一个干净明亮的地方.99doc

A Clean, Well-lighted Place 《一个干净明亮的地方》 海明威 　　时间很晚了，大家都离开餐馆，只有一个老人还坐在树叶挡住灯光的阴影里。白天里，街上尽是尘埃，到得晚上，露水压住了尘埃。这个老人喜欢坐得很晚，因为他是个聋子，现在是夜里，十分寂静，他感觉得到跟白天的不同。呆在餐馆里的两个侍者知道这老人有点儿醉了，他虽然是个好主顾，可是，他们知道，如果他喝得太醉了，他会不付账就走，所以他们一直在留神他。 　　"上个星期他想自杀，"一个侍者说。 　　"为什么？" 　　"他绝望啦。" 　　"干吗绝望？" 　　"没事儿。" 　　"你怎么知道是没事儿？" 　　"他有很多钱。" 　　他们一起坐在紧靠着餐馆大门墙边的桌旁，眼睛望着平台，那儿的桌子全都空无一人，只有那个老人坐在随风轻轻飘拂的树叶的阴影里。有个少女和一个大兵走过大街。街灯照在他那领章的铜号码上。那个少女没戴帽子，在他身旁匆匆走着。 　　"警卫队会把他逮走，"一个侍者说。 　　"如果他到手了他要找的东西，那又有什么关系呢？" 　　"他这会儿还是从街上溜走为好。警卫队会找他麻烦，他们五分钟前才经过这里。" 　　那老人坐在阴影里，用杯子敲敲茶托。那个年纪比较轻的侍者上他那儿去。 　　"你要什么？" 　　老人朝他看了看。"再来杯白兰地，"他说。 　　"你会喝醉的，"侍者说。老人朝他看了一看。侍者走开了。 　　"他会通宵呆在这里，"他对他的同事说。"我这会儿真想睡。我从来没有在三点钟以前睡觉过。他应该在上星期就自杀了。" 　　侍者从餐馆里的柜台上拿了一瓶白兰地和另一个茶托，大步走了出来，送到老人桌上。他放下茶托，把杯子倒满了白兰地。 　　"你应该在上星期就自杀了，"他对那个聋子说。老人把手指一晃。"再加一点，"他说。侍者又往杯子里倒酒，酒溢了出来，顺着高脚杯的脚流进了一叠茶托的第一只茶托。"谢谢你，"老人说。侍者把酒瓶拿回到餐馆去。他又同他的同事坐在桌旁。 　　"他这会儿喝醉了，"他说。 　　"他每天晚上都喝醉。" 　　"他干吗要自杀呀？" 　　"我怎么知道。" 　　"他上次是怎样自杀的？" 　　"他用绳子上吊。" 　　"谁把他放下来的？" 　　"他侄女。" 　　"干吗要把他放下来？" 　　"为他的灵魂担忧。" 　　"他有多少钱？" 　　"他有很多钱。" 　　"他准有八十岁喽。" 　　"不管怎样，我算准他有八十岁。" 　　"我真希望他回家去。我从来没有在三点钟以前睡觉过。那是个什么样的睡觉时间呀？" 　　"他因为不喜欢睡觉所以才不睡觉。" 　　"他孤孤单单。我可不孤单。我有个老婆在床上等着我呢。" 　　"他从前也有过老婆。" 　　"这会儿有老婆对他可没好处。" 　　"话可不能这么说。他有老婆也许会好些。" 　　"他侄女会照料他。" 　　"我知道。你刚才说是她把他放下来的。" 　　"我才不要活得那么老。老人邋里邋遢。" 　　"不一定都是这样。这个老人干干净净。他喝啤酒来并不滴滴答答往外漏。哪怕这会儿喝醉了。你瞧他。" 　　"我才不想瞧他。我希望他回家去。他并不关心那些非干活不可的人。" 　　那老人从酒杯上抬起头来望望广场，又望望那两个侍者。 　　"再来杯白兰地，"他指着杯子说。那个着急的侍者跑了过去。 　　"没啦，"他不顾什么句法地说，蠢汉在对醉汉或外国人说话时就这么说法。"今晚上没啦。打烊啦。" 　　"再来一杯，"那老人说。 　　"不，没啦，"侍者一边拿块毛巾揩揩桌沿，一边摇摇头。 　　老人站了起来，慢慢地数着茶托，打口袋里摸出一只装硬币的起夹子来，付了酒账，又放下半个比塞塔①作小账。 　　-- 　　①比塞塔：西班牙货币单位。 　　-- 　　那个侍者瞅着他顺着大街走去，这个年纪很大的人走起路来，虽然脚步不挺稳，却很有神气。 　　"你干吗不让他呆下来喝酒呢？"那个不着急的侍者问道。他们这会儿正在拉下百叶窗。"还不到二点半呢。" 　　"我要回家睡觉了。" 　　"一个钟头算啥？" 　　"他无所谓，我可很在乎。" 　　"反正是一个钟头。" 　　"你说得就象那个老人一模一样。他可以买啤酒回家去喝嘛。" 　　"这可不一样。" 　　"是呀，这是不一样的。"那个有老婆的侍者表示同意说。他不希望做得不公道，他只是有点儿着急。 　　"那么你呢？你不怕不到你通常的时间就回家吗？" 　　"你想侮辱我吗？" 　　"不，老兄，只是开开玩笑。" 　　"不，"那个着急的侍者一边说，一边拉下了铁百叶窗后站了起来。"我有信心。我完全有信心。" 　　"你有青春，信心，又有工作，"那个年纪大些的侍者说， 　　"你什么都有了。" 　　"那么，你缺少什么呢？" 　　"除了工作，什么都缺。" 　　"我有什么，你也都有了。" 　　"不，我从来就没有信心，我也不年轻了。" 　　"好啦，好啦，别乱弹琴了，把门锁上吧。" 　　"我是属于那种喜欢在餐馆呆得很晚的人，"那个年纪大些的侍者说。"我同情那种不想睡觉的人，同情那种夜里要有亮光的人。" 　　"我要回家睡觉去了。" 　　"我们是不一样的，"那个年纪大些的侍者说。这会儿，他穿好衣服要回家了。"这不光是个年轻和信心的问题，虽然青春和信心都是十分美妙的。我每天晚上都很不愿意打烊，因为可能有人要上餐馆。" 　　"老兄，开通宵的酒店有的是。" 　　"你不懂。这儿是个干净愉快的餐馆。十分明亮。而且这会儿，灯光很亮，还有飘渺的树影。" 　　"再见啦，"那个年轻的侍者说。 　　