三聚氰胺_双氰胺甲醛树脂磷酸盐阻燃EVA的研究

๭ߡන೺ǖ 212008-09-13 ෙ਋൦Ӄ -ມ൦Ӄोඅຏኬଡ໗ჸፆ඘ EVAڦჺ৯ Study on Flame Retardancy of EVA Treated with Melamine- dicyandiamide-formaldehyde Resin Phosphate Wpm/48!Op/3!)Tvn/313* Gfcsvbsz!!311: ૚ࡊݰ Li Guifen - ࣀԛ੔रბᇾ࣍ৣ߾ײဣLjࢋԛ ෙࢋ 065201 - Department of Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science & Technology, Sanhe 065201,China ୑NJ᜵ : ዆Ԣକෙ਋൦Ӄ -ມ൦Ӄोඅࠌ਋ຏኬଡ໗ჸ (PMDF)Ljժᆩࢤྔ࠼೷৊ႜକ՗ኙăॽഄᆌᆩᇀፆ඘ᅚ ဗ -ᅚ໗ᅚဗࠌ਋࿿ (EVA)Lj֑ ᆩᄟኸຕᅏࢅጔႚଉඤᅏܔፆ඘Ⴀీ৊ႜକ֪๬ă঳ࡕ՗௽ǖཁे 30%ڦ PMDFࢫLjEVAڦᄟኸຕྺ 29.8%Ljٳڟ UL94 VĊ0पǗ඘ฏࡗײዐඤଉ๥ݣࢅჶ๥ݣଉ௽၂ူইă Abstract : Melamine-dicyandiamide-formaldehyde resin phosphate (PMDF) was synthesized and characterized by IR. PMDF was applied to flame retardant ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and the flame retardancy of the copolymer was investigated by limiting oxygen index meter and CONE. The results showed that when adding 30% PMDF, the limiting oxygen index of EVA was 29.8% and reached to UL94 VĊ0 grade. During the combustion of EVA, the heat release and smoke release were obviously decreased. С᪃ជ : ፆ඘Ǘෙ਋൦ӃǗມ൦ӃǗଡ໗ჸǗᅚဗ.ᅚ໗ᅚဗࠌ਋࿿ Key words : Flame retardant; Melamine; Dicyandiamide; Phosphate; Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer ૙ஃᇑჺ৯ ࿔ቤՊࡽǖ1005-3360DŽ2009Dž02-0021-03 ஠࿸ಕខᆉ : A˖ڎѫዜՁ : TQ325.12 ມ൦Ӄोඅຏኬଡ໗ჸ๟ᅃዖ૸ॏߛၳڦٷݴ ጱፆ඘वLj20๘ु 60౎پᅜઠ࠽ݘᆌᆩᇀఢ֌ڪ္ ྼ໎एዊ֌ଙ [1-2]Ljت૙ڦఢ֌փৈਏᆶ࢔ࡻڦ࿘ۨ ႠLj൐ੇחĂݞ৐؜Ljԥᇤྺఢ֌ڦྤీፆ඘व [3-4]Lj ዁ৃධԥ࠽ྺᆌᆩ [5]ăڍ໲ሞ਋ࢇ࿿֌ଙዐڦᆌᆩ ඐ࢔ณԒڢăܸᆯٷݴጱڦෙ਋൦Ӄोඅຏኬ዆Ԣ ڦଡ໗ჸLjഄଡࡤଉگLjፆ඘ၳࡕփ૙ၙăኍܔฉຎ ࿚༶LjԨํᄓ๯ْ዆Ԣକෙ਋൦Ӄ -ມ൦Ӄोඅࠌ਋ ຏኬଡ໗ჸ (PMDF)Ljժॽഄᆌᆩᇀፆ඘ᅚဗ -ᅚ໗ ᅚဗࠌ਋࿿DŽEVADžዐLjൽڥକডࡻڦၳࡕă 1 ํᄓևݴ 1.1 ዷᄲ๬वࢅᇱଙ EVALj18-3Ljԛ৙ᄊ෷็ࣅࠅິǗ ෙ਋൦ӃĂມ൦ӃĂोඅĂଡ໗Lj਩ྺݴဆكLj๨ ๳ă 1.2 ፆ඘व዆Ԣ ൽ 1.1molDŽ81mlDžोඅමᅂDŽ37%Džे ෇ጎᆶ࿒ ܈ऺĂওӴഗĂ࣮ୁૐౡ࠶ڦ 250mlෙ੨ฏ೟ዐLjᆩ ᅚـӃۙব pHኵྺ 8Ljे ඤ༫ेඤLjॽ 30gມ൦ӃLj 25.2gෙ਋൦Ӄंࢇ਩ሌࢫݴׯዊଉԲྺ 4:2:1ڦ ෙݻݴօे෇Ljे ෇ڼᅃݻມ൦Ӄࢅෙ਋൦Ӄڦं ࢇ࿿ࢫLjওӴժื࿒዁ 90ņLjԍ࿒ 40 minLjۙ pHኵ ዁ 5.2Ǘই࿒዁ 80ņ׼ჄݒᆌǗݒᆌ዁ँጥۅ 40ņLj े෇ڼܾݻມ൦Ӄࢅෙ਋൦Ӄڦंࢇ࿿Ǘݒᆌ዁ँ ጥۅ 80ņࢫLjे ෇ڼෙݻມ൦Ӄࢅෙ਋൦Ӄڦं ࢇ࿿LjीჄݒᆌ 20minڥᰰؓཪ௽ጒෙ਋൦Ӄ -ມ ൦Ӄोඅຏኬᇨ਋ DŽ༹MDFDžăӀ࿿ዊڦଉԲ 1:1 े෇ଡ໗ሞ 60ņူݒᆌ 20minLjࠦ ࣅࢫڥڟෙ਋ ൦Ӄ -ມ൦Ӄोඅຏኬଡ໗ჸ (PMDF)ă 1.3 ᄣ೗዆Ԣ ׬ൽᅃۨଉڦ EVALjे ෇ 30%ڦ PMDFፆ඘ वंࢇLjሞມࡏ໒଀ऐฉᇀ 115ņፑᆸਸ଀ 15minLj ඗ࢫሞೝӱ଼ࣅऐฉᇀ120ņĂ10MPaူඤუׯ႙Lj ዆ׯ߳ዖࡀ߭ڦᄣཉᅜԢ֪๬ [6]ă 1.4 ֪๬ᇑ՗ኙ ࢤྔ࠼೷ᆩ Nicoletࠅິڦ NEXUS-470႙ࢤ ྔ࠼೷ᅏ৊ႜ՗ኙLjඇݒพఇ๕ă 三聚氰胺-双氰胺甲醛树脂磷酸盐阻燃EVA的研究.indd 21三聚氰胺-双氰胺甲醛树脂磷酸盐阻燃EVA的研究.indd 21 2009/1/19 18:39:452009/1/19 18:39:45 22 ෙ਋൦Ӄ.ມ൦Ӄोඅຏኬଡ໗ჸፆ඘FWBڦჺ৯ ᄟኸຕӀ ASTM D2863Ljᆩ Stanton Redcroft FTA ᄟኸຕᅏ֪ۨLjᄣཉ؅٫100mmġ6.5mmġ3mmă UL94ؽ኱඘ฏႠీӀ FMVSS302/ZSO 3975Lj ሞ CZF-2႙ጹࢇؽ኱඘ฏᅏฉ৊ႜLjᄣཉ؅٫ 127mmġ12.7mmġ3mmă ጔႚଉඤݴဆ֑ᆩ Stanton Redcroftጔႚଉඤ ᅏLjᄣཉ؅٫ 100mmġ100mmġ3mmLjඤୁഽ܈ 35kW/m2ă 2 ঳ࡕᇑ༪ஃ 2.1 ፆ඘वڦࢤྔ࠼೷ݴဆ ཮ 1ྺ PMDFڦࢤྔ࠼೷ăٗ཮ 1੗ᅜੂ؜Lj 2 192cm-1تྺມ൦Ӄݴጱዐ CĴNڦ༬ኙဌ๭ރLj 1 500cm-1޹ৎྺෙᙦ࣍ڦ CǙNဌ๭ރLj814cm-1 تྺෙᙦ࣍ڦ༬ኙဌ๭ރLj1 016cm-1تྺो᷋एĊ CH2OHဌ๭ރLj1 240~1 280cm -1ྺ PǙOڦฦ໫ና ۯރăᅺُLjPMDFڦ঳ࠓྺࡤଡٷݴጱă � 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 ਌ ᬊ ⥛ ⊶᭄/cm�1 ཮ 1 PMDFڦࢤྔ೷཮ 'JH���5IF�JOGSBSFE�TQFDUSVN�PG�1.