适合卧室放的植物.

适合卧室放的植物. 有人认为，在卧室内养花会使夜间空气混浊，含氧量降低，由此而造成的弊端会影响人的寿命，因此主张不应在卧房中养花。其实，这不过是一般的推论，既忽略了对植物生命活动过程中物质变换的量的分析，又忽略了花卉在夜间还会放出一些有益人类健康的物质的现象。原来，一切植物包括花卉在内，它们虽然在夜间有吸收氧气的呼吸作用，但是同人比较起来，是很微弱的，因花卉在呼吸时，每吸入两个氧原子，就必须从其体内用一个碳原子与其化合，才能放出一个二氧化碳分子;又因整株盆花的湿重一般不超过500克，干物质只几十克，含碳量更是有限，即使在一夜之间与氧化合成二氧化碳，充其量也不过等于燃烧几十克无烟煤所产生的二氧化碳，何况植物绝不可能在一夜间把自己体内的碳原子转化为二氧化碳呼出的。 按照科学实验推算，一盆花卉在夜间因呼吸作用消耗体内的碳仅为0(1克，那么十盆花卉放出的二氧化碳总量，也不过等于吸了一支香烟所产生的二氧化碳而已，可见因卧室内通风不良，空气混浊等现象造成的人们身心的不快，与养殖花卉是完全无关的。再说，有的花卉，如茉莉、月季、夜来香等，昼夜都能放出挥发性香精油和负离子，有清新空气的作用，使卧室内经常保持空气清洁，所含的芳香沁人肺腑，能振奋精神，消除疲劳。某些花香还能治疗诸如精神压抑、神经衰弱等慢性病。而夜来香的花香，又有驱除蚊子的作用。洋绣球、秋海棠、文竹等，在夜间除了能吸收二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氯气等有害气体外，还能分泌出杀灭细菌的气体，减少感冒、伤寒、喉头炎等传染病的发生，对人体的健康是大有好处的。 当然，在卧室内养花，应该保持盆土的清洁，肥料要深施，不施未经腐熟的有机肥，及时清除枯花败叶。这样，卧房养花实在是百利而无弊，人们大可不必担心，除了由于让植物浴雾等原因之外，晚上也不必把盆花移往室外，明乎此理，就可以放心在卧室中养殖花卉了。 最近，美国航空航天局的科学家们发现，常青的观叶植物以及绿色开花植物中，很多都有消除建筑物内有毒化学物质的作用。此次研究还发现，植物不光是靠叶子吸取物质，植物的根以及土壤里的细菌在清除有害物方面都功不可没。中国装饰协会室内环境监测中心工程师周淑琴认为，在居室内最适合放置以下二种类型的植物。 能吸收有毒化学物质的植物 芦荟、吊兰、虎尾兰、一叶兰、龟背竹是天然的清道夫，可以清除空气中的有害物质。有研究明，虎尾兰和吊兰可吸收室内80%以上的有害气体，吸收甲醛的能力超强。芦荟也是吸收甲醛的好手，可以吸收1立方米空气中所含的90%的甲醛。 常青藤、铁树、菊花、金橘、石榴、半支莲、月季花、山茶、石榴、米兰、雏菊、腊梅、万寿菊等能有效地清除二氧化硫、氯、乙醚、乙烯、一氧化碳、过氧化氮等有害物。 兰花、桂花、腊梅、花叶芋、红背桂等是天然的除尘器，其纤毛能截留并吸滞空气中的飘浮微粒及烟尘。 能杀病菌的植物 玫瑰、桂花、紫罗兰、茉莉、柠檬、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫薇等芳香花卉产生的挥发性油类具有显著的杀菌作用。 紫薇、茉莉、柠檬等植物，5分钟内就可以杀死白喉菌和痢疾菌等原生菌。蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花等植物散发的香味对结核杆菌、肺炎球菌、葡萄球菌的生长繁殖具有明显的抑制作用。 仙人掌等原产于热带干旱地区的多肉植物，其肉质茎上的气孔白天关闭，夜间打开，在吸收二氧化碳的同时，制造氧气，使室内空气中的负离子浓度增加。 虎皮兰、虎尾兰、龙舌兰以及褐毛掌、伽蓝菜、景天、落地生根、栽培凤梨等植物也能在夜间净化空气。 在家居周围栽种爬山虎、葡萄、牵牛花、紫藤、蔷薇等攀援植物，让它们顺墙或顺架攀附，形成一个绿色的凉棚，能够有效地减少阳光辐射，大大降低室内温度。 丁香、茉莉、玫瑰、紫罗兰、薄荷等植物可使人放松、精神愉快，有利于睡眠，还能提高工作效率 . 花，主要应起 美化环境的作用，既有视觉享受又能净化空气的就是好花。不同的地方其实应该摆放不同的花卉，有的花还是不适宜入屋的，否则会造成空气污染。 常见花的香气作用 蔷薇香:松弛神经、解除身心疲劳，帮助治疗神经系统疾病。 郁金香:可解除眼睛疲劳及消除烦躁。 兰花香:缓解肺热和痰咳，对有神经衰弱的人有好处，但不可过浓，否则也会产生眩晕感。 白兰花香:能起杀菌、净化空气的作用。 菊花香:能清热祛风、清肝明目，可用来作为头痛病的辅助治疗手段。 丁香:有明显的净化空气的能力，其杀菌能力很强，室内摆放丁香能在一定程度上预防传染病，但其香味浓郁，不可多闻，否则会感觉头晕。 水仙香:能让人感到宁静、温馨。 厅房巧摆花能防病„„>>>三类植物适合在室内摆放 专家指出，室内养花，应选择一些能吸收有毒气体、能净化空气或杀菌的花，有些花自身就具有防病治疗作用。例如，菊花、腊梅等有吸收硫、氟化氢等能力，百里香、丁香等分泌出的挥发油有灭病菌的作用，茉莉、米兰、桂花、紫薇、月季、玫瑰等，能散发出具有杀菌作用的挥发油，美人焦、金银花等对氟有强烈的吸收作用，等等。 病房、卧室夜晚不宜养花 很多花都有净化空气、促进健康的作用，但某些花若养在家中，反而会成为致病源，或是导致老病复发、旧病加重的“杀手”，因此专家建议，养花前必须了解花性，以防花一养，身体就出毛病。 病人室内不养盆栽花——由于花盆中的泥土会产生真菌孢子，当它们扩散到空气中后，容易侵入人的皮肤、呼吸道、外耳道、脑膜及大脑等部位，会引起感染，这对原本就患有疾病的患者来说危害很大。 卧室夜晚不宜放花——由于大多数的花都是白天通过光合作用吸收二氧化碳、释放氧气的，但到了晚上，则刚好相反。因此，在卧室内最好不要放花，白天放的花，到了夜间就移出室外，至少不要放在卧室里，避免影响人的健康。 花香过浓会伤身„„不容忽视 居室忌放的花卉 有医学专家做过实验和测试，结果经常闻花香的人，能对情绪和健康产生一定的影响。化学专家则认为，花所散发出的香味是由数十种挥发性化合物组成，含有芳香族的酯类、醇类、醛类、酮类等物质。这些物质能够刺激人们的呼吸中枢，从而促进人体的呼吸气功能，若呼吸到对人体有益的香味，则能使大脑得到充分的氧气，调节人的神经系统，促进血液循环，让精力、思维和机体活力达到极高水平，“花疗”和“香熏疗法”则是由此而发的。 专家指出，花香能治病能保健，同样也能致病能伤身，空气中花味过于浓郁，氧含量相对减少反而会刺激人们过度换气，使血液中氧含量降低，会出现头痛、头晕、恶心等症状，部分过敏体质的人，受到有些花粉的刺激，会出现过敏性哮喘，过敏性鼻炎。例如，兰花能帮助缓解热咳，也可能会起催生作用，兰花香闻得过多，使人过于兴奋而产生眩晕感;百合花香使人兴奋，但时间过长，会感到头晕，还可能让人失眠。 新房应该放能吸收有毒化学物质的植物。 芦荟、吊兰、虎尾兰、一叶兰、龟背竹,天然的清道夫。研究表明,芦荟、虎尾兰和吊兰,吸收室内有害气体甲醛的能力超强。 