2011l六月英语四级复习参考资料

2011英语四级参考复习 附：100个高频词汇。 1 accelerate vt. (使)加速，增速 【例】accelerate the rate of economic growth 加速经济增长 【派】acceleration n. 加速 accelerating a.加速的 2 account n. 账户、考虑 【考】take sth. into account 把…考虑在内 3 accustom vt.使习惯 【考】be accustomed to 4 adapt vi. 适应 【考】adapt to…适应 5 adjust vi.适应 【考】adjust to...适应… 6 advocate vt. 宣扬 7 affluent a.富裕的 【派】affluence n.富裕 8 annoy vt.使烦恼, 使恼怒 【派】annoying a. 令人恼人的; annoyance n. 烦恼; ?annoyed a.颇为生气的 9 ascribe vt.把…归咎于 【考】ascribe..to 归因于 10 assess vt.评估 【派】assessment n. 评估 11 assign vt.指派，选派；分配，布置（作业） 【派】assignment 作业 12 assume vt.假象、假定 13 attain vt.获得 【考】attain one's ideal 达到理想 14 attribute vt. 把…归因于 【考】attribute sth.? to 把...归咎于 15 attribute vt.归咎于 【考】be attributed to? attribute sth. to … 16 automatically ad. 自动地 17 boost vt.提高，推动，使增长 n. 推动，增长 【例】boost the economy 推动经济增长 【派】booster n.支持者，推动器 18 brilliant a.光辉的、辉煌的 【派】brilliance n. 19 collaborate vi.合作 【考】collaborate with. sb. 20 comprehensive a. 综合的 【考】综合性大学 21 conscious a. 有意识的 【考】be conscious of sth. 对 …有意识 22 conserve vt.保存、节省 【考】conserve energy 保护能源 23 considerate a. 考虑周到的 24 contribute vt.贡献 【考】contribute to 导致、带来、为…贡献 25 convenient a.方便的 n.convenience 方便 26 convey vt.传达 27 cooperate vt.合作 【考】cooperative a.合作的 28 coordinate vt.合作 29 cultivate vt.培养 30 derive vt. 出自、源于 【考】derive from … 31 despair vi.绝望; n. 绝望 【考】despair of 绝望; sb. be in despair 某人处于绝望中 32 disapprove vt. 不批准、不赞同 【派】disapproval n. 不赞同 【考】 express strong disapproval 33 dismiss vt.撤销、免职 【考】be dismissed by one's company 被公司解雇 34 distinguish vt.辨别 【派】distinguished a.? 突出的 35 distribute vt.分配、分发 【考】distribution n.分配、分发 36 dominate vt. 支配、统治 【考】male-dominated society 男性主导社会 37 embarrass vt.使窘迫, 使尴尬; 【派】embarrassed a.(某人)尴尬的; embarrassment n. 沮丧 embarrassing a. (某事)令人尴尬的 38 employ vt. 雇佣；使用 【考】in the employ of 受雇于 【派】employer n. 雇主；employee n.雇员 employment n. 雇佣, 工作 unemployment n. 失业 39 engage vt. 从事、订婚 【考】be engaged in sth. 从事… 40 enhance vt.加强 41 enroll vt.注册、使…入会 【派】enrollment 42 evacuate vt. 撤走、疏散 43 evaluate vt.评价、估计 【派】evaluation n. 44 evaluate vt.评价、估计 45 excessive a.过度的 46 frustrate vt.使沮丧, 使灰心 【派】frustration n. 挫折; frustrating a. 令人沮丧的 47 genetic a.遗传的 48 guarantee vt. 保证 49 identify vt.鉴别、验明 【考】idenfity theft 辨别偷窃 50 immigrate vt. 移民 【派】immigrant n.移民immigration 51 implement vt.实施 【派】implementation n. 52 incline vi.倾向 【考】be inclined to do sth. 倾向于做某事 53 inferior a.下级的、下等的 【考】be inferior to 比…低级 54 injure vt. 受伤 【派】injured a.受伤的; injury n. 受伤 55 inquire vi. 询问 56 instinct n.本能、直觉 【考】human instinct 人类本能 57 integrate vt. 使结合、使一体化 【派】integral a.一体的；integration n.一体 【考】as an integral whole 作为一个整体global economic integration 全球经济一体化 58 internship n.实习 59 inverse a.倒转的、反转的 60 justify vt.证明…是正当的 61 launch vt. 发射、开展 【考】launch the spacecraft 发射飞船launch a movement 发起一项运动 62 negative a.消极的 63 notify vt.通知、告诉 【派】notification n. 64 obligation n.? 、义务 【考】legal obligation? 法律责任 65 obstacle n.障碍 66 optimistic a. 乐观的 【考】be optimistic about sth.对…很乐观 67 originate vt.由…产生 【考】originate from 由…产生 68 overcome vt.战胜, 克服 【例】overcome difficulties 克服困难 69 phenomenon n.现象 70 positive a.积极的 71 potential a.潜在的 【考】potential customer 潜在客户 72 preferable a. 更好的 73 prevail vt.压倒、胜过 【派】prevailling a. 流行的 74 priority n. 优先 【考】sth. is the top priority 优先考虑… 75 proceed vi.进行、着手 76 prompt vt.刺激、推动 【考】prompt sb. to do sth. 77 proportion n.比例 【派】proportional a.相应的、成比例的 78 pursue vt. 追求 【派】pursuit n. 追求 【考】pursue one's dream 79 qualify vt. (使)胜任，（使）具有资格 【考】qualify for sth. 使具有…的资格 【派】qualification n.资格，条件；qualified a.有资格的 80 recommend vt.推荐 81 reference n.参考 82 remind vt.提醒某人注意 【考】be reminded of sth. 83 relevant a. 有关的，切的 【考】be relevant to 与…有关 【派】relevance n. 有关，相关；irrelevant a. 不相关的；不切题的 84 restore vt. 恢复、修复 【考】restore reputation 恢复名誉 85 restrain vt.遏制 【考】be restrained to do sth. 86 resume n.简历 87 reverse vt.