青少年篮球快攻研究

青少年篮球快攻研究 学校代码: 10653 学 号: 2006210718 成都体育学院 题 目 青少年篮球快攻研究 专 业 运 动 训 练 作 者 王 远 洋 指导教师 杨 飞 成 绩 2010年 4月 Therapy. (D) respiratory diseases (2 months) 1. Rotary objective diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in respiratory medicine, familiar with the imaging changes of common respiratory diseases; correct analysis of arterial blood gas analysis, sputum culture result, familiar with application of antibiotics. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and the cases number requirements: disease species cases number (?) Shang respiratory infection 10 pneumonia 10 acute or chronic support bronchitis 5 chronic blocked sex lung disease 5 breathing failure 5 (2) basic skills requirements: type cases number (?) sucking phlegm operation 10 times chest puncture operation 2 cases lung x line read tablets 20 Zhang lung CT read tablets 20 Zhang breathing machine operation 5... (G) psychiatric 2 months 1. purpose rotary master mental illness history, physical examination and scale testing requirements and methods. Learn about common diseases in psychiatric clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapeutic principle. 2. basic requirements for studying diseases and the number of cases required: name number (?) 20 20 emotional disorder of schizophrenia 20 neurosis (VIII) medical imaging department 1 1 purpose, rotary control system, normal CT, MRI reading methods and neuroimaging manifestations of common diseases of the nervous system. 2, basic requirements for studying diseases and the number 目 录 摘要:.............................................................. 1 关键词:............................................................ 1 1前言 .............................................................. 1 2研究方法 .......................................................... 2 2.1文献资料法: .................................................... 2 2. 2讨论法 ......................................................... 2 3结果与分析 ........................................................ 2 3.1快攻的概念及其特点 .............................................. 2 3.2 快攻的战术形式对比.............................................. 2 3.3 快攻战术易犯的错误.............................................. 3 3.4 快攻的发动阶段.................................................. 3 3.4.1快攻的接应阶段 ................................................ 4 3.4.2快攻的推进阶段 ................................................ 4 3.4.3快攻的结束阶段 ................................................ 4 3. 5 快攻的训练方法:............................................... 5 3(5(1(一传诱导法练习............................................. 5 3(5(2(快攻结束阶段的诱导练习..................................... 5 3(5(3(快攻队形的模仿练习......................................... 5 3.5.4 限制法........................................................ 5 3.6训练原则: ...................................................... 6 3. 6.1开始阶段训练 ................................................. 6 3. 6 .2 推进阶段训练............................................... 6 3(6(3 结束阶段训练............................................... 6 3. 7. 移动技术训练.................................................. 6 3. 7. 1运球技术训练 ................................................ 6 3. 7. 2传接球技术训练 .............................................. 7 4结论 .............................................................. 7 致 谢............................................................... 7 参考文献............................................................ 7 Therapy. (D) respiratory diseases (2 months) 1. Rotary objective diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in respiratory medicine, familiar with the imaging changes of common respiratory diseases; correct analysis of arterial blood gas analysis, sputum culture result, familiar with application of antibiotics. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and the cases number requirements: disease species cases number (?) Shang respiratory infection 10 pneumonia 10 acute or chronic support bronchitis 5 chronic blocked sex lung disease 5 breathing failure 5 (2) basic skills requirements: type cases number (?) sucking phlegm operation 10 times chest puncture operation 2 cases lung x line read tablets 20 Zhang lung CT read tablets 20 Zhang breathing machine operation 5... (G) psychiatric 2 months 1. purpose rotary master mental illness history, physical examination and scale testing requirements and methods. Learn about common diseases in psychiatric clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapeutic principle. 2. basic requirements for studying diseases and the number of cases required: name number (?) 20 20 emotional disorder of schizophrenia 20 neurosis (VIII) medical imaging department 1 1 purpose, rotary control system, normal CT, MRI reading methods and neuroimaging manifestations of common diseases of the nervous system. 2, basic requirements for studying diseases and the number 青少年篮球快攻研究 运动训练专业 王远洋 指导教师 杨飞 摘要:本文通过文献资料法和讨论法对青少年篮球快攻进行研究，得出以下结论:在进攻战术中保证快攻 成功的关键因素有以下几个方面:实施快攻战术应有预定的进攻模式;一传到位,接应及时;推进要拉开,保 持纵深队形向前推进,尽量减少传球次数,不要横穿球,两边队员要突前于有球的中路队员,做到侧身跑动, 扩大视野;投篮方式应远、中、近相结合;要有跟进冲抢篮板保证二次进攻;通过相关信号约定,让同伴了解 你的进攻意图和移动位置路线;当进攻人不超过防守人时,则应视其情况放弃快攻,不要勉强快攻;快攻不成 遇特殊情况时要有随机应变的相关进攻方式,以提高成功效率。 关键词:篮球;快攻 The Study on the Fast Attack of the Youth Basketball Major training exercise Wang yuan yang Instructor Yang fei Abstract: The thesis uses the method of collecting the literature and documents, discusses the relative issues. The research gets these conclusions: the key factors of fast break in the offensive factors: Implementation of the fast attack tactics should be pre-set. A transfer in place and cohesion in time, pull forward to maintain the depth of formation to move, minimize the number of passes, do not cross the ball, both sides of the conflict before the players to have the ball in the Road team. Running sideways, expanding horizons. Shooting a manner far, nearly combination, follow to ensure the second offensive rebound impulse. Agreed by the relevant signals, so that peers know your intentions and move the offensive line position, when the attacker is behind the defensive person, the player should give up the fast break. Meeting the special situation, the player should change the way of attacking, so as to increase the success rate. Key words: Basketball; fast break 1前言 快攻战术是篮球比赛中由守转攻时，以最快的速度，最短的时间超越对方，争取人数 上、位置上的优势，果断而合理地利用快速配合进行攻击的一种进攻战术。