常青铁树、菊花、金橘、石榴、紫茉莉、半支莲、月季、山茶、米兰、雏菊、腊梅、万寿菊,可吸收家中电器、塑料制品等散发的有害气体。 玫瑰、桂花、紫罗兰、茉莉、柠檬、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫薇,这些芳香花卉产生的挥发性油类具有显著的杀菌作用。紫薇、茉莉、柠檬等植物,5分钟内就可以杀死原生菌,如白喉菌和痢疾菌等。茉莉、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花等植物散发出的香味对结核杆菌、肺炎球菌、葡萄球菌的生长繁殖具有明显的抑制作用。 虎皮兰、虎尾兰、龙舌兰以及褐毛掌、矮兰伽蓝菜、条纹伽蓝菜、肥厚景天、栽培凤梨,这些植物能在夜间净化空气。10平方米的室内,若有两盆这类植物,如凤梨,就能吸尽一个人在夜间排出的二氧化碳。 仙人掌、令箭荷花、仙人指、量天尺、昙花,这些植物能增加负离子。当室内有电视机或电脑启动的时候,负氧离子会迅速减少。而这些植物的肉质茎上的气孔白天关闭,夜间打开,在吸收二氧化碳的同时,放出氧气,使室内空气中的负离子浓度增加。 兰花、桂花、腊梅、花叶芋、红北桂,其纤毛能吸收空气中的飘浮微粒及烟尘。丁香、茉莉、玫瑰、紫罗兰、田菊、薄荷,这些植物可使人放松,有利于睡眠。 此外,过于浓艳刺目、有异味或香味过浓的植物,都不宜在室内放置。如:夹竹桃、黄花夹竹桃、洋金花(曼陀罗花)。这些花草有毒,对人体健康不利。夜来香香味对人的嗅觉有较强的刺激作用,夜晚还会排出大量废气,对人体不利。万年青茎叶含有哑棒酶和草酸钙,触及皮肤会产生奇痒,误食它,还会引起中毒。其他植物,如郁金香,含毒碱;含羞草,经常接触会引起毛发脱落;水仙花,接触花叶和花的汁液,可导致皮肤红肿。 数量应控制在3盆以内;而在品种上，最好选一些对一般在厅堂里摆放的花草， 光照要求不高的植物，如万年青、巴西铁树和中国兰类;卧室里最好不要摆设花草，如果一定要摆，可选一些仙人掌、仙人球等小巧玲珑的肉质植物作点缀。 芦荟、吊兰和虎尾兰，可清除甲醛。15平方米的居室，栽两盆虎尾兰或吊兰，就可保持空气清新，不受甲醛之害。虎尾兰，白天还可以释放出大量的氧气。吊兰，还能排放出杀菌素，杀死病菌，若房间里放有足够的吊兰，24小时之内，80%的有害物质会被杀死;吊兰还可以有效地吸收二氧化碳。 紫苑属、黄耆、含烟草和鸡冠花，这类植物能吸收大量的铀等放射性核素。 常青藤、月季、蔷薇、芦荟和万年青，可有效清除室内的三氯乙烯、硫比氢、苯、苯酚、氟化氢和乙醚等。 桉树、天门冬、大戟、仙人掌，能杀死病菌，天门冬，还可清除重金属微粒。 常春藤、无花果、蓬莱蕉和普通芦荟，不仅能对付从室外带回来的细菌和其他有害物质，甚至可以吸纳连吸尘器都难以吸到的灰尘。 龟背竹、虎尾兰和一叶兰，可吸收室内80%以上的有害气体。 柑桔、迷迭香和吊兰，可使室内空气中的细菌和微生物大为减少。 月季，能较多地吸收硫化氢、苯、苯酚、氯化氢、乙醚等有害气体。 紫藤，对二氧化硫、氯气和氟化氢的抗性较强，对铬也有一定的抗性 一、 沙漠甘泉——仙人掌 如果在你的计算机旁放置一二盆仙人掌，可以帮助人体尽量少地吸收计算机所释放出的辐射。因为仙人掌是在日照很强的地方生长，所以吸收辐射的能力特别强。 原因: 1、仙人掌(球)可抗辐射 仙人掌和多肉植物有个别称———“懒人植物”，这一类的植物栽培无须太多的呵护和照料，水培仙人球更是容易养护，由于仙人掌(球)是在日照很强的地方生长，所以抗紫外线等辐射能力特别强.水培仙人球由于清洁环保，无异味。如果在你的计算机旁放置一二盆水培仙人掌(球)，可以帮助人体尽量少地吸收计算机 所释放出的辐射。因为仙人掌(球)是在日照很强的地方生长，所以吸收辐射的能力特别强。 2、被称为夜间“氧吧”仙人球 仙人球呼吸多在晚上比较凉爽、潮湿时进行。呼吸时，吸入二氧化碳，释放出氧气。所以，在室放置金琥这样一个庞然大物，无异于增添了一个空气清新器，能净化室内空气。故又为夜间摆设室内的理想花卉。 3、吸附灰尘的高手 别小看仙人球，人家还是吸附灰尘的高手呢～在室内放置一个仙人球，特别是水培仙人球(因为水培仙人球更清洁环保)，可以起到净化环境的作用。 二、“家种吊兰，污鬼胆寒” 吊兰不仅形态似兰、四季鲜绿，而且具备强大的吸污本领。“家种吊兰，污鬼胆寒”。闽南、台湾等地的人们是这样夸赞吊兰的。 吊兰是净化室内空气最好的植物，这已经得到科学家的首肯。美国环保问专家比尔•沃维尔曾经进行过实验，他将吊兰放在一个特制的有机玻璃容器中，给予良好的光照，然后充入已污染房间的空气，过上一段时间再测量经过吊兰吸收过的空气成分，结果发现，容器内的有害气体所剩无几，其效率几乎超过空气过滤器。 实验证明，吊兰可以在24小时内将实验容器中的有害气体全部吸收净化。寝室里只要放上一盆吊兰，就可以在一天之内将室内电器、炉子、塑料制品、涂料等散发出来的一氧化碳、过氧化氮等有害气体吸收并输送到根部，再经过土壤里的微生物分解成无害物质，作为养料被吸收掉。 吊兰在自身的新陈代谢中，还能把空气中致癌的甲醛转化为糖和氨基酸等物质。并且能够分解复印机、打印机所排放的苯，还能“吞噬”尼古丁等等。因此在一间约10平方米的房间内，只要有一盆吊兰，就相当于安装了一台空气净化器，足以抵消有害气体带来的负面影响。 科学家还在类似航天飞机密封舱那样的封闭环境中放进几盆吊兰，12小时后测得舱内的一氧化碳、氧化亚氮与甲醛之类的有害气体减少了85,。西安植物园的科研人员说，近年来，挑选吊兰作为家庭盆栽植物的人越来越多，它的吸污本领已经被大多数人所认可。 三、芦荟 芦荟，为阿拉伯语allcoh演变而来，是一种民间药草。芦荟，并不稀奇，许多美容品中都含有芦荟的成分。 四、美人蕉 美人蕉 对二氧化硫有很强的吸收能力。 美人蕉科多年生宿根草本。易栽培，喜阳光充足和温暖的气候，不耐寒。对土壤要求不严，以肥沃、深厚、排水良好的沙质壤土最佳。怕涝，土壤积水易烂根。盆栽时可选矮型、大花品种。在4月下旬将美人蕉块茎埋入40厘米左右口径的盆中，栽植前盆底要先施足氮、磷结合的有机肥作基肥。生长及开花期间需追施几次复合液肥(也可施鸡粪或麻酱渣沤制的肥水)。栽后浇水不可过勤，在室内要放在阳光充足、空气流通的地方。如肥料不足或缺施磷钾肥，则植株衰弱只长茎叶，开花少或不开花，花谢之后要及时剪除花莲并追施液肥。 万年青 可有效地除去三氨乙烯的污染。 百合科多年生常绿草本。根茎粗短，节处有须根，叶基生，带状或倒披针形，顶生穗状花序，栽培品种很多，有金边、银边、斑叶万年青等。喜半阴环境，夏季 放置在蔽荫处，以免强光照射，每3月至4月可换盆一次，换盆时，剔除衰老根茎和宿存枯叶，用加入基肥的酸性栽培土栽植。上盆后要先放在遮阴处几天。浇水要做到盆土不干不浇，宁可偏干些，也不宜过湿。除夏季需保持盆土湿润外(在气候炎热时，早、晚还应向花盆四周喷水)，春、秋季节浇水不宜过勤。