蓝桉叶提取物对植物病原菌化感作用初步研究

? ?? ?? ? ( ? ?? ?? ) , 2008 , 30 (S1) : 196?199 CN 53 - 1045/ N　ISSN 0258 - 7971 Journa l of Yunnan Un iver sity Ξ 蓝 桉 叶 提 取 物 对 植 物 病 原 菌 化 感 作 用 初 步 研 究 ? 　? , ??? , ??? , ? 　? (?????? ???????????????????? ,?? ?? 　650201) ?? :????????? ,? PDA???????????????????????????、?? ???、?????、????、????? 5 ??????????? ,???????????????? ??????? - ???????????????????? .?????? ,???????????? ??? 5 ?????????????????????? .?? ,???????????????? .?? ?? 5 ????? ,?????????????????? ,? EC50?? 58175μg/ mL.????????? ????????? ,????????????????? ,??????? . ??? :?? ;???? ;????? ;???? ;?? ????? :Q 948 　　????? :A 　　???? :0258 - 7971(2008) S1 - 0196 - 04 　　?? ( Eucalyptus) ????? (Myrtaceae) ? ???? ,????????? ,??? 500??. ????????????????????? ?????[1 ] ,?????????? ,??? ? ,?????????[2 ] . ???????? ? ,???、???????????? ,???? ?????. ????????? 1 ,8 - ???? ???? ,????????????????? ?????[3] .??? ,??????????? ????? [4 ] ,?????????????? ??????? ,??????? 5 %????? ??[5 ] . ????? ,???????????? ????????? ,??????????? ?[6 ] . ????????????????? ( Eu2 calypt us globu l us) ????????????? ????? ( Pyricul aria oryzae) 、?????? ( Rhi zoctonia sola ni ) 、? ????? ( Fus ari um sol ani) 、???? ( Vent u ri a pyri na ) 、????? ? ( Al tern ari a sol ani ) 5 ?????????? ? ,??????????????? ,???? ??. 1 　????? 111 　????? 　????????? ;?? SY2200 - T ??????? ;?? BUCHI 114 ? ????? ;?? METTL ER AL104 ????? ?? ;?? LDZX - 40B1 ???????? ;?? ?????. ???、??、??、?? (???? ? ,??????????) . 112 　??? 　????? ????? ?? ( P1o ryzae) 、?????? ( R1sol an i) 、???? ?? ( F1sola ni) 、???? ( V1 py rin a) 、???? ?? ( A1sol a ni) ,?????????????? ????????. 113 　?????????? 　???????? ???????????? ,????? 2007 ? 4 ? .?????????????. ??1 kg????????? ,?1?5( w/ v) ????? (30?60 ?) ,????????? 24 h ???????? 30 min ?? ,?? 3 ???? ?? ,50 ????????????????? Ξ ???? : 2008 - 02 - 18 ???? ???????? ( 5B 53 ) ;????????????? ( 6 36M) ???? ? 　? ( 3 　) ,? ,??? ,??? ,???????????????????? ???? ? 　? ( 6 　) ,? ,??? ,?? ,???????????????????? y @ 6 : 200 A 2C 200 C00 . : 198 - . : 19 0 - . E - mail : eminpc 12 . com ?? .????????????????? 1?5 (w/ v )???? ,????????? 24 h ?? ?????? 30 min ?? ,?? 3 ?????? , 50 ??????????????????. 114 　?????? 　?????? 50 mg/ mL ? ????. ?????????????? ,? PDA ?????至 40 ?? ,????????? ???? 9?1 ?? ,????????????? ??至??? 9 cm ??????? PDA ??? ? ,??????????????????? ?. 115 　????????? 　?? FAO ???? ??????[7] . ????????????? ????? 5 mm ???????? ,????? ?????????? 125 , 250 , 500 , 1 000 ? 2 000μg/ mL??? (?????)? PDA ??? ??? 26 ???? ,?????? 3 ? . ?? 6 d ????????????? ,?????. ?? ????????????????????? ?????? ,? Origin 610 ? DPS 3101 ??? ????????????. ??????? ( %) = 　(1 - ??????????)?????????? ) ?100 2 　????? 211 　??????????? 　??????? ???????????? 6 d ??????? ????? 1 ??. ???? 5 ????? ,?? ????????????????????? ? ,EC50?? 120148μg/ mL ;????????? ?? , EC50?? 3 272137μg/ mL. ? EC50???? ? ,?????? 5 ????????????? > ???? > ????? > ????? > ??? ??.???????????? ,?????? ?????? 4 ?????????????? ?? 27116 ,7130 ,5135 ? 1128 ?. ?????????????????? 6 d ???????????? 1 ?? .???? 5 ? ???? ,????????????????? ??????? , EC50?? 58175μg/ mL ;??? ???????? , EC50?? 1 595187μg/ mL . ? EC50????? ,?????? 5 ??????? ?????? > ???? > ????? > ??? ?? > ????? . ???????????? , ???????????? 4 ???????? ???????? 27116 ,2176 ,1179 ? 1174 ?. ? 1　??????????? 5 ??????????????? (???? 6 ?) Tab11 　Inhibition bioactivitie of petroleum ether extract against mycelial growth of f ungi( 6 days after inoculation) ??? ?????? ???? ??? EC50 ( 95 %???) / (μg?mL - 1) P1oryzae Y= 11372 x + 21145 01983 ?01141 120148 (76172?256108) V1 pyrina Y= 01640 x + 31303 01951 ?01114 448129 (35184?4 390186) R1 solan i Y= 11041 x + 21099 01977 ?01124 611199 (98150?38 793144) F1sola ni Y= 01630 x + 21854 01955 ?01108 2 548188 (124119?1188 ?1010) A1 solan i Y= 01942 x + 11689 01901 ?01251 3 272137 (137179?2101 ?1012) ? 2 　???????????????????????? (???? 