英语字母组合发音规律
1(开音节
1)以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。 例:be,he。
2)以辅音字母(r 除外)+不发音的e结尾的音节。 例:make,like。
* 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。 2(闭音节
以一个或几个辅音字母(r 除外)结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节称为闭音节。例:map,desk,is。
* 在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。 字母a,e,i,o,u 在重读音节中的读法
字母 名称 位置 读音 举例
a 开音节 /ei/ name,take
闭音节 /,/ map,bag
e /i:/ 开音节 /i:/ be,he
闭音节 /e/ egg,best
i /ai/
开音节 /ai/ like,kite
闭音节 /i/ bit,fit
o /,u/
开音节 /,u / note,no
闭音节 /,/ dog,lot
u /ju:/
开音节 /ju:/ mute,use
闭音节 /,/ bus,cut
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中 [,] bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节 /,u / those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中/,/ clock not box shop sock u 在开音节中 /ju:/ student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中 /,/ bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]
音,例如:June blue ruler super
二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
a在[w]音后面读 /,/ want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th
读 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前读 /ai/ find child light high
o 在-st -ld前 /,u / most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前读 /,/ come monkey love mother 三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
a 读/, / China another woman breakfast
/ i/ orange comrade village cabbage
e读 /, /hundred student open weekend
chicken children
i 读/ i/ beautiful family animal
/ai/ exercise satellite
o读 /, / second tonight somebody welcome
/,u / also zero photo
u 读 /, /autumn difficult
/ju:/ popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读 [ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u ]音,例如:July influence February issue
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[,]音,也可以读作 音。
四、-r音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音
元音字母组合 读 音 例 词
ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
[,,] warm quarter towards or在[w]音后面 [,,] forty morning short
[,,] word worker worse er ir ur [,:] certainly bird Thursday 辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r
音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例
如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:
dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音
元音字母组合 读 音 例 词
are [,,] care dare hare
ere [i,] here mere
ire [ai,] fire hire wire
ore [,:] more score before
ure [ju,] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重
读音节中读[u,]音,例如:picture pleasure 重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音
字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母r读/r/音。例如:
parent zero story during inspiring 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例
如:orange very American paragraph 六、元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音
元音字母组合 读 音 例 词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play air [ε,] air hair chair pair repair al在f b t w m后读 [,] small ball talk wall all
[,:l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw , [:] autumn daughter draw ea [i:] teach easy cheap please [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great
ear [I ] hear dear near clear year [ε] bear pear wear swear
[,:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three eer [i,] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet oo [u:] broom food tooth school book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down [ou] know row throw though
[,] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [,:] course your four
[au,] our hour ours
[,:] journey
ui 在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字母组合和字群的读音
元音字母组合或字群 读 音 例 词
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读[,]音或。例
如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [,n] impression nation -sion在元音字母后 [,n] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [t,n] question suggestion -sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [u,] pleasure measure -ture [t,,] picture culture
八、元音字母组合在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字母组合仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如: everyday[ei] handbag[,] blackboard[,,] 有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如: sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 breakfast[,] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[,,] cupboard[,] 碗柜
九、辅音字母组合的读音
辅音字母组合 读 音 例 词
b [b] bike bus bag
[,,] bomb tomb
cc 在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [t,] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[,] machine
ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day -dge [d,] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast g [g] bag garden go
[d,] orange large German gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high gu gue 在非重读音节中
[g] guess league dialogue
[gw] language anguish h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [d,] jeep jar joke join July k [k] kind bike skate make week kn [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall m [m] monkey come autumn -mn [m] autumn column solemn n [n] not shine ten note n 在[k] [g] 前读 [,] uncle thank hungry -ng [,] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen ph [f] elephant photo telephone q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [ r ] red rubber ruler s在词首或清辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk s在元音字母间或浊辅音前 [z] music husband sc- [sk] scarlet scarf
[s] muscle science
sh [,] she fish shirt wash
[t] ten letter meet
[,] patient nation
tch [t,] watch
th [θ] thin thirty method
[,] the these with than
[,] clothe father weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck v [v] very voice love leave w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh [w] what when white why
[h] wh-在字母o前 who whose whole x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young z [z] puzzle zero zoo
元音组合
ai /ei/ wait paint
ay /ei/ may play day say
air /ε, / air hair chair
al /o: / tall small ball
ar /α: / farther farm car arm
ea /i:/ meat please tea read /e/ head bread ready
/i:/ theater
/i,/ ear hear near
/ ε, / bear
/ ,: / earth
ee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeep
eir / ε,/ their
er / ,: / worker teacher
/ ,: / her
ere /i, / here
/ε, / where there
ew /ju: / new few
/u: / flew grew
/ai / right high brightir
/,: / bird girl shirt thirty
oa /,u / boat coat
ong /,, / long song
oo /u/ book foot good
/u:/ moon balloon
or /, : / short fork port
/,: / word world work
oor /o: / door floor
ore /, :/ more store sore
ou / au / out house mouth hour
/, : / four your
/au / ourow/ əu / bowl window /au / now c
ow flower
oy /oi/ boy toy
ur / ə: / turn
辅音组合
th /θ/ thank mouth
/ ,/ this that with
tr /tr/ tree train truckdr /dr/ dress driver
sh /?/ shirt wash shortch /t?/ child chair catch
/ k / school Christmas
/ d,/ sandwich
tw /tw/ two twin twenty
wh /w/ white wheel what
/h/ who whose whom
ts /ts/ jackets kites
ds /dz/ birds friends
x: 这个字母跟f,l,m,n,s,z一样同属限音/e/一族,什么叫限音/e/呢,就是这些字母的读音都含有/e/,限音的意思就是这些字母在组成单词的时候,发音要去掉/e/,比如x这个字母的发音是/eks/,那么在它组合单词的时候,发间就变成了/ks/。同样的,其它几个限音
/e/一族也遵循着这个规律。(当然有时会有浊化音的产生,比如说s的读音为/es/,在单词中有时会读成/s/,有时则会浊化为/z/)。
c: 这个字母大家很熟悉,它在单词中大多发/k/和/s/两种音,在这里我要说的是,c这个字母在a,o.u的前面多发/k/,在e,i,y前多发/s/。
下面介绍一个很有用的发音组合就是:元音+辅音+不发音的e。
这个规则的意思有两点:1、当一个组合是由元音+辅音+字母e组合的时候,那么这个字母e在其中不发音。2、在这个组合中,元音字母通常都读字母的本身音。如:use,excuse等。
m: 这个字母多发两个音,由于音标是一样的,所以在这里没法对两个读音作区分,那么在这里只需记住一个单词就可以清楚的了解在什么情况下m这个字母发何种音,这个单词就是mum,很简单,m在元音前和在元音后所发的音是不一样的。
y: 这个字母号称半元音。它在组合单词的时候一共有三种发音,分别是/j/,/ai/,/i/。当y在词首的时候,它发/j/,如yes,yard,yet 等。当y存在于词中和词尾的时候又分为两种情况:1、当单词中没有元音的时候,y发/ai/,如my,fly.2、在单词中已经含有元音的时候,y
发音为 /i/,如family,sorry.
ar: 这个是比较常见的字母组合,它在单词中通常都
音为/a:/,如,car,pardon.