"再见，"年纪大些的侍者说。他关了电灯，继续在自说自话。亮固然要很亮，但也必须是个干净愉快的地方。你不要听音乐。你肯定不要听音乐。你也不会神气地站在酒吧前面，虽然这会儿那里应有尽有。他怕什么？他不是怕，也不是发慌。他心里很有数，这是虚无缥缈。全是虚无缥缈，人也是虚无缥缈的。人所需要的只是虚无缥缈和亮光以及干干净净和井井有条。有些人生活于其中却从来没有感觉到，可是，他知道一切都是虚无缥缈①的，一切都是为了虚无缥缈，虚无缥缈，为了虚无缥缈。我们的虚无缥缈就在虚无缥缈中，虚无缥缈是你的名字，你的王国也叫虚无缥缈，你将是虚无缥缈中的虚无缥缈，因为原来就是虚无缥缈。给我们这个虚无缥缈吧，我们日常的虚无缥缈，虚无缥缈是我们的，我们的虚无缥缈，因为我们是虚无缥缈的，我们的虚无缥缈，我们无不在虚无缥缈中，可是，把我们打虚无缥缈中拯救出来吧；为了虚无缥缈。欢呼全是虚无缥缈的虚无缥缈，虚无缥缈与汝同在。他含笑站在一个酒吧前，那儿有架闪光的蒸气压咖啡机。 　　-- 　　①用仿宋字体排印的中文，原文都是西班牙语。 　　-- 　　"你要什么？"酒吧招待问道。 　　"虚无缥缈。" 　　"又是个神经病，"酒吧招待说过后，转过头去。 　　"来一小杯，"那个侍者说。 　　酒吧招待倒了一杯给他。 　　"灯很亮，也很愉快，只是这个酒吧没有擦得很光洁，"侍者说。 　　酒吧招待看看他，但是，没有答腔，夜深了，不便谈话。 　　"你要再来一小杯吗？"酒吧招待问道。 　　"不，谢谢你，"侍者说罢，走出去了。他不喜欢酒吧和酒店。一个干净明亮的餐馆又是另一回事。现在他不再想什么了，他要回家，到自己屋里去。他要去躺在床上，最后，天亮了，他就要睡觉了。到头来，他对自己说，大概又只是失眠。许多人一定都失眠。 原文： A Clean, Well-lighted Place Ernest Hemingway It was late and everyone had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the daytime the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him. "Last week he tried to commit suicide," one waiter said. "Why?" "He was in despair." "What about?" "Nothing." "How do you know it was nothing?" "He has plenty of money." They sat together at a table that was close against the wall near the door of the cafe and looked at the terrace where the tables were all empty except where the old man sat in the shadow of the leaves of the tree that moved slightly in the wind. The old man sitting in the shadow rapped on his saucer with his glass. The younger waiter went over to him. "What do you want?" The old man looked at him. "Another brandy," he said. "You'll be drunk," the waiter said. The old man looked at him. The waiter went away. "He'll stay all night," he said to his colleague. "I'm sleepy now. I never get into bed before three o'clock. He should have killed himself last week." The waiter took the brandy bottle and another saucer from the counter inside the cafe and marched out to the old man's table. He put down the saucer and poured the glass full of brandy. The waiter took the bottle back inside the cafe. He sat down at the table with his colleague again. "I wish he would go home. I never get to bed before three o'clock. What kind of hour is that to go to bed?" "He stays up because he likes it." "He's lonely. I'm not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for