非谓语动词复习课件

null非谓语动词的结构形式非谓语动词的结构形式to be doneto doto have doneto have been doneto be doingto have been doing doingbeing donehaving donehaving been donedoingbeing donehaving donehaving been done donenull非谓语动词在句中所作的成分 √√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√null非谓语动词 （本堂课主要内容） 不定式，现在分词，过去分词作宾补的用法 2.不定式，现在分词，过去分词作定语的用法 3.不定式，现在分词，过去分词作状语的用法 （一）不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾补的区别 （一）不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾补的区别 1. I saw him falling off his bike just at that moment ． (看到他时他正从自行车上掉下来。) 2. He found himself lying on the ground when he came to himself．(当他苏醒过来时他发现自己正躺在地上。) 1. I saw him fall off his bike and hurt his left leg．(看到他从自行车上掉下来，并且摔伤了腿。)表全过程。 现在分词作宾补和宾语在逻辑上有主动关系，强调动作在进行。不定式作宾补和宾语在逻辑上有主动关系，强调动作的过程。 注意：如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词的-ing形式。 null2. I saw him enter the room, sit down and light a cigarette. 1. I heard my name called by someone．(我听到我的名字被叫，my name和called是被动关系。) 2. when I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves.过去分词作宾补和宾语在逻辑上有被动关系。null1. We often see them play football; 2. They are often seen to play football 3. The teacher made him stand outside for two hours. 4. He was made to stand outside for two hours 省to的不定式作宾补：宾补省to记11,一感二听三使役;五看一帮两均可,被动该to不能弃. 1感 feel,2听 hear,listen to, 3使役 have,let, make, 5看 see,look at, notice,observe, watch, 1帮help null(一)非谓语动词作宾补 1.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _____. A. not to B. not to do C. not to it D. do not to A 为了避免重复，常用省略形式 to 来代替前面动作。如：Would you like to visit our school? Yes, I’d like to.null2. Paul doesn’t have to be made _____. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 3. The missing boys were last seen _____ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 4. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_____ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out BCA（二）不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语的区别（二）不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语的区别动词不定式作定语通常放在被修饰的名词后面。 1. The poor children need something to eat． 它和被修饰的名词有时有动宾关系。 2. There is some books for you to read．(可看成：to read some books) 3. I'd like to get something to drink．(可看成：to drink something)null 1. I need a pen to write with． (可看成：to write with the pen) 2. She now has nothing to worry about． (可看成：to worry about nothing) 如果这个作定语的不定式是一个不及物动词，注意不可忽略不定式短语中的副词或介词。(二)不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语时在时态和语态上有区别(二)不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语时在时态和语态上有区别*不定式作定语表示将来的动作。 如：The bridge to be built next month is the third bridge across the river． *现在分词作定语,doing表示正在进行,与被修饰词是主动关系；being done表示正在进行与被修饰词是被动关系。 如：The bridge being built now is the third bridge across the river． *过去分词作定语表示已完成或与先行词是被动关系的动作。 如：The bridge built last year is the third bridge across the river．null(二)非谓语动词作定语 高考点击： 1. The flowers ____ sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 2．The first textbooks _____for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D.written该题的谓语动词是 attract，“闻起来很香”用来作定语修饰主语 flowers。感官动词没有被动。BDnull3. The picture _____ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 4. There are five pairs _____, but I’m at a loss which to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing BB.to do表示 1.目的; 2.结果—表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用only强调。 3.原因—表示造成情感变化的原因to do表示 1.目的; 2.结果—表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用only强调。 3.原因—表示造成情感变化的原因1. They worked hard to pay for the necklace. 2. He woke up only to find himself lying on a bed in a hospital. 3. I am glad to see you.（三）不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语的区别null 1, Hearing the news ,he couldn’t help laughing .（时间） = 2, Given enough time ,I can do it better （条件） = 3, Our teacher came in ,followed by many students (伴随） =when he heard the news,If I am given enough time,and he was followed by many students2. Ing-form、ed-form 作状语的区别Seeing from the top of the hill, you can find the city more beautiful. Seen from the top of the hill ,the city is more beautiful.分词作状语可以表示时间，条件，原因，结果，伴随或方式 ，相当于相应的状语从句。 分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，分词与逻辑主语的关系是主动的，用doing，反之，用done。 null 1. I got up only to find it was raining outside ． 2. He was too excited to say a word ． 1. His parents died，leaving him a lot of money． 2. The output of iron decreased by 23％last year, reaching 80，000 tons．3.不定式和分词作状语表示结果时的区别不定式表结果时，指没有预料到的结果。 分词表示结果包含着一种必然发生的情况。done,句子（不强调时间先后，表示状语的动作与逻辑主语是被动关系或表逻辑主语的状态）; Being done,句子（强调状语的动作与逻辑主语是被动关系，而且正在进行）; Having been done,句子（强调时间先后，表示状语的动作在谓语动词之前已经完成，而且状语动作与逻辑主语是被动关系）；done,句子（不强调时间先后，表示状语的动作与逻辑主语是被动关系或表逻辑主语的状态）; Being done,句子（强调状语的动作与逻辑主语是被动关系，而且正在进行）; Having been done,句子（强调时间先后，表示状语的动作在谓语动词之前已经完成，而且状语动作与逻辑主语是被动关系）； 1.Used as a means of traffic in China, the bike is very useful. 2.Surprised and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. 