Unit-14-Are-We-Raising-a-Generation-of-Spoilt-BratsPPT课件

新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）综合第五册(第2版)电子Coverpage上海外语教育出版社南京信息工程大学刘杰海Unit14AreWeRaisingaGenerationofSpoiltBrats?ContentspageContentsLearningObjectivesPre-readingActivitiesGlobalReadingDetailedReadingConsolidationActivitiesFurtherEnhancementLearningObjectivesLearningObjectivesRhetoricalskill:metaphor,simile,quotationsKeylanguage&grammarpointsWritingstrategies:argumentationbycause-effectanalysisTheme:raisingchildrenPre-R:pictureactivationWhatdoyouthinkofthesaying“sparetherod,spoilthechild”?PictureActivation|Pre-questionsPre-R:P_Q1PictureActivation|Pre-questions1.Britishparentsnowadaysarecomparedbysomepeopletocashcows.Theywilldoalltheycantosatisfytheirchildren,whoarebeingbroughtuptobewasteful,dissatisfactory,ungratefulbrats.WhatdoyouthinkoftheirincreasinglyaffluentChinesecounterparts?Aretheydoingmoreorlessthesamething?Opentodiscussion.Pre-R:P_Q2PictureActivation|Pre-questions2.Astheso-called"post90s",youaremostprobablytheonlychildinyourfamily.Youmusthaveenjoyedexcessiveattentionfromyourparentsandgrandparents.Doyouthinkyouhavebeenmadeover-dependentbytheircare?Opentodiscussion.G-R:text-introInthisessaytheauthorrecountstheproblemfacedbypresent-dayparents,whoareraisingagenerationofspoiltchildrenbydotingonthemexcessively.TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureG-R:culture-notes-middle-classmiddle-class(Para.4)Thistermisgenerallyinterchangeablewiththetermbourgeoisie,whichisrarelyusedexceptbyeconomichistorians.Inmodernsocietythemiddle-classgroupiscomposedofprofessionals,white-collarworkers,farmers,andthelike.TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureG-R:culture-notes-iPodiPod(Para.12)asmallpieceofelectronicequipmentforplayingmusic,madebytheApplecomputercompanyTextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureG-R:culture-notes-catch-22catch-22(Para.13)"Catch-22"isafamouswarnovelbytheAmericanauthorJosephHeller,publishedin1961.Thetitleofthenovelcomesfromanobscuremilitaryregulation,knownas"Catch-22,"inventedbyHeller.TheexpressionCatch-22hasenteredtheEnglishlanguageasatermforanimpossiblesituationthatyoucannotsolvebecauseyouneedtodoonethinginordertodoasecondthing,butyoucannotdothesecondthinguntilyouhavedonethefirst:It'sacatch-22situation—withoutexperienceyoucan'tgetajobandwithoutajobyoucan'tgetexperience.TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureG-R:culture-notes-KidscapeKidscapeTheLondon-basedcharityKidscapewasestablishedin1985bychildpsychologistMicheleElliott.Itsfocusisonchildren'ssafety,withanemphasisonthepreventionofharmbyequippingchildrenwithtechniquesandmindsetsthathelpthemstaysafe.Aftera1984-1986surveyof4000children,theirparentsandteachers,itwasapparentthatthemainthreattochildrencamefrompeopleknowntothem—bullies,friends,orfamilymembers.Kidscape'sChildProtectionprogrammesarenowtaughtUK-wideinthousandsofschoolsandcommunitygroups.Kidscapeisidentifiedwiththeefforttoquellbullying,workingwithchildrenfrom9-15.TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureG-R:culture-notes-GenerationYGenerationY(Para.15)thepopulationgroupintheUSbornfromsomewherearound1976toaround2000.Theyaresometimescalledechoboomersbecausesomeofthemarethechildrenofbabyboomers.Ontheotherhand,someGenerationYchildren,especiallythoseborninthelate1980sorafterwards,maybethegrandchildrenofbabyboomers.OthernamesforthisgrouparetheMillennials,theInternetGeneration,andtheabbreviatedGenYorGenYers.TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureG-R:culture-notes-ArmaniBabyArmaniBaby(Para.19)ArmaniBaby,oneofthemanyspecializedsub-labelsofArmani,isatradenameforchildren'sclothesproducedbytheItalianfashioncompanyGiorgioArmani.Armaniisoneofthemostpopularluxurybrandsintheworld.TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureG-R:authorbioJudithWoodsisafreelancewriterwithaparticularinterestinhealthandnutrition.ShehaswrittenforTheDailyTelegraph,TheSundayTimes,Harpers&QueenandTheScotsman.TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureG-R:structuralanalysis-1TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructurePart1(Paras.1-3)presentsasceneofpamperedexistenceoftoday'schildrenandtheaccommodatingattitudesthatparentsholdtowardstheirchildren.Part2(Paras.4-14)analyzesindetailwhyandhowparents,withtheircomplaintsandstruggles,aretolerantoftheirchildren'sextravagance.G-R:structuralanalysis-2TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructurePart3(Paras.15-18)holdsthattheoverindulgencefromparentshasledtotheunwantedandharmfuleffectsonyounggenerations.Part4(Paras.19-21)offerssomeadvicetoparentswho,alsoastonishedbythehighcostofchildren’sextravagantexpenditureanddeterminedtotakesomecountermeasures,should,accordingtoexperts,layoutthegroundrulesforchildreninsteadofbeingyes-menallthetime.DR-p1textAREWERAISINGAGENERATIONOFSPOILTBRATS?JudithWoods1.Theykitthemselvesoutdailyinclothesandaccessoriesworth£700.Theirmobilephonesarebetterthanours,andtheyhavebusiersociallivesandaccesstomoneyondemand.Anddemandtheydo:whetheritbethelatestjeansoracomputerupgrade,instantgratificationisthebyword,andrefusalisnotanoption.Welcometothepamperedexistenceoftoday'schildren,aplacewherepesterpowerrulesandparentsaremilkedlikecashcows.DetailedReadingDR-p2text2.Weallloveourchildren,wantthemtosucceedandwilldoanythingwecantogivethemthebeststartinanincreasinglycompetitiveworld.Wehateitwhentheyareunhappy,andrecoilwhentheyshout,andtakingthepathofleastresistanceseemseasier;afterall,theotherparentsarealldoingit.Butthemessagewearesendingouttoourchildrenisthattheyshouldexpectthethingstheywantinlifetobehandedtothemonaplate.Andmanyexpertsbelieveourpushoverparentingisdoingmoreharmthangood.DetailedReadingDR-p3-4text3.Sowhydoparentsfinditsodifficulttosayno?Couldwebedoingourchildrenagravedisservicebylettingthemhavetheirownway?Arewerearingagenerationofspoiltbrats?4.Thatsomemiddle-classparentswhoarebringingupspoiltbratsispartlyagenerationalthing.Parentswhowerethemselvesbroughtupinaverydisciplinarianwayaredeterminednottodothesamewiththeirchildren,buttheystruggletofindabalancebetweensayingnoandsayingyes.Itissimplyeasiertosayyes.DetailedReadingDR-p5text5.InBritain,wetendtohaveahousefulofunderagedespots,lounginginconsideratelyacrosseverysofa,throwingtantrumswhenthelatestmust-haveaccessoryisdeniedthem,andtreatingtheirparentsaslittlemorethanlackeys.DetailedReadingDR-p6text6."I'mthebreadwinnerandtheonlythingIaskisthatwhenIcomehome,Igettorelaxinmyarmchair,"saysGary,whorunsanITcompany."Butmy17-year-oldsonisusuallysittingthereandrefusestogetup.Iknowitsoundspetty,butitmakesmelivid.Hegets£35aweekpocketmoney,plustheclothes,computersandmobilephonesthatheneeds,buthewon'tshowmethemostbasiccourtesy.HehardlyevenglancesupwhenIcomeintotheroom."DetailedReadingDR-p7text7.Arecentsurveyrevealedthattheaverageteenagerleavesthehouseinanoutfitworthmorethan£229,jewelryboughtfor£125anda£75watch.Mobilephones,MP3playersandwalletsaddanother£300,bringingthetotaluptoaround£700.Ouryoungstershavedevelopedatasteforthefinerthingsinlife,andincreasedaffluencemeansthatmostofuscanaffordtokeeptheminthemannertowhichthey'vebecomeaccustomed.DetailedReadingDR-p8text8.LizandherhusbandstretchedthemselvestotheirfinanciallimitstosendtheirdaughterAmytopublicschool.Theyhavediscoveredthatthefeesarejustthetipoftheiceberg.DetailedReadingDR-p9text9."We,aswellasAmy,areveryconsciousthatmostofherclassmatesarebetteroff,becausesheoftentalksaboutfriendswhohaveweekendcottagesinthecountry,"saysLiz."Itisastruggle,buthavingplacedherinthatenvironment,wefeelitourdutytoensurethatshecankeepupwiththeothers,goontheskitripsandhavethesamegearastheothergirls.She'snotspoilt,wejustwanthertodowell,andifthatmeanswehavetodowithoutholidaysoranewcar,thenit'sworthit."DetailedReadingDR-p10-11text10.Self-sacrificehasalwaysbeenpartandparcelofparenthood,andweeventakeaperverseprideinit.Justtalktothemotherwhoboastshowsheneverbuysanynewclothes,whileherkidsaredressedinthisseason'sfashions.11.Thoseannualsurveysestimatingthatitcostsaround£180,000tobringupachildtotheageof21don'tappeartoputusoffprocreating.Butincreasingly,questionsarebeingraisedabouttheeffectsofchild-centeredparenting.Somuchemphasisisonempathizingwithourchildren;coulditbethatwe'restoringupproblemsforlater?DetailedReadingDR-p12text12."Middle-classparentsbendoverbackwardstogivetheirchildrenchoicesfromthetimetheyarebabies,"saysJulia."Weaskthemiftheywantyogurtorcheeseandwhichcolorspoontheywouldprefer.Weencouragethemtohaveopinions.Thenwethrowupourhandsinhorrorwhenweendupwithastroppy12-year-oldwhohasamindofhisown.Weempathizewiththem,whichisgreat,butthere'saflipside—ifwe'retooclosetoourchildrenthenwefeeltheirpainwhentheyreallywantthatnewiPod,andit'sveryhardtosay'no'.Mostparentsdon'twanttoprovokeaconfrontation.IknowI'masmuchofasofttouchasthenextparent."DetailedReadingDR-p13text13.Guiltisalsoaprimemotivatoramongdual-incomecoupleswhofindthemselvescaughtinacatch-22situation.Theybothworkallhourstoservicethemortgage,schoolfeesandfamilyholidays.Thentheyfeelguiltyaboutneverbeingthereforthekids,andsoassuagetheirguiltbylavishingtheirchildrenwithevenmoreclothesandconsumerdurables.DetailedReadingDR-p14text14.Theideaofafamilyunitisamyth.Workingcoupleshaveverylittledisposabletimeforeachother,ortheirchildren,sowhenthekidsareyoungertheyoutsourcethemtonanniesorchildminders,andwhenthey'reolder,theyfeelguiltyandbuythemoffbyindulgingthemandneveraskinganythinginreturn.Bythetimethey'reteenagers,kidsseetheirpeergroupastheirnewfamilyandhavelittleloyaltytotheirparents.DetailedReadingDR-p15text15.Thefallouttoallthisisalreadywithus.Theanti-bullyingcharityKidscapehasidentifiedthedisturbingemergenceofspoiltmiddle-classmonsterswhomakeotherchildren'sliveshell.These"bratbullies"aretooshrewdtoengageinphysicalviolence,andinsteadtargettheirvictimsusingtextande-mail.Castingforwardafewyears,theGenerationY,aged16to27,isalsoturningouttobeatrickybunch.Havinggrownupquestioningtheirparents,theynowquestiontheiremployers,areterminallyself-absorbedandshowlittlerespect.DetailedReadingDR-p16-17text16.Arecentsurveyofemployersrevealedemployers‘despairatthelackofinterpersonalskills,evenamonggraduateswithtop-classdegrees.Graduatevacanciesremainunfilledbecauseincreasingnumbersofyoungpeopleareunabletoanswerphonespolitely,interactrespectfullywithcolleaguesorgraspthefactthattheywillhavetoperformtaskstheyconsidertobebeneaththem.17.Someyoungpeoplehavebeensopamperedtheycan'tstickatajobwhenthingsgettough.Theyhavenoexperienceofknucklingdowntohouseholdchoresandpullingtheirweight,becausetheirparentsdideverythingforthem.DetailedReadingDR-p18text18.Overindulgencetendstostartinthecradle.Thatbeingthesmartest,state-of-the-artcradlemoneycanbuy.There'sanunmistakableelementofsocialcompetitivenessand"keepingupwiththeJoneses",whenwedressouryoungchildrenincashmere,andshowerthemwithexpensivetoysandourteenagersthewhizziestgadgetsmoneycanbuy.DetailedReadingDR-p19text19.WhetherawardrobecrammedfullofArmaniBabyguaranteesadulthappinessisamootpoint.Parentsshouldn'tbetoohardonthemselves.Itisn'treallytheparents'fault.There'ssomuchpressureonthemtoensuretheirchildrensucceedinlifefromanearlyage.Theyareconstantlytoldthathoweverwellorbadlytheirchilddoesatschool,it'salldowntotheparentingtheyreceived.Astheyearsgoby,thestakesgethigher,untilthey'veinvestedsomuchinthemthatfamilyliferevolvesroundthechildren.DetailedReadingDR-p20atext20."Adultshavetotakeresponsibilityforsettingboundariesandstickingtothem,"saysAllisonMitchell."Parentscometomeindespairbecausetheirchildrenareconstantlydemandingstuffandtheadultisstrugglingwithdiscipline.We'remoreaffluentthesedayssowecangiveourkidsthingsweneverhad,butthatmeanstheyhavenoconceptofsavinguporofstrivingforanything.It'seasiertosay'yes'tothatexpensivenewmobilephoneyourchildwants,ratherthanwaitingfortheirbirthday,orsuggestingtheyearnthemoneytopayforitthemselves,DetailedReadingDR-p20btextbutIgettheparenttositdown,closetheireyesandvisualizetheconsequencesofsaying'yes'toamobile.Theycanseethatinaweek'stimeafreshdemandforsomethingelsewillcome,andtheywonderwhereitwillend."DetailedReadingDR-p21text21.Parenthoodhasbecomealifesentence.You'vemadethingssocomfortableforyourkidsthatjustwhenyouthoughtyoucouldretireandtraveltheworldandspendsomemoneyonyourself,your35-year-oldsoncomesbackandexpectsMummyandDaddytolookafterhimagain.DetailedReadingDR:p1-3AnalysisParagraphs1-3AnalysisFromparents'perspective,thistextbeginswiththedescriptionofthepamperedexistenceoftoday'schildrenwhogetwhatevertheywant.Andthen,itispointedoutthatthelovingparents,readytodoeverythingfortheirchildren,areactuallydoingmoreharmthangood.Thus,thetheme,rearingagenerationofspoiltbrats,isputforwardinthispart.DetailedReadingDR:p4-14AnalysisParagraphs4-14AnalysisInthispart,thetextanalyzesthereasonswhysomemiddle-classfamiliesspoiltheirchildren.Thispartcanbefurtherdividedintotwosections.InParagraphs4-10,itispointedoutthatwhiletheparentsareunwillingtosettoomanydisciplinesfortheirchildren,theyalsofindithardtostrikeabalancebetweenpermissionandrefusal.Paragraphs11-14areaboutthemotivatorwhichmakesparentsempathizewiththeirchildren.DetailedReadingDR:p15-18AnalysisParagraphs15-19AnalysisThispartdescribestheproblemsrelevanttoyoungasaresultofoverindulgencebyparents.Andatthesametime,itispointedoutthattheoverindulgencefromtheparentsbeginsfromcradlebecausethereisalsomuchpressureonparentsfromthesociety.DetailedReadingDR:p19-21AnalysisParagraphs20-21AnalysisThispartisaboutthereflectionbyparentsandexperts,whobelievethatitisnecessarytolayoutthegroundrulesforacceptablebehaviorofyoungsters.ThewordsarequotedfromAllisonMitchell,whothinksitiswiseforparentsnottosatisfytheunreasonabledemandsfromtheirkids.DetailedReadingDR-Questions-p1DetailedReadingParagraph1:QuestionWhatkindofpamperedexistencedochildrenoftodayenjoy?Asisdescribedinthispart,theywearclothesandaccessoriesworth£700,theyhavebettermobilephonesthantheirparents,andtheyarebusywiththeirsocialliveswithoutworryingaboutthemoneyneeded.What'smore,alltheirdemandshavetobesatisfiedimmediatelyandanyrefusalisunacceptable.DR-Questions-p3DetailedReadingParagraph3:QuestionWhatdoestheauthormeanby"pushoverparenting"?Theauthormeansthatparentswouldliketodoeverythingtheycanfortheirchildrensomuchsothatparentshateitwhenchildrenareunhappy,andrecoilwhentheyshout.Parentsfinditverydifficulttosaynototheirchildren.DR-Questions-p4DetailedReadingParagraph4:QuestionWhyaresomemiddle-classparentsspoilingtheirchildren?Becausetheywerebroughtupinaverydisciplinaryway,theydon'twanttodothesamewiththeirchildren,buttheyfindithardtostrikeabalancebetweensayingyesandsayingno.DR-Questions-p6DetailedReadingParagraph6:QuestionWhywasthefather,Gary,soangrywithhisson?Becausethefatherfindsthat,despitethefactthathegiveshissonwhateverhedemands,hissondoesn'teventakeaglanceathim,whenheisbackhomefromwork,toshowhimthebasicpoliteness,letalonegivebackthearmchairhewants.DR-Questions-p8-10DetailedReadingParagraphs8-10:QuestionWhatdoestheauthormeanwhenshesaysthatself-sacrificehasalwaysbeenpartandparcelofparenthood?AccordingtowhatismentionedinParagraphs8-10,parents,inordertomaketheirchildrenkeepupwithotherclassmates'costlyexpenditureandactivities,choosetoworkveryhardandliveaneconomicallifethemselves,andeventakeperverseprideinit.DR-Questions-p12DetailedReadingParagraphs12:QuestionWhatisthereasonwhyparentsfinditveryhardtosaynototheirchildren?Parentsencouragethechildrentohavetheirownopinionswhentheyareyoung,andendupwithself-centeredchildrenwithdefinitewills.Parentsaregenerallyempathizingwiththechildren,whichmakesiteasyforthemtofeelthepainoftheirchildrenand,therefore,hardtorefusetheirdemands.DR-Questions