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小微企业发展现状

2017-09-17 50页 doc 157KB 30阅读

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小微企业发展现状小微企业发展现状 小微企业发展现状、面临的问题及措施、建议 小微企业是目前苍山县市场经营主体的重要组成部分,对于促进经济增长、增加就业岗位、提高居民收入水平、增进社会和谐等方面具有重要作用。培植壮大小微企业,是推进县域经济“五年大跨越”,实现富民强县的重要着力点。为了解我县小微企业发展状况,分析查找制约小微企业发展的困难和问题,近期,苍山县工商局会同县中小企业局,组织人员进行了专题调研,有针对性地提出了加快小微企业发展的措施及建议。 一、全县小微企业发展现状和主要特点 (一)全县小微企业发展基本情况。小微企业是指注册资...
小微企业发展现状
小微企业发展现状 小微企业发展现状、面临的问题及措施、建议 小微企业是目前苍山县市场经营主体的重要组成部分,对于促进经济增长、增加就业岗位、提高居民收入水平、增进社会和谐等方面具有重要作用。培植壮大小微企业,是推进县域经济“五年大跨越”,实现富民强县的重要着力点。为了解我县小微企业发展状况,分析查找制约小微企业发展的困难和问题,近期,苍山县工商局会同县中小企业局,组织人员进行了专题调研,有针对性地提出了加快小微企业发展的措施及建议。 一、全县小微企业发展现状和主要特点 (一)全县小微企业发展基本情况。小微企业是指注册资本50万元以下的企业,具有经营方式灵活、组织成本低廉、转移进退便捷等优势,适应了当前市场瞬息万变和消费者需求多样化的要求。2012年4月,国务院发布了《关于进一步支持小型微型企业健康发展的意见》,省、市政府也出台了促进小微企业发展的政策措施。全县各级、各部门认真贯彻上级政策要求,把促进小微企业发展作为转方式、调结构的重点,全县小微企业在数量和质量上实现了较快发展。截至目前,全县经工商部门登记注册的小微企业达到928家,2012年营业收入达到56.08亿元,同比增长26.64%;增加值16.82亿元,同比增长25.73%;利税2.53亿元,同比增长24.44%。全县小微企业涉及到各个行业和领域。从总量分布上看,零售业和工业和占据主导地位,占总户数的45.6%;其次是餐饮业、商业服务业、批发业、交通运输业、建筑业等行业,占总户数的36.5%;其余的仓储业、邮政业、住宿业等产业只占17.9%。从区域分布上看,小微企业分布在全县各个乡镇(街道)和园区,批发零售、餐饮服务等行业在县城和各乡镇驻地分布数量比较集中,蔬菜食品等行业分布在县城和神山、庄坞等乡镇,轻工、建材等行业在苍山经济开发区、矿坑等乡镇分布比较集中,形成了以县城、乡镇驻地、工业园区为中心、点面结合的发展格局。 (二)小微企业发展的主要特点。一是在县域经济发展中的份额较大。苍山县没有大型企业,目前小微企业是支撑着县域经济增长、促进居民增收、稳定社会、带动就业的中坚力量。对全县的财政收入、经济总量、社会就业等方面有了比较突出的贡献,全县小微企业已占全县财政收入、税收、经济总量的80%以上,小微企业对县域经济支撑作用明显。二是非公有制经济是小微企业的重要经济成分。目前,除供销等少数行业以外,全县小微企业均为个人投资经营,截至目前,经工商部门登记注册的非公有制企业1385家,个体工商户15545户,从业人员16.4万人。小微企业的发展为下岗职工、高校毕业生、农村富余劳动力等开辟了新的就业渠道,在很大程度上缓解了政府压力。三是小微企业的发展加快了区域特色产业的形成。目前苍山县“一区六园”内聚集着大量的小微企业,小微企业的发展加快了一批具有区域特色的园区,如神山镇的苍山县东部民营经济工业园以蔬菜食品加工为主,庄坞镇的工业园聚集着大量以牛蒡为主导产品的小微企业。四是小微企业生存周期较短。小微企业虽然投资小、创业成本低,但是在激烈的市场竞争中,由于管理人员素质低,产品不符合市场需求,盈利能力不强,每年在工商部门的企业年检中,都有15%左右的小微企业由于经营不善,不参加年检,从而丧失合法的市场经营主体资格,同时,也有一批新的小微企业登记注册,参与市场经营。 二、小微企业发展面临的主要问题 1 一是政策扶持力度不强,发展环境有待进一步优化。近年来,国家和省、市都出台了一系列扶持小微企业发展的政策和措施,工商、中小企业、税务、劳动和社会保障等部门也根据部门职责,在准入登记、商标战略、人力资源、融资等方面给予了鼓励、支持和促进,其中工商部门推出了注册资本分期认缴、减免登记注册费等措施,在一定程度上发挥了降低中小企业准入门槛的作用。但是这些优惠政策在基层的贯彻落实力度较小,县政府对政策落实的监督力度不够。财政列支的扶持中小微企业专项资金规模小,体现不出财政中小微专项扶持资金的撬动作用,拉动和带动中小微企业快速发展的力量弱小。