生长期可追施2次至3次腐熟的稀薄液肥。盆土一般园土即可栽培，但以富含腐殖质、疏松透水性好的沙质壤土最好。另有虎眼万年青、广东万年青、花叶万年青等，均可作室内盆栽。 五、龟背竹 龟背竹 夜间有很强的吸收二氧化碳的能力。 又名蓬莱蕉，天南星科多年生常绿藤本植物。还有斑叶、斜叶龟背竹等。其茎粗壮，节多似竹，茎上生有大量肉质气根。叶互生，叶片近圆形，巨大，幼叶心脏形，无穿孔。长大后在其大型的叶片上，呈龟甲形散布许多长圆形孔洞和深裂。原产南美洲，喜温暖、湿润环境，喜半阴，忌阳光直射，喜肥沃、富含腐殖质的沙壤土。盆土可用腐叶土(泥炭土)2份+园土1份+河沙1份+少量基肥混合。适生温度20?至25?，越冬温度大于8?为宜。生长期每个月可追施一次稀薄液肥(如饼肥水)，平时宁湿勿干，空气干燥时可向叶面、地面喷水。植株长大后需给予支架或沿物攀缘。繁殖以扦插为主，4、5月可剪取带有两节或三节的茎段，去掉气生根后，直立插入素沙盆中，沙外露出一节，每盆一株，置温暖半阴处，保湿，一个月可生根抽芽。 六、此外，夜间能吸收二氧化碳的植物还有仙人掌科的蟹爪兰、绯牡丹、仙人柱等，凤梨科的紫花凤梨、火炬凤梨等，龙舌兰科的酒瓶兰等。能净化空气的植物还有石榴、石竹、月季、蔷薇、雏菊、一叶兰、莎草等。室内绿化植物应合理搭配，才能更有利于我们的身体健康 甲醛超标、电磁辐射、厨房油烟、香烟灰尘、街头噪音„„伴随着现代办公、居室大量豪华装修，室内污染大大增加，令人闻“污”色变。昨天，被誉为申城“花博士”的著名园艺林学专家邬志星高级工程师在全国首次披露了60种可以减少污染、净化空气的家养花草。记者发现，这些阻击环境污染的“花草特攻队”都是市民平时买得到、买得起、易种植的普通植物。与此同时，由他主编的《净化空气的家养花草》将在明天开幕的“2005上海书展”上亮相。 家养吊兰、芦荟阻击甲醛 一盆小小的吊兰，就能对付新装修房中的头号“杀手”———甲醛。如果在室内放上一两盆吊兰，甲醛等有毒有害气体就能大大减少。 吊兰在众多吸收有毒物质的植物中，功效位居第一。一般而言，一盆吊兰能够吸收一立方米空气中96%的一氧化碳和86%的甲醛，还能分解由复印机等排放的苯，这是其他植物所不能替代的。特别是吊兰在微弱的光线下，也能进行光合作用，吸收有毒气体，尤其是吊兰喜阴，更适合室内放置。相比之下，芦荟喜阳，更适合放置在明亮的地方，才能发挥其最大功效。据测试，一盆芦荟大约能吸收一立方米空气中90%的甲醛。” 据了解，能够吸收甲醛的植物还有兰花、一叶兰、虎尾兰、大花蕙兰和龟背竹等。 花草“生病”可监测空气污染 “其实，不少花草还具有能够监测空气的作用。一旦发现家里的花草‘生病’了，罪魁祸首可能就是室内的空气。在不经意间，发现花草‘生病’，你可能也需要提防你居室内是否遭遇环境污染，是否需要做次空气测试。” 可以监测空气的花草有很多。比如:虞美人、美人蕉、萱草、杜鹃、牡丹、牵牛花、秋海棠和梅花等。像虞美人对有毒气体硫化氢反应极其敏感，如果被这类毒气体侵袭，叶子便会发焦或有斑点，可以作为理想的监测植物;而美人蕉叶子失绿变白、花果脱落时，特别要当心氯气污染;当空气中存在氟污染时，萱草的叶子尖端会变成褐红色，可利用它对环境氟污染进行监测;桃花还是监测硫化物、氯气排放的良好指示植物;而梅花还有监测甲醛的作用。 沿街房放棵柏树减少噪音 购房位置不好，不得已买进了沿街、或邻高架的商品房，每天24小时总感到阵阵噪音，汽车喇叭声、高架上车来车往„„即使花费不小的代价，安装上隔音玻璃窗，也不可能终日不开窗户„„其实，不少植物都具有吸收噪音的作用，比如:柏树、针柏就是非常好的“噪音吸收器”，如果把它摆放在房间窗口或阳台处，就能有效降低30%左右从街上传来的噪音。 常春藤、铁树可以吸收苯，有人计算过，这两种植物都能去除香烟、人造纤维中释放的80%苯。 电脑旁摆仙人掌防辐射 隔离电脑电磁波辐射，除了电脑屏幕保护器、防辐射服外，原来一盆小小的仙人掌也能够减少电磁辐射可能带来的伤害。仙人掌肉质基上的气孔在白天会关闭，夜间会打开，所以在夜间会吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气，因此有增加新鲜空气和负离子的功能。另外，对空气中的细菌也有良好的抑制作用。 “但真正要发挥花草阻击环境污染的最大作用，还涉及到花草摆放的位置，摆放位置正确了，仙人掌的阻击效力才能显现。因此，要根据每种植物的习性和净化空气的作用来决定种植什么样的植物、摆放在哪个位置最合适。”如在电视机附近，就可以放上一盆金琥,金琥是仙人掌中减少电磁辐射能力最强的。不过，像仙人掌这样带刺的植物，不能放在儿童房，以免意外受伤。 [相关链接]部分净化空气的花草 -冷水花:能净化烹饪时所散发的油烟; -腊梅:可清除空气中的汞蒸气; -水仙花:对空气中的污染物有很强的抗性; -含笑:对氯气有很强的抵抗作用; -百合:净化空气中的一氧化碳、二氧化硫。 1( 千年木 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，经常施肥 2(常春藤 常春藤能有效抵制尼古丁中的致癌物质。通过叶片上的微小气孔，常春藤能吸收有害物 质，并将之转化为无害的糖分与氨基酸。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，有规律地施肥 3(白掌 白掌是抑制人体呼出的废气如氨气和丙酮的“专家”。同时它也可以过滤空气中的苯、三 氯乙烯和甲醛。它的高蒸发速度可以防止鼻粘膜干燥，使患病的可能性大大降低。 光照条件:喜阴植物，适合温暖阴湿的环境 所需养护:保持盆土湿润并有规律地施肥，叶子需要经常喷水。 4(吊兰 被放置在浴室、窗台或者搁架这些狭小空间里的吊兰是非常引人注目的，它细长、优美的枝叶可以有效地吸收窗帘等释放出的甲醛，并充分净化空气。吊兰自然下垂的枝叶非常美观，枝繁叶茂时，它还会偶尔微微转动。而且照顾它一点也不复杂。 光照条件:中性植物 所需养护:保持盆土湿润 5(散尾葵 散尾葵每天可以蒸发一升水，是最好的天然“增湿器”。此外，它绿色的棕榈叶对二甲苯和甲醛有十分有效的净化作用。经常给植物喷水不仅可以使其保持葱绿，还能清洁叶面的气孔。光照条件:喜阳植物，需充足阳光 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，经常施肥 6(波斯顿蕨 波斯顿蕨每小时能吸收大约20微克的甲醛，因此被认为是最有效的生物“净化器”。成天与油漆、涂料打交道者，或者身边有喜好吸烟的人，应该在工作场所放至少一盆蕨类植物。 光照条件:中性植物，喜半阴环境 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，需经常喷水 7(鸭掌木 鸭掌木给吸烟家庭带来新鲜的空气。它漂亮的鸭掌形叶片可以从烟雾弥漫的空气中吸收尼古丁和其他有害物质，并通过光合作用将之转换为无害的植物自有的物质。 