%' 2.2 PMDFᆩଉܔEVA඘ฏႠీڦᆖၚ ՗ 1 PMDFᆩଉܔ EVA ᄟኸຕࢅؽ኱඘ฏႠీڦᆖၚ 5BC���5IF�FGGFDU�PG�UIF�DPOUFOU�PG�1.%'�PO�UIF�0*�BOE�WFSUJDBM� DPNCVTUJPO�QFSGPSNBODF�PG�&7" 1.%' ၸ᧙ �� 0*���� 6-�� � ���� ʿ᣹ಕ �� ���� 7ú� �� ���� 7ú� �� ���� 7ú� ՗ 1ྺ PMDFᆩଉܔ EVAᄟኸຕDŽOIDžࢅؽ ኱඘ฏႠీڦᆖၚăٗ՗ 1੗ᅜੂ؜Ljໜጣፆ඘व ᆩଉڦሺेLjOIደॷฉืLjړፆ඘वᆩଉྺ30%้Lj OIሺ዁ 29.8%ăٳڟ UL94 VĊ0पLjຫ௽ PMDF ీডࡻڦፆ඘ EVAăཁेକ PMDFڦ EVAሞᇜ ڟआᄐࢫݴ঴ิׯଡ໗Śೋଡ໗Ś਋ೋଡ໗ăፆ ඘ EVAሞݴ঴ࡗײዐׂิଡ໗֫Ljႚׯփࣩ݀Ⴀ ԍࢺ֫ޮ߃ᇀ඘ฏ௬Lj߰ ਨକᄟഘڦࠃߴLjፆኹକ ඘ฏڦ৊ႜLjٗ ܸٳڟፆ඘ڦణڦă 2.3 ጔႚଉඤݴဆ ጔႚଉඤݴဆᆩઠೠॏ֌ଙڦፆ඘ႠీLj໯֪ ֖ຕԈઔඤ๥ݣ໏୲ (HRR)Ăጺඤ๥ݣଉDŽTHRDžĂ ጺჶิׯଉ (TSR)Ăჶ๥ݣ໏୲DŽSPRDžĂCO ิ ׯ୲DŽY CODžă๬ᄣ 1 ྺك EVALj๬ᄣ 2 ྺे෇ 30%PMDFڦፆ඘ EVAă 2.3.1 ඤଉ๥ݣ ඤଉڦ๥ݣ኱থ࠲ဣڟ֌ଙڦ඘ฏႠీăԨ ํᄓᆩ HRRࢅ THRଇ߲֖ຕઠ࢚ଉ֌ଙڦඤ๥ ݣăHRRኸڇ࿋௬ओᄣ೗඘ฏ้๥ݣඤଉڦ໏୲Lj HRRሁٷLjݒઍߴ֌ଙ՗௬ڦ඘ฏඤ৽ሁٷLjे ੺ କඤଛ঴໏܈Ljժ൐ׂิକ߸ܠڦࣩ݀Ⴀ੗඘࿿Lj े੺କआᄐڦدխLjᅺُ਋ࢇ࿿֌ଙሞआሚዐڦླ ၃Ⴀ৽ሁٷăইگ HRRࢅ๥ݣඤLjᆶዺᇀ੦዆आ ᄐڦٷၭࢅணჽLj࣏੗३ณჶĂ۾ഘĂޫ ์Ⴀഘ༹ڦ ๥ݣଉă཮ 2ྺे෇ PMDFമࢫ EVAڦ HRRໜ ้क़ڦՎࣅ൸၍ă཮ 3ྺे෇ PMDFമࢫ EVAڦ THRໜ้क़ڦՎࣅ൸၍ă 0 200 400 600 800 -50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 HR R/ (k W g m- 2 ) ᯊ䯈/s 1 2 �úጥ &7"὚�ú᫽྆ &7" ཮ 2 े෇ PMDFമࢫ EVAڦ HRR൸၍ 'JH���5IF�)33�DVSWFT�PG�QSF�BOE�QPTU�&7"�BEEFE�XJUI�1.