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ASME Y14.42-2002 数字化审批系统

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ASME Y14.42-2002 数字化审批系统 DIGITAL APPROVAL SYSTEMS ASME Y14.42-2002 DIGITAL APPROVAL SYSTEMS An Amer ican Nat iona l Standard Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices An Amer ican Nat iona l Standard ASME ...
ASME Y14.42-2002  数字化审批系统
DIGITAL APPROVAL SYSTEMS ASME Y14.42-2002 DIGITAL APPROVAL SYSTEMS An Amer ican Nat iona l Standard Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices An Amer ican Nat iona l Standard ASME Y14.42-2002 Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=FMC Technologies /5914950002 Not for Resale, 05/06/2009 22:13:43 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,``````,,,```,,,,,```,``,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- ASME Y14.42 ADOPTION NOTICE ASME Y14.42, Digital Approval Systems, was adopted on 11 November 2002 for use by the Department of Defense, DoD. Proposed changes by DoD activities must be submitted to the DoD Adopting Activity: Commander, U.S. Army TACOM-ARDEC, ATTN: AMSTA-AR-QAW-E, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000. Copies of this document may be purchased from The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), 22 Law Drive, PO Box 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900; http://www.asme.org. Custodians: Adopting Activity: Army — AR Army — AR Navy — SA Air Force — 16 (Project DRPR — 0366) DLA — DH Review Activities: Army — AT, AV, CE, CR, EA, GL, MI, SM, TE Navy — AS, CH, EC, MC, OS, SH, TD, YD Air Force — 11, 13, 19, 68, 70, 71, 84, 99 DLA — CC, GS, IS NSA — NS AMSC N/A AREA DRPR DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=FMC Technologies /5914950002 Not for Resale, 05/06/2009 22:13:43 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , ` ` ` ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` , , , , , ` ` ` , ` ` , , ` ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - A N A M E R I C A N N A T I O N A L S T A N D A R D DIGITAL APPROVAL SYSTEMS ASME Y14.42-2002 Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=FMC Technologies /5914950002 Not for Resale, 05/06/2009 22:13:43 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , ` ` ` ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` , , , , , ` ` ` , ` ` , , ` ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - Date of Issuance: April 11, 2003 This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will be no addenda or written interpretations of the requirements of this Standard issued to this edition. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright © 2003 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=FMC Technologies /5914950002 Not for Resale, 05/06/2009 22:13:43 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,``````,,,```,,,,,```,``,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Standards Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v 1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.3 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2.1 Approval Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2.2 Authentication and Verification of Approval Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.3 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.4 Revisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 iii Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=FMC Technologies /5914950002 Not for Resale, 05/06/2009 22:13:43 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , ` ` ` ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` , , , , , ` ` ` , ` ` , , ` ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - FOREWORD Since the first national standard for engineering drawings, Standards for Cross-Sections, was published by ASME in 1914, the field of engineering documentation has steadily become increasingly versatile and sophisticated. Digital approval systems are now part of the new world of engineering documents that includes the use of computers and digital modeling applications and techniques. This is the first standard on digital approval systems for engineering documen- tation. The U.S. government and industry are encouraging the active development and use of tools to facilitate electronic commerce, of which a digital approval system is one. In the early 1990s, work on MIL-STD-100 revealed an increasing need to the engineering community for electronic approval systems. To address this need, a proposal was made to the ASME Y14 Main Committee to define the minimum requirements for a digital approval system. After investigating the need for such a standard, ASME Y14 Subcommittee 42 was established in December, 1998. This Standard is the result of their effort. During this effort, various documents and standards were reviewed [e.g., Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS), International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards, and other published standards, both government and industry] for technical content and applicability. Suggestions for improvement of this Standard are welcome. They should be sent to: The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Attention: Secretary, Y14 Main Committee, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990. This Standard was approved as an American National Standard on November 20, 2002. iv Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=FMC Technologies /5914950002 Not for Resale, 05/06/2009 22:13:43 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , ` ` ` ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` , , , , , ` ` ` , ` ` , , ` ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - ASME STANDARDS COMMITTEE Y14 Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices (The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.) OFFICERS F. Bakos, Chair K. E. Wiegandt, Vice Chair C. J. Gomez, Secretary COMMITTEE PERSONNEL A. R. Anderson, Dimensional Control System, Inc. J. B. Baker, Consultant F. Bakos, Consultant J. V. Burleigh, The Boeing Co. R. A. Chadderdon, Southwest Consultants M. E. Curtis, Jr., Rexnord Corp. D. E. Day, Monroe Community College B. Dinardo, U.S. Department of the Army, ARDEC C. W. Ferguson, WM Education Services L. W. Foster, L. W. Foster Associates, Inc. C. J. Gomez, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers B. A. Harding, Purdue University K. S. King, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren Division A. Krulikowski, General Motors Powertrain H. S. Lachut, Alstom Power, Inc. P. J. McCuistion, Ohio University E. Niemiec, MTD Products, Inc. R. L. Nieukirk, Caterpillar, Inc. K. E. Wiegandt, Sandia National Laboratory B. A. Wilson, The Boeing Co. P. Wreede, Consultant SUBCOMMITTEE 42 — ELECTRONIC APPROVAL SYSTEMS L. R. Lange, Chair, Consultant L. G. Davis, U.S. Air Force J. Gagnon, Hamilton Sundstrand Corp. D. Hagler, L-3 Communications L. G. Hogue, Naval Air Systems Command L. Holmes, Raytheon Co. C. Houk, Hamilton Standard J. M. Noble, The Boeing Co. B. Pizarek, Orthopaedic Biosystems Ltd., Inc. T. T. Taylor, S.W.P.C. K. L. Walter, DKW Imaging Services A. J. Yablonicky, U.S. Army v Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=FMC Technologies /5914950002 Not for Resale, 05/06/2009 22:13:43 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,``````,,,```,,,,,```,``,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- vi Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=FMC Technologies /5914950002 Not for Resale, 05/06/2009 22:13:43 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , ` ` ` ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` , , , , , ` ` ` , ` ` , , ` ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - ASME Y14.42-2002 ENGINEERING DRAWING AND RELATED DOCUMENTATION PRACTICES DIGITAL APPROVAL SYSTEMS 1 GENERAL 1.1 Scope This Standard provides the minimum requirements for the development of a digital approval system for engineering documentation. 1.2 References When the following American National Standards referred to in this Standard are superceded by a revision approved by the American National Standards Institute, Inc., the revision shall apply. ASME Y14.1, Decimal Inch Drawing Sheet Size and Format ASME Y14.1M, Metric Drawing Sheet Size and Format ASME Y14.35M, Revision of Engineering Drawings and Associated Documents ASME Y14.100, Engineering Drawing Practices Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical Engi- neers (ASME International), Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990; Order Department: 22 Law Drive, Box 2300, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2300 1.3 Definitions approval indicator: any symbol adopted by the design activity to indicate approval. associated documents: general reference to documentation supportive of and directly related to drawing content, such as Parts Lists, Data Lists, Index Lists, Wiring Lists, and Application Lists (see ASME Y14.35M). authentication: the process of verifying the claimed iden- tity of a document’s author and approver(s). biometrics: the use of biological properties to identify individuals, e.g., finger prints, a retina scan, voice recog- nition, etc. cryptographic key: a string of bits used widely in cryptog- raphy, to encrypt and decrypt data. digital signature: a person’s signature transmitted in a coded form (from a computer) by discrete signal ele- ments such that the identity of the signatory and integ- rity of the data can be verified. drawing: an engineering document or digital data file(s) that discloses (directly or by reference), by means of 1 graphic or textural presentations, or by combinations of both, the physical or functional requirements of an item (see ASME Y14.100). signature: one’s name as written by oneself. 2 REQUIREMENTS Digital approval systems shall provide for the admin- istration and digital application of unique approval indi- cators. These systems shall be amenable to human and machine-readable protocols, provide for accurate data entry, and provide for accountability and traceability. 2.1 Approval Indicator An approval indicator, as used in this Standard, is a symbol of personal identification with the same author- ity as a manually applied signature. It shall be unique, verifiable, applicable to, controlled and applied by an individual, and affixed or hyperlinked to the approved data. 2.1.1 Composition of an Approval Indicator. Approval indicators may consist of any symbol(s), letter(s), num- ber(s); grouping or combinations of symbol(s), letter(s), number(s); or a digital signature. Standard and com- monly used machine-readable markings (e.g., 2D bar code, matrix code, etc.) may be used as approval indi- cators. Trademarks, company logos, etc., shall not be used alone as an approval indicator. However, when com- bined with the approval indicator, such symbols provide clear association with a specific organization or function. 