快攻是篮球比赛 进攻战术中的重要组成部分，也是进攻战术中最锐利的武器，现已成为当今世界篮球强队普 遍重视和运用最多的战术之一。但在比赛中，要运用好进攻战术，是受诸多因素影响的，本 文对此作简要的分析。 1f common diseases of the nervous system. 2, basic requirements for studying diseases and the numberions oII) medical imaging department 1 1 purpose, rotary control system, normal CT, MRI reading methods and neuroimaging manifestatstudying diseases and the number of cases required: name number (?) 20 20 emotional disorder of schizophrenia 20 neurosis (VIs for ases in psychiatric clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapeutic principle. 2. basic requirementotary master mental illness history, physical examination and scale testing requirements and methods. Learn about common disepose rg x line read tablets 20 Zhang lung CT read tablets 20 Zhang breathing machine operation 5... (G) psychiatric 2 months 1. pur5 (2) basic skills requirements: type cases number (?) sucking phlegm operation 10 times chest puncture operation 2 cases lunilure g respiratory infection 10 pneumonia 10 acute or chronic support bronchitis 5 chronic blocked sex lung disease 5 breathing fa. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and the cases number requirements: disease species cases number (?) Shanioticspiratory diseases; correct analysis of arterial blood gas analysis, sputum culture result, familiar with application of antibferential diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in respiratory medicine, familiar with the imaging changes of common resTherapy. (D) respiratory diseases (2 months) 1. Rotary objective diagnosis, dif 2研究方法 2.1文献资料法:本文根据研究目的和内容的需要，收集整理相关文献资料，为本文提供了相当的理论依据。 2. 2讨论法:通过比赛中对篮球快攻战术的运用作出结论。对快攻中战术运用易犯错误作出讨论。 3结果与分析 3.1快攻的概念及其特点 快攻是由防守转入进攻时,趁对方未站稳阵脚之前,以最快的速度、最短的时间,造成人数上和区域上的优势,果断而合理的进行攻击的一种进攻战术。它的核心是“争取时间、创造战机、速战速决”,以便抢先争取场上的主动权,形成一种志在必得的竞赛气势,增强本方队员的信心和士气[1]。快攻不只是两三个人参与的部分人的突击行动,同时也现为高大队员参加的5人投入全线出击的整体行动。在抢得篮板球后,下篮队员可展开个人进攻,随后可 给退守中的对手以不间断的冲击,形成一种连组织突破或传切,接着是高大队员的跟进攻击, 续攻击;其次,快攻也可通过专人接应,快速推进来完成,抢攻已成为快攻的延续部分(所谓抢 [1]攻是防守队员虽已全部退回后场但尚未站稳阵脚之前,有组织的延续攻击行动)。 3.2 快攻的战术形式对比 快攻战术有长传快攻、短传快攻、短传与运球配合快攻3种。 3(2(1 长传快攻是指队员在后场获得球后,用一次或两次传接球传给已摆脱防守并在后场奔跑快下的队员进行投篮的战术配合,它有“出其不意,攻其不备”的战术效果。但是,由于该战术的传球距离太长,其准确性较难掌握。它的组织形式主要有以下几种:抢篮板后长传快攻;抢篮板球后通过接应发动长传快攻;断球长传快攻;跳球后长传快攻;掷端线界外球长传快攻。以上几种都是在后场进行的。 3(2(2短传快攻是指当防守队获球后,立即以快速的短距离传球推进和快速跑动,创造投篮机会的一种配合方法。该战术参与人数可多可少,结构清楚,灵活多变,易成功。由于该战术传球距离短、速度快,对配合的技巧性要求很高。它的组织形式有以下几种:掷后场界外球时发动快攻;抢断后发动快攻;后(中)场跳球获球时发动快攻。这几种形式的短传快攻都离不开接应。而接应的方法有:固定接应和机动接应两种。固定接应在实践运用中可分为固定区域固定队员的接应;固定区域不固定队员的接应;固定队员不固定区域的接应等形式,以上几种形式简单容易掌握,队员目的任务比较清楚,但易被对方识破受阻,这样会贻误战机。对于初学阶段可采用固定接应,熟练之后应运用机动接应。机动接应即不固定接应者的接应,根据场上的情况,谁处于有利位置就有谁来接应。机动接应的方向和接应路线灵活,不易被对方摸清意图,是一种较好的接应方法。 2ts for studying diseases and the numbernormal CT, MRI reading methods and neuroimaging manifestations of common diseases of the nervous system. 2, basic requiremen ystem,ber (?) 20 20 emotional disorder of schizophrenia 20 neurosis (VIII) medical imaging department 1 1 purpose, rotary control sl diagnosis and therapeutic principle. 