鸭掌木对生长环境要求不高，非常适合没有经验的种植者。如果修剪掉芽附近的嫩枝，它可以长到3米之高，并且非常漂亮和浓密。体积较大的鸭掌木需要用竹竿来加固。 光照条件:中性植物 所需养护:适量浇水，不喜欢太潮湿的土壤 8(垂叶榕 垂叶榕此类植物表现出许多优良的特性。它可以提高房间的湿度有益于我们的皮肤和呼吸。同时它还可以吸收甲醛、二甲苯及氨气并净化混浊的空气。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:充足的水分，保持盆土湿润 9(黄金葛 黄金葛可以在其他室内植物无法适应的环境里“工作”。通过类似光合作用的过程，它可以把织物、墙面和烟雾中释放的有毒物质分解为植物自有的物质。 此类植物易于照料，即使在阴暗的环境中也能长得很好，是初种者的最佳选择。 光照条件:喜阴植物 所需养护:水分适中，微量肥料 10(袖珍椰子 它是高效空气净化器。由于它能同时净化空气中的苯、三氯乙烯和甲醛，因此非常适合摆放在新装修好的居室中。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:充足的水分，保持盆土湿润 11(和果芋 可提高空气湿度，并吸收大量的甲醛和氨气。叶子越多，它过滤净化空气和保湿功能就 越强。12(银皇后 银皇后以它独特的空气净化能力著称:空气中污染物的浓度越高，它越能发挥其净化能 力～因此它非常适合通风条件不佳的阴暗房间。 这种有着灰白叶子的植物喜欢生活在恒温环境中。假如用温水浇灌，它可以生存较长时 间。13(绿箩 家用清洁洗涤剂和油烟的气味也是危害人体健康的杀手。在厨房或者洗手间的门角摆放 或者悬挂一盆绿箩之类的藤蔓植物，可以有效吸收空气内的化学物质，化解装修后残留 的气味。护理常识:不能接受强烈直射的阳光，适合于室内的温和光线。需每天浇水以 保持土壤潮湿，但不可积水滋生蚊虫。每一两个月施肥一次可使叶色更加光泽亮丽，但 应避免肥料直接接触到叶面。 14(仙人掌 电脑、电视以及各种电器的辐射向来是家居空气的一大污染源，放一盆仙人掌类植物在 这些电器附近可以吸收大量的辐射污染。 护理常识:约五至十日淋水一次，浇水时不要直接淋在果肉上。一到两个月施肥一次。 15(绿帝黄 这类植物有宽大的叶片，能有效地吸收大量二氧化碳，并释放出氧气，使空气倍觉清新。 放置一盆在客厅，从废气充斥的马路上一回到家马上就可以呼吸到净化后的新鲜空气， 是不是精神顿时为之一爽, 护理常识:喜高温高湿，因此应当常喷水保持叶片浓绿亮泽。夏季避免阳光直射。每月 两次施肥以保持叶片肥大光泽。 16(艾草 艾草是具有安神助眠功效的植物，小小一盆放在床头或者卧室的梳妆台前，点缀绿意的 同时更散发安眠的气息，让你每晚都能香甜一觉。 护理常识:保持放在通风的位置，每天浇一次水，一月施一次肥 居家保湿十种植物为宜: 居室内摆放郁郁葱葱的花草，不仅是良好的装饰品，还能有效改善局部环境的 温度、湿度、空气质量。水养植物因其清洁卫生、水分可自由蒸发，在同样环境中，比盆土栽培的植物在调节空气湿度方面具有更明显的作用。而且，若选用一些根系可以暴露在光下的植物，配上适宜的容器，植物便具有更高的观赏价值。 ?文竹 百合科天门冬属，多年生常绿草本花卉。茎细弱，枝纤细呈叶状，水平开展。花小，白色。浆果球形，黑色。果实成熟后，呈现出浓绿丛中点点红的景象，清雅可爱。植株耐阴性强，是一种很好的室内花卉。 文竹还是理想的切花衬托材料。近年来，已经成功开发出水养文竹，置于居室内更是清雅。 ?风信子 又名洋水仙，百合科风信子属，多年生草本，鳞茎球形或扁球形，外被皮旗呈紫蓝色或白色等，叶基生，叶片肥厚，带状披针形。花茎从叶茎中央抽出，总状花序，花姿娇美，五彩缤纷，艳丽夺目，清香宜人。 它性喜阳光充足和凉爽湿润的环境，既适合盆栽，也适宜水养。水养时，将其鳞茎置于水培营养液中，外形洁净，观赏性强～ ?花叶万年青 百合科植物，基生叶厚革质，倒披针形、宽披针形或宽带状，长10―40cm，宽2.5―5.5cm，顶端急尖，基部狭长，节处有须根。花茎短粗，连花序长4―8cm;顶生肉穗花序长椭圆形，花密生，无柄，淡黄色，半球形。品种丰富，有绿叶、花叶等多种类型。 它喜阴湿环境，是适应较强的观赏花卉品种，通常为盆栽观赏。但近年来，水养品种也越来越多，不仅观赏性强，而且可以有效清洁室内空气污染。 ?千年木 龙舌兰科常绿灌木。茎干圆直，叶片细长，新叶向上伸长，老叶垂悬。叶片中间呈绿色，边缘有紫红色条纹。性喜高温，也耐旱、耐阴，水养简便，外形时尚。 ?巴西木 学名香龙血树，别名巴西铁树，为百合科龙血树属植物。常绿乔木，株形整齐，茎干挺拔。叶簇生于茎顶，长40―90cm，宽6―10cm，尖稍钝，弯曲成弓形，有亮黄色或乳白色的条纹;叶缘鲜绿色，且具波浪状起伏，有光泽。 它性喜光照充足、高温、高湿的环境，亦耐阴、耐干燥，在明亮的散射光和北方居室较干燥的环境中，也能生长良好。 ?非洲菊 菊科宿根草本，花茎较大，花色丰富，四季常开。喜温暖、阳光和空气流通的环境，属半耐寒性花卉，喜肥沃疏松。 非洲菊是很好的切花品种，水养时间长，观赏性高，还是吸收甲醛的好手。 ?提醒 水养植物一般不需特殊管理。有一定体积可供根系伸展的容器都可使用，瓶口开敞的玻璃容器对保持水质和根系生长更为有利。 栽植时，应避免叶子浸入水中，以免腐烂;放置在适宜的光照条件下，很快就能生根;水少时要及时添水，以防根系干燥;水质污浊时，也要及时清洗容器。 另外，一般的水养植物应三天换一次水、施一次营养液，营养液的配比和多少要视植物大小而定。 卧室不能养什么花: (1)夹竹桃 夹竹桃的花朵散发出来的气味，闻之过久，会使人昏昏入睡，智力下降;其分泌出的乳白液体，如果接触过久，也会使人中毒。 (2)兰花 兰花所散出的香气，久闻之会令人过度兴奋而引起失眠。 (3)紫荆花 紫荆花所散发出来的花粉如与人接触过久，会诱发哮喘或使咳嗽症状加重。 (4)夜来香 夜来香在晚上能大量散发出强烈刺激嗅觉的微粒，高血压和心脏病患者容易感 到头晕目眩，郁闷不适，甚至会使病情加重。 (5)郁金香 郁金香的花朵含有一种毒碱，如果与它接触过久，会加快毛发脱落。 (6)松柏类 松柏类的花木所散发出来的芳香气味对人体的肠胃有刺激作用，如闻之过久，不仅会影响人们的食欲，而且会使孕妇感到心烦意乱，恶心欲吐，头晕目眩。 (7)洋绣球花 洋绣球花所散发出来的微粒，如果与人接触，会使某些人皮肤过敏，发生瘙痒症。 (8)黄花杜鹃 黄花杜鹃的花朵散发一种毒素，一旦误食，轻者会引起中毒，重者会引起休克，严重危害身体健康。 (9)百合花 百合花所散发出来的香味如闻之过久，会使人的中枢神经过度兴奋而引起失眠。 能驱除新房污染的植物: 千年木 以它富有魅力的外形，与对办公室昏暗干燥环境的适应能力受到室内设计 师的喜爱。只要对它稍加关心，它就能长时间生长，并带来优质的空气。在抑制有害物质方面其他植物很难与千年木相提并论。