me." "He had a wife once too." "A wife would be no good to him now." "You can't tell. He might be better with a wife." "I wouldn't want to be that old. An old man is a nasty thing." "Not always. This old man is clean. He drinks without spilling. Even now, drunk. Look at him." "I don't want to look at him. I wish he would go home. He has no regard for those who must work." The old man looked from his glass across the square, then over at the waiters. "Another brandy," he said, pointing to his glass. The waiter who was in a hurry came over. "Finished," he said, speaking with that omission of syntax stupid people employ when talking to drunken people or foreigners. "No more tonight. Close now." "Another," said the old man. "No. Finished." The waiter wiped the edge of the table with a towel and shook his head. The old man stood up, slowly counted the saucers, took a leather coin purse from his pocket and paid for the drinks, leaving half a peseta tip. The waiter watched him go down the street, a very old man walking unsteadily but with dignity. "Why didn't you let him stay and drink?" the un hurried waiter asked. They were putting up the shutter. "It is not half past two." "I want to go home to bed." "We are of two different kinds," the old waiter said. He was now dressed to go home. "It is not only a question of youth and confidence although those things are very beautiful. Each night I am reluctant to close up because there may be someone who needs the cafe." "Hombre, there are bodegas open all night long." "You do not understand. This is a clean and pleasant cafe. It is well lighted. The light is very good and also, now, there are shadows of the leaves." "Good night," said the younger waiter. "Good night," the other said. Turning off the electric light he continued the conversation with himself. It is the light of course, but it is necessary that the place be clean and pleasant. You do not want music. Certainly you do not want music. Nor can you stand before a bar with dignity although that is all that is provided for these hours. What did he fear? It was not fear or dread. It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was all a nothing and a man was nothing too. It was only that the light was all it needed and a certain