食品添加剂对人体健康的影响

食品添加剂对人体健康的影响 学院:人文学院 专业:旅游管理 姓名:王 波 学号:12012240304 construction unit to ensure a quality installation, first to pre-installed pivot, measured the door blade and the arm connecting plate ... Butt weld, finally welded panels butt; leaves one or two types of welding in accordance with specifications for the weld appearance quality inspections and internal ultrasonic testing of welds. 8.2.4 gate gate leaf Assembly installation: spell the group mainly uses the 8 ton truck crane and 50 ton crawler crane installation. First sill after cleaning, advance introduction to buttress tank level detection. Lower door leaf lift locked on to buttress, gate water seal base plate vertical adjust the door leaf, reinforced after the lower part of the door leaf in place. Door leaves all the paragraphs after hoisting, retest the door leaf size and distort, after passing inspection before welding door leaf. Menyeshui installation: due to bearing slider in factory assembled, water sealed the site the main installation work. Temporary will water seal plate pressure in sealed article Shang, in level direction and vertical direction check water seal of straight degrees whether meet requirements, Hou with Mark pen from gate Panel of check water bolt hole within draw bolt hole in check water article Shang of location, in corresponding of mark Shang drill out sealed article of bolt hole, with bolt try dressed Hou, removed has joint of water seal, with strong hot rubber of way, will water seal firmly stick received in with, forming Hou with wheel machine gently processing rugged of surface, and check water seal round head surface uneven degrees, each across 0.5M measuring is, After passing on 摘要:随着人们生活水平的提高，生活节奏的加快，越来越多的人对 饮食提出了更新、更高的要求，他们想让食品更方便、更多样、更有风味、更有营养、更加的高级，而为了满足这些要求，仅仅利用我们的天然资源显然是远远不够的，所以食品添加剂得到了广泛的应用，可是由于食品添加剂方面的超标使用又给人们带来一定的危害，所以需要我们更加深入的了解和认识它。 关键词: 食品添加剂 营养 对人的危害 根据《中华人民共和国食品卫生法》，食品添加剂是指为改善食品品质和色、香、味以及为防腐、保鲜和加工工艺的需要而加入食品的人工合成或者天然物质。从定义中我们可以看出食品添加剂可以起到提高食品质量和营养价值，改善食品感观性质，防止食品腐败变质，延长食品保藏期，便于食品加工和提高原料利用率等作用。按其来源、功能和安全性可以对食品添加剂进行分类。按来源可分为天然食品添加剂和人工化学合成添加剂，按功能分为防腐剂，漂白剂，着色剂等22种，按安全划分为A、 B、C三类。食品添加剂目前已有14000余种，一般功能包括防腐剂、甜味剂、着色剂、增稠剂、抗氧化剂、漂白剂、抗结剂、乳化剂、消泡剂、稳定剂、水分保持剂、酸度调节剂、膨松剂、被膜剂、加工助剂、香料及营养强化剂，食品添加剂在使用中应严格的执行国家《食品添加剂使用卫生标准》和《食品营养强化剂使用卫生标准》的使用范围和使用量，按国家使用食品添加剂，对人体是不会产生危害的。对人体有危害的食品添加剂是指不按规定使用食品添加剂或滥加食品添加剂的生产企业，不过国家的质检机构在检验食品时，食品添加剂的使用量和使用范围都有检验项目。 在日益经济化的社会中，各类非自然的新物质层出不穷，人类在享受这美好的生活的同时也在注意着对自己身体好坏的东西。尤其是在人类每日必须的餐饮方面。“美好火腿肠，不添加任何防腐剂„„”这句耳熟能详的广告语提醒着人们食品的安全，食品添加剂，是指为改善食品品质和色、香、味以及防腐和加工工艺的需要而加入食品中的化学合成或是天然物质。食品添加剂是一种非营养物质，添加剂的种类按其来源可分为天然食品添加剂与化学合成食品添加剂两大类。天然食品添加剂是利用动植物或微生物的代谢产物等为原料，经提取所得的天然物质。化学合成食品添加剂是通过化学手段，使元素或化合物发生氧化、还 原、缩合、聚合等合成反应所得到的物质。目前使用的大多属于化学合成的食品添加剂。 有了食品添加剂，食品安全的问题也就越来越引起人们的关注。食品添加剂的使用也引起了很多的争议，在用与不用之间产生了很多争论。其实，任何东construction unit to ensure a quality installation, first to pre-installed pivot, measured the door blade and the arm connecting plate ... Butt weld, finally welded panels butt; leaves one or two types of welding in accordance with specifications for the weld appearance quality inspections and internal ultrasonic testing of welds. 