叶片与根部能吸收二甲苯、甲苯、三氯乙烯、苯和甲醛，并将其分解为无毒物质。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处。 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，经常施肥。 可以去除:甲苯、二甲苯、甲醛。 常春藤 能有效抵制尼古丁中的致癌物质。通过叶片上的微小气孔，常春藤能吸收有害物质，并将之转化为无害的糖份与氨基酸。常春藤最美丽之处在于它长长的枝叶，只要将枝叶进行巧妙放置就是一次"眼睛盛宴"。色彩丰富的常春藤尤其喜欢在阳光下展示它们的颜色。 光照条件:中性植物适合种植在半荫处。 所需养护:保持盆土湿润有规律的施肥。 可以去除:甲醛尼古丁“常春藤能有效吸收吸烟产生的烟雾，消除苯污染。”一平方米植物叶片面积在24小时光照下净化甲醛和苯分别是1.48毫克和0.91毫克。 白掌 是抑制人体呼出的废气如氨气和丙酮的"专家"。同时它也可以过滤空气中的三氯乙烯和甲醛。它的高蒸发速度可以防止鼻粘膜干燥，使患病的可能性大大降低。这种原产于委内瑞拉热带雨林的美丽室内植物，无疑是一项医药生物上的奇 迹。 光照条件:喜阴植物适合温暖阴湿的环境。 所需养护:保持盆土湿润并有规律的施肥叶子需要经常喷水。 可以去除:氨气，丙酮，三氯乙烯，甲醛。 吊兰 自然下垂的枝叶非常美观，枝繁叶茂时，它还会偶尔微微转动。而且照顾它一点也不复杂。被放置在浴室、窗台或者搁架这些狭小的空间里的吊兰是非常引人注目的，它细长、优美的枝叶可以有效地吸收窗帘甚至卫生绵纸释放出的甲醛，并充分净化空气。 光照条件:中性植物。 所需养护:保持盆土湿润。 可以去除:甲醛“吊兰可以使你的居室(比如浴室)空气清新。” 鸭掌木 鸭掌木给吸烟家庭带来新鲜的空气。它漂亮的鸭掌形叶片可以从烟雾弥漫的空气中吸收尼古丁和其他有害物质，并通过光合作用将之转换为无害的植物自有的物质。 另外，它每小时能把甲醛浓度降低大约9毫克。鸭掌木对生长环境要求不高， 非常适合没有经验的种植者。如果修剪掉芽附近的嫩枝，它可以长到3米之高，并且非常漂亮和浓密。体积较大的鸭掌木需要用竹竿来加固。 光照条件:中性植物。 所需养护:适量浇水不喜欢太潮湿的土壤。 可以去除:尼古丁“鸭掌木能把吸烟产生的烟雾转化为新鲜空气。” 绿宝石 你是否清楚塑料袋和卫生绵纸都含有甲醛吗,绿宝石通过它那微张的叶子每小时可吸收4-6微克有害物质，并将之转化为对人身体无害的营养物质。绿宝石也因为其具装饰性而广受喜爱，把它种在吊盆中作为居室隔断也一样合适。但是大多数人喜欢它仅仅是因为它心形的叶子。 光照条件:喜阴植物。 所需养护:保持盆土湿润。 可以去除:甲醛。 垂叶榕 此类植物表现出许多优良的特性。它可以提高房间的湿度有益于我们的皮肤和呼吸。同时它还可以吸收甲醛、二甲苯及氨气并净化混浊的空气。 此外，垂叶榕的小型叶片使它们成为房间里的漂亮装饰，它经常被室内设计师用来营造欢快的氛围。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处。 所需养护:充足的水分，保持盆土湿润。 可以去除:甲醛甲苯二甲苯氨气“垂叶榕是十分有效的空气净化器。” 黄金葛 可以在其他室内植物无法适应的环境里"工作"。通过类似光合作用的过程，它可以把织物、墙面和烟雾中释放的有毒物质分解为植物自有的物质。黄金葛漂亮的心形叶子具有独特的装饰性，尤其当它垂于吊盆外时。 此类植物易于照料，即使在阴暗的环境中也能长得很好，是初种者的最佳选择。 光照条件:喜阴植物。 所需养护:水分适中，微量肥料。 可以去除:甲醛苯一氧化碳尼古丁。 水养植物有两大类。一类是水生花卉，它们在自然界中就生长在水里，如我们熟悉的荷花、睡莲等;另一类是可以水培的花卉，一般情况下，它们生长在土壤或者栽培基质中，如富贵竹、风信子等。由于居室内光线不够充足，更适宜栽培后一类。 另外，它们对养分要求低，基本能在自来水中生长，有些也只需要添加少量营养液。以下为您介绍的十种植物，非常适宜于居家养植。 ?富贵竹 百合科龙血树属常绿直立灌木，很适用于室内水养花卉。 富贵竹的叶片翠绿，茎秆笔直，圆形似竹，叶柄基部抱茎。它属极耐阴植物，在弱光照的条件下仍生长良好，挺拔强壮。可以长期摆放在室内观叶，不需要特别养护，只要有足够的水分就能旺盛生长。 水培时，将富贵竹茎秆切成20cm以上的小段作为插穗插在水中，只要插穗的1/3能浸在水中就可生根成活。 ?吊兰 百合科多年生常绿宿根草本花卉，叶丛生，线形，边缘或中间有纵的黄白色条纹。夏秋之际，从叶间抽出细长柔韧下垂的匍匐枝，顶端或节上萌发嫩叶和气生根，开白花。 吊兰可在室内水养，不仅能净化空气，而且外形美观、管理简便。将盆栽吊兰挖出，去根部泥土，剪去老根、烂根，留下须根，放入容器瓶内后，将瓶里装入清水和花卉营养液，让吊兰根部浸于水中生长即可。 ?绿萝 天南星科喜林芋属植物，属于攀藤观叶花卉。性喜温暖、潮湿环境，藤长可达数米，节间有气根，叶片会越长越大，叶互生、常绿。 此类植物水养很简单，保证2―3天换一次水，配以简单的营养素。绿萝具有很高观赏价值，蔓茎自然下垂，既能净化空气，又充分利用了空间，为呆板的柜面增加活泼的线条、明快的色彩。 ?常春藤 五加科常春藤属多年生常绿藤本观叶植物，是最理想的室内外垂直绿化品种，枝蔓细弱柔软，能攀缘在其他物体上。叶互生，叶片三角状卵形，盆栽需要量日渐增多。 它是典型的阴性植物，能生长在全光照的环境中，在温暖湿润的气候条件下生长良好，不耐寒。水养简单，生命力强。 能吸收有毒化学物质的植物 芦荟、吊兰、虎尾兰、一叶兰、龟背竹是天然的清道夫，可以清除空气中的有害物质。有研究表明，虎尾兰和吊兰可吸收室内80%以上的有害气体，吸收甲醛的能力超强。芦荟也是吸收甲醛的好手，可以吸收1立方米空气中所含的90%的甲醛。 常青藤、铁树、菊花、金橘、石榴、半支莲、月季花、山茶、石榴、米兰、雏菊、腊梅、万寿菊等能有效地清除二氧化硫、氯、乙醚、乙烯、一氧化碳、过氧化氮等有害物。 兰花、桂花、腊梅、花叶芋、红背桂等是天然的除尘器，其纤毛能截留并吸滞空气中的飘浮微粒及烟尘。 能杀病菌的植物 玫瑰、桂花、紫罗兰、茉莉、柠檬、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫薇等芳香花卉产生的挥发性油类具有显著的杀菌作用。 紫薇、茉莉、柠檬等植物，5分钟内就可以杀死白喉菌和痢疾菌等原生菌。蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花等植物散发的香味对结核杆菌、肺炎球菌、葡萄球菌的生长繁殖具有明显的抑制作用。 仙人掌等原产于热带干旱地区的多肉植物，其肉质茎上的气孔白天关闭，夜间打开，在吸收二氧化碳的同时，制造氧气，使室内空气中的负离子浓度增加。 虎皮兰、虎尾兰、龙舌兰以及褐毛掌、伽蓝菜、景天、落地生根、栽培凤梨等植物也能在夜间净化空气。 