部分乡镇对小微企业的重视程度不够,在招商引资、服务发展中,目光局限于“大项目”,忽视小微企业发展的现象仍然存在。小微企业发展面临的环境还存在不公平、不公正的现象,在创业投资中,土地、环保等方面的限制门槛较高,办事程序繁琐,甚至存在“吃拿卡要”现象。缺乏对小微企业投资创业人员的政策支持、信息引导,投资者盲目性较大,有些投资者在加盟、投资中甚至被不法分子欺诈,制约了投资创业热情。 三是小微企业担保方式有限,资金筹集难。小微企业由于规模小、资信较差,不易获得银行贷款,造成融资渠道少,融资难、贷款难长期困扰着小微企业。尽管各商业银行基本都成立中小微企业信贷部,但由于这些银行的贷款还是向大中型企业倾斜,国有商业银行贷款审批程序复杂,而小微企业所需资金量少、频率高、时间短,导致企业资金借款成本上升和“贷款难”;多数小微企业缺少抵押物、制度不成熟、信息不透明,再加上银根收紧的金融政策使得小微企业融资产生困难。为了顺利开展经营活动,这些企业转而寻求民间资本的帮助,一些企业因此陷入高利贷的泥潭,最终走向“死亡”。小微企业,特别是个体工商户贷款难的问题始终存在,成为影响制约小微企业发展的瓶颈。 三是成本上升较快,产业结构不合理,产品档次、盈利能力低。在调研中,全县大部分小微企业主首先谈到的就是在经营过程中各种压力太大,既有税费方面的负担,又面临着原材料和人工成本上涨较快的压力,不断压缩其盈利空间。全县小微企业资源型、高耗能、高污染产业比重大,高新技术产业、服务业比重偏低,自主创新能力不强,高科技含量、高附加值、高效益的产品少,投资结构不合理。大多数小微企业停留在粗放式的发展模式上,尚未真正走上依靠科技进步的轨道,企业研发、吸纳科技成果的动力和能力不足,设备工艺逐渐落后,生产格局一成不变,甚至偷工减料、以次充好,造成了市场秩序混乱。在工业企业中,拥有注册商标的小微企业仅仅不到10%,小微企业没有一件中国驰名商标和山东省著名商标。产品和服务质量偏低,缺乏市场竞争力,只能靠低价来进行竞争,陷入恶性循环,企业效益较低。 四是经营者素质参差不齐,企业管理水平偏低。从调查情况看,全县71%的小微企业主为初中以下学历,参加过培训、进修和学习的不到,30%,工业企业中50%保持传统生产工艺,没有技术人员。有的小微企业一直沿袭陈旧的管理方式,有的甚至还采用家族式管理,长期处于产品质量不高、服务质量上不去、员工向心力不高的状况。企业经营管理能力高低不一,选择经营范围时跟风意识强,容易导致恶性竞争,处理个人利益与企业集体利益时态度不同,多人合作经营企业容易因争夺个人利益而产生冲突,导致企业难以为继。受制于资本、信息的不平衡,很多小微企业经营者缺乏对政策动向的了解和市场走向的判断,粗放经营,固守已有的成果,缺乏引进先进设备工艺和扩大规模的勇气,最终导致企业失去发展的动力。 2 三、加快发展小微企业的措施和建议 党的十八大指出,要支持小微企业特别是科技型小微企业发展。保证各种所有制经济依法平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争、同等受到法律保护。全县各级、各部门应切实提高重视程度,转变职能,破除体制性壁垒,着力优化发展环境,切实解决小微企业发展中的薄弱环节和突出问题。通过完善政策及服务,创新发展模式,引导产业发展,拓展小微企业发展空间,形成支持扶持的合理体制与互动机制,真正发挥出小微企业在“创新驱动、转型发展”中应有的作用。 (一)加大政策扶持力度,优化发展环境。认真贯彻全县经济工作会议、县域经济发展表彰会议精神,立足我县资源、市场、劳动力实际,增强“发展小微企业就是发展县域经济”的认识。成立小微企业发展领导小组和办公室,统筹开展“政策落实年”、“服务企业‘四比四看’”等活动,全面收集梳理国家、省、市关于促进小微企业发展的各项政策规定,加大小微企业政策宣传力度,引导全县广大群众及时了解、准确把握政策,推动小微企业乘势快速发展。认真落实上级扶持促进小微企业发展的政策和措施,并制定出台我县扶持小微企业发展的实施意见和具体措施。破除部分部门存在的部门利益至上的错误观念和做法,规范行政执法行为,健全执法监督机制,加大“三乱”现象的治理力度,实施小微减负行动坚决制止阻碍、影响和破坏小微企业发展的不法行为。实行相关部门联系企业制度,一对一帮扶企业协调解决发展中的困难和问题。着力完善网络信息服务、融资担保服务、人才培训、产业集群公共平台服务等服务体系,为中小微企业发展提供全方位、全过程的服务支持。 (二)引导企业强化管理,促进小微企业增量提质。开展创建精细化管理样板企业、诚信示范企业和信息化示范企业等活动,发挥典型带动作用,引导小微企业加强管理人员和技术人员教育培训,转变家族史管理的落后管理观念,积极引进人才,全面搜集市场信息,改进生产工艺、生产条件,提高创新驱动能力,走“小而精”的发展道路,积极运用商标、广告战略开拓市场,实现企业管理水平全面提升。