小升初英语知识点归纳总结

小学英语知识点汇总 一、名词复数 1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数 I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______ child _______photo ________diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______ man______ woman_______ 二、一般现在时 1.一般现在时示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。 2.一般现在时中，没有be动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数的肯定句，动词要按规则加上s，主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句，动词用原形。 3.在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。 4.在一般现在时中，句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not (doesn’t)，一般疑问句在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非第三人称单数，否定句用do+not (don’t)，一般疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原形。 动词+s的变化规则 1.一般情况下，直接加-s， 如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es， 如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es， 如:study-studies   一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词:主语 be(am,is,are) 其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词:主语 行为动词( 其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。 如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 【No. 2】一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化。 否定句:主语 be not 其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句:Be 主语 其它。如:-Are you a student?    -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句:疑问词 一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句:主语 don't( doesn't ) 动词原形( 其它)。如:I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如:He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句:Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。如: - Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如: - Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 动词s的变化规则 1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es， 如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:study-studies   用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20. -What day _______(be) it today?  - It’s Saturday 三、现在进行时 1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:  疑问词+ be+主语+ 动词ing? 动词加ing的变化规则 1.一般情况下，直接加ing，如:cook-cooking 2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如:make-making, taste-tasting 3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如:run-running, stop-stopping   写出下列动词的现在分词: play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空: 1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson . 6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music. 9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 四、将来时理论及练习 一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、或预备做某事。 句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。 二、基本结构:①be going to do;②will do. 三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。 例如:I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、同义句:be going to = will 1.be going to 表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。 2.肯定句:be going to +动词原形， 如:Jim is going to play football.  否定句:be not going to +动词原形，如:Jim is not going to play football.  一般疑问句:把be动词调到句首，如:Is Jim going to play football?  特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形?如:What is Jim going to do?  疑问词当主语时:疑问词+be+going to+动词原形? 如:Who is going to play football? I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习:填空。 1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends. I ________ have a picnic with my friends. 2.我们将要学习英语 We _____ _______ _________ learn English. We ________ learn English. 五、一般过去时 1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。 2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化: ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t) ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t) ⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句:didn’t +动词原形，如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.  一般疑问句:在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句: ⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则: 1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.结尾是e加d，如:taste-tasted 3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，（辅+元+辅）如:stop-stopped 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat   过去时练习 写出下列动词的过去式 is\am_________ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ put ______ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ Be动词的过去时练习(1) Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________ 用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _______ at school just now. 2. He ________ at the camp last week. 3. We ________ students two years ago. 4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year. 6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening. 用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ an English teacher now. 2. She _______ happy yesterday. 3. They _______ glad to see each other last month. 行为动词的过去时练习(2) 用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go) 4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______. 8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly. (二)小升初英语词类: 动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下: 先用“一(量词)”(如:一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说，如说得通，一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和为个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。(目前我们学过的，以后可能不同)(另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道) 1、动词 这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括行为动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)、be动词、情态动词。 (1)行为动词 就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。如:sweep、live等。 行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式: 原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具体判断方法如下: ↗有，就加ing 读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看有无be动词 (若是be going to 就用原形) ↘没有，再看情态动词 ↗有，就用原形 ↗有，就加ed ↘没有，再看有无表示过去的时间状语 ↗是第三人称单数就加s或es ↘没有，再看主语 ↘不是第三人称单数就用原形 (2)be动词 a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀:我用am, 你用are, is用他她它，所有复数全用are。 b、肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long.            Her eyes are(not) small. c、一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese?        Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American?      Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat?          Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. 我们现在学过的be动词大致分两类:is、am、are为一类， 一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中，was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。 判断步骤: ↗第一、三人称单数，就用was ↗有，再看人称 ↘第二人称单数和所有复数，就用were 看有无表示过去的时间状语 ↗第一人称单数，就用am ↘没有，再看人称→第三人称单数，就有is ↘第二人称单数和所有复数，就用are 用am, is, are 填空 1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The girl______ Jack's sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. 7. How _______ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 9. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they? (3)情态动词 情态动词也是一类特殊的动词，平时我们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。 我们现在学过的情态动词有:can、must、should、would、may。接触最多的是can。 情态动词后动词总是用原形。(不受其他任何条件影响) 2、名词 表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。判断的关键词往往是be动词，be动词如果是am、is或was，名词就用原形;be动词如果是are或were，名词就加s或es。 这里强调两点:不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。 如何加后缀: a.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries  d.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如:knife-knives e.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 判断步骤: ↗如是am、is或was→原形  读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词 ↘如是are或were→加s或es 3、形容词(包括副词) 形容词表示某一事物或的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。  形容词和副词只有两种形式:原形和+er。 未作比较的情况下就用原形，比较时就+er。 两个重要特征:as……as中间一定用原形，有than的时候一定+er。 4、人称代词和物主代词  主格 you I he she it we they 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词                 第一人称 I me we us my mine our ours 第二人称 you you you you your yours your yours 第三人称 he him they them his his their theirs she her her her sit it its its 人称代词:有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。 物主代词:有两类:形容词性物主代词(短的)和名词性物主代词(长的) 一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词(短的);如无，就用名词性物主代词(长的)。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. That is not ______ kite. That kite is very small, but ______ is very big. ( I ) 2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 4. ____ is my brother. ______ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are ________. ( he ) 5、数量词 我们学过两类:基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少，而基数词用于表示次序，常在日期中出现。 6、冠词 有a、an、the。a和an有具体的意思，一(个…)，the没有具体意思，有时翻译为这、那。确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思。a和an的区别:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母aeiou)前，a用于辅音音素前。