冠词的用法

null冠词的用法 冠词的用法 nullArticlesnull1. 冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使 用，也没有词义，它用在名词 的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。2. 冠词分为不定冠词a(an) 和定冠词the两种。null一.不定冠词的用法null分析 ：a和an均用于单数可数名词之前，表示一类人或事物中的“任何”一个，相当于汉语中的“一”，但不用于强调数目的概念。 例1 Jack’s father is _____ doctor. A. a B. an C. some D. /null 例2 There is ____ “f” and ____ “u” in the word “four”. A. an, a B. a, a C. an, an D. a, an分析 ：在名词前使用a或an要取决于该名词的读音。如果首字母的读音是元音因素，应用an；如果首字母的读音是辅音音素，应用a。null1. a, e, i, o, u五个元音字母处于词首 时，未必都是元音音素，u发音 [ju:]或[ju]前面用冠词a，u读[۸]时 前面用冠词an。null2. 26个字母中以开头为元音音素发音的 字母有：f [ef], h [eit], l [el], n [en], r [a:], s [es], x [eks] 。 There is an “R” in the word. 　This is a European country. European词首字母不发音， [j]是辅 音音素。 　This is a one-eyed dog. one [w]是辅音音素。null 例3---Why not take ____ friend with you? ---That’s ____ good idea. A. a, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, a分析 使用不定冠词指某人或某物，但不具体说明是 何人或何物。null例4 Take the medicine three times ____ day. A. a B. the C. an D./分析 使用不定冠词表示单位，fifty miles an hour意为“每小时50公里”，twice a week意为“每周两次”。null例5. English is _____language. It is _____ important tool. A. a, a B. a, an C. the, an D. a, /分析 a language意为“一种语言”。language 是可数名词。null例6____ steel worker makes steel. A./ B. A C. This D. That分析 a(an)放于单数的可数名词前表 示“一类”。该句中 a steel worker是指 钢铁工人们。表示一类有三种方式： A bike is slower than a car. The bike is slower than the car. Bikes are slower than cars.null例7 Tom has ____ high fever and his mother is looking after him.　 A. a B. the C. an D./分析 表示生什么病前应用a, have a headache, have a cold。null例8 Mary takes ____ walk after supper every day. A. the B. a C./ D. one分析　give, take, have与一些动词名 词化的词连用，表示一次动作，名 词前要加a。 have a talk (bath, look); make a living (promise); take a swim (walk, rest) give a talk (whistle, smile)null例9 The old woman had____ fire in her room. A. the B./ C. a D. this分析　抽象名词和物质名词的具体化时，该名词前要加a。 It is a great joy to study at this college. This kind of wood can make into a good paper. He made a living by selling newspaper.null二、定冠词的用法null例１There is ___bridge over the river. ___ bridge is made of stone. A. a, A B. a, The C. the, The D. the, A　分析 文章中第一次出现的可数名词 前用a(an)。下次再出现此名词则用the。 I have a little bird. The bird is yellow.null例２ ___ old workers under that tree are from Shanghai. A. The B. An C. This D. That分析 名词后有表示范围、地点的介词短语限定时，名词前应加the来表示特指。 The boys here are interested in sports.null例3 ____ first one sat down and the second stood up. A. The B. A C. One D. An分析 序数词前表示顺序时前加the。 Mary is the third to come in.null例４Winter is ____ coldest season of the year. A. a B. the C./ D. so分析 形容词最高级前及Only修饰的名词前均要加 the。 Mary is the only girl who is often late for class.null例５____ moon moves around __ earth, and they both are smaller than ____ sun. A. The, the, the B. A, an, a C. The, an, the D. The, the, a分析 定冠词用于表示世界上独一无 二的物体名词前。null例６We live in ____ south of China. A. the B./ C. a D. some　分析 表示东、南、西、北方的名词前要加the。 The sun rises in the east.null例７____ browns are watching TV at home at the moment. A./ B. The C. Mr. D.A分析 the放于姓氏的复数形式前时，表示一家人或一姓的夫妇二人。null例８He will go to see you off at ___ Railway Station. 　 A. a B. an C. the D./分析 the＋普通名词构成专有名词。 the United States／the United Nations the People’s Republic of Chinanull例９I was playing ____ piano at eight yesterday morning. A. a B./ C. the D. this分析 play＋乐器表示弹奏时，该乐器名 词前加 the。 