加快推进项目建设,以培育创业主体、拓展创业空间、创优创业环境、提升创业服务水平为重点,扶持更多人成功创业。重点动员镇、村两级抢抓机遇,大力发展拉动就业型、产业配套型、科技创新型、高速成长型的项目,不断膨胀小微企业的发展总量。引导条件成熟的个体工商户转型为有限公司,提升一批成长型企业向小型企业升级,促进一批小型企业进入规模企业行列。指导小微企业参加“守重信用”、“消费者满意单位”、“文明诚信企业”评选活动,引导企业履行社会责任,深化商标服务模式,加大对蔬菜食品、轻工建材、化工、畜禽等优势行业的品牌扶持力度,积极指导争创驰(著)名商标,努力打造“苍山制造”产品的品牌优势。 (三)加大财政、金融支持力度,破解中小微企业融资难题。制定出台苍山县小微企业发展专项资金使用,增加县级小微企业发展专项资金规模,重点对高成长型小微企业、科技型小微企业和小微企业开展科技创新、研发中心建设、品牌建设等给予资金扶持,同时加大上级小微企业发展专项资金的申请力度,使广大小微企业感受到政府的关怀,放大财政扶持资金效应,加快小微企业成长发展步伐。采取动产抵押、股权质押、商标专用权质押和向金融部门推荐诚信文明企业的“三押一推”方式,帮助企业开辟融资渠道。引导小微企业开展企业诚信建设工 3 作,积极为小微企业搭建融资平台,定期组织召开银企对接会、小微企业金融服务推介会等方式,拓宽小微企业融资渠道,解决小微企业融资难问题。 (四)转变政府履职方式,营造公平竞争环境。在鼓励、支持、促进小微企业发展工作中,全县各乡镇(街道)、开发区和县直有关部门要转变观念、转变职能,把工作从微观干预转变为依法行政、营造公平正义、平等竞争的发展环境上来。建议县政府在对各乡镇经济社会发展的考核中,加大小微企业在县域经济和镇域经济考核中的比重,发挥导向作用,间接催生一批小微企业,壮大县域经济总量。开展小微企业“评先树优”活动,培植和树立一批发展好的小微企业典型,利用电台、报刊、网络对其进行宣传,使社会各级和社会各界重视小微企业发展,提高小微企业的社会地位。(宋红雨) 小微企业发展中存在的问题与对策的发展分析 一、引言 随着市场经济的深化,小微企业已经成了我国企业的重要形式,是提供新增就业岗位的主要渠道,是企业家创业成长的主要平台,是科技创新的重要力量。也是我国市场经济的重要组成部分。在我国着重进行经济建设的今天,小微企业的发展水平也从一定程度上决定着国家经济发展水平。继2011年11月,财政部和国家发改委发出通知,决定在未来3年免征小型微型企业22项行政事业性收费,以减轻小型微型企业负担后,在2012年1月6日的全国金融工作会议上,温家宝总理又着重指出要“着力解决小型微型企业融资困难”“加强适合小型微型企业融资的资本市场建设”等多项明确支持小微企业发展的要求和建议。由此可见,我国政府对小微企业发展的重视力度。但是我国的小微发展仍受到多重因素的影响,存在着发展瓶颈,可概括为“两高两难两门”—— 成本高、税负高;用工难、融资难;市场准入中存在的“玻璃门”“弹簧门”。这严重制约着小微企业的进一步发展和规模化的形成。本文主要针对小微企业如今的发展情况进行研究,了解其发展瓶颈问题,并分析出原因,对症下药,提出一些解决策略,为小微企业的发展提供一些建议和意见。 二、我国小微企业发展现状[本文转自:lunwen.1kejian.com][本文转自:lunwen.1kejian.com] 小微企业是小型企业、微型企业、家庭作坊式企业、个体工商户的统称,是由中国首席经济学家郎咸平教授提出的。而小微企业又包括小型企业和微型企业,主要是根据企业的营业收入划分的,划分标准随着从事的行业不同而有所不同。例如工业企业的从业人员1000人以下或营业收入40000万元以下的为中小微型企业。其中,从业人员300人及以上,且营业收入2000万元及以上的为中型企业;从业人员20人及以上,且营业收入300万元及以上的为小型企业;从业人员20人以下或营业收入300万元以下的为微型企业。而餐饮业的从业人员300人以下或营业收入10000万元以下的为中小微型企业。其中,从业人员100人及以上,且营业收入2000万元及以上的为中型企业;从业人员10人及以上,且营业收入100万元及以上的为小型企业;从业人员10人以下或营业收入100万元以下的为微型企业。小微企业是小型和微型企业的总称。 我国的小微企业在解决就业和促进国民经济发展中,始终发挥着重要的作用。据统计,目前我国小微企业数量已占到全国企业总数的99%以上,涵盖了国民经济的所有行业,它们对GDP的贡献率超过60%,对税收的贡献率超过50%,并提供了80%的城镇就业岗位,重要性不言而喻。但是小微企业在进行进一步规模扩大和营业收入提升方面却始终处在发展瓶颈。我国的小微企业仅有30%能够在市场竞争中不被淘汰,而能够成功进行良好运营上升为中型企业的不足总数的3%,这个数据远远低于发达国家的一般水平。