Be动词的用法:
现在时 I am, you are, he is, we are, you are, they are (缩略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're), (否定缩略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't),
过去时 I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were (过去时否定缩略式 wasn't, weren't),
过去分词 been, 现在分词 being
1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态,例如:
They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。
2) be + 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如:
The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。
3) be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容:
a. 表示最近、未来的
或安排,例如:
He is to go to New York next week.. 他下周要去纽约。
说明: 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。
b. 表示命令,例如:
You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。
c. 征求意见,例如:
How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他?
d. 表示相约、商定,例如:
We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。
现在进行时:
构成:主语+be+动词ing〔现在分词〕形式
第一人称+am+v-ing
第二人称+are+v-ing
第三人称+is+v-ing
定义:现在进行时表示现在或当前一般时间正在进行的动作。
可以表示有计划的未来。也是一般现在时表将来。
现在进行时的基本用法:
a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you.
b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr. Green is writing another novel.
(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
c.已经确定或安排好的将来活动
I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了)
we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了)
d.有些动词(状态动词不用于进行时态)
1.表示知道或了解的动词:believe,doubt,forget,imagine,know, remember,realize,suppose,understand
2.表示“看起来”“看上去"appear,resemble,seem
3表示喜爱或不喜爱hate,like.lover.prefer
4表示构成或来源的动词 be come from.contain,include
5表示感官的动词 hear see smell sound taste
6表示拥有的动词belong to.need.own .possess.want wish
【No. 1】现在进行时的构成
现在进行时由"be+v-ing"构成。be应为助动词,初学者最容易漏掉,它应与主语的人称和数保持一致。
【No. 2】现在进行时的应用
在实际运用时,现在进行时常用以下几种情况:
(1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:
They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。
(2)以look, listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:
Listen!She is singing an English song.听,她正在唱英语歌。
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week, these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。如:
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如:
Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
【No. 3】现在进行时的变化
肯定句式:主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它.
否定句式:主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它.
一般疑问句:Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它?
对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答,它不可以用Yes或No直接作答,要根据实际情况回答。
c. 表示渐变的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
The leaves are turning red.
It's getting warmer and warmer.
d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
You are always changing your mind.
典型例
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态,应用进行时,由于没有找到,其影响仍然存在,应用完成时,瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。
e:现在进行时有时可以用来表示赞叹或厌烦的感情.例如:
He is always causing trouble.
他总是惹麻烦.
=====================================
The Present Continuous Tense 现在进行时
现在进行时最容易出现错误的地方在动词的现在分词形式,我们在复习的时候要特别注意不规则动词的变化形式。
例如:
taking,taking是take的ing形式,以e结尾要去e加ing;
swimming,beginning,putting,要双写最后一个字母,之后加ing;
buying,playing,teaching,等大部分单词直接加ing.
有一些特殊变化(或者说以Ie为结尾的重读闭音节的动词)的现在分词〔有3个〕,:lying—lie, dying ―die tying―tie 这些以ie结尾要去e再把I变y再加ing.
1.The Present Continuous Tense 现在进行时
2.现在进行时最容易出现错误的地方在动词的现在分词形式,我们在复习的时候要特别注意不规则动词的变化形式。
3.例如:
4.swimming,beginning,putting,taking,buying。
练习题
(Be动词)
一、在下面的短文中填上恰当be动词。
I ______ a girl. My name _______ Mary. I ______ in Class 2, Grade 7. I ______ 12 years old. Here ______ my family photo. Look! These ______ my parents and those _______ my grandparents. This boy ______ my brother. He ________ 15 years old now. That ______ my cat, Mimi. It ______ very lovely.
二、在下面的题目中填上恰当的Be动词。(注意Be动词的时态)
1. I ________from Australia.
2. She _______ a student.
3. Jane and Tom _________my friends.
4. My parents _______very busy every day.
5. _______ there a Chinese school in New York?
6. There _____ some glasses on it.
7. There ________many monkeys in the mountain.
8. There_________ a beautiful garden in our school.
9. I _______ at school just now.
10. He ________ at the camp last week.
11. We ________ students two years ago.
12. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
13. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
14. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
15. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
16. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
17. There _________some water in the glass.
18. There __________ some bread on the table.
19. Where ________ your friends yesterday?
20. How old __________ you last year?
21. Which dog ________ yours?
22. Ten and two ________ twelve.、
。
一、用am, is, are 填空
1) I _____ a student.