颠倒、反转 88 sacrifice vt.牺牲 89 starvation n.饿死 90 submit vt. 提交 【考】submit sth. to sb. 把…提交给某人 91 subsidy n.津贴、补助 【考】provide subsidy for sb. 为…提供津贴 92 superior a.高级的、高等的 【考】be superior to 比…高级 93 survive vt.幸免于… 【考】survive sth. 从…中幸免 94 transmit vt. 传播 95 tropical a.热带的 96 undertake vt. 承担，着手做；保证，同意 【考】undertake sth. 从事… 【派】undertaking n.事业，任务 97 vanish vi. 消失 98 victim n. 受害者 99 visiable a.可看见的 100 vision vt. 视力、眼光 根据上表，简要描述1990年、1995年、2000年某城市人们度假方式的情况及其变化； 请说明发生这些变化的原因；\得出结论。 参考范文： How People Spend Their Holidays As is clearly shown in the table that there was a dramatic change in the way people spent their holidays between 1990 and 2000. Especially, in 1990, 63% of people spent their holidays at home, while the figure decreased considerably to 24% in 2000. there are three reasons for this phenomenon. To begin with, with the development of market-oriented economy, people earn by far more money than they used to, making it possible for them to afford traveling expenses. In addition, people realize the importance of getting well-informed about the outside world in this modern era to develop their potential. For example, a traveller may encounter or talk with someone of a different cultural background so as to broaden his vision. Last but not least, by traveling outside, people are close to nature, which is not only beneficial to both their health and peace of mind. In short, more and more people take the occasion of holiday to travel outside and relax themselves. As far as I am concerned, I prefer to go traveling instead of staying at home during holidays. On the one hand, I love meeting different people and take in some fresh ideas. On the other hand, it is agreed that the world is becoming a global village. No one could confine himself within his small circle of families or relatives. In brief, I have benefited a lot and will benefit more from traveling during the holidays. 社会实践的作用 b) 可能产生的问题 c) 提出建议 参考范文： Social Practice Social practice has been more and more popular in universities and colleges. Students are asked to enter society and get some idea of it. Surely social practice has many advantages. Firstly, social practice can offer students a chance to contact society and meet different kinds of people. In this way students can gain some valuable social experience, which will be useful to their future career. Secondly, students can apply what they have learned in class to practical work, thus knowing themselves more clearly. Thirdly, social practice can bring them some financial reward and make them more independent of their family. However, some problems may arise if no correct guidance is made. For example, some students get overly interested in social practice and want to work full-time and earn money, thus neglecting their studies. And some students are likely to get in touch with the dark side of society, which will affect their future studies. In order to carry out social practice smoothly, students should first know its objective. They should put their studies in the first place and see social practice just as a useful supplement, so they ought to try to strike a balance between social practice and their studies. １．在现代社会，城市交通问题变得越来越严重 ２．城市交通问题的表现以及对人们生活的影响 ３．解决的与措施 参考范文： Traffic Jam There is no doubt that traffic congestion becomes a growing worry for the residents of most urban areas. Some major roads are regularly choked with traffic in rush hours. The limited transport capacity contributes largely to the vexing problem. How to solve the headache?. The existing solutions to traffic jam mainly aim at creating metro bus systems and broadening major roads. Widening the existing roads can solve traffic snarls on some level. Soaring car ownership compounds the chronic annoying problem, so we must sharply reduce the heavy reliance on cars and drive a shift to the mass transportation. It is a cheap and good way. We can create a system of customized bus routes and highlight the development of subways, trolleys and light rail. The effective combination of these solutions will enable the urban areas to possess a smooth traffic. 