Alice likes to play the violin while Kate likes to play the flute. 表示数量时可用a。 This is a new piano against the wall.null例10 Our teacher gets up early in ____ morning. A. the B./ C. a D. an分析 牢记一些含the的习惯用语，在 句中用作时间状语。 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　in the afternoon (evening)／ in the daytime at the beginning／in the endnull例11 There is a large ship in ____middle of the river. A. a B./ C. the D. any分析 牢记一些含the的习惯用语，在句 中用作地点状语。 on the right (left)/in the front of in the middle of the meeting / the forest/ at the foot of the hillnull例12 Last night we went to ____ cinema. A. the B. a C./ D. those分析 牢记一些固定搭配： go to the concert (theatre)null例13 ____ young should care for and help ____ old. A. The, a B. The, the C. A, the D. An, an分析 the＋形容词（形容词名词化） 表示一类人或事物。 the poor / the rich / the sick / the beautifulnull例14 The small town lies on ____ Yangtzi River. A. a B. an C./ D. the分析 定冠词the用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛名称的前面。 the Dead Sea / the Black Sea the North China Plain华北平原null三. 零冠词的用法不用冠词就叫做零冠词null例1 Paper is made of ____ bamboo. A. a B. the C. / D. that分析 物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词。 Wood can be made into chairs and tables. Iron is a kind of metal.null例２ ____ January is the first month of the year. A. The B. A C. / D. That分析 表示节日、月份的名词前一般 不加the。Spring is coming. He was born in December. 如果表示有某年限定的季节和月份时，季节和月份前要加the。 He was born in the Summer of 1964.null例３We have no classes ____ Sundays. A. the B. these C. \ D. those分析 表示一周中七日的名称前一般不加冠词。null例４I studies ___English in___ England. A. /, / B. an, the C. an, an D. /, the分析 学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加 冠词。 learn Chinese (maths, physics, chemistry) China is in Asia. in Germany (Japan) in Africa (Europe …)null例５They often take a walk in ____ Hyde Park. A. the B. a C. / D. this分析 在一些专有名词（地名、节假日）之前不加冠词。 Christmas Day New year’s Eve National Day Children’s Day Teachers’ Day Wall Streetnull例６The thief was thrown into ___ prison. A. the B. a C. this D. /分析 表示某一概念，而不是某具体工 作的部门时，名词前不加冠词。null背会下列词组： go to work (college, school, hospital, church) be in hospital (school, bed, prison) go to school/ go to the school上这所学校 go to bed/ be on the bed东西摆在床上 go to class (be in class)/ be in the class 在教室里 null例７He doesn’t have ____ breakfast at home. A. a B. the C. this D. /分析 表示三餐的名词前不加冠词，如果前面有形容词修饰该词，表示 “一顿…的饭”，可加a。 have a big supper (nice lunch)null例８We go to work by __ bus. A. / B. a C. the D. one分析 表示交通工具的手段时，用by＋名词表示，该名词前不用冠词。by bike (taxi, car, train, plane, spaceship)或by sea (water, air, land) 如果用介词in或on，名词前要加冠词或物主代词。null例９____ running is good. A. The B. A C. / D. An　分析 动名词前一般不用冠词。 Walking on the moon is difficult. Seeing is believing.null例10 These boys play ____ football after class. A. a B. the C. that D. /分析 球类、棋类、游戏名称前不加冠词。null例11 The students of ____ Grade One are having a meeting. A. these B. / C. a D. an分析 名词＋数词表示顺序时，前面不加冠词the；序数词＋名词表示顺序数，序数词前加冠词the。 turn to page3/ the third page Lesson One/ the first lesson gate Five/ the fifth Gatenull例12 There is no ____ book on the desk. A. the B. a C. an D. /分析 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或any和 no时，均 不再用冠词。 no books, not a book, not any booksnull例13 He often works late at ____ night. A. / B. the C. a D. all分析 表示时间或地点的一些介词＋名词的词组和一些固定词组中，均不加冠词。 