3.Being used by me now, the bike can’t be lent to you. 4.Having been used for many years, the bike needs repairing.. null（三）非谓语动词作状语 高考题点击： --- Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? --- _____ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting 2. In order to make our city green, _____. A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more treesCD回答why引导的问句，一般用不定式，回答what问句，一般用—ing形式。null3. _____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose 4. _____ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 5. He sent me an E-mail, _____ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope CABnull6.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only the film stars had left. A. To tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 7.”can’t you read?” Mary said to the notice . A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. to point D. and angrily pointlyBAnull非谓语动词的句子结构 分析技巧 null1._____many times , but he still couldn't understand it . 2. _____many times , he still couldn't understand it . A. Having been told B. Told C. He was told D. Though he had been told CAnull3. ______to the left , you'll find the post office . 4. If you _____to the left , you'll find the post office . 5. ______to the left , and you'll find the post office . A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned ACCnullnull确定要选非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语， 但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时 ，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。 First ____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. introducing B. introduced C. Introduce D. being introduced Bnull1._______no buses , we had to walk home. 2. ______Sunday, I shall have a quiet day at home . There being B. It were C. There were D. It being ADnull分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。 null1.______from space , the earth looks blue . 2.______from space , we can see the earth is blue See 3. The dirty clothes ____ , the girl hung them up outside . 4. ____ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside was washed B. washed C. were washed D. having washed BDnullnull1.The building ______now will be a restaurant . 2. The building ______next year will be a restaurant . 3. The building ______last year is a restaurant. (build) 1. being built 2. to be built 3. built nullNonfinite Verbs 1.I haven’t decided which hotel_________(居住）（stay) 2.He is the best one______(做) the job.(do) 3. I woke early only______（却发现） it was still midnight.(find) 4.He was considered the first man _______________(发明）the telephone.(invent)to stay atto doto findto have inventednull5.Do you have anything ________(send) (you send sth) 6.Do you have anything__________(send)(I help you send sth)to sendto be sentnullNonfinite Verbs7. I found him_________________(坐) on the grass.(seat) /（sit） 8. He was caught _______ .(steal) 9.It’s wrong of you to leave the machine _________.(run) 10.The guest left most of the dishes ___________, because they didn’t taste delicious.(untouch) seated/ sittingstealingrunninguntouchednull 30. When____________(比较）different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities.(compare) 31.__________ （比较）with other top students, you are better.(compare). . 35.Only ________(服用） according to the directions can the medicine be quite effective.（take) comparingComparedtakennullNonfinite Verbs pay attention to such expressions: be lost in; be interested in; be tired of ; be satisfied with ; be excited about; Be faced with; be dressed in 37.厌倦了踢球，他返回了教室。 ______________________________________. 38.面对困难，他勇敢地向前冲。 ______________________________________. Tired of playing football, he went back to the classroom.Faced with difficulty, he rushed forward bravely.nullNonfinite Verbs 40.____your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoid. A. Having check; B. Check; C. If you check; D. To check 41._____ many times, but the child still didn’t know how to do it. A.Having been told B. Being told C. Told D. He had been told. C.D.null _______（要学好） English well, we have so many words ______（记）; our listening also needs _______（提高）. We hardly find a person ______ （玩）, because nobody wants to waste time _____ （无所事事）nothing. Everyone wants to be the last one ______ （离开）the classroom, we have no choice but _____ （努力）hard. It is no use only ____（说）so, we are often found _____（坐）in the classroom ________________（阅读或思考）.Our teachers always have ______ （满意的）smile on their faces To learnto rememberimprovingto play withdoingto leaveto worksayingsittingreading or thinkingsatisfiednull _________（坦率地说）______(努力）hard is not a problem. The problem is __________ （怎样提高）English quickly. We have nothing______（可说）__________(关于） our teacher’s teaching experience. _________（面对）such a _______ （困惑）problem, we are still sure of ourselves._____________（已经学了） English for 12 years, we can communicate in simple English. ____________ （如果机会允许）I would like to be an English teacher of a university.To be frank, workingChance permitting,Having learnedFaced withpuzzlingto sayconcerninghow to improve