cleanness and order. Some lived in it and never felt it but he knew it all was nada y pues nada y nada y pues nada. He smiled and stood before a bar with a shining steam pressure coffee machine. "What yours?" asked the barman. "Nada." "Otro loco mas," said the barman and turned away. "A little cup," said the waiter. The barman poured it for him. "The light is very bright and pleasant but the bar is unpolished," the waiter said. The barman looked at him but did not answer. It was too late at night for conversation. "You want another copita?" the barman asked. "No, thank you," said the waiter and went out. He disliked bars and bodegas. A clean, well-lighted cafe was a very different thing. Now, without thinking further, he would go home to his room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep. After all, he said to himself, it was probably only insomnia. Many must have it. Words: terrace 阳台 nasty （气味等）令人作呕的；下流的 syntax 句法 peseta 比赛塔（西班牙货币单位） hombre [西班牙语]一种友好的称呼，意为老兄 bodegas [西班牙语]酒窖或酒店 [西班牙语]nada=nothing, y=and, pues=then copita [西班牙语]一小杯 insomnia 失眠症，失眠 · 解析: 短篇小说《一个干净明亮的地方》作品中三个人物几乎都生活于迷惘虚无之中，老者害怕孤独，害怕黑暗，害怕无希望无意义的生活他企图用自杀来摆脱对生活的迷惘后来靠酒，靠“一个干净明亮的地方”去逃避迷惘，最终仍不得不离开一个干净明亮的地方，回到黑暗孤独和虚无之中。年长的侍者不怕虚无因为，他有明确的想法，他心里很有数，这是虚无缥缈，全是虚无缥缈人也是虚无缥缈……他知道一切都是虚无缥缈的，一切都是为了虚无缥缈…….” 他深知虚无吞噬一切的巨大威力，知道虚无的普遍存在，所以他理解老者对黑暗孤独的恐惧知道年轻侍者也生活在虚无之中只是自己还没有意识到，这里，虚无就是黑暗孤独，无希望、无意义、精神无所寄托的迷惘。 小说里有三个人物：一个深夜买醉的孤独的老人，两个侍者，一个年轻一个年长；一个场景：灯火明亮的酒店。老人一个劲地要酒喝，年轻的侍者因为着急回家睡觉很不高兴，不高兴的原因是他的老婆在等他。 情节简单，语言也简单，除了一点环境细节的白描，大部分篇幅是两个侍者的对话，只在结尾处，海明威描绘了其中一侍者的心理状态：虚幻缥缈。虚幻缥缈这个词在500多字里出现了二十几次，海明威在这里不断重复和强调“虚幻缥缈”这个词，正是他“冰山理论”里露出水面的一角冰山：他用这个词，概括了人生的状态——孤独老人的孤独来自虚幻缥缈，年轻侍者的现实焦急其实也是一种虚幻缥缈，所有人几乎无一例外地都生活在一种虚幻缥缈的情境中，也就是说，活着的人都有一种不踏实，都不知哪些是可把握的，哪些是不可把握的；哪些是想要把握就可以把握的，哪些是被把握但是又未能把握的……但把握住的就一定把握住了？一直想要把握的为什么根本没有把握住？这些现实的、精神的疑问，一旦深究起来，不能不让人虚幻起来缥缈起来~~ 而这虚幻和缥缈无疑形成了一个人内心的黑洞，这黑洞的存在常常让一个人在现实里消沉而痛苦，鳏寡的老人也好，家庭完整的年轻侍者也好，无端地烦恼也好，有意颓唐绝望的也好，因为生的明亮都被内心的黑洞吸食殆尽，身心里弥漫的都是无边的虚幻和空洞和迷茫，而这些在一方面压制了人内心的明亮，另一方面也驱使人不断在生活里寻找明亮——孤独的老人在热闹的场所用酒麻醉自己的同时，也被酒店明亮的灯光冲淡了内心的暗淡，所以他每夜都在这里盘亘不去；年轻的侍者的明亮则是在家里，在等待他的人的身上。 海明威对人性的洞察和小说的非凡表现，让我面对“明亮”一词有了从未有过的感悟：人是需要一种明亮来驱除身体里的黑暗的，人也需要一种踏实来抵抗掉内心的虚妄，需要“蜡烛已在夜晚永远点燃。”而这蜡烛，可以是一个人，也可以是一个信仰，可以是一个事业，也可能是一首诗歌的写作，或一首歌的倾听。一个干净明亮的地方也就因为这些的“一”而慢慢形成了。给自己一只蜡烛，或者用想象在内心点一只红的蜡烛，从而给自己一个干净明亮的地方，一个人也就能轻松消受李商隐的＂碧海青天夜夜心＂。