2. basic requirements for studying diseases and the number of cases required: name numrentiad scale testing requirements and methods. Learn about common diseases in psychiatric clinical manifestation, diagnosis, diffehing machine operation 5... (G) psychiatric 2 months 1. purpose rotary master mental illness history, physical examination anbreat ng phlegm operation 10 times chest puncture operation 2 cases lung x line read tablets 20 Zhang lung CT read tablets 20 Zhangronchitis 5 chronic blocked sex lung disease 5 breathing failure 5 (2) basic skills requirements: type cases number (?) suckiort bcases number requirements: disease species cases number (?) Shang respiratory infection 10 pneumonia 10 acute or chronic supp , sputum culture result, familiar with application of antibiotics. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and thealysisiratory medicine, familiar with the imaging changes of common respiratory diseases; correct analysis of arterial blood gas anespiratory diseases (2 months) 1. Rotary objective diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in respTherapy. (D) r 3(2(3短传和运球结合快攻是指防守队获球后,立即以快速的短距离传接球和从边路运球推进,创造投篮机会的一种配合方法。此种战术的最大特点是边路推进不象中路那么拥挤,球在空中的飞行相对较少,所以被抢断的机会少,但是此方法在中场场角易被堵截而遭夹击,所以对运球要求较高。该战术由发动与接应,推进,结束3部分组成。形式类同短传快攻,但它更侧重推进的效果。而快攻推进的形式有:传球推进、运球推进、传球与运球结合推进等。进的路线有中间推进、边线推进、中间与边线结合推进,在快攻推进时,部分队员或全部队员应迅速的保持三角纵深队形向前推进,边线队员要突前于有球的中路队员。传接球有利于同伴做下一个动作,而持球队员在推进中应判断出对手的防守意图,以便灵活的传球和运球,多传斜线球,避免横向传球,能传不运。快攻的成功与否,取决于快攻结束阶段的配合。快攻结束阶段经常形成的局面有以多打少、人数相等、以少打多等情况。无论此时的局面是否有利,持球队员要保持冷静,根据场上出现的攻防情况处理球,队员之间要保持适当距离,无球队员不应过早地进入篮下,以免带进防守者,造成相互干扰;其次,要充分发挥三分球的威力,减少 [2]不必要的传球,尽快完成本次快攻,否则将失去机会。 3.3 快攻战术易犯的错误 3(3(1对该项战术的概念模糊不清。 3(3(2战术意识不强,机会掌握不好。 (3(3移动路线、攻击点、攻击范围没有保持纵深队形。 3 3(3(4获球后不是有组织、有层次地合理分散。 3(3(5人与球的配合时机、节奏等掌握不好。 3(3(6个人战术与集体战术不能有机地集合起来。 3(3(7快攻结束时动作不果断、速度降低,出现一些不必要的传球。 3(3(8获得后场篮板球,抢、断、打和跳球时,以及对方投中后掷端线界外球时时机抓的不好。 3(3(9获球队员没有及时观察场上情况,没有尽快完成快攻第一传。 3(3(10快攻推进中盲目运球,贻误战机。 [3]3(3(11快攻结束阶段同伴投篮后,没有队员跟进抢篮板球或补篮。 3.4 快攻的发动阶段 快攻是篮球比赛的革命，最早出现于三十年代初期，此后的快攻战术出现了很多的变化，但其目的始终如一，是使最先到达进攻点的进攻队员比防守队员人数多或者是快。因此，只有合理地调整和组织好兵力，让每个队员对整个形势有一个完整的概念，并能在恰当的时机履行自己的职责，才能达到这一目的。发动快攻无论是在获得后场篮板球或后场抢断球，还是对方罚球，双方跳球获球后，以及对方投篮命中后本方发端线球等等情况下，都可以采用 快攻战术的进攻方法，只是在不同获球的情况下，吝自快攻的发动有所不同。获球就是快攻的开始。得球后，获球队员首先应注意的是要尽快的将球传给接应或快速插上的队员，还可以用短传配合或运球突破来发动。目前，国内外一些优秀的篮球运动员已经掌握了空中转体传球的高难动作。其目的就是用最短的时间将球传出，尽量为快攻创造条件。例如:抢得后 3f common diseases of the nervous system. 2, basic requirements for studying diseases and the numberions oII) medical imaging department 1 1 purpose, rotary control system, normal CT, MRI reading methods and neuroimaging manifestatstudying diseases and the number of cases required: name number (?) 20 20 emotional disorder of schizophrenia 20 neurosis (VIs for ases in psychiatric clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapeutic principle. 2. basic requirementotary master mental illness history, physical examination and scale testing requirements and methods. Learn about common disepose rg x line read tablets 20 Zhang lung CT read tablets 20 Zhang breathing machine operation 5... (G) psychiatric 2 months 1. pur5 (2) basic skills requirements: type cases number (?) sucking phlegm operation 10 times chest puncture operation 2 cases lunilure g respiratory infection 10 pneumonia 10 acute or chronic support bronchitis 5 chronic blocked sex lung disease 5 breathing fa. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and the cases number requirements: disease species cases number (?) Shanioticspiratory diseases; correct analysis of arterial blood gas analysis, sputum culture result, familiar with application of antibferential diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in respiratory medicine, familiar with the imaging changes of common resTherapy. (D) respiratory diseases (2 months) 1. Rotary objective diagnosis, dif 场篮板后空中转体1800将球传出，一般队员还不能掌握这一高难动作，但在训练和比赛中，在抢得后场篮板球时，落地的脚尖应注意尽量转向边线(而不是端线)，这样就能更好地加快一传的速度。另外在训练中要注意加强下肢力量和腰腹力量的练习，而非单一的篮球技术或战术练习。 快攻的发动不仅要注意加快传球的速度，而且应注意提高一传的准确性，它直接影响发动的快慢和成功率。从一些比赛和录像上看，国外有些中锋在抢到篮球落地时几乎面向前场，落地的同时球已飞向接应点。相比较而言，我国的篮球运动员还存在一定的差距。 3.4.1快攻的接应阶段 在一传快攻不能发动的情况下，便需要接应。接应是整个推进快攻的枢纽，接应队员的移动和位置又是其中的关键所在。在快攻接应条件下，接应人起着主要的作用，一般接应人又是场上的组织者。有些球队存在着单一的固定接应，一旦接应被严密防守，就直接影响了快攻的形成，因此应在固定接应的基础上发展多点接应，形成接应面。随着篮球技术的不断发展，世界很多球队快攻的接应已由原来的点发展成面。 另外，从防守的需要和众多的比赛规律分析，防守队员的退防往往以中路居多。如果只是固定一点的插中接应，在篮球技术发展的今天是不符合快攻的需要的，也容易被对方封堵和破坏，从而减少了快攻的机会。因此插中接应已逐渐被前插至中场两侧的接应所取代。它可以更进一步增加快攻的接应点，减少失误，是求得快攻成功的有效方法，这种接应具有加快反击速度和便于形成以多打少的局面。 前插中场接应的优点虽很明显，但处理不好会暴露一些问题，例如:这种传球的路线很长，容易被对手断球，如果传球的线路和接应队员跑动的路线一致，也容易发生失误，所以要求接应与一传要配合默契，否则会造成脱节，影响快攻的速度发挥。 3.4.2快攻的推进阶段 快攻的推进是快攻发动后，结束配合前在中前场一带的配合组织。无论是通过传球或者快速运球突破，持球队员进入中前场后都会给对手造成很大的压力，他可以传球，也可以突破上篮得分。在中场，如果传球比突破更有效的情况下，应注意选择传球。也就说能传要尽量传。快下的队员应注意拉开队型沿边快下，这样会使进攻队员与撤回到中场一带的防守队员之间的距离增大，以便于传球和进行更有效地进攻对方。 推进是快攻中不可忽视的环节，在比赛中不能将快攻视为两、三个队员的事，而应该是全队的齐心协力。因此，中后场的队员应注意多层次的参与，这样不仅能改善人数上的优势，增强全队的反击气势，而且可以冲抢篮板球和冲进补篮，取得二次进攻机会。 3.4.3快攻的结束阶段 快攻的目的是进球得分。因此，快攻的结束方式及其合理性就显得尤其重要，它决定着快攻成功率的高低。快攻的结束可采用有效的配合，其目的在于创造良好的投篮时机。现代篮球比赛中，特别是在高水平的比赛中，很多绝妙的传球，漂亮的配合都是在这一阶段打出来的。使防守队员顾此失彼，防不胜防。在这一阶段的配合中，持球队员应注意首先要有团结战斗的思想，应选择得分率最高的投篮机会。如果在自己投篮成功率低于其它同伴的情 ystem,ber (?) 20 20 emotional disorder of schizophrenia 20 neurosis (VIII) medical imaging department 1 1 purpose, rotary control sl diagnosis and therapeutic principle. 2. basic requirements for studying diseases and the number of cases required: name numrentiad scale testing requirements and methods. Learn about common diseases in psychiatric clinical manifestation, diagnosis, diffehing machine operation 5... (G) psychiatric 2 months 1. purpose rotary master mental illness history, physical examination anbreat ng phlegm operation 10 times chest puncture operation 2 cases lung x line read tablets 20 Zhang lung CT read tablets 20 Zhangronchitis 5 chronic blocked sex lung disease 5 breathing failure 5 (2) basic skills requirements: type cases number (?) suckiort bcases number requirements: disease species cases number (?) Shang respiratory infection 10 pneumonia 10 acute or chronic supp , sputum culture result, familiar with application of antibiotics. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and thealysisiratory medicine, familiar with the imaging changes of common respiratory diseases; correct analysis of arterial blood gas anespiratory diseases (2 months) 1. Rotary objective diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in respTherapy. (D) r4ts for studying diseases and the numbernormal CT, MRI reading methods and neuroimaging manifestations of common diseases of the nervous system. 