小微企业的竞争激烈,整体发展不高,直接造成从业人口稳定性不高,流动性大,不仅不利于社会秩序的稳定,同时小微企业的长期小规模的维持和高淘汰率,也影响我国市场经济的进一步扩大和国际化之路的实现。 4 三、小微企业发展中存在的问题 1.经营者水平良莠不齐。在我国,超过80%的小微企业是个人创业,也就是所谓的单个老板的白手起家,而由创业者的受教育程度、对市场经济的认识程度、管理水平、对行业和企业的发展认识、商业眼光等多方面的水平良莠不齐,导致企业的管理水平也参差不齐。在我国的小微企业中,具有科学、合理、完整的并能严格执行的企业不足5%,管理水平不足是绝大部分小微企业经营失败的重要原因,也是制约我国小微企业发展水平的重要原因。[本文转自:lunwen.1kejian.com][本文转自:lunwen.1kejian.com] 2.市场竞争力不强。我国实行改革开放以来,市场经济不断深化,在价值规律杠杆和供需关系的调节下,企业的竞争日益激烈。而随着信息化水平的提升和市场透明度的提升,市场经济已经逐步转入买方市场。买家具有更多的选择余地,这也加剧了小微企业的竞争压力。而由于小微企业自身的规模小、生产能力有限,导致其在市场竞争中的竞争力并不强。并且在企业信誉与品牌口碑方面,与大企业仍然具有不小的差距,大部分的客户在进行购买和消费行为时,倾向于中型以上的企业。激烈的市场竞争是制约小微企业发展的原因之一。 3.人力资源配置不合理。在二十一世纪,企业的核心竞争实质上就是人才的竞争。而从上世纪80年代以来,人力资源管理理论进驻我国后,始终在大、中型企业中贯彻落实地较为全面。小微企业的人力资源管理存在着管理意识差、管理随意性高、人才意识不强、优秀人才引进资本不足等多个弱点,企业人才的综合素质平均水平落后于大中型企业,不合理的人力资源配置也是导致小微企业难以实现跨越式发展的原因之一。 4.金融支持不到位。金融支持不到位是目前制约我国小微企业爆发性发展的首要原因,绝大部分企业在经营及扩大经营的时候都会面临融资难的问题,具体表现在以下几方面: (1)固定资产投资支持不够。创立小微企业,以浙江绍兴的工业企业为例,从地皮购买、厂房建设、机器设备的购买等多方固定资产的筹备,都需要进行基本的资金投入。这部分资金基本都依靠于创业者的自身资本积累,金融LUNWEn.1KEJIAN.COM 第一网机构的贷款支持力度较低,仅有不足30%的企业得到过金融机构的支持,贷款比重在50%以上的不足1%。而大学生创业贷款等贷款形式还具有贷款者的门槛限制,不足以满足小微企业的创立发展需要。对小微企业的固定资产较低的金融贷款支持力度严重制约了小微企业的建设。 (2)流动资金贷款额度小。中国经济报的调查数据显示,超过70%的小微企业的正常运作靠内部积累,不足30%的企业能够依靠金融机构的流动资金贷款来维持。仍以浙江绍兴的工业企业为例,工业企业的流动资金贷款规模大部分集中在200万元到500万元之间,不足企业经营收入的25%。而发达国家对小微企业的流动资金贷款力度可达经营收入的70%以上。流动资金不足也是许多小微企业在经营中遇到的问题之一,资金周转不灵严重影响小微企业的扩大经营。 (3)民间借贷风险较大。在目前小微企业的融资方式之中,超过75%的企业曾经进行过民间借贷行为,以浙江绍兴的工业小微企业为例,民间借贷贷款额在100万元以下的占84.3%;100万元以上,500万元以下的占12.9%;500万元以上的占2.8%。但是民间借贷的利率普遍1分利的月利之上,高利息的融资为中小企业发展带来了较大的压力,而同时民间借贷的高经济纠纷和高风险也无形增加了小微企业的运营风险,制约其发展水平。 (4)扩大经营无资金支持。“融资——生产规模扩大——利润回收还贷——再融资”的发展模式是绝大部分的小微企业的发展模式,但是在进行企业融资进行进一步扩大经营的紧要关口,企业能够获得的资金远远无法满足要求。在融资中由于企业自身的规模小,抗风险能力差,企业自身信誉不高等多方影响,金融机构难以放心提供足够的资金以供小微企业进行扩大生产,这直接导致我国小微企业大多维持现状,难以进行扩大生产,是直接制约小微企业发展的瓶颈所在。 四、解决对策[本文转自:lunwen.1kejian.com] 1.转变经营理念,加强管理水平。我国政府已经大力扶持小微企业的发展,连续出台一系列的优惠政策,但是从微观角度而言,小微企业必须自己拯救自己。即使是国家再有相关政策,也需要企业经营者做到与时俱进,关心时事,积极利用对自身发展有利的优惠条件,并且提升自身 5 的管理水平,例如主动参加文化、管理的学习班,注重信息的利用与共享,注重人才的引进与培养,焕发企业自身的活力应对市场挑战。 在经营方面,国家也可采取促进措施,例如大力增设银行投资顾问和企业发展顾问的数量,用外部专业的经济顾问团队力量,为企业量身打造发展战略,促进企业的发展。 2.加强小微企业之间的联合。