1. 全球变暖对地球环境造成了很大影响 2. 引起全球变暖的原因 3. 我们需要采取的措施 参考范文： Environmental Protection No one，regardless of race, religion or nationality, can deny that the world we live in is becoming increasingly intolerable because of the effects of global warming. According to many experts, even greater impacts are still on the way. There are numerous causes for this problem. On one hand, human-related emissions of carbon into the atmosphere is causing, and will in the future cause, significant global warming according to the theory. On the other hand, the lack of knowledge about the importance of protecting environment hinders the solving of the problem. It is urgent that immediate and effective actions should be taken right away. First, more trees need to be planted to help improve and beautify the environment. Besides, stricter laws concerning global warming and irresponsible use of fuel resources have to be put into effect and achieved good results. In a word, there is a long way to go before we can take a comfortable world for granted again . 1. 越来越多的人使用信用卡， 信用卡有哪些好处 2. 信用卡的弊端 3. 你自己的观点 参考范文： Credit Cards Personal credit cards are becoming more common in China. Banks and other financial institutions are encouraging their customers to change the way they buy things. Credit cards, otherwise known as “plastic money”, are being offered on very good terms to encourage the change. Consumers will be able to “buy now, pay later”, and many see this as an advantage. But people need to be careful. There are dangers associated with credit cards. Some people find it very easy to exceed their budget. They are tempted to purchase goods that they do not really need, and can become quickly overburdened by debt. The credit cards often charge a high rate of interest, which exacerbates the problems for these people. However, used wisely credit cards can improve the quality of people’s lives. They can give people access to money to meet sudden unplanned expenses. Properly handled, they can let people control their expenditure and the monthly statements provide a record of where their money has gone. 1. 近几年出现了大学生就业难的现象 2. 产生这种现象的原因（如大学生追求的目标过高，专业不对口等） 3. 如何解决这一问题（改变就业观念，大学生再等） 参考范文： College Students’ Job Hunting In recent years, college students find it increasingly difficult to get a job. It sounds strange since young college students are usually intelligent, well-educated phenomenon, aspirant and eager to bring their talent into full play. Then what underlies the strange phenomenon? There are several reasons for this. To begin with, nowadays college students aim too high. All they want are “good” jobs which could offer good salary, comfortable working conditions, high social status among others. Consequently, most college students are unwilling to accept vacant jobs they consider not “good” enough. Another reason is that there is a big gap between the majors some students study in school and the demands of vacant jobs. So companies think some students are not fit for the jobs. Solution to the problem requires efforts on both the society and the students. The companies should value the students, talent and knowledge while the latter should not merely aim at material gains. They should be down-to–earth in building up their career. Furthermore, they should face their weak points so as to improve themselves and be more competent. Blog This histogram shows the number of people using blog services from January to October in 2007. From it we can see that the number of users increased monthly