2) You ____ a doctor.
3) ____she from Jinan?
4) _____you American?
5) He _____ in Class 4, Grade 1.
6) It_____ a car.
7) They ____ cars
8) ____ your mother in China?
9) _____your friends in New York?
10) What ____her name?
11) These _____ buses.
12) Those _____oranges.
13) Where _____ her mother?
14) How old _____your teacher?
15) What class _____ you in?
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack’s sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.
14.Here ______ a scarf for you.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.
17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
...
人称代词物主代词练习题
一、用适当的人称代词填空:
1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she )
2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. ( its )
3. What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. (its)
5. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t __________. ( I )
6. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.( them )
7. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? ( them )
8. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. ______ brother lives with
____ and helps ____ with______ lessons. ( she )
9. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at Engliush . ( his )
10. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she )
11. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. ( its )
二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空
1. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of ____ ? ( you )
2. George has lost ____ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if(是否)she will lend him ____ . ( she )
3.. Jack has a dog and so have I. ____ ( he ) dog and ____ ( I ) had a fight (打架).
4. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ ( he )
5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us. ( they )
6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ . (we )
三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空
A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空
1. Your football clothes are on the desk.
Please put _________(they,them,their,theirs) away.
2. (We,Us,Our,Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green.
We all like _________(she,her,hers).
3. (I,Me,My,Mine)_________ can’t get my kite.
Could you help _________(I,me,my,mine)?
4. Tom can’t get down from the tree.
Can you help _________(he,him,his)?
6. We can’t find our bikes.
Can you help _________(we,us,our,ours)?
5. These are _________(he,him,his) planes.
The white ones are _________(I,me,mine).
B. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词
1. This isn’t________knife. _________ is green. ( she )
2. These are your books,Kate. Put __________ in the desk,please. (they )
3. _______ must look after ________ things. ( you )
4. Wei Fang,is that ________ ruler? Yes,it’s.( you )
5. They want a football. Give __________ the green one,please. ( they)
6. It’s Lin Tao’s bag. Give it to __________. ( he )
7. Is this pencil-box Li Lei’s? No,___________ is very new. ( he )
8. This box is too heavy. I can’t carry _________. ( it )
Don’t worry,Let __________( I ) help __________. ( you)
9. _____ is a boy _____ name is Mike. Mike’s friends like _____ very much. ( he )
10. My sister is in _____ room. _____ is a teacher. ( she )
11. Jane is a little girl. _____ mother is a nurse. ( she )
12. We are in _____ classroom. _____ classroom is big. ( we)
13. My father and mother are teachers. _____ are busy ( them)
14. You are a pupil. Is _____ brother a pupil, too? ( you )
四、用括号中的适当形式填空
(1)Are these ________(you)pencils?
Yes, they are ________(our).
(2)—Whose is this pencil?
—It’s ________(I).
(3)I love ________(they)very much.
(4)She is________(I)classmate.
(5)Miss Li often looks after________(she)brother.
(6)—Are these ________(they)bags ?
—No, they aren’t ________(their). They are ________(we).
五、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空:
1. Mary works in a book store. _____ likes ______work very much.
2. John and I are in the same school. ______ go to school together.
3. Everybody likes that sport, do ______?
4. She is a friend of _______ . We got to know each other two years ago.
5. Her sister makes all ______ own dresses.
6. I have many friends. Some of_______are good at English.
7. May I use ______ bike? ______is broken.
六、选择填空
1. Who’s singing over there ? — ________ is Sandy’s sister.
A. That B. It C. She D. This
2. ________ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.
A. She, you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you
3. Between you and ________, he is not a real friend.
A. me B. I C. he D. his
4. My uncle bought a new bike for ________.
A. theirs B. they C. me D. I
6. Here’s a postcard for you, Jim! — Oh, ________ is from my friend, Mary.
A. he B. it C. she D. it’s
8. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to ________.
A. he B. his C. her D. him
9. Will anyone go on a trip with him ? — Not ________.
A. I B. me C. mine D. he
10. Among those lovely toys, the brown toy dog was given by ________.
A. he B. his C. him D. he’s
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