小微企业不具有较强的竞争力的主要原因就是企业规模小,产品生产量小、服务不完善、不具备大品牌的信誉、抗风险能力差,这些问题可以通过企业联合进行有效改善。例如浙江温州的皮鞋厂商,在最初是小微企业之时,能够实现联合经营,多家厂商实现合作与共赢,例如在某个企业接到大单时,其他兄弟企业也积极提供原料和劳动力,在最短的时间内完成客户的要求,并按照合理的比例进行利润分配。这样的联合经营方式能够有效加强小微企业的生产力,并且多家厂商的联合信誉度要远远优于单个企业,因此企业联合是小微企业首选的发展之路。 3.放宽小微企业的市场限制。小微企业对我国产生的重要作用是毋庸置疑的,但是在市场之中,仍受到许多限制,难以享受和国有企业同样的待遇。因此应当打破小微企业在市场中常见的“玻璃门”“弹簧门”现象,让小微企业享受和国企同样的市场条件,降低小微企业中的发展隐形阻碍,为企业创造机会和条件,获得扩大化发展的可能。[本文转自:lunwen.1kejian.com] 4.重点改善小微企业的融资难问题。小微企业发展的瓶颈的核心问题是企业融资难,由于小微企业自身的企业资产有限,抗风险能力和信誉都较低,银行贷款门槛总迟迟难以放宽。因此,要改善小微企业的融资问题,首要从政策上放宽小微企业的贷款要求,各大银行可转变信贷理念,改变传统的以报表、抵押物为标准的评审,采用LUNWEn.1KEJIAN.COM 第一论文网企业经营年限和企业收入、品牌影响力和发展前景为主要评审指标,将小微企业的发展潜力作为重要考虑对象来进行贷款额度的制定。同时对于担保方式也可适度放宽,例如实现联合担保,对于小微企业可实现多家兄弟企业的联合担保模式,提升担保力度,放宽贷款限额。在对还贷方面,也可进行方式创新,可采用分期还款的方式,减小在小微企业发展中常见的资金周转不灵而银行贷款到期带来的巨大压力,可促进小微企业较为稳健、持续性的发展。 5.合理减税、创新税收方式。虽然2011年我国已经减免了小微企业的22项公共事业费,但是小微企业的赋税仍然较重,并且在税收中存在着“一刀切”的现象,这加重了小微企业的发展负担。因此在税收方面,政府可采取对小微企业进行合理减税,例如对日本就曾采取对年产值增长率达到10%以上的企业减免20%的营业税,有效促进了小微企业的发展,我国也可效仿。在税收优惠政策方面,也应当改变如今现行的以地区优惠、经济性优惠为主的税收优惠政策,改为以产业倾斜为导向的优惠方式。并且税收部门可以根据对当地小微企业的年度发展状况进行分段评价,并对具有发展潜力的企业采用有条件的税收延后等多种手段,例如对企业营业税和所得税进行延后收取,并收取一定的延后利息等方式,即保证了税收工作,又有效缓解了小微企业的发展中常见的资金压力,减轻小微企业的发展负担,促进其发展。 长三角小微企业生存现状:交钱多,找钱难 “50万能把我这个企业撑起来,100万还能把我这个企业扩大,但是怎么样才能把这个资金积攒过来,”常州飞隆游艇厂企业主陈志强说道。 陈志强的飞隆游艇厂是当下中国众多小微企业中的一员。进入2012年,国内经济下行趋势已经得到确认,小微企业命运也得到更多关注,一系列税改、金融改革措施让人们感受到国家解决小微企业企业困难的决心。 北京大学国家发展研究院联合阿里巴巴集团于2012年9月在长三角多个省市开展了小微企业经营和融资现状调研,之后完成了《长三角小微企业经营与融资现状调研》(以下简称《报 6 告》)。《报告》显示,长三角过半数的小微企业开工率、销售额、利润等经营数据均出现不同幅度的下滑,甚至面临无米可炊的局面。 “我们缺钱”,陈志强说得很干脆。 挣钱难 《报告》调研团队实地走访了上海、杭州、绍兴、苏州、常州、无锡六地96家小微企业后发现,小微企业用工成本的增加,几乎是不可逆的。对于这一点,无锡耐力空调净化设备有限公司企业主薛晓康感受很明显,根据他的经验,以前做一个氧焊是一天工资是80多元,去年100元,现在涨至130元。 由于成本的增加,今年小微企业的开工率继续走低。长三角地区小微企业近6个月开工率均值为68.16%(排除淡旺季因素),并且企业年销售规模越小,开工率越低,年销售规模在100万及以下的客户平均开工率仅为55.46%。 受此影响,《报告》显示,总计有50.24%的企业近6个月销售额相比2011年出现下滑,持平的企业比例为29.77%。这也意味进入2012年,仅有不足三成的小微企业销售额有增长。 在企业销售额减少的主要原因中,老客户订单减少(选择该项企业70.42%)、行业竞争加大(选择该项企业60.05%),订单利润过低不愿接单(选择该项企业48.01%),成为企业销售额下滑的重要推手。 在影响小微企业经营的各种因素中,订单减少首次成为影响小微企业经营的最主要因素。近6个月,国内外订单减少对企业经营影响较大的企业高达64.66%,相比2011年绝对值比例上升最大。这也显示,从2008年金融危机以来,小微企业所面临的销售市场呈现持续恶化的态势,企业所面临的主要经营困难从成本转移至市场。 