6 ?) Tab12 　Inhibition bioactivitie of chloroform extract against mycelial growth of fungi (6 days af ter inoculation) ??? ?????? ???? ??? EC50 ( 95 %???) / (μg?mL - 1) P1oryzae Y= 11195 x + 21886 01967 ?01173 58175(14196?396159) V1 pyrina Y= 01818 x + 21741 01964 ?01124 577158 (55142?1177?107) F1sola ni Y= 01829 x + 21554 01983 ?01085 892137 (138113?58 675162) R1 solan i Y= 11370 x + 01943 01984 ?01137 914177 (140188?44 593196) A1 solan i Y= 01867 x + 21223 01994 ?01052 1 595187(467132?10 361132) 791? S1 ? 　　　　　　　　　　? 　?? :???????????????????? 212 　??????????????? 　? 1 ? ??? 6 d ,???????????????? ???????? 5 ???????????? ??????? 1 ????? 125μg/ mL ?? ? ,???????????????????? ? 514 %?4817 %?? ; 250μg/ mL ??? ,?? ????????????? 2115 %?6613 %? ? ;500μg/ mL ??? ,??????????? ???? 2716 %?8113 %?? ; 1 000μg/ mL ?? ? ,??????????????? 2916 %? 9215 %?? ; 2 000μg/ mL ??? ,?????? ????????? 3716 %?9316 %??. ?? ?????? ,??????????? 5 ??? ?????????????????? ,2 000 μg/ mL ?????????. ? 1 　????????????????????????? (??? 6 d) Fig11 　Comparison of the dose - cour se column of inhibition by pet roleum et her extract against f ungi (6 days after inoculation) ? 2 　?????????? 5??????????????? (??? 6 d) Fig12 　Comparison of the dose - course column of inhibition by chloroform extract against f ungi (6 days af ter inoculation) 891 ?????? (?????) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? 30 ? 　　? 2 ???? 6 d ,??????????? ???????????? 5 ???????? ???????????. ????? 125μg/ mL ??? ,?????????????????? ?? 1517 %?6917 %?? ; 250μg/ mL ??? ,? ?????????????? 2516 %?6216 % ?? ;500μg/ mL ??? ,?????????? ????? 3410 %?8115 %?? ; 1 000μg/ mL ? ?? ,??????????????? 4415 % ?9417 %?? ; 2 000μg/ mL ??? ,????? ?????????? 5115 %?9618 %??. ? ??????? ,?????????? 5 ??? ?????????????????? ,2 000 μg/ mL ????????? . 3 　? 　? ??? ,??????????????? ?[4] ,??????????????????? ?? ,??????? 5 %???????[5 ] . ?? ??? ,?????????????????? ??? ,????????????.???? 5? ??????????? ,?????????? ????????????????. ????? ? ,?????????????? 5 ????? ????????????? ,???????? ????????. 2 ???????????? ??? ,???????????? ,?????? ??????????.???? 5 ????? ,? ????????????????? ,? EC50? ? 58175μg/ mL.??? ,??????????至 ??????????? ,?????????? ????????? ,????????????. ?????????????? ,??????? ?????????? ,???????????. ???? : [ 1] 　??? ,??? .???????????? [ M] .? ? :????????? ,1994. [ 2] 　???.????? [M ] .?? :????? ,1964. [3 ] 　??? . ??????????? [J ] .????? ? ,1997(8) :27230. [ 4] 　??? ,?? ,??? ,?.??????????? [J ] .?????? ,2006 ,26 (10) :2 14622 149. [ 5] 　??????????.????? [J ]. ????? ?? ,2004 ,25 (11) :46. [ 6] 　?? ,?? .?????????????? [ J ] .? ????? ,2006 ,6(85) :15217. [ 7 ] 　GOGOLOUS S G , DEKKER J . Detection and mea2 surement of f ungicide resista nce general principles [J ] . FAO Pl Prot Bull , 1982 , 30 (2) :39271. Primary studies on allelopat hic activi ty of extracts f rom Eucalyptus globulus leaves against phytopat hogens WU Lei , L I Cheng2yun , CHAI Ting2ting , YE Min ( Key Laboratory for Agricultural by Biodiversity and Pest Management of China Education Ministry , Yunnan Agricult ure U2 niversity , Kunming 650201 , China) Abstract :The allelopathic bioactivities on mycelial growth and the dose - activity relationships of two dif2 ferent Eucalypt us globul us leaves ext ract s , pet roleum ether extract and chloroform ext ract , against five phy2 topathogens , Pyricul ari a oryzae , Rhizoct on ia sol ani , Fus ari um sol an i , Vent uri a py rin a , and Alter nari a sol ani , were determined by mycelial growth rate method in PDA pet ri dish. The result s showed that Euca2 ly pt us globu lus leaves ext racts provided different inhibition bioactivities against t he phytopathogens at same dose t reatment . The inhibit ion bioact ivit y of chloroform ext ract is bett er than petroleum ether one. Among five t arget phytopathogens , chloroform ext ract of Eucal ypt us gl obul us leaves played the best performance a2 gainst Pyricul ari a oryzae with i ts EC50 at 58175μg/ mL. Thi s study provides an import ant clue that will help y x f K y y ; y ; y ; y ; y 991? S1 ? 　　　　　　　　　　? 　?? :???????????????????? to develop Eucal pt us globu lus e t ract s as a botanical ungicide. e wor ds : allelopathic activi t Eucal pt us globul us ph topathogen m celial growth bioactivit