2.1.2 Approval Indicators for Engineering Data. A mechanism shall be established and maintained to verify and associate approval indicators to an individual. Uni- formity of approval indicator placement should be estab- lished by company procedures, standards, or policies to enhance visibility and reduce searching. When engineering data is presented or displayed on an engineering drawing utilizing a drawing sheet format in accordance with ASME Y14.1 or ASME Y14.1M, the approval indicator(s) shall be affixed, or hyperlinked, in the appropriate signature block(s). When engineering data is presented or displayed without a drawing sheet format, the approval indicator Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=FMC Technologies /5914950002 Not for Resale, 05/06/2009 22:13:43 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,``````,,,```,,,,,```,``,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- ASME Y14.42-2002 DIGITAL APPROVAL SYSTEMS shall be affixed or hyperlinked in a manner to be readily visible and accessible without affecting the technical contents of the engineering data. 2.1.3 Manual Drawings. Manually prepared and approved drawings and associated documents may be exempt from the requirements of this Standard. When manually prepared and approved drawings are con- verted to digital file formats, the use of a digital approval indicator should be considered for future revisions. 2.1.4 Printouts of Digital Documents. Hard copy printouts of digital drawings shall contain dated indica- tion that the document has been approved. 2.1.5 Digital Copies of Digital Documents. When approval indicators reside in separate documents and are hyperlinked to the digital drawing, the approval indicators shall be affixed to the digital copy of the document. 2.2 Authentication and Verification of Approval Indicators Authentication applies to the validation of the approval indicator. Verification of an approval indicator applies to the validation of the approval process. 2.2.1 Authentication. A system of authentication shall be developed to ensure the accuracy of the approval indicator. The authentication of an approval indicator is the process that validates the unique association of the owner of the indicator to the indicator. Methods for user authentication may be extended to provide approval indicators by combining them with cryptographic tech- niques of various kinds. Examples of technologies that have been developed for user authentication include: password systems, cryptographic systems, and biomet- rics identification methods. 2.2.2 Verification. Approval indicator verification is a process whereby all users of a document are assured that an authentic approval indicator has been used. In general, the document, the approval indicator, and other information, such as cryptographic keys or biometrics templates, may be used. 2.3 Security The digital approval system shall be protected with a security system that protects both the system and the data within the system from unauthorized access or modification. 2.3.1 Integrity. The digital approval system shall identify valid approvals of the data. The approval indica- tor shall not be applied without authorization. The sys- tem shall also identify what is approved. Alteration of either the approved document or the approval indicator should be detectable by the digital approval system. 2 2.3.2 Non-Repudiation. The digital approval system shall provide the necessary integrity and ability to authenticate the signature(s) such that the signature(s) cannot be repudiated. When documents are transported to another system(s), the integrity of the document, including its contents, approval indicators, approval indicator attributes, and document attributes, shall be maintained. 2.3.3 Authority. The system shall have a verifiable authority to create and distribute approval indicators. A unique authorization identity is issued to each approver. 2.3.4 Protecting Approval Indicator Information. Pro- tection and control of approval indicator information, and the media or device in which it is contained, shall be a key ingredient of the system’s security. 2.3.4.1 Active Documents. Approval indicator information shall be maintained current, accessible, and fully functional as long as the document to which it is applied is considered active. This also applies when media or device systems protocols migrate (i.e., as sys- tems update or change). 2.3.4.2 Inactive Documents. Approval indicator information that has been applied to documents no longer active should be fully accessible. Migration of active media or device systems should retain the capa- bility to recognize and validate approval indicator infor- mation applied to archived documents. This may be achieved through either continuous protocol updates to archived documents or “backward compatible” capabili- ties of migrated active media or device systems. 2.3.5 User Authentication With Passwords. For the purposes of this Standard, when a password system is used, the user shall control the password. 2.3.5.1 Password Over a Network. When a pass- word is communicated over a network, the password shall be encrypted or physical appliances used, or both, to prevent unauthorized interception. 2.3.5.2 Password Criteria. Systems using pass- words shall establish criteria that will ensure security of the system and its data. The following factors should be considered: (a) the range of values from which each character of the password may be chosen; (b) the total number of characters that make up the password; (c) password duration for specific time intervals; (d) limitations on use of previous passwords; and (e) storage of passwords for use in the authentication process. Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=FMC Technologies /5914950002 Not for Resale, 05/06/2009 22:13:43 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,``````,,,```,,,,,```,``,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- DIGITAL APPROVAL SYSTEMS ASME Y14.42-2002 2.3.5.3 Password Generation. The password gener- ation system has a major impact on the security of that system. When passwords are automatically generated, car
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