找钱难 长久以来,由于国内小微企业融资渠道偏窄,自身资金实力偏弱,上下游欠款,成为国内小微企业最为常见的资金运作方式。一家企业拖欠上游供应商货款,而被拖欠的企业则继续拖欠自己的供货商,循环往复,几乎产业链中的每家小微企业都或主动或被动的参与这种资金的腾挪方式,形成国内小微企业间特有的资金拖欠关系。 7 然而,这种方式往往会给产业链最底端的小微企业带来极大压力,在长三角,受资金问题影响企业经营的小微企业比例达到54.65%。 针对小微企业融资难的问题,国家出台了一系列措施支持小微企业的发展。2012年4月19日,国务院出台了《关于进一步支持小型微型企业健康发展的意见》。该意见分8个方面总计29条具体措施,从财税、金融、公共服务等领域加大对小微企业的支持力度。 而《报告》显示,银行、亲戚朋友借款并行成为小企业解决资金问题的主要渠道,前者占48.11%,后者占39.75%。报告认为近3年来,长三角小微企业拥有外部借款的企业比例在逐步提高,仅靠自有资金既可维持周转的企业逐渐减少。但当前有融资需求的小微企业比例仅有33.78%,显示在恶劣的生存环境下,小微企业对于融资,增加企业成本更为谨慎。 中国民营企业联合会副秘书长王辉在今年5月接受媒体采访时认为,融资难、资金链紧张是阻碍小微企业发展的主要瓶颈。 “货款至少要贷200万,贷这200万你又没有担保,厂房是租的,没有抵押物。200万以下的小单子银行不给你搞这个事情。”上海何田工贸有限公司企业主田正祥说。这种情况也限制了小微企业从银行渠道融资。 然而,而随着小微企业净利润的下滑,缺少足够的收入补充企业资金需求,小微企业对于“缺钱”的感知会愈加明显。 交钱多 2011年,以国九条为核心和推动,陆续出台了一系列针对小微企业的扶持政策以及减免小微企业税费负担的政策。针对国家对小微企业系列的减税政策,在引来一片掌声的同时,也遭致一些人的批评。小微企业概念的提出者、著名经济学家郎咸平就认为,享受税收优惠的小微企业的界定标准过低,大量小企业被排除在优惠范围之内。 这一观点得到了众多小微企业主的支持。长三角受访的小微企业主中有32.13%感受到了政府的政策扶持,而认为当前各地扶持小微企业政策对经营帮助很大的企业比例10.37%,认为近6个月企业税费负担较2011年减少的小微企业比例仅为33%,大批的小微企业税费负担并未减轻。 受访小微企业中,36.76%的企业期望获得税收的减免,分别15.26%、13.22%的企业期望获得土地厂房上予以便利及融资门槛降低的政策扶持。 在市场和地方政府增收的双重挤压下,《报告》显示:“不少企业经营者透露出放弃坚持的想法”。为此,《报告》建议:应该帮助小微企业拓展市场,改善销路,降低小微企业税费等负担。 8 “我们小微企业只要存在,有利润,其实就有国家的一部分。”江苏安源电器有限公司企业主陈海平说道。 关于小微企业现状的思考 在某种意义上,小微企业就是民营企业。在现阶段,小微企业最重要的历史使命就是接纳社会富余劳动力,特别是农村劳动力,也包括纳税使命,特别是支撑地方财税。经过三十多年的改革开放,民营经济从萌芽到经济半边天。在经济上升期,小微企业虽然也辛苦备至,但也共享了改革开放发展的经济成果。现在,全球经济不振,国内经济回调,首当其冲的自然是抗风险能力较差的群体。 总结小微企业的这些年来最大的负累应该是:PPI下行导致的产品跌价,CPI上升导致的成本上升,经营环境日益艰难。成本上升的最大的体现是人力成本上升和资本成本的上升,当然也包括缴纳税和新增的环保费用的不断增加。微利或者无利或者亏损,使实体经济的经营者大有纷纷逃离的趋势。 笔者以为,小微企业的负累有些是属于刚性负累,有些应该算是政策偏颇。其中,人力成本负累,事实上是整个社会CPI上升的伴生物,工人需要生活,生活水平的与时俱进,需要共享社会进步带来的好处,要求收入提高是合情合理的刚性需求,人力成本上升这一块已成定局,这道坎只能迈过去,哪怕是很艰难也得迈过去。其次,环保费用,环保投入也是一道必须跨越的坎,社会的每一个群体都有责任和义务去减少环境对人的影响。至于其他税费,有刚性和柔性的两块,以做到财政收支的基本平衡即可。 值得关注的是近年来小微企业的资金成本大幅上升,不说民间融资,就仅仅是银行抵押融资 。后果就是严重打击了小微企业的经营积极性。面对这种情一项,利率上升的幅度达到30%-50% 况,政府其实还是有可以作为的,比如银行的上浮利率最高幅度的限定等。 综上所述,笔者以为,在大环境下政府处于两难之中,一方面需要医治类似于高血压的CPI,另一方面需要医治类似于贫血的经济下行。或许只能在两者之间往返兼顾,因为只有CPI的减压才能稳定民生,先稳定后发展;但是如果经济指标长期下滑,也将危及社会的基本收入和消费,终将反过来危及民生。所以,政府必须在游离于两者之间的预调微调之中,平衡经济领域中各个群体的贫富不均。