%'� 0 200 400 600 800 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 g m -2 ) ᰦ䰤/s 1 2 �úጥ &7"὚�ú᫽྆ &7" ཮ 3 े෇ PMDFമࢫ EVAڦ THR൸၍ 'JH���5IF�5)3�DVSWFT�PG�QSF�BOE�QPTU�&7"�BEEFE�XJUI�1.%' ٗ཮ 2ࢅ཮ 3੗ᅜੂ؜Ljፆ඘व๑ EVAڦ HRRࢅ THRۼᆶডٷײ܈ڦইگLjຫ௽ PMDFీ 三聚氰胺-双氰胺甲醛树脂磷酸盐阻燃EVA的研究.indd 22三聚氰胺-双氰胺甲醛树脂磷酸盐阻燃EVA的研究.indd 22 2009/1/19 18:39:462009/1/19 18:39:46 23 ႜ ᄽ ۯ ༀ ࣀ໒ॽሞಎেॺ໒ଙᇴ නമLjಎে๨ມ໼ጱ൶አުཞଓౢࣀ໒ஹᅟᆶ၌ࠅິധຈକॺย໒ଙᇴ൶઀ॐၹᅱă ࣀ໒ஹᅟࠅິॽሞಎেߛႎरຍׂᄽਸ݀൶ాॺยڦ໒ଙׂᄽᇴ቞ں 500చLjዘۅ݀ቛ໒ଙ዆೗ิׂĂ໒ଙ ఇਏे߾Ăᇱଙஹᅟत֞ئ࿿ୁڪၜణLjඇ૰ٶሰԛݛ໒ଙे߾एںࢅ໒ଙᇱଙĂ໒ଙ዆೗ঢ়ၨणොںă਍ဒLj໒ ଙׂᄽᇴ৆ତଓౢࣀেࣅ߾णཷLj੗ྺഓᄽ३ณᇱଙሏ๼ݯᆩLjইگิׂׯԨă 311:౎!3ሆ!ڼ48ਝ!ڼ3೺DŽጺڼ313೺Dž ෙ਋൦Ӄ.ມ൦Ӄोඅຏኬଡ໗ჸፆ඘FWBڦჺ৯ ᆶၳں३ෑआᄐ඘ฏڦഽ܈Ljᅞ዆඘ฏݒᆌڦ৊ ႜLjٗ ܸٳڟፆ඘ڦణڦă 2.3.2 ჶഘಇݣ ჶഘಇݣᆩ TSRĂSPRࢅY COઠ࢚ଉă཮ 4 ࢅ཮ 5ݴ՚๟े෇ PMDFമࢫڦ TSRࢅ SPRໜ ้क़ڦՎࣅ൸၍ăٗ཮ 4ࢅ཮ 5੗ᅜੂ؜Ljे ෇ PMDFీ௽၂ইگჶ๥ݣ໏୲ࢅጺჶׂଉă཮ 6 ྺ COׂ୲ໜ้क़ڦՎࣅ൸၍ăٗ཮ 6੗ᅜੂ؜Lj े෇ PMDF๑ EVAڦ COׂ୲ইگăຫ௽ཁे PMDFইگକEVA඘ฏࡗײዐᆶ۾ഘ༹ڦಇݣଉLj PMDFሞፆ඘ڦཞ้Lj࣏ਏᆶডࡻڦᅞჶႠăཁे କ PMDFڦ EVAሞᇜڟआᄐࢫݴ঴ิׯଡ໗Ś ೋଡ໗Ś਋ೋଡ໗Lj਋ೋଡ໗ీٝ৊ߛ਋࿿඘ฏݴ ঴ၠྃ຤Ă༐ࣅ৊ႜLjᅺُ३ณକჶഘڦಇݣࢅᆶ ۾ഘ༹ڦׂิă 0 200 400 600 800 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 2 g m -2 ) ᰦ䰤�V 1 2 �úጥ &7"὚�ú᫽྆ &7" ཮ 4 े෇ PMDFമࢫ EVAڦ TSR൸၍ 'JH���5IF�543�DVSWFT�PG�QSF�BOE�QPTU�&7"�BEEFE�XJUI�1.%' 0 200 400 600 800 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 2 g s- 1 ) ᰦ䰤/s 1 2 �úጥ &7"὚�ú᫽྆ &7" ཮ 5 े෇ PMDFമࢫ EVAڦ SPR൸၍ 'JH���5IF�413�DVSWFT�PG�QSF�BOE�QPTU�&7"�BEEFE�XJUI�1.