from January to August, except February. After two peak months, July and August, the number dropped slightly in September, while in October it picked up again. Possible reasons for these changes are first, in February Chinese people celebrated the most important festival——Chinese New Year. This means more people spent more time with their families and friends, and therefore they didn’t have as much time for surfing online. Secondly, college students are the main users of blog services. While in July and August，they had summer holidays, which enabled them to have more spare time reading and writing blogs. Thirdly, with improvements of blog services and the influence of some “star bloggers”, most of whom are celebrities, blogs are becoming an important way for people to express themselves and communicate with others. So more and more people are starting to use these services, which help explain the overall increase shown here. Cell Phones As is shown in the chart, cell phones are becoming increasingly popular within China. In 1999, the number of cell phones in use was only 2 million, but in 2002, the number reaches 5 million. And in the year 2005, the number has suddenly soared to 9 million. There are many factors contributing to this development. Firstly, a cell phone has no wires and can be carried everywhere easily. Secondly, a cell phone is something wonderful that we can have fun with news, games, music and chat through sending short messages. Thirdly, the drop in price and the simultaneous improvement in the functions have made it possible for an average person to make use of cell phone. The wide use of cell phones has make them more and more indispensable in people’s daily life. The many functions of the cell phone have made certain people reluctant to separate themselves from their cell phone. 大学生合租 Living alone or Living with Roommates Nowadays, there has appeared a heated discussion among the college students as to whether they should live alone outside the campus or live together with other roommates in the students’ dormitory. Opinions are divided over the matter. Those who are in favor of Living alone maintain that it is very convenient to live by themselves. They can enjoy absolute freedom in a room of their own. They can have their own timetable without disturbing others. They are also free to equip the room with a personal computer so that they can have easy access to the Internet. But others argue that living with roommates has attractions of its own. With several students sharing the same room, each person’s experiences can be greatly enriched. They can learn a lot from talking to one another. By learning to tolerate the differences between individuals, they can become more mature. As far as I’m concerned, I prefer to live with roommates because I love the feeling of belonging. Besides, it is a lot cheaper to live in a dorm than to rent a apartment outside the campus. 1. 宿舍生活有时会出现不和谐的情况; 2. 一个和谐宿舍生活的必要性; 3. 如何创造和谐的宿舍生活。 On a Harmonious Dormitory Life Dormitory life is an indispensable part of college life. But sometimes the harmony in the dormitory be disturbed in one way or another. As is known to all, a harmonious dormitory life is important to college students and benefits all the members. On one hand, we can have a good rest and put our heart into study. On the other hand, we will have a good mood and enjoy being together. There are several ways to create and maintain a harmonious dormitory life. Firstly, you have to evaluate your life-style and try to get rid of your dirty habits, if there are any. Secondly, when an annoying situation arises, you’ll just have to learn to tolerate each other and co-exist. Thirdly, you’ll have to share with each other and make good friends. In conclusion, we should try our best to build a harmonious dormitory life for the sake of good study and good life. 1. 