at home, in town, at noon, at daybreak, in trouble, in danger, in fact等。null例14 What does this word mean, ____? A. my father B. Father C. father D. a father分析家庭成员的称呼、称呼语或只一人担任的职务名词前不用冠词。 He is secretary of our lab. Mother is cooking while father is reading newspaper. father和mother大写时前不加物主代词，小写时前要加物主代词，如：my father, his mother。null注意： 有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词，其 意义有所不同。如： 1) at table 在吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁 2) in class 在上课 in the class 在班级中null3) go to school 去上学 go to the school 到那所学校去 4) go to bed 上床睡觉 go to the bed 到床那边去 5) in front of 在…的前面 in the front of 在…的前部null1. 表示一类人或事物中的“任何” 一个，相当于汉语中“一”， 但不用于强调数目的概念。 2. 指某人或某物，但不具体说明 是何人或何物。 3. 表示单位 4. 表示“一类”不定冠词的用法null1. 文章中第一次出现的可数名词前 用a (an)。下次再出现此名词时。 2. 名词后有表示范围、地点的介词 短语限定时 3. 序数词前表示顺序时 4. 形容词最高级前及only修饰的名词 前。 5. 定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的 物体名词前。定冠词的用法null6. 表示东、南、西、北方的名词前 7. 姓氏的复数形式前时,表示一家人 或一姓的夫妇二人 8. the＋普通名词构成专有名词。 9. play＋乐器表示弹奏时，该乐器名 词前加 the。 10. the＋形容词（形容词名词化） 表示一类人或事物 11. 定冠词the用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛名称的前面null1. 物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词 2. 表示节日、月份的名词前一般不加the 3. 表示一周中七日的名称前一般不加冠词 4. 学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加冠词 5. 在一些专有名词（地名、节假日） 之前不加冠词 6. 表示某一概念，而不是某具体工作的 部门时，名词前不加冠词 7. 表示三餐的名词前不加冠词不用冠词的场合null8. 表示交通工具的手段时，用by＋名词表 示，该名词前不用冠词。 9. 动名词前一般不用冠词。 10. 球类、棋类、游戏名称前不加冠词。 11.名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代 词、名词所有格或any和 no时，均不再 用冠词 12.表示时间或地点的一些介词＋名词的词 组和一些固定词组中，均不加冠词 13.家庭成员的称呼、称呼语或只一人担任 的职务名词前不用冠词nullExercise 1. Write a, an or the Where necessary.1. Write a, an or the Where necessary.Mina lives in a-big city. She is (1)____ eighteen-year-old girl. She’s got. (2)___ brother and (3)___sister. Mina is (4)____ oldest child in (5)___ family. (6)_____city where she lives is very big. (7)_____ population is more than 10 million. Mina doesn’t have (8)____education. She has (9)____job working in (10)___factory. She hopes that one day she will have (11) ____chance to go to (12)____school. anaathetheThe The anaaa/null1.There’s no air or water on ____ moon. 2. ___ Yellow River is ___ second longest river in ___ China. 3. My mother bought me ___ very nice bike. I like ____ bike very much. 4. Xiao Ming likes playing ____ basketball, but he doesn’t like playing _____ piano. the The the a the / the /null5. The students don’t have classes in ___ afternoon on ____ Saturday. 6. I often watch TV in ____ evening. 7. Let’s go out for ____ walk. 8. What would you like for lunch, __ coffee or ____ milk? the / the a / /null1. - Is it ___ English dictionary? - Yes, and it is ___ useful one. A. a, a B. a, an C. an, a D. an, an 2. There’s ___ dictionary on ___ desk near the window. A. a, the B. a, a C. the, a D. the, the 3. ___ earth we live on is bigger than ___ moon. A. The, a B. The, the C. An, a D. An, thenull4. It takes us nearly ___ hour to go to Korla by ___ air. A. an, a B. a, an C. an, / D. a, the 5. My uncle isn’t ___ old man, and he likes playing ___ football. A. a, a B. an, an C. the, the D. an, / 6. ___ car in front of our school gate is__. A. The, the Turners’ B. A, the Turner’s C. /, the Turners’ D. The, the Turnersnull