在家居周围栽种爬山虎、葡萄、牵牛花、紫藤、蔷薇等攀援植物，让它们顺墙或顺架攀附，形成一个绿色的凉棚，能够有效地减少阳光辐射，大大降低室内温度。 丁香、茉莉、玫瑰、紫罗兰、薄荷等植物可使人放松、精神愉快，有利于睡眠，还能提高工作效率 卧室放什么植物 2007-05-28 15:47 现在，越来越多的人们喜欢在家里放上几盆植物，任何昂贵的家具与鲜活的植物相比，都会黯然失色。 除了看上去赏心悦目之外，在家里摆放植物还能净化室内空气。但众所周知的是，绿色植物在白天放出氧气、吸入二氧化碳等气体，到了晚上则是吸入氧气，排放二氧化碳，如此这般是否会在某种程度上又造成污染,于是乎，在室内放不放植物,放什么,放多少,都是值得我们关注的话题。 ?放不放, 绿色植物对有害物质吸收能力之强，令人吃惊。 在居室中，每10平方米放置一两盆花草，基本上就可达到清除污染的效果。 至于夜间植物呼吸作用旺盛，并放出二氧化碳，我们可以想办法规避，比如在有人睡觉的房间，可以少放一些植物，对不同功能的房间，选择不同净化功能的植物等等。 ?放什么, 据测试，以下几种植物对空气的净化作用明显，它们分别是常春藤、绿萝、元宝树(肉桂)、发财树、非洲茉莉、黄金葛、孔雀竹芋、散尾葵等等。 其中，在24小时中，每平方米的常春藤叶面能够吸收更多的甲醛(1.48毫克)，而每平方米黄金葛叶面对氨的吸收作用明显(4.11毫克)，其他各种植物对装 修中可能产生的有害物质特别是甲醛、苯、氨等，都有一定的吸收、净化作用。 除了上述植物以外，还有芦荟、吊兰和虎尾兰等多种植物适合在室内摆放。 许多适于室内种植的花草还可排放出植物杀菌素，杀死对人体有害的微生物，如盆栽柑桔、香桃木、天门冬、大戟、仙人掌等。而常春藤、无花果和芦荟不仅能对付细菌，还可以吸收一定的灰尘。 ?放多少, 由于夜间植物呼吸作用旺盛，放出二氧化碳，因此卧室内不宜放过多的植物;卫生间、书房、客厅、厨房的装修材料不同，污染物质也不同，可以选择不同数量、不同净化功能的植物。 要根据房间面积的大小选择植物，植物净化室内环境与植物的叶面表面积有直接关系，影响净化的效果。一般来说，在房间内，每10平方米面积放1至2盆花草，就可达到清除污染的效果。摆放植物还要与居室风格相吻合。 但是植物不是万能的，并不是在居室内放上一些植物就可以高枕无忧了。家中摆放植物只是缓解污染的途径之一。虽然这些绿色植物可以净化空气，但是新装修的房间内，有害气体在一段时间内仍会不断散发，植物在吸收有害气体的同时，处于室内的人也在同时吸入，所以建议新装修的房子还是不要急于入住。一旦入住后，也一定要注意多开窗透气。 ?购买建议 在购买之前，收集关于哪些植物吸收何种污染的资料，并根据不同房间的功能，定出购买。购买时，要跟商家讨教养护的经验，包括浇水频率、喜阴喜阳、施肥等方面。花卉市场的植物摆放主要分为大株(落地摆放)、盆栽、悬挂三种，在购买之前，建议大家结合自己家里的实际情况，确定好各房间的植物摆放形式、位置和数量。 卧室最好别摆放植物 2007年12月03日 星期一 11:33 秋冬时节，在室内适当摆些花卉，既可增添温馨气氛，又有益于身心健康。但是，许多人错误地以为花儿多多益善，不加选择，盲目摆放，将斗室弄得花枝招展，却没承想美丽的花儿对人体健康也会构成危害。 绿色植物在新陈代谢过程的同时，要进行光合作用和呼吸作用，光合作用必须在一定的光照强度下进行，相当于250,1000瓦的白炽灯对于1米距离表面的光照强度。当光照不足时，植物主要进行呼吸作用而不是光合作用，植物不停地吸入氧气，放出二氧化碳，如果室内花开过多，就会增加室内二氧化碳的浓度，特别是到了夜间，植物的呼吸作用十分旺盛，再加上室内空气不流通，二氧化碳浓度较高，日久天长会影响身体。 卧室摆放过多的植物不利人的夜间睡眠，其原因就是夜间植物放出二 氧化碳，形成与人共争有限氧气的局面，氧气减少，自然影响睡眠。 家里养花也很有讲究。室内摆放的花卉宜选能够吸收有害气体的植物品种，如吊兰、菊花、石榴、兰花、一串红等。仙人掌科、一品红等不能摆放室内，还有一些花卉不宜在室内摆放，应引起警觉: 1.带有某种异味或浓烈香味的花卉。如松柏类，会分泌脂类物质，会放出较浓的松香油味，久闻会导致食欲下降和恶心;夜来香、郁金香之美香味浓烈，长时间在这种气味中，令人难以忍受;水仙和玫瑰之类的名花，芳香袭人，时间一长，特别是在睡眠时呼吸这些花香，也会令人难受。 2.会使人产生过敏反应的花卉。如月季、玉丁香、五色梅、浮绣球、天竺葵、紫荆花等均有致敏性，如碰触抚摸它们往往会引起皮肤过敏，重则出现红疹奇痒难忍。 3.带有毒素的花卉如仙人掌科、含羞草、一品红、夹竹桃、黄杜鹃和状元红等绝对不能在室内摆放。 民间称万年青为“哑棒”，并有“花好看，毒难挨”的口头禅，经植物学家测定，它含有一些有毒的酶(俗称哑磅酶)。其茎叶汁液触及皮肤，有强烈的刺激性，若婴儿误咬一口，会引起咽喉水肿，甚至使声带麻痹失音。 另外，铁海棠、红背桂花、变叶木、火殃勒、金果揽等一些具有观赏性的花卉，均含有促癌物质，会诱发鼻咽癌和食管癌，绝对不能摆放在室内。 能吸收有毒化学物质的植物 芦荟、吊兰、虎尾兰、一叶兰、龟背竹是天然的清道夫，可以清除空气中的有害物质。有研究表明，虎尾兰和吊兰可以吸收室内80%以上的有害气体，吸收甲醛的能力超强，芦荟也是吸收甲醛的好手，可以吸收1立方米空气中所含的90%的甲醛。 常青藤、铁树、菊花、金桔、石榴、半支莲、月季花、山茶、米兰、雏菊、腊梅、万寿菊等能效地清除二氧化硫、氯、乙醚、乙烯、一氧化碳、过氧化氮等有害物。 兰花、桂花、腊梅、花叶芋、红背桂等是天然的除尘器，其纤毛能截留并吸纳空气中的飘浮微粒及烟尘。 能杀病菌的植物 玫瑰、桂花、紫罗兰、茉莉、柠檬、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫薇等芳香花卉产生的挥发性油类具有显著的杀菌作用。 紫薇、茉莉、柠檬等植物，5分钟就可以杀死白喉菌和痢疾菌等原生菌。蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花等植物散发的香味对结核杆菌、肺炎球菌、葡萄球菌的生长繁殖具有明显的抑制作用。 仙人掌等原产于热带干旱地区的多肉植物，其肉质茎上的气孔白天关闭、夜间打开，在吸收二氧化碳的同时，制造氧气，使室内空气中的负离子浓度增加。 虎皮兰、虎尾兰、龙舌兰以及褐毛掌、伽蓝菜、景天、落地生根、栽培凤梨等植物也能在夜间净化空气。 在家居周围栽种爬山虎、葡萄、牵牛花、紫藤、蔷薇等植物，让它们顺墙或顺架攀附，形成一个绿色的凉棚，能够有效地减少阳光辐射，大大降低室内温度 丁香、茉莉、玫瑰、紫罗兰、薄荷等植物可以使人放松、精神愉快，有利于睡眼，还能提高工作效率。 斑马万年青(晚间释放氧气,适合放在卧室的绿色植物) 绿色植物对有害物质吸收能力之强，令人吃惊。 