现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象 2. 保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性 3. 作为一个大学生应该怎样做 参考范文： Attend Your Classes Regularly Nowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes. And still there are some students who slip out of the classroom before the class is over. Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers. In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly. First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning. That is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study. Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers ,too. Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the students. Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future. Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on. And some day we’ll benefit from it. 重点主题短语词汇（必备+必背） Campus life 校园生活（短对话重点） 1． 作业词汇：assignment/assigned book (必读书目 10年12月第11题) paper essays（07-6听写答案） book/research report composition 作文 textbook教科书/reference book参考书(07-6听写答案) copy 副本 搭配词汇还有：be through with sth 结束，完成（两次考到） due 到期 have sb's hands full with sth 忙于做某事（07-12） 2． 课程形式词汇： Seminar（06-6、07-6-词汇，研讨会） 原句： do you have the seminar schedule with you? （你有研讨会的日程表么？） optional course/elective （选修课） evening/day course (晚间/白天课程 09-12词汇) compulsory course/requirement （必修课） presentation （多次考到，展示或演示课） 搭配词汇: hardly/barely stay awake （无法保持清醒。三次考到，最新10-6考点) 09年以来的一些新课程名称 advanced physics (高级物理) data processing (数据处理) computer programming (计算机程序) biology 生物 3 名称 freshman(大一) sophomore（大二） junior（大三） senior（大四）(05年考点) graduate(毕业生) undergraduate （在校生，本科生） postgraduate （研究生） tutor(导师) graduate school （研究生院） Job hunting 求职 (长对话重点) Job applicant candidate (06-6、08-12 候选人) apply for application Position/post （多次考到。职位） resume (简历，注意发音，多次考到) recruit （连续考到。招聘） reputation(声望。06-6/09-12出现） resign （辞职，多次考到） benefit (package) （福利，两次考到） paid vacation （带薪假期） social security （美国的社会保险） relocation expenses （异地补偿费用） phased retirement (08-12 阶段性退休) be laid off (解雇 09-12考点) hotel consultant (08-6 酒店咨询) sales manager（08-12 销售经理） Administrative work （08-12 行政工作） 2008-6 the job will involve much train travel (工作中会经常有火车旅行的机会) tell me about your present job... 2008-12 There were about 20 candidates competing for the sales manager's job. And finally it was down to three of us, but the other two seemed better qualified（合格）. (20个候选人竞争销售经理的职位。最后就剩我们三个了，不过那两个人看起来胜算更大。) promotion（09-6/12连续考到） 2009-6 I heard about your promotion, you must be thrilled.(我听说你升职了，你开心死了吧) not really, the new office is huge,but the work load has doubled. （也不见得，新办公室挺大的，但是工作量也翻倍了） 2009-12 Aren’t you disappointed that you didn’t get the promotion? 2010-06 19.C) It enables him to apply theory to practice 能够让他把理论应用于实际 22.A) Getting along well with colleagues 与同事和睦相处 机场（飞机上） 重点 1．机场地点 Security check（安检处） Gate（登机口） Terminal （航站楼） Check-in counter （换票柜台） Customs （海关） 2. 机场人物 Airhostess/stewardess （空姐） steward （空哥、空少） flight attendant （飞机乘务员） 3. 飞机动作 Take off/land （起飞、降落） ascend/descend（上升、下降） postpone/delay/cancel （推迟、延迟、取消） 最近题目例句： （2007－12） I hope you are packed and ready to leave. （我希望你已经打包完毕准备出发了） I have packed my passport in one of my bags. （我把护照装在一个包里了） 二、餐厅 1．点菜： Order menu wine list （酒单） alcohol steak French Fries （薯条） 2. 埋单： Check the bill please!（埋单） Treat （请客） split the bill （分开付） 三、酒店 次重点 最新考点（2010-6） washing-up 洗碗工作 过往考点（2007－6/12） Reservation （高频词,预定） honeymoon suite （07年6月词汇，蜜月套间） hotel clerk （07年6月词汇，等于receptionist） discount (07年6月词汇, 折扣) free continental breakfast （07年6月词汇，免费欧式早餐） 四、图书馆 次重点 1.书籍：journal 学术类刊物 （08-6） 原句：did you check the pile of the journals you borrowed for the library the other day? (你查过那一摞头几天从图书馆借来的学刊了么？) volume 卷 current/back issue 现/过刊 periodical 期刊