2, basic requiremen 况下，过分相信自己的得分能力，勉强出手，往往会造成前功尽弃的结局，而且容易造成队友的情绪变化，影响全队战斗力，该传时应及时传，该投时就应果断出手。 传统快攻的结局是以多打少，但是如果遇到防守的退防意识强，退防较快，攻守人数相当或者是攻方队员少于守方队员时，由于受传统观念的影响，往往是稳定下来等队友全部到位后组织阵地进攻。如果是在此时进行中投或强行上篮，特别是在投篮不中的情况下，大多被看作是意识不强或者比赛节奏掌握不好，会受到队友或教练的责怪。但笔者认为，在这种情况下采用中投或强攻也不失为一种有效方法。因为这样会在防守还未组织妥当的情况下容易找到突破口，不但可以得分，还容易造成对方的犯规。目前，这种方法在世界强队中越来越广泛采用。采用这种方法的优点有: 防守位置上看，防快攻主要集中在禁区附近防上篮，对中投的防守无心理准备，进攻队员此时急停跳投处于无干扰状态，生理和心理活动较稳定，可取得较高的命中率。中投即使不中还有机会冲抢篮板球，取得二次进攻的可能性较大。若投球未中，防守抢得篮板球时，本方在防守上也处于优势。强攻可以造成对方犯规，甚至罚球，为自己争取得分机会。 由于快攻战术是在高速中进行的，而且好些动作是在激烈对抗的情况下完成的。所以要提高快攻的质量，不仅要加强技术战术训练，而且不能忽视运动员身体素质的训练。良好的身体素质是准确、快速完成快攻的重要保证。没有速度和体力上的优势，快攻战术很难得以实施。 综上所述，要适应现代篮球技术战术的发展，提高快攻战术运用的准确性和成功率，应注意以下几点: 提高意识，不放过任何一次快攻机会。接应由点到面，注重前插至中场接应。全队、及时、有层次的跟进，养成良好的集体战斗意识。不轻易放慢进攻速度，漂亮的外围投篮和有效的强攻也是可取的。不能忽视技战术训练中的身体素质训练。 3. 5 快攻的训练方法: 3(5(1(一传诱导法练习 学生三对三在半场移动,三人进攻,三人防守,教师手持球,在合适的时机将球抛向篮板,当双方任一队员抢到篮板球后,立即把球传到教师手中,教师可移到场上的任何一位置接球,要求队员第一传要快,传球到位,并注意保护球。 3(5(2(快攻结束阶段的诱导练习 在全场反复做二打一和三打二的练习,纠正快攻结束阶段头脑不冷静、强行投篮的错误,要求学生过中线后减少横传球,根据防守的情况合理选择进攻的方式。 3(5(3(快攻队形的模仿练习 学生五人一组(不持球)按已定的防守阵形落位,当教师发出“快攻”的信号后,五人按既定的快攻纵深队形快速移到前场,要求五人快攻行动要统一,始终保持纵深队形。 3.5.4 限制法 3(5(4(1只准传球不得运球的快攻 半场三对三、四对四、五对五攻防练习,当防守一方获球后立即发动快攻,快攻中必须以 II) medical imaging department 1 1 purpose, rotary control system, normal CT, MRI reading methods and neuroimaging manifestatstudying diseases and the number of cases required: name number (?) 20 20 emotional disorder of schizophrenia 20 neurosis (VIs for ases in psychiatric clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapeutic principle. 2. basic requirementotary master mental illness history, physical examination and scale testing requirements and methods. Learn about common disepose rg x line read tablets 20 Zhang lung CT read tablets 20 Zhang breathing machine operation 5... (G) psychiatric 2 months 1. pur5 (2) basic skills requirements: type cases number (?) sucking phlegm operation 10 times chest puncture operation 2 cases lunilure g respiratory infection 10 pneumonia 10 acute or chronic support bronchitis 5 chronic blocked sex lung disease 5 breathing fa. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and the cases number requirements: disease species cases number (?) Shanioticspiratory diseases; correct analysis of arterial blood gas analysis, sputum culture result, familiar with application of antibferential diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in respiratory medicine, familiar with the imaging changes of common resTherapy. (D) respiratory diseases (2 months) 1. Rotary objective diagnosis, dif5f common diseases of the nervous system. 2, basic requirements for studying diseases and the numberions o 短传球推进或长传球推进,不许运球,纠正推进中的盲目运球,贻误战机的错误,要求传球及时,到位。 3(5(4(2指定接应位置练习 学生三人一组,两人为中锋,接教师抛出的篮板球,一人为固定接应队员,站教师身后,当左侧中锋抢到篮板球的同时,接应队员立即摆脱移动到左侧转罚球线延长线附近的位置上接应第一传,反之相同,要求队员选位,移动接应的速度要快。 3(5(4(3快攻中快下前动作和快下时间练习 学生在罚球线延长线处落位,前面放一个佯做进攻的标竿,教师在罚球线处持球,教师把球抛向篮板的同时,练习者立即用前后转身做挡人抢篮板球的动作,当教师抢到篮板球时,是快下学生的信号,快下学生迅速沿边线起动,在快速奔跑中完成接球和投篮动作,要求学生必须转身将本柱挡在身后,快下时间要掌握好, 起动速度要快,要突然。 3(5(4(4限制快攻时机的练习 学生五人一组(不持球)反复做以下的配合方法,获得后场篮板球,抢、打断球和跳球时,以及掷端线界外球时的快攻,要求场上五名学生分工明确,配合线路清楚,接应队员或接应地区明了,纵深队形保持不变。 3.6训练原则: 3. 6.1开始阶段训练 根据篮球比赛攻守相互转换的规律，发动快攻应是在跳球后获球、抢球、断球、抢得防守篮板球时和掷端线界外球等多种时机。