%' 0 200 400 600 800 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 -1 ) ᰦ䰤/s 1 2 ཮ 6 े෇ PMDFമࢫ EVAڦ COׂ୲ 'JH���5IF�ZJFME�PG�$0�PG�QSF�BOE�QPTU�&7"�BEEFE�XJUI�1.%' 3 ঳ஃ ֑ᆩ૸ॏᅟڥڦᇱଙࢇׯକፆ඘व PMDFă ࢤྔ࠼೷ݴဆ՗௽LjPMDFڦ঳ࠓྺࡤଡٷݴጱă ሞ EVAዐཁे 30%ڦ PMDFࢫLjഄ OIᆯ 19.5% ሺेڟ 29.8%Ljٳڟ UL94 VĊ0पǗ඘ฏࡗײዐඤ ๥ݣĂჶഘĂCOಇݣٷٷইگLjຫ௽ PMDFܔ EVA ਏᆶডࡻڦፆ඘ၳࡕă ԟᏥ஠࿸� <�>�+6/&+"�4�$��'MBNF�SFUBSEBOU�DPNQPTJUJPO�BOE�NFUIPE�GPS� USFBUJOH�XPPE��64 ��������<1>������� <�>� +6/&+"�4�$��$VSJOH� BOE� GJYBUJPO� PG� BNJOP�SFTJO� GJSF� SFUBSEBOUT�<+>��+�'JSF�3FUBSEBOU�$IFN ���� � � ���������� <�>�(&550�)��5IF�GJSF�SFUBSEBODF�BOE�FOEVSBODF�PG�GVODUJPOBMMZ� HSBEFE�XPPE�JO�UIF�DBTF�PG�UIF�IFBU�DPNQSFTTFE�USFBUNFOU� NFUIPE�<+>��'JSF�BOE�.BUFSJBMT ����� ��� � ���������� <�>�-*�9JBP�ZVO� �8"/(�;IFOH�[IPV��'MBNF�SFUBSEBUJPO�PG�FWB� DPQPMZNFS�VTJOH�NFMBNJOF�QIPTQIBUF�BOE�QFOUBFSZUISJUPM� BT� JOUVNFTDFOU� GMBNF� SFUBSEBOUT<+>��1PMZNFS�.BUFSJBMT� 4DJFODF�BOE�&OHJOOFFSJOH ����� ��� � ���������� <�>�(JSBVE�4 �#PVSCJHPU�4 �3PDIFSZ�.��'MBNF�CFIBWJPS�PG�DPUUPO� DPBUFE�XJUI�QPMZVSFUIBOF�DPOUBJOJOH�NJDSPFODBQTVMBUFE� GMBNF�SFUBSEBOU�BHFOU�<+>��*OE��5FYUJMFT ����� ���������� <�>�9JF�'FJ �8BOH�:V�[IPOH��"�OPWFM� JOUVNFTDFOU� GJBNF� SFUBSEBOU�QPMZFUIZMFOF�TZTUFN<+>��.BDSPNPMFDVMBS�.BUFSJBMT� BOE�&OHJOOFFSJOH ����� ��� � ���������� 三聚氰胺-双氰胺甲醛树脂磷酸盐阻燃EVA的研究.indd 23三聚氰胺-双氰胺甲醛树脂磷酸盐阻燃EVA的研究.indd 23 2009/1/19 18:39:472009/1/19 18:39:47