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单倍群世界地图

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单倍群世界地图DRSUMYBOIJNBWSFPAAAMCWMIYAEVPHHAJPMCRUTUGESAITGMIBSCICNWNEKGINBUBFCNMLPYSFSNETESCYAPAMAMAMAMAMESKYPGUZKZTBUGMOYHaplogroupsofthWorldAAAustralianAboriginsALAltaiansAMAmrindsAPApach(ND)BFBurkinaFasoBOBornoBUBuryatsCNCamroonCWChippway(ND)CYChynnDRDraidianESEskimosETEthi...
单倍群世界地图
DRSUMYBOIJNBWSFPAAAMCWMIYAEVPHHAJPMCRUTUGESAITGMIBSCICNWNEKGINBUBFCNMLPYSFSNETESCYAPAMAMAMAMAMESKYPGUZKZTBUGMOYHaplogroupsofthWorldAAAustralianAboriginsALAltaiansAMAmrindsAPApach(ND)BFBurkinaFasoBOBornoBUBuryatsCNCamroonCWChippway(ND)CYChynnDRDraidianESEskimosETEthiopiaEVEnksFPFrnchPolynsiaGEGorgiaArmniaGMGrmanyHAHanChinsIBIbriaICIclandIJIrianJayaHighlandsINIndoEuropanITItalyJPJapanKGKyrgyzstanKTKazanTatarKYKoryaksKZKazakhstanMAMidastArabsMCMoroccoMIMaoriMLMaliMOMongolsMYMalaysiaNBNwBritainNENntsNWNorwgianPEPrsian(Iran)PGPapuaNwGuinaHighlandsPHPhilippinsPYPygmyRURussiaSASaamiSCScotlandSLSlkupsSFSouthAfricaSNSudanSUSumatraTBTibtTUTurkishUGUygursUZUzbkWSWstrnSamoaYAYakutsThdatainthismapissupposdtorprsntthsituationbforthrcntEuropanxpansionbginningabout1500ADInsomcasssuchassomNatiAmricantribsandthMaorithiscanbdonrliablybcausSTRtypingwasdonInothrcass,spciallyinAmrica,itisgussworkTh“Othr”sctorsinAmricaindicatthisNatiAmricangroupsarlabldbylanguaggroupasAmrind,NaDn(ND),andEskimoF,K,L,andParinsomcass“catchall”groupsbcaussomrsarchrsdidnotusnoughmarkrsforafullhaplotypdtrminationCopyright©2005JDMcDonaldHASLESALMAKTPEHOIPJQKRxR1E3bLR1aFMR1bOthrGNABCDExE3bYHaplogroupsofEuropCopyright©2005JDMcDonaldIJKE3bFGR1aR1bNQLExE3bE3bR1aR1bHOIPJQKRLFMGNABCDESimplifidTrofYChromosomHaplogroupsBibliographyforYDNABortolini,MariaCatira,tal,YChromosomEidncforDiffringAncintDmographicHistorisinthAmricas,AmJHumGnt73:524–539,2003Bosch,Elna,tal,HighllofmalbiasdScandinaianadmixturinGrnlandicInuitshownbyYchromosomalanalysis,HumGnt112:353–363,2003Caplli,Cristian,tal,APrdominantlyIndignousPatrnalHritagforthAustronsianSpakingPoplsofInsularSouthastAsiaandOcania,AmJHumGnt68:432–443,2001Cinnioglu,Cngiz,tal,ExcaatingYchromosomhaplotypstratainAnatolia,HumanGntics,114:127148,2004Cruciani,Fulio,tal,ABackMigrationfromAsiatoSubSaharanAfricaIsSupportdbyHighRsolutionAnalysisofHumanYChromosomHaplotyps,AmJHumGnt70:1197–1214,2002Faux,Daid,priatcommunicationHammr,MF,tal,JwishandMiddlEastrnnonJwishpopulationssharacommonpoolofYchromosombialllichaplotyps,ProcNatAcadSciUSA,97:67696774,2000Jobling,MarkA,andTylrSmith,Chris,ThHumanYChromosom:AnEolutionaryMarkrComsofAg,NaturRGntics,4:598612,2003Karaft,TM,tal,AncstralAsianSourc(s)ofNwWorldYChromosomFoundrHaplotyps,AmJHumGnt64:817–831,1999Karaft,Tatiana,tal,PatrnalPopulationHistoryofEastAsia:Sourcs,Pattrns,andMicroolutionaryProcsss,AmJHumGnt69:615–628,2001Kaysr,Manfrd,tal,RducdYChromosom,butNotMitochondrialDNA,DirsityinHumanPopulationsfromWstNwGuina,AmJHumGnt72:281–302,2003King,Roy,andUndrhill,PtrA,CongruntdistributionofNolithicpaintdpottrandcramicfigurinswithYchromosomlinags,Antiquity76:707714,2002Lll,JffryT,tal,ThDualOriginandSibrianAffinitisofNatiAmricanYChromosoms,AmJHumGnt70:192–206,2002Nasidz,I,tal,MitochondrialDNAandYChromosomVariationinthCaucasus,AnnHumGntics68:205221,2004Rossr,ZoëH,tal,YChromosomalDirsityinEuropIsClinalandInfluncdPrimarilybyGography,RathrthanbyLanguag,AmJHumGnt67:1526–1543,2000Tambts,Kristiina,tal,ThWstrnandEastrnRootsofthSaami—thStoryofGntic“Outlirs”ToldbyMitochondrialDNAandYChromosoms,AmJHumGnt74:661–682,2004Undrhill,PtrA,tal,Ychromosomsquncariationandthhistoryofhumanpopulations,NaturGntics,26:358361,2000Undrhill,PtrA,t,al,MaoriOrigins,YChromosomHaplotypsandImplicationsforHumanHistoryinthPacific,HumanMutation17:271280,2001Wlls,RSpncr,tal,ThEurasianHartland:AcontinntalprspctionYchromosomdirsity,ProcNatAcadSciUSA,98:10244–10249,2001Zgura,StphnL,tal,HighRsolutionSNPsandMicrosatllitHaplotypsPointtoaSinglmRcntEntryofNatiAmricansYChrmosomsintothAmricas,MolBiolEol,21:164175,2004SAKOSPMOEVYAITCHAUESNDNDAMAMAMAMAMAMINMTDNAHaplogroupsofthWorldALHAAMPOESHANIPEUZKUHZHAALAltaiansKOKomiATAboriginalKUKurdsTaiwansMAMansiAUAlutsMOMongolsAMAmrindsNDNaDnBUBuryatsNINikhsCHChukchiPAPalstin+EgyptESEskimoPEPrsians(Iran)EVEnksPOPolynsiansHAHanChinsSASaamiHTHanTaiwansSBSabah(Borno)HZHazaraSPSouthPakistanINIndiaTHThailandITItlmnTUTurksJPJapansUZUzbksKEKtsYAYakutsCopyright©2005JDMcDonaldKEBUSBAMAMTHMATUPASpcifictribsorlocationsarshownatlftUnlablldpisarforgnralpopulationintharaAfrican,Amrican,andspciallyPolynsianarasarrylargThdatainthischartissupposdtorprsntthsituationbforthrcntEuropanxpansionbginningabout1500ADAssignmntsinAustraliaarsomwhatiffyL1QFL2NHVL3IHMWVCAPZXJDYTGRUEBKOthrHAHTATJPABDFGHHVIRUVWXYZCTJKL1L2L3MNEQPSimplifidTrofMitochondrialHaplogroupsNotthatunlikthYChromosomHaplogroups,thonsforthMitochondrialDNAarnotrlatdinasimplwaytoalphabticalordrThisisdutothhistoricalnaturofthirdfinitionThNatiAmricangroupsA,B,C,andDwrputtogthralphabticallyThyar,assnabo,notcloslyrlatdinthtrM,N,andRarcalld“Suprhaplogroups”asindicatdNotthatMandNarinfactsomwhathtrognousBibliographyformtDNABamshad,Michal,tal,GnticEidnconthOriginsofIndianCastPopulations,GnomRs11:9941004,2001Brmisha,MA,tal,DirsityofMitochondrialDNAHaplogroupsinEthnicPopulationsofthVolgaUralRgion,MolcularBiology36,802812,2002,TranslatdfromMolkulyarnayaBiologiya36:9901001,2002Bolnick,DA,UnxpctdPattrnsofMitochondrialDNAVariationAmongNatiAmricansFromthSouthastrnUnitdStats,AmrJP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