在开始训练的过程中，全队队形要快速有层次地散开，5名队员要保持前后，左右的纵深队形，以便快速顺利的完成开始快攻任务。 3. 6 .2 推进阶段训练 推进阶段要求运动员具有快速起动,突然加速,变向摆脱防守的能力。运球突破简炼实用,以最短的时间突破对手。传球及时准确。接球、运球、传球紧密结合,具有良好的战术意识,全队以最快速的方式通过中场。 3(6(3 结束阶段训练 综合上述特点,结束阶段是快攻的最后攻击阶段，也是快攻成败的关键。要求持球队员判断准确，传球或者投篮及时果断。其他无球队员对防守的意图加以预测和判断，并及时选择进攻点，做好接球投篮，积极冲抢篮板球或者补篮。下面我们就推进训练需要有针对性的地方,用典型的训练示例加以说明。 3. 7. 移动技术训练 移动技术训练主要强调动作的突然性及对自身跑动速度的控制。适于做听信号快速起动,变速,变向及加速侧身跑的练习。结合防守做徒手摆脱练习。例如,一人摆脱,两人前后位防守,进攻人突破前面防守人时,后面防守迅速补位,要求进攻人有继续快速突破第二防守人的能力。 3. 7. 1运球技术训练 6ts for studying diseases and the numbernormal CT, MRI reading methods and neuroimaging manifestations of common diseases of the nervous system. 2, basic requiremen ystem,ber (?) 20 20 emotional disorder of schizophrenia 20 neurosis (VIII) medical imaging department 1 1 purpose, rotary control sl diagnosis and therapeutic principle. 2. basic requirements for studying diseases and the number of cases required: name numrentiad scale testing requirements and methods. Learn about common diseases in psychiatric clinical manifestation, diagnosis, diffehing machine operation 5... (G) psychiatric 2 months 1. purpose rotary master mental illness history, physical examination anbreat ng phlegm operation 10 times chest puncture operation 2 cases lung x line read tablets 20 Zhang lung CT read tablets 20 Zhangronchitis 5 chronic blocked sex lung disease 5 breathing failure 5 (2) basic skills requirements: type cases number (?) suckiort bcases number requirements: disease species cases number (?) Shang respiratory infection 10 pneumonia 10 acute or chronic supp , sputum culture result, familiar with application of antibiotics. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and thealysisiratory medicine, familiar with the imaging changes of common respiratory diseases; correct analysis of arterial blood gas anespiratory diseases (2 months) 1. Rotary objective diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in respTherapy. (D) r 运球技术训练主要着重于队员快速突破能力的培养,突破受阻时,必须及时分球,然后徒手超越对手。例如三防一,运球突破练习,要求防守队员分别站在罚球线和中线上,进攻队员接近时,突然上步防守,进攻队员根据防守队员的位置及防守特点,迅速采取相应的突破技术, [5]快速超越防守,不要做多余动作。练习全过程要求一气呵成。 3. 7. 2传接球技术训练 传接球训练应要求队员传球及时、准确,接球与传球,运球与传球转换快,传球后具有快速加速的能力。例如两人行进间传接球的练习,我们要求队员快速跑动接球后通过加快步频,腕指爆发情况。进攻时,要能看到同伴分布情况、持球队员情况以及防守的情况。防守时,要能看到对手情况、球的情况以及附近的攻守队员的情况。深度是指观察思维的敏锐性,即看到情况的主要特征和本质。进攻时,能掌握时机,及时把球传给攻击机会最好的同伴,攻击 [6] 防守最薄弱的环节。防守时,不仅防对手的进攻动作,更重要的是防其进攻意图。 4结论 由于快攻的主要形式是以多打少、人数相等或单打的局面。因此,在进攻战术中保证快攻成功的关键因素有以下几个方面:实施快攻战术应有预定的进攻模式;一传到位,接应及时; 保持纵深队形向前推进,尽量减少传球次数,不要横穿球,两边队员要突前于有推进要拉开, 球的中路队员,做到侧身跑动,扩大视野;投篮方式应远、中、近相结合;要有跟进冲抢篮板保证二次进攻;通过相关信号约定,让同伴了解你的进攻意图和移动位置路线;当进攻人不超过防守人时,则应视其情况放弃快攻,不要勉强快攻;快攻不成遇特殊情况时要有随机应变的相关进攻方式,以提高成功效率。在运用快攻时,全队必须做到“三快、二稳、一动、一猛”。“三快”:形成快攻队形快、一传快、推进快;“二稳”:稳步掌握攻击节奏、沉稳的完成最后的投篮;“一动”:全面形成连续不断的协调的“动”;“一猛”:全队快攻战术行动的气势凶猛,从而保证所用快攻战术的成功率。 致 谢 在论文的撰写过程中，我的指导教师杨飞老师给予我非常大的支持，在此向杨飞老师表达我衷心的感谢;感谢资料室的各位老师，在查找论文资料的过程中，他们给了我很大的帮助;在阅读参考文献的同时，我对作者的丰富知识、阅历感到万分崇敬，是他们为我树立了榜样，指导我在学习的海洋中不会迷失方向，并给我的论文提供了完备的理论基础和现实素材。在此，向曾经帮助过我的人致以诚挚的敬意～ 参考文献 [1]邓文冲.篮球比赛中的“快攻”战术及运用. 重庆工学院应用技术学院,2005，(6) [2]郑尚武.篮球快攻战术若干理论问题探析[J].吉林体育学院学报,2002, (3) [3] 谢义平，杨静.浅谈篮球快攻战术中应注意的问题.成都航空职业技术学院学报, 2000,(12) [4]慕润宽.浅谈快攻在教学中学生易犯的错误与纠正方法.榆林学院学报 2005,(8) 7f common diseases of the nervous system. 