8.2.4 gate gate leaf Assembly installation: spell the group mainly uses the 8 ton truck crane and 50 ton crawler crane installation. First sill after cleaning, advance introduction to buttress tank level detection. Lower door leaf lift locked on to buttress, gate water seal base plate vertical adjust the door leaf, reinforced after the lower part of the door leaf in place. Door leaves all the paragraphs after hoisting, retest the door leaf size and distort, after passing inspection before welding door leaf. Menyeshui installation: due to bearing slider in factory assembled, water sealed the site the main installation work. Temporary will water seal plate pressure in sealed article Shang, in level direction and vertical direction check water seal of straight degrees whether meet requirements, Hou with Mark pen from gate Panel of check water bolt hole within draw bolt hole in check water article Shang of location, in corresponding of mark Shang drill out sealed article of bolt hole, with bolt try dressed Hou, removed has joint of water seal, with strong hot rubber of way, will water seal firmly stick received in with, forming Hou with wheel machine gently processing rugged of surface, and check water seal round head surface uneven degrees, each across 0.5M measuring is, After passing on 西都具有两面性。就拿广泛用于风味酸奶、水果罐头、八宝粥、果冻、等食品的阿斯巴甜来说，它具有和蔗糖极其近似的清爽甜味，无苦涩后味和金属味，是迄今开发成功的甜味最接近蔗糖的甜味剂。阿斯巴甜的甜度是蔗糖的200倍，在应用中仅需少量就可达到希望的甜度,所以在食品和饮料中使用阿斯巴甜替代糖，可明显降低热量并不会造成龋齿。与蔗糖或其他甜味剂混合使用有协同效应，如加2%,3%于糖精中，可明显掩盖糖精的不良口感，与香精混合，具有极佳的增效性，尤其是对酸性的柑桔、柠檬、柚等，能使香味持久、减少芳香剂的用量。此外，阿斯巴甜中的蛋白质成分，可被人体自然吸收分解。当然，有利必有弊，阿斯巴甜对酸、热的稳定性较差，在强酸强碱中或在高温加热时易水解生成苦味的苯丙氨酸或二嗦呱酮，不适宜制作温度>150?的 面包、饼干、蛋糕等焙烤食品和高酸食品。因为阿斯巴甜在人体胃肠道酶作用下可分解为苯丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和甲醇，不适用于苯丙酮酸尿患者。也有指出有少数人会对阿斯巴甜不耐，可能会引起头痛、抽搐、恶心、过敏反应的症状。有了这些不利的因素存在，人们所担心的问题也就随之而来。也许有人会想:不在果冻、八宝粥、水果罐头等食品里加阿斯巴甜就不会对人们的健康产生威胁了。但是，很多问题并不是人们所想象的那么简单，如果不用阿斯巴甜代替糖，食品中存在的糖分就会增多。吃糖过多可影响体内脂肪的消耗，造成脂肪堆积，容易肥胖;吃糖过多，还可以影响钙质代谢;吃糖过多，会使人产生饱腹感，食欲不佳，影响食物的摄入量，进而导致多种营养素的缺乏。除此之外，食用过多的糖可能会导致心脏病、高血压等疾病。对幼儿来说，可能会造成龋齿、近视、软骨症、消化道等疾病。这同样对人的健康产生了极大的威胁。所以，有的时候使用一定的添加剂是有益的。 尽管食品添加剂给我们带来便利，可是食品添加剂一般在食品中添加的量极少，一般拉制在0.1~0.019/kg之间。即使对盐来说，我们一旦在食物中放的过多，也会打破我们生理上的平衡，据法国国家卫生医学研究所的一项研究，法国每年至少有7.5万人因食盐过量而患心血管疾病，其中2.5万人因病情严重而死亡，这一数字是法国交通事故死亡人数的4倍，更何况那些大部分人工合成的食品添加剂，倘若使用不规范就会造成不可挽回的后果。近年来，食品添加剂超标的事件频频发生，给我们敲醒了一个又一个的响钟。 其实，食品添加剂并没有人们想象的那么危害人的健康，它会为人们带来很多方便。除了上面所说的阿斯巴甜以外，还有很多食品添加剂都有一定的用处。比如说防腐剂，除了少数的物品(如食盐)外，食品都来自各种动物或植物，各种生鲜食品，在植物采收或动物屠宰后，若不及时加工或有效保存，往往会败坏变质，适当的加入一些防腐剂，就可以延长食品的保存期。很多人认为食品中的防腐剂会威胁人的身体健康。可一些食品如果不使用防腐剂的话，会引起致病菌construction unit to ensure a quality installation, first to pre-installed pivot, measured the door blade and the arm connecting plate ... Butt weld, finally welded panels butt; leaves one or two types of welding in accordance with specifications for the weld appearance quality inspections and internal ultrasonic testing of welds. 8.2.4 gate gate leaf Assembly installation: spell the group mainly uses the 8 ton truck crane and 50 ton crawler crane installation. First sill after cleaning, advance introduction to buttress tank level detection. Lower door leaf lift locked on to buttress, gate water seal base plate vertical adjust the door leaf, reinforced after the lower part of the door leaf in place. Door leaves all the paragraphs after hoisting, retest the door leaf size and distort, after passing inspection before welding door leaf. Menyeshui installation: due to bearing slider in factory assembled, water sealed the site the main installation work. Temporary will water seal plate pressure in sealed article Shang, in level direction and vertical direction check water seal of straight degrees whether meet requirements, Hou with Mark pen from gate Panel of check water bolt hole within draw bolt hole in check water article Shang of location, in corresponding of mark Shang drill out sealed article of bolt hole, with bolt try dressed Hou, removed has joint of water seal, with strong hot rubber of way, will water seal firmly stick received in with, forming Hou with wheel machine gently processing rugged of surface, and check water seal round head surface uneven degrees, each across 0.5M measuring is, After passing on 的大量滋生，更加威胁人的健康。因此，适当的使用防腐剂对我们来说是有必要的。我们不必为了担心食品的变质而勉强自己一定要在短时间内用完。食品的色、香、味、形态等也是人们很在意的一项重要指标。食品加工后会出现褪色、变色、风味和质地的改变。适当使用着色剂、护色剂、漂白剂、香料、乳化剂和增稠剂，可明显提高食品的感官质量，满足消费者的不同需要。食品的营养成分是人们最关注，也最在意的一件事，食品应富有营养，但食品加工不可避免地造成一定的营养素损失。食品加工时适当地添加某些属于天然营养素范围的食品营养强化剂，可大大提高食品的营养价值，这对于防止营养不良和营养缺乏、促进营养平衡、提高人们健康水平具有重要意义。当然了，任何东西都不能过多的使用，就算是再好的东西使用过度，也会对健康产生影响，上述所说的各种食品添加剂当然也不例外，所以，我们在使用食品添加剂时要适中，适当。另一方面，食品添加剂的使用是人类饮食文化进步的表征。食品工业越发展，人民生活水平越提高，使用食品添加剂品种也就越多。 天然品不等于安全，合成品不等于有毒。不要盲目迷信“纯天然”食品。食品的优劣，不能以所含成份是天然生成还是人工合成来衡量，天然物质并非全部是无害的，人工合成物质也并非都会有损健康。比如:人类食用的动植物，有于天然的食品 些本身就含有有害的物质;欧美一些国家对我国的中草药就不认可;用于生产食品的油脂、调味品、面粉等原料本身就已经含有合成防腐剂;人类大量服用的西药都是合成化学品。使用的食品添加剂只要是符合国家标准，就是安全的。超量使用，即使是天然的，也可能适得其反。 因此，首先生产者要有集体意识，树立诚信的形象，抛却唯利是图的观念，这是人命关天的大事，不能为了那小小的利润而置人命不顾。即使生产者通过这种不道德的途径获得了暴利，要是东窗事发，却始终逃脱法律的制约和良心的谴责，最终还是会身败名裂。再者要形成监管有力的市场运行机制，规范制约生产者严格遵守食品生产安全的有关规定，提倡文明生产。一旦发现有违法的行为，国家要进行强有力的惩罚，绝不轻怠。而最后我们消费者也要有自我保健的意识，增加有关食品安全方面的知识，能够辨别具有危害性的添加剂，在日常生活中避免因添加过多食品添加剂而出事的情况。 食品添加剂是把双刃剑，它已经深入我们的生活中，不能忽视它的作用，但是同样不能因为它可能给我们带来的副作用而完全敌视它，不能因噎废食。而是懂得运用它的优势为我们创造出一个色彩斑斓的生活。 参考文献: 1、 李宁《食品二氧化硫超标的危害》 《健康报 》 construction unit to ensure a quality installation, first to pre-installed pivot, measured the door blade and the arm connecting plate ... Butt weld, finally welded panels butt; leaves one or two types of welding in accordance with specifications for the weld appearance quality inspections and internal ultrasonic testing of welds. 8.2.4 gate gate leaf Assembly installation: spell the group mainly uses the 8 ton truck crane and 50 ton crawler crane installation. First sill after cleaning, advance introduction to buttress tank level detection. Lower door leaf lift locked on to buttress, gate water seal base plate vertical adjust the door leaf, reinforced after the lower part of the door leaf in place. Door leaves all the paragraphs after hoisting, retest the door leaf size and distort, after passing inspection before welding door leaf. Menyeshui installation: due to bearing slider in factory assembled, water sealed the site the main installation work. Temporary will water seal plate pressure in sealed article Shang, in level direction and vertical direction check water seal of straight degrees whether meet requirements, Hou with Mark pen from gate Panel of check water bolt hole within draw bolt hole in check water article Shang of location, in corresponding of mark Shang drill out sealed article of bolt hole, with bolt try dressed Hou, removed has joint of water seal, with strong hot rubber of way, will water seal firmly stick received in with, forming Hou with wheel machine gently processing rugged of surface, and check water seal round head surface uneven degrees, each across 0.5M measuring is, After passing on 2、佚名《食品添加剂的危害与祸起之源》 《 半岛都市报》 3、黄杰《对一起亚硝酸盐引起食物中毒的中毒剂量的调查与思考》 《中华医药 杂志》 4、佚名 《铝超标缘于食品添加剂 成为膨化食品又一硬伤》 《南方日报》 construction unit to ensure a quality installation, first to pre-installed pivot, measured the door blade and the arm connecting plate ... Butt weld, finally welded panels butt; leaves one or two types of welding in accordance with specifications for the weld appearance quality inspections and internal ultrasonic testing of welds. 8.2.4 gate gate leaf Assembly installation: spell the group mainly uses the 8 ton truck crane and 50 ton crawler crane installation. First sill after cleaning, advance introduction to buttress tank level detection. Lower door leaf lift locked on to buttress, gate water seal base plate vertical adjust the door leaf, reinforced after the lower part of the door leaf in place. Door leaves all the paragraphs after hoisting, retest the door leaf size and distort, after passing inspection before welding door leaf. Menyeshui installation: due to bearing slider in factory assembled, water sealed the site the main installation work. Temporary will water seal plate pressure in sealed article Shang, in level direction and vertical direction check water seal of straight degrees whether meet requirements, Hou with Mark pen from gate Panel of check water bolt hole within draw bolt hole in check water article Shang of location, in corresponding of mark Shang drill out sealed article of bolt hole, with bolt try dressed Hou, removed has joint of water seal, with strong hot rubber of way, will water seal firmly stick received in with, forming Hou with wheel machine gently processing rugged of surface, and check water seal round head surface uneven degrees, each across 0.5M measuring is, After passing on