在居室中，每10平方米放置一两盆花草，基本上就可达到清除污染的效果。 至于夜间植物呼吸作用旺盛，并放出二氧化碳，我们可以想办法规避，比如在有人睡觉的房间，可以少放一些植物，对不同功能的房间，选择不同净化功能的植物等等。 ?放什么, 据测试，以下几种植物对空气的净化作用明显，它们分别是常春藤、绿萝、元宝树(肉桂)、发财树、非洲茉莉、黄金葛、孔雀竹芋、散尾葵等等。 其中，在24小时中，每平方米的常春藤叶面能够吸收更多的甲醛(1.48毫克)，而每平方米黄金葛叶面对氨的吸收作用明显(4.11毫克)，其他各种植物对装修中可能产生的有害物质特别是甲醛、苯、氨等，都有一定的吸收、净化作用。 除了上述植物以外，还有芦荟、吊兰和虎尾兰等多种植物适合在室内摆放。 许多适于室内种植的花草还可排放出植物杀菌素，杀死对人体有害的微生物，如盆栽柑桔、香桃木、天门冬、大戟、仙人掌等。而常春藤、无花果和芦荟不仅能对付细菌，还可以吸收一定的灰尘。 ?放多少, 由于夜间植物呼吸作用旺盛，放出二氧化碳，因此卧室内不宜放过多的植物;卫生间、书房、客厅、厨房的装修材料不同，污染物质也不同，可以选择不同数量、不同净化功能的植物。 要根据房间面积的大小选择植物，植物净化室内环境与植物的叶面表面积有直接关系，影响净化的效果。一般来说，在房间内，每10平方米面积放1至2盆花草，就可达到清除污染的效果。摆放植物还要与居室风格相吻合。 但是植物不是万能的，并不是在居室内放上一些植物就可以高枕无忧了。家中摆放植物只是缓解污染的途径之一。虽然这些绿色植物可以净化空气，但是新装修的房间内，有害气体在一段时间内仍会不断散发，植物在吸收有害气体的同时，处于室内的人也在同时吸入，所以建议新装修的房子还是不要急于入住。一旦入住后，也一定要注意多开窗透气。 ?购买建议 在购买之前，收集关于哪些植物吸收何种污染的资料，并根据不同房间的功能，定出购买清单。购买时，要跟商家讨教养护的经验，包括浇水频率、喜阴喜阳、施肥等方面。花卉市场的植物摆放主要分为大株(落 地摆放)、盆栽、悬挂三种，在购买之前，建议大家结合自己家里的实际情况，确定好各房间的植物摆放形 式、位置和数量。 1( 千年木 只要对它稍加关心，它就能长时间生长，并带来优质的空气。在抑制有害物质方面其他植物很难与千年木相提并论。叶片与根部能吸收二甲苯、甲苯、三氯乙烯、苯和甲醛，并将其分解为无毒物质。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，经常施肥 可以去除:甲苯、二甲苯、苯、三氯乙烯、甲醛 2(常春藤 常春藤能有效抵制尼古丁中的致癌物质。通过叶片上的微小气孔，常春藤能吸收有害物质，并将之转化为无害的糖分与氨基酸。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，有规律地施肥 可以去除:甲醛，尼古丁 3(白掌 白掌是抑制人体呼出的废气如氨气和丙酮的“专家”。同时它也可以过滤空气中的苯、三氯乙烯和甲醛。它的高蒸发速度可以防止鼻粘膜干燥，使患病的可能性大大降低。 光照条件:喜阴植物，适合温暖阴湿的环境 所需养护:保持盆土湿润并有规律地施肥，叶子需要经常喷水。 可以去除:氨气，丙酮，苯，三氯乙烯，甲醛 4(吊兰 被放置在浴室、窗台或者搁架这些狭小空间里的吊兰是非常引人注目的，它细长、优美 的枝叶可以有效地吸收窗帘等释放出的甲醛，并充分净化空气。吊兰自然下垂的枝叶非常美观，枝繁叶茂时，它还会偶尔微微转动。而且照顾它一点也不复杂。 光照条件:中性植物 所需养护:保持盆土湿润 可以去除:甲醛 5(散尾葵 散尾葵每天可以蒸发一升水，是最好的天然“增湿器”。此外，它绿色的棕榈叶对二甲苯和甲醛有十分有效的净化作用。经常给植物喷水不仅可以使其保持葱绿，还能清洁叶面的气孔。 光照条件:喜阳植物，需充足阳光 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，经常施肥 可以去除:二甲苯、甲苯、甲醛 6(波斯顿蕨 波斯顿蕨每小时能吸收大约20微克的甲醛，因此被认为是最有效的生物“净化器”。成天与油漆、涂料打交道者，或者身边有喜好吸烟的人，应该在工作场所放至少一盆蕨类植物。 光照条件:中性植物，喜半阴环境 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，需经常喷水 可以去除:二甲苯、甲苯、甲醛 7(鸭掌木 鸭掌木给吸烟家庭带来新鲜的空气。它漂亮的鸭掌形叶片可以从烟雾弥漫的空气中吸收尼古丁和其他有害物质，并通过光合作用将之转换为无害的植物自有的物质。 鸭掌木对生长环境要求不高，非常适合没有经验的种植者。如果修剪掉芽附近的嫩枝，它可以长到3米之高，并且非常漂亮和浓密。体积较大的鸭掌木需要用竹竿来加固。 光照条件:中性植物 所需养护:适量浇水，不喜欢太潮湿的土壤 可以去除:尼古丁 8(垂叶榕 垂叶榕此类植物表现出许多优良的特性。它可以提高房间的湿度有益于我们的皮肤和呼吸。同时它还可以吸收甲醛、二甲苯及氨气并净化混浊的空气。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:充足的水分，保持盆土湿润 可以去除:甲醛、甲苯、二甲苯、氨气 9(黄金葛 黄金葛可以在其他室内植物无法适应的环境里“工作”。通过类似光合作用的过程，它可以把织物、墙面和烟雾中释放的有毒物质分解为植物自有的物质。 此类植物易于照料，即使在阴暗的环境中也能长得很好，是初种者的最佳选择。 光照条件:喜阴植物 所需养护:水分适中，微量肥料 可以去除:甲醛、苯、一氧化碳、尼古丁 10(袖珍椰子 它是高效空气净化器。由于它能同时净化空气中的苯、三氯乙烯和甲醛，因此非常适合摆放在新装修好的居室中。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:充足的水分，保持盆土湿润 可以去除:苯、三氯乙烯、甲醛 11(和果芋 可提高空气湿度，并吸收大量的甲醛和氨气。叶子越多，它过滤净化空气和保湿功能就越强。 12(银皇后 银皇后以它独特的空气净化能力著称:空气中污染物的浓度越高，它越能发挥其净化能力～因此它非常适合通风条件不佳的阴暗房间。 这种有着灰白叶子的植物喜欢生活在恒温环境中。假如用温水浇灌，它可以生存较长时间。 13(绿箩 家用清洁洗涤剂和油烟的气味也是危害人体健康的杀手。在厨房或者洗手间的门角摆放或者悬挂一盆绿箩之类的藤蔓植物，可以有效吸收空气内的化学物质，化解装修后残留的气味。 护理常识:不能接受强烈直射的阳光，适合于室内的温和光线。需每天浇水以保持土壤潮湿，但不可积水滋生蚊虫。每一两个月施肥一次可使叶色更加光泽亮丽，但应避免肥料直接接触到叶面。 14(仙人掌 电脑、电视以及各种电器的辐射向来是家居空气的一大污染源，放一盆仙人掌类植物在这些电器附近可以吸收大量的辐射污染。 