2, basic requirements for studying diseases and the numberions oII) medical imaging department 1 1 purpose, rotary control system, normal CT, MRI reading methods and neuroimaging manifestatstudying diseases and the number of cases required: name number (?) 20 20 emotional disorder of schizophrenia 20 neurosis (VIs for ases in psychiatric clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapeutic principle. 2. basic requirementotary master mental illness history, physical examination and scale testing requirements and methods. Learn about common disepose rg x line read tablets 20 Zhang lung CT read tablets 20 Zhang breathing machine operation 5... (G) psychiatric 2 months 1. pur5 (2) basic skills requirements: type cases number (?) sucking phlegm operation 10 times chest puncture operation 2 cases lunilure g respiratory infection 10 pneumonia 10 acute or chronic support bronchitis 5 chronic blocked sex lung disease 5 breathing fa. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and the cases number requirements: disease species cases number (?) Shanioticspiratory diseases; correct analysis of arterial blood gas analysis, sputum culture result, familiar with application of antibferential diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in respiratory medicine, familiar with the imaging changes of common resTherapy. (D) respiratory diseases (2 months) 1. Rotary objective diagnosis, dif [5]陶澜1,姚玉媛2,张洋1.篮球快攻推进阶段特点及训练.河北体育学院学报,2000，(12) [6]孙民治,篮球[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1995 [7]张锁宁.要培养篮球运动员的快攻意识，[J].中国学校体育.2003.(5) [8]曹梦春.浅谈篮球运动中篮球意识的培养[J].龙岩师专学报.2001.(3) [9]张连江.也论篮球运动员的意识及其培养[J].沈阳体育学院学报2000.(4) [10]刘克鸣.谈篮球比赛中快攻战术的运用[J]哈尔滨体育学院学报2004.(1) ts for studying diseases and the numbernormal CT, MRI reading methods and neuroimaging manifestations of common diseases of the nervous system. 2, basic requiremen ystem,ber (?) 20 20 emotional disorder of schizophrenia 20 neurosis (VIII) medical imaging department 1 1 purpose, rotary control sl diagnosis and therapeutic principle. 2. basic requirements for studying diseases and the number of cases required: name numrentiad scale testing requirements and methods. Learn about common diseases in psychiatric clinical manifestation, diagnosis, diffehing machine operation 5... (G) psychiatric 2 months 1. purpose rotary master mental illness history, physical examination anbreat ng phlegm operation 10 times chest puncture operation 2 cases lung x line read tablets 20 Zhang lung CT read tablets 20 Zhangronchitis 5 chronic blocked sex lung disease 5 breathing failure 5 (2) basic skills requirements: type cases number (?) suckiort bcases number requirements: disease species cases number (?) Shang respiratory infection 10 pneumonia 10 acute or chronic supp , sputum culture result, familiar with application of antibiotics. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and thealysisiratory medicine, familiar with the imaging changes of common respiratory diseases; correct analysis of arterial blood gas anespiratory diseases (2 months) 1. Rotary objective diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in respTherapy. (D) r8