(文/赖志民) 扶持中小微企业发展情况 一、2012年黑河市经济金融形势分析会 3月12日召开2012年黑河市经济金融形势分析会,全市10家银行分别就经济金融运行基本情况及特点、经济金融运行中存在的问题和经济金融形势预测等做出的细致的分析;政府七部门分别作了发言,此次会议针对当前金融形势提出以下建议:1、提高货币信贷政策执行的针对性、灵活性,加大对地方实体经济的支持力度。2、积极向上争取相关政策,进一步优化全市金融生态环境。3、加大对产业项目建设的支持力度,保证重点产业项目的资金需求。4、加大金融产品创新,支持小微企业发展。5、加大培育发展担保体系,拓宽担保融资渠道。6、推进“两管理、两综合”工作,提高履职能力。 二、开展黑河市2012年金融服务企业融资推进月专项活动。 省工信委融资培训暨银企对接会议在黑河召开。3月6日省工信委派出专家指导组和金融机构为我市进行了融资培训并组织银企对接会。我市组织了各县(市)区分管融资服务工作的领导和工作人员、黑河市区内担保公司及有融资需求的企业参会。参加此次会议的单位和企业共计39个,其中参加银企对接会议的企业31户。企业与省建设银行、龙江银行黑河分行等7家金 9 融机构现场对接。共有6户企业获得银行贷款意向,总贷款金额3700万元。有效缓解了全市部分企业贷款难、融资难的问题,推动了企业健康快速发展。 组织企业参加2012年全省重点推进产业等项目银企对接会议。3月31日全省重点推进产业等项目银企对接会议在哈尔滨召开。工信委下发文件通知,认真组织了全市重点推进产业企业进行融资需求调查,有20户企业填报了融资需求表。黑河市工信委、县区工信局和13户企业参加了省对接会,对接会上宣传金融产品、表达企业融资需求,现场咨询、解答,企业与金融机构、担保机构等进行互动交流,在政银企之间成功搭建加深沟通和联系平台,实现有效对接及互动。 三、“金融暖春”推进重点产业项目银企对接会。4月17日我市召开“金融暖春”推进重点产业项目银企对接会,市政府常务副市长亲临会场,全市23家政府部门、10家银行机构和15户重点企业参加此次对接会。会上人民银行黑河分行、工行黑河分行、农商行三家银行机构代表对各自银行的基本情况和支持企业发展的工作思路进行了介绍;黑河中兴牧业有限公司、孙吴县博莱德物流经贸有限公司两户企业代表对企业的基本情况、重点产业项目的认定、推进和资金需求等方面做了详细的汇报;25个企业重点产业项目进行了现场签约仪式,签约意向达21亿元。银行正在进行授信调查中。 四、黑河市小微企业金融服务宣传月活动。 为深入贯彻落实全国金融工作会议和全省金融工作会议精神,有效解决中小微企业融资难问题,4月20日由银监局、市金融办共同举办黑河市小微企业金融服务宣传月暨政银企信息交流平台启动仪式活动。黑河市政府领导、市委宣传部、省银行协会领导,市内9家银行机构,工信委、工商局等市直有关部门,市区20家企业负责人,新闻媒体,共同参加了启动仪式,工行代表金融系统宣读倡议书,并在中央街进行小微企业金融服务宣传活动。下午召开了政银企平台交流会议,银行业进行了金融产品的推介,面授企业自有资金管理方式,黑河市东方红煤矿、黑河市酒乡酒商行等多家小微企业介绍了经营状况和融资需求。政银企三方进行互动交流,共同探讨适合小微企业的新产品,小微企业贷款面临的困惑,如何简化贷款程序,共同研究缓解“融资难”问题。 五、开展支持小微企业问卷调查。 为了解目前银行业对小微企业的金融服务情况,促进银行业进一步改进服务,人民银行黑河市中心支行组织小微企业进行银行业支持小微企业发展情况调查问卷样本15份,了解融资渠道、申请银行贷款诸多问题,搭建银企交流平台。 为巩固和促进中小微企业融资,近期将做好以下两项工作: 第一,7月初由市金融办、人民银行、银监局再组织一次政银企对接会,会议的准备工作已做完,与会企业将达24家。 第二,落实哈洽会《黑龙江省小型微型企业融资服务联盟公约发布仪式暨小型微型企业融资论坛》会议精神,督促黑河龙江银行、黑河农信社、鑫盛担保公司落实会议精神。 总之,通过政府引导、银企合作、银担合作的方式,更多解决我市中小微企业融资难问题。 10 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen 11 party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations 12 repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth 13 Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political 14 Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision 15 of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and 16 to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on 17 a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a 18 total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > 19 real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years 20 implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, 21 exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should 22 be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective 23 convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts 24 of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application 25 of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation 26 made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give 27 expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental 28 organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post 29 processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in 30 the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in 31 the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management 32 of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, 33 around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one 34 size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are 35 relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < 36 new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform 37 comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation 38 of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 39 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily 40 blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres 41 should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection 42 with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace 43 with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of 44 the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline 45 must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be 46 held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations. 47
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