护理常识:约五至十日淋水一次，浇水时不要直接淋在果肉上。一到两个月施肥一次。 15(绿帝黄 这类植物有宽大的叶片，能有效地吸收大量二氧化碳，并释放出氧气，使空气倍觉清新。放置一盆在客厅，从废气充斥的马路上一回到家马上就可以呼吸到净化后的新鲜空气，是不是精神顿时为之一爽, 护理常识:喜高温高湿，因此应当常喷水保持叶片浓绿亮泽。夏季避免阳光直射。每月 两次施肥以保持叶片肥大光泽。 16(艾草 艾草是具有安神助眠功效的植物，小小一盆放在床头或者卧室的梳妆台前，点缀绿意的 同时更散发安眠的气息，让你每晚都能香甜一觉。 护理常识:保持放在通风的位置，每天浇一次水，一月施一次肥。 千年木 只要对它稍加关心，它就能长时间生长，并带来优质的空气。在抑制有害物质方面其他植物很难与千年木相提并论。叶片与根部能吸收二甲苯、甲苯、三氯乙烯、苯和甲醛，并将其分解为无毒物质。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，经常施肥 可以去除:甲苯、二甲苯、苯、三氯乙烯、甲醛 2(常春藤 常春藤能有效抵制尼古丁中的致癌物质。通过叶片上的微小气孔，常春藤能吸收有害物质，并将之转化为无害的糖分与氨基酸。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，有规律地施肥 可以去除:甲醛，尼古丁 3(白掌 白掌是抑制人体呼出的废气如氨气和丙酮的“专家”。同时它也可以过滤空气中的苯、三氯乙烯和甲醛。它的高蒸发速度可以防止鼻粘膜干燥，使患病的可能性大大降低。 光照条件:喜阴植物，适合温暖阴湿的环境 所需养护:保持盆土湿润并有规律地施肥，叶子需要经常喷水。 可以去除:氨气，丙酮，苯，三氯乙烯，甲醛 4(吊兰 被放置在浴室、窗台或者搁架这些狭小空间里的吊兰是非常引人注目的，它细长、优美的枝叶可以有效地吸收窗帘等释放出的甲醛，并充分净化空气。吊兰自然下垂的枝叶非常美观，枝繁叶茂时，它还会偶尔微微转动。而且照顾它一点也不复杂。 光照条件:中性植物 所需养护:保持盆土湿润 可以去除:甲醛 5(散尾葵 散尾葵每天可以蒸发一升水，是最好的天然“增湿器”。此外，它绿色的棕榈叶对二甲苯和甲醛有十分有效的净化作用。经常给植物喷水不仅可以使其保持葱绿，还能清洁叶面的气孔。 光照条件:喜阳植物，需充足阳光 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，经常施肥 可以去除:二甲苯、甲苯、甲醛 6(波斯顿蕨 波斯顿蕨每小时能吸收大约20微克的甲醛，因此被认为是最有效的生物“净化器”。成天与油漆、涂料打交道者，或者身边有喜好吸烟的人，应该在工作场所放至少一盆蕨类植物。 光照条件:中性植物，喜半阴环境 所需养护:保持盆土湿润，需经常喷水 可以去除:二甲苯、甲苯、甲醛 7(鸭掌木 鸭掌木给吸烟家庭带来新鲜的空气。它漂亮的鸭掌形叶片可以从烟雾弥漫的空气中吸收尼古丁和其他有害物质，并通过光合作用将之转换为无害的植物自有的物质。 鸭掌木对生长环境要求不高，非常适合没有经验的种植者。如果修剪掉芽附近的嫩枝，它可以长到3米之高，并且非常漂亮和浓密。体积较大的鸭掌木需要用竹竿来加固。 光照条件:中性植物 所需养护:适量浇水，不喜欢太潮湿的土壤 可以去除:尼古丁 8(垂叶榕 垂叶榕此类植物表现出许多优良的特性。它可以提高房间的湿度有益于我们的皮肤和呼吸。同时它还可以吸收甲醛、二甲苯及氨气并净化混浊的空气。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:充足的水分，保持盆土湿润 可以去除:甲醛、甲苯、二甲苯、氨气 9(黄金葛 黄金葛可以在其他室内植物无法适应的环境里“工作”。通过类似光合作用的过程，它可以把织物、墙面和烟雾中释放的有毒物质分解为植物自有的物质。 此类植物易于照料，即使在阴暗的环境中也能长得很好，是初种者的最佳选择。 光照条件:喜阴植物 所需养护:水分适中，微量肥料 可以去除:甲醛、苯、一氧化碳、尼古丁 10(袖珍椰子 它是高效空气净化器。由于它能同时净化空气中的苯、三氯乙烯和甲醛，因此非常适合摆放在新装修好的居室中。 光照条件:中性植物，适合种植在半荫处 所需养护:充足的水分，保持盆土湿润 可以去除:苯、三氯乙烯、甲醛 11(和果芋 可提高空气湿度，并吸收大量的甲醛和氨气。叶子越多，它过滤净化空气和保湿功能就越强。 12(银皇后 银皇后以它独特的空气净化能力著称:空气中污染物的浓度越高，它越能发挥其净化能力～因此它非常适合通风条件不佳的阴暗房间。 这种有着灰白叶子的植物喜欢生活在恒温环境中。假如用温水浇灌，它可以生存较长时间。 13(绿箩 家用清洁洗涤剂和油烟的气味也是危害人体健康的杀手。在厨房或者洗手间的门角摆放或者悬挂一盆绿箩之类的藤蔓植物，可以有效吸收空气内的化学物质，化解装修后残留的气味。 护理常识:不能接受强烈直射的阳光，适合于室内的温和光线。需每天浇水以保持土壤潮湿，但不可积水滋生蚊虫。每一两个月施肥一次可使叶色更加光泽亮丽，但应避免肥料直接接触到叶面。 14(仙人掌 电脑、电视以及各种电器的辐射向来是家居空气的一大污染源，放一盆仙人掌类植物在这些电器附近可以吸收大量的辐射污染。 护理常识:约五至十日淋水一次，浇水时不要直接淋在果肉上。一到两个月施肥一次。 15(绿帝黄 这类植物有宽大的叶片，能有效地吸收大量二氧化碳，并释放出氧气，使空气倍觉清新。放置一盆在客厅，从废气充斥的马路上一回到家马上就可以呼吸到净化后的新鲜空气，是不是精神顿时为之一爽, 护理常识:喜高温高湿，因此应当常喷水保持叶片浓绿亮泽。夏季避免阳光直射。每月两次施肥以保持叶片肥大光泽。 16(艾草 艾草是具有安神助眠功效的植物，小小一盆放在床头或者卧室的梳妆台前，点缀绿意的同时更散发安眠的气息，让你每晚都能香甜一觉。 护理常识:保持放在通风的位置，每天浇一次水，一月施一次肥。 简介:万年青 天南星科，常绿多年生直立草本植物。原产于亚洲热带和亚热带林下沟谷中，环境阴暗潮湿。我国广东、广西、云南和福建有野生分布。盆栽时高50-60厘米，野生可达1米。成丛盆栽，株形丰满、浓密，整体观赏效果好，庄重。适应阴暗和冷凉的环境。常见品种有:“广东万年青”，叶片浓绿;“银帝万年青”，叶片银灰色，上面有银白色花纹;“银后万年青”，叶片茶褐色，有白色斑纹。 温度:喜温暖的环境，在夏季和高温温室内生长良好。越冬最低温度为16?。 光线:怕直射阳光，春夏秋三季放在半阴或室内明亮处。冬季温室栽培可不遮阴或少遮。 水分:生长时期喜土壤湿润，冬季气温低时植物处于半休眠状态。 空气湿度:需要较高的空气湿度。 叶姿高雅秀丽，常置于书斋、厅堂的条案上 养护:喜温暖、湿润和半阴环境，忌阳光直射，不耐寒。生长适温25-30?，越冬温15?以上。 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.