.e.g.几家公司正为争取一项而互相竞争。我们公司在世界市场上已不占优势。他获诗歌比赛第一名。Severalcompaniesarecompeting(against/witheachother)forthecontract/togainthecontract.Ourfirmisnolongercompetitiveinworldmarkets.Hecamefirstinthepoetrycompetition.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar5)executev.→executionn.e.g.他因叛国罪被处死。这些计划最终得以实施。Hewasexecutedfortreason.Theplanswerefinallyputintoexecution.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar6)presidev.→presidentn.→presidencyn.e.g.首相主持内阁会议。他被任命为板球俱乐部会长。他获选连任总统。ThePrimeMinisterpresidesatmeetingsoftheCabinet.Hewasmadepresidentofthecricketclub.Hewaselectedtoasecondpresidency.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar7)marryv.→maritala.→marriagen.e.g.哪位牧师来为他们主持婚礼?拉丽莎40几岁，徐娘半老，爱喝酒，婚姻也不如意。她的第一次婚姻维持了五年。Whichpriestisgoingtomarrythem?Afadingwomaninher40s,Larisahadbothdrinkingandmaritalproblems.Herfirstmarriageendedafterfiveyears.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar8)companyn.→accompanyv.→companionn.e.g.观其友则知其人。我得要求你陪我去一趟警察局。狗是忠实的伙伴。Youmayknowamanbythecompanyhekeeps.Imustaskyoutoaccompanymetothepolicestation.Adogisafaithfulcompanion.*immediately1.Heworkedhimselftodeath,finallyandprecisely,at3:00a.m.Sundaymorning.Synonym:exactly2.Itsaidthathediedofacoronarythrombosis—Ithinkthatwasit—buteveryoneamonghisfriendsandacquaintancesknewitinstantly.Synonym:VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar*3.HewasaperfectTypeA,aworkaholic,aclassic,theysaidtoeachotherandshooktheirheads—andthoughtforfiveortenminutesaboutthewaytheylived.Antonyms:slacker,idler,loafer4.Heissurvivedbyhiswife,Helen,forty-eightyearsold,agoodwomanofnoparticularmarketableskills,whoworkedinanofficebeforemarryingandmothering.Synonym:outlivedVocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar*5.Inthedayandahalfbeforethefuneral,hewentaroundtheneighborhoodresearchinghisfather,askingtheneighborswhathewaslike.Theywereembarrassed.Synonyms:disconcerted,abashed6.Atthefuneral,thesixty-year-oldcompanypresidenttoldtheforty-eight-year-oldwidowthatthefifty-one-year-olddeceasedhadmeantmuchtothecompanyandwouldbemissedandwouldbehardtoreplace.Antonym:livingVocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar*7.Philwasoverweightandnervousandworkedtoohard.Antonyms:underweight,slimVocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar8.Youcouldhavepickedhimoutinaminutefromalineup.Synonym:queue*VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingPresentPerfectPresentPerfectProgressive*1)PresentPerfectThepresentperfectexpressesanactionthatisstillgoingonorthathasstoppedrecently,butstillhasaninfluenceonthepresent.Itputsemphasisontheresult.VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingUseofpresentperfectputtingemphasisontheresultExample:theactionthatisstillgoingonExample:Shehaswrittenfiveletters.Schoolhasnotstartedyet.*VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingtheactionthathasstoppedrecentlyExample:thefinishedactionthathasaninfluenceonthepresentExample:Shehascookeddinner.Ihavelostmykey.theactionthathastakenplaceonce,neverorseveraltimesbeforethemomentofspeakingExample:IhaveneverbeentoAustralia.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar2)PresentPerfectProgressiveThepresentperfectprogressiveexpressesanactionthathasrecentlystoppedorisstillgoingon.Itputsemphasisonthedurationorcourseoftheaction.Useofpresentperfectprogressiveputtingemphasisonthedurationorcourseofanaction(nottheresult)Example:theactionthathasrecentlystoppedorisstillgoingonExample:Shehasbeenwritingfortwohours.Ihavebeenlivingheresince2001.thefinishedactionthathasaninfluenceonthepresentExample:Ihavebeenworkingallafternoon.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammarThepresentperfectprogressivefocusesonthecourseoftheactivityoreventwhichmayormaynotbefinished.Thepresentperfectfocusesontheresultoftheactivityorevent,orjustthefactthatsomethinghasbeenachieved.*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammarPracticePuttheverbsinbracketsintothecorrectform:presentperfectorpresentperfectprogressive.1)I’mpleasedtosaythattheteam(play)wellallseason.2)Inrecentyears,thecompany(put)alotofmoneyintodevelopingadvancedtechnology.havebeenplaying/haveplayedWecanuseeitherthepresentperfectprogressiveorthepresentperfecttotalkabouttheactivitiesoreventsthatarerepeatedagainandagainuntilnow.hasbeenputting/hasput_____________________________*VocabularyTranslationIntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar3)They(pull)downmostofthehousesinthisstreet,butthey(nottouch)theoldshopatthecorneryet.4)I(wait)forthepricesofthehousestocomedown,butIthinkI(wait)toolongandthepricesarebeginningtogoupagain.5)I(justpick)tenpoundsofstrawberries!I(grow)strawberriesforyearsbutI(neverhave)suchagoodcropbefore.havepulleddown___________________haven’ttouched___________________havebeenwaiting_____________________havewaited_____________havejustpicked__________________havegrown/havebeengrowinghaveneverhad___________________________________________________