抽象名词具体化

抽象名词具体化 考点:抽象名词具体化 ? ?经典回顾 1.(?????)Jumping out of airplane at ten thousand feet is quite________exciting experience. A.不填;the B.不填;an C.an;an D.the;the 2.(?????)Many people agree that________knowledge of English is________must in international trade today. A.a;a B.the;an C.the;the D.不填;the 3.(?????)One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain________good knowledge of basic word information. A./ B.the C.a D.one 4.(????)—I hear that as many as 150 people were killed in the earthquake. —Yes，________news came as________shock to us. A.the;the B.the;a C.不填;不填 D.不填;a 5.(????)He has______great interest in history，especially in______history of Tang Dynasty. A.a;the B.a;/ C./;the D./;a ?案例探究 1.For many Beijingers，dreams of living in___green area are becoming____reality. A.a;a B.the;the C.不填;不填 D.the;不填 命意图:面看本题考查学生对冠词的用法，其实也考查了学生对抽象名词具体化的掌握，属于五星级题目。 知识依托:抽象名词并非都作不可数名词。 选项迷惑性较大，许多同学会认为reality为抽象名词，不能用a。 错解分析:D 解题与技巧:抽象名词或物质名词前或后加上表示性质类别的修饰词，指概念的“一种”“一类”“一次”等时，可用不定冠词，例如:Physics is a science. A 2.The police have________power to arrest bad people by________law. A.the;the B.a;a C.the;不填 D.不填;the 命题意图:考查学生对抽象名词具体化的理解，属于四星级题目。 知识依托:定冠词与抽象名词连用，特指双方都了解的人或事。 错解分析:许多学生会认为D正确，认为power是抽象名词，故不能用冠词。 解题方法与技巧:to arrest bad people是power的定语，故此处用the表示特指。 答案:C ?锦囊妙计 抽象名词具体化可以化分为两大板块和三个注意来掌握 一(单数 (1)表示情感、情绪的词，强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词可概括为如下11个字:惊、 乐、幸、憾、傲、慰、险、助、成、败、美。 1. surprise吃惊、惊奇(不可数名词) a surprise令人吃惊的人或事(可数名词) 如:in surprise惊奇地、吃惊地，to one’s surprise令人吃惊的是 What a surprise to see you here! 在这里见到你真是个意外的事。 2. pleasure愉快、高兴(不可数名词) a pleasure一个乐事、一个乐趣(可数名词) 如:with pleasure高兴地、乐意地，take pleasure in以„为乐、爱好 It’s a pleasure to work with him. 和他一块儿工作是件乐事。 3. honor荣誉、信誉(不可数名词) an honor一种光荣的人或事(可数名词) 如:for the honor of the country为了国家的荣誉 It’s an honor to speak here.在这里发言是我的荣幸。 4. pity 遗憾 a pity 一件遗憾的事 It’s a pity that you should fail to pass the exam. 5. pride骄傲(不可数名词) a pride令人骄傲的人或事(可数名词) 如:He takes pride in his son.他以儿子为骄傲。 He is a pride to his parents.他是父母的一个骄傲。 6. comfort安危、舒适(不可数名词) a comfort一个令人安慰的人或事(可数名词) 如:enjoy comfort享受舒适 Books become a comfort to him.书籍成为他的一种安慰。 She tried to make her children live in comfort , which is a great comfort to her. 7. danger危险(不可数名词) a danger可能引起危险的人或物(可数名词) 如:In war, a soldier’s life is full of danger.战争中，士兵的生命充满了危险。 The man is a danger to society.那是个对社会危险的人物。 8. success成功(不可数名词) a success一个成功的人或事(可数名词) 如:be sure of success确信成功 He is a great success as a scientist.作为科学家，他是个伟大的成功者。 9. failure失败(不可数名词) a failure/failures失败的人或事(可数名词) 如:Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。 He had had six failures and would have a seventh try. 他已经历六次失败，并将再次努力。 10. help 帮助 a help帮手，起帮助作用的物 It’s a great help to me. 11. beauty美、美丽(不可数名词) a beauty美人、美丽的东西(可数名词) 如:the beauty of nature大自然的美 He regarded his wife as a beauty.他把妻子视为美人。 (2)表示“一次”、“一场”、“一段”等“一„„”的概念，常与动词连用构成短语，名词前常有形容词修饰。 如:1. have a good time have a wonderful supper have a good knowledge/understanding of have a population of have an income of cover an area of，reach a height of 2.与动词have, take, make, give等连用，表示某一次短暂的动作。 如:have a swim/rest/look/trip/discussion/smoke/wash/sleep take a walk/bath give/take a try make an advance/an early start/an apology take/have a great interest go out for a walk 3. 接同源宾语的短语如: live/lead a happy/simple/hard/poor/bitter life dream a strange dream die a heroic death (3)物质名词前有形容词修饰,如: have breakfast have a wonderful breakfast The road is covered with snow. They have a heavy snow every year. Time and tide wait for no man. We had a wonderful time last night. 二(复数 词义发生变化，主要是构成一些固定短语 use one's brains 动脑筋 meet with difficulties 遇到各种困难 make preparations 做准备 in high spirits 情绪高涨 good manners 有礼貌 Many thanks. 非常感谢。 No pains～no gains. 不劳无获。 congratulations 祝贺 possessions 所有物～财产 surroundings 环境 注意: ?链接高考 1. (2007 全国卷II)—Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please? —Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village. A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; / 2. (2007 北京卷) I looked under _____bed and found ______book I lost last week. A.the; a B. the: the C. 不填;the D. the:;不填 3 (2007 山东卷)________ walk is expected to last all day, so bring____ packed lunch. A(A;a B(The; 不填 C(The a D(A 不填 4. (2007 福建卷) —How about Christmas evening party? —I should say it was success. A.a; a B.The; a C.a;不填 D.the; 不填 5. (2007 湖南卷) Polar bears live mostly on______sea ice, which they use as ______platform for hunting seals. A. a; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D. the; 不填 6. (2007 江苏卷) We have every reason to believe that_____ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be_____ success. A. / „ a B. the „ / C. the „ a D. a „ a 7. (2007 江西卷)Many people have come to realize that they should go on ___balanced diet and make ____ room in their day for exercise. A.a;/ B.the; a C.the;the D./;a 8. (2007 陕西卷) In film Cast Away.Tom Hanks plays man named Chuck Noland. A.a; the B.the; a C.the; the D.a; a 9. (2007 四川卷)How about taking ______ short break? I want to make _______ call( A(the;a B(a;the C(the;the D(a;a 10. (2007 天津卷) I wanted to catch ________early train, but couldn’t get ________ ride to the station. A. an, the B. /, the C. an, / D. the, a 11. (2007 浙江卷) I like _____ color of your skirt. It is _____ good match for your blouse. A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the 12. (2007 重庆卷)Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _______ church. A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a 13. (2007 辽宁卷) Chrismas is _____ special holiday when _______ whole family are supposed to get together. A. the, the B. a, a C. the, a D. a, the 14.(11湖南卷)22. Have you heard ______ news,The price of _______ petrol is going up again! A. the, the B. 不填，the C. the, 不填 D. 不填，不填 15.(11江苏卷)21. We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent. A. the; the B.不填;the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;不填 16.(12山东卷)21. Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource. A. 不填;a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. the; a 17.(08江西卷)30. --- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting. --- It is not your fault. With __ rush-hour traffic and __ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late. A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a 18.(12辽宁卷)24. My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got ______ energy. A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填;the D. a; the 19. (08全国II)8. It’s not ___ good idea to drive for four hours without ___ break. A. a a B. the a C. the the D. a the 20. (08陕西卷)10. I ate _________ sandwich while I was waiting for _________ 20:08 train. A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. a, a 5 21. (08四川卷)8. In the United States, there is always ____ flow of people to areas of ______ country where more jobs can be found. A. a; the B. the a C. the; the D. a; a 22.(08浙江卷)2. ______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head. A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填 23.(08重庆卷)27. In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the;the KEYS: 1-10 B B C B C C A B D D 11-23 C C D C B D B D A C A A C