46级翻译总结

黄色是语法 红色是词汇 2006年6月 The purpose of the organization is to provide all new comers to the city with necessary information.（来这座给所有新城市的人提供必要的信息） As long as she pays all expenses herself, （只要她自己支付一切费用）she can go to visit her aunt in Los Angeles. They lost their way in the forest, and what was worse was that night began to fall.（更糟糕的是夜晚开始降临了） Most students found that Aristotle's philosophical thinking was far more complicated than they had thought.（远比他们所想的复杂） Being out of work and having two young children, the couple found it impossible to make ends meet.（夫妻俩发现勉强维持生计是不可能的） 2006年12月23日 It was essential that we (should) sign the contract before the end of the month.（我们在月底前签订） To our delight, she adapt herself to campus life a month after entering college.（进大学一个月就适应了校园生活） The new government was accused of （被指控）failure to fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate.（未能实现其降低失业率的承诺） The workmen think it very important to comply with /follow the safety regulations.（遵守安全规则很重要) The customer complained that no sooner had he tried to use the machine than it stopped working.（他刚试着使用这台机器，它就不能运转了）【解析】no sooner···than···引导时间状语从句，示“刚一···就···”，主句通常用过去完成时，从句通常用一般过去式。并且 no sooner 位于句首时，主句需部分倒装，要将助动词had 提至主语之前。表达“一···就···”意义的短语还有“hardly/scarcely ···when···”一次本的整个句子还可以是：The customer complained that hardly/scarcely had he tried to use the machine when it stopped working. 2006年12月24日 If you had followed my advice/suggestion, you wouldn't have put yourself into trouble.（听从了我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦） With tears on her face, the lady watched her injured son being sent into the surgery.（看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室）【解析】本句中的“看”指的是注视，强调看的动作，而不是结果，故用watch，如果强调看到的结果，则用see,“看到儿子被送进手术室”强调动作正在发生，因此watch后面用being sent into the surgery作宾补。Injured表示因意外事故造成的伤害，wounded多指“枪伤、刀伤”等。Watch, hear, feel, find, notice等感官动词接省略to的动词不定式作宾补时，强调动作从发生到结束的全过程，接现在分词作宾补时，强调动作正在发生。 After the terrorist attack, tourists were advised not to make a trip to that country for the time being（暂时）.（被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游）【解析】这里的“劝告”不能翻译为persuade,因为persuade指的是：“说服”，强调劝说成功，而本剧并未说明劝说的结果如何。 I prefer to communicate with my customers via email instead of telephone.（通过写电子邮件而不是打电话） It was not until the deadline that he send out/ posted（直到截止日他才寄出）his application form. 2007年6月 The auto manufacturers found themselves competing against foreign companies for market share.（正在和外国公司竞争市场的份额） Only in the small town can he feel safe and relaxed.（他才感到安全和放松）【解析】only+状语位于句首时，助动词需要提前，句子部分倒装。 It is absolutely unfair that these children （should）be deprived of the right to receive education.（被剥夺了受教育懂得权利）【解析】当important, unfair等形容词构成“it is+形容词+that”句型时，其后的句子要用虚拟语气，应为should+动词原形 Our years of hard work are all in vain, not to mention the large sum of money we have spent.（更别提我们多花费的大量金钱了）【解析】not to mention( to do) sth.= let alone ( to do ) sth.=not to speak of ( doing) sth. 表示“更别提···，更不用说···”，后接表示递进的条件状语从句 The problems of blacks and women have received great attention from the public in the recent decades.（最近几十年受到公众相当大的关注） 2007年12月 But for mobile phone, our communication would not have been so efficient and convenient.（我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便） In handling an embarrassing situation, nothing is more helpful than a sense of humour.（没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的了） The Foreign Minister said he was resigning, but refused to make further explanation why he was doing so.（但他拒绝进一步解释这样做的原因） Human behaviour is mostly a product of learning, while the animals' behaviour mainly depends upon their instinct.（而动物的行为主要依靠本能） The witness was told that under no circumstances (在任何情况下都不)should he lie to the court.（他都不应该对法庭说谎）【解析】与under no circumstances有同样用法的还有little, never, scarcely 等含有否定意义的词，其置于句首时其后的句子应将情态动词或助动词提前，引起部分倒装。 2008年6月 We can say a lot of things about those who devote/dedicate their whole life to poetry（毕生致力于诗歌的人）: they are passionate, impulsive, and unique. Mary couldn't have received my letter, or/otherwise she would have replied to me last week.（否则她上周就该来信了） Nancy is supposed to have finished the chemical experiments（做完化学实验）at least two weeks ago.【解析】“主语+be supposed+to have done”相当于主动句“people supposed +that”,和 be supposed 有类似用法的还有：be said/reported/thought/expected/believed/considered/known等。 Never once has the old couple quarreled with each other（老两口互相争吵）since they were married 40 years ago. To a great extent, the future prosperity of a nation depends on（一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于）the quality of education of its people. 2008年12月 He designed the first suspension bridge, which combined beauty and functionality perfectly.（把美观与功能完美地结合起来）【解析】function指事物具体的功能，而functionality 指抽象意义的功能性。 It was very dark, but Mary seemed to know which way to take by instinct/instinctly.（本能地知道该走哪条路） I don't think it advisable that parents deprive their children of freedom to spend their spare time（剥夺孩子们的自由） as they wish.【解析】在it is important/ necessary/ advisable/ strange/ impossible/ natural that···句型中，that后面的从句的谓语动词用should+原形动词，should可省略。 Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and a lower death rate compared with those who don't.（与不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低） Your resume should attract a wound-be boss's attention by demonstrating why you are the best candidate for a certain position.（为什么你是某个特定职位的最佳人选） 2009年6月 With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk him out of buying a car.（说服他不买车）【解析】“说服某人不做某事”用固定搭配talk sb. Out of doing,意思与它相反的是talk sb. Into doing sth.（说服某人做某事） Keeping a sense of humour helps（保持幽默感有利于）reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today's competitive society. When confronted with the evidence, he had to/ had no choice but to confess his crime/ criminal behavior.（他不得不坦白自己的罪行 When people says, " I can feel my ears burning," it means they think (that) there must be someone who is speaking ill of them（定语从句）/ speaking ill of them(后置定语).（一定有人在说他们的坏话） She has decided to go on a diet, but finds it very difficult / hard to resist the temptation of ice cream.（很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑） 2009年12月 How long does a jacket like this last me?---It depends on how often you wear it.（这要看你多长时间穿一次）【解析】本题指穿特定的一件衣服，重在结果，故动词用wear，而put on注重动作持续的过程。 The theory he advanced has proved / turn out ( to be) a challenge to many traditional notions /concepts.（对许多传统概念的一种挑战） The manager could have attended the meeting in person /himself（本可以亲自参加会议）, but he was called away for some urgent business abroad. Both research and practical experience have shown that a balanced diet is essential/indispensable to health.（均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少的） Much to my regret（我感到遗憾）, I was unable to finish the work on time. 【解析】“令某人感到···”通常的表达是“to one's +名词（短语）”，如to my disappointment/ horror/ joy/ surprise/ regret···，名词前可用much, great等程度副词修饰，或者将这些副词置于最前。 2010年6月 Their only son has never thought（他们的独生儿子从未想过）to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties. Before you take any action, please remember to weigh the possible consequences of your decision/ weigh the possible consequences that your decision might generate. （权衡你的决定会产生的后果） He assured his friend that under no circumstances would he break his promise to return the money.（他会违背还钱的承诺） Most educators advise that kids ( should ) not indulge ( himself) in computer games.（不要沉溺于电脑游戏）【解析】英语中advise, demand, desire, suggest等动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其结构为：should+原形动词。 Business major as he is, he has never considered being a sales promoter/ working as a salesman.（从未考虑过从事推销员的工作） 2010年12月 There is no denying that you cannot be too careful (越仔细越好) in dealing with this matter. Only when I reached my thirties did I realize that reading could not be neglected/ ignored/ overlooked.（我才意识到读是不能被忽视的） Much to the researchers' surprise（使研究人员感到惊讶）, the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected. Oh, my, I can't find my key; I must have left it somewhere.（我一定把它忘在哪里了） I would rather join you to work as volunteers（宁愿加入你们去做义工）than go to the beach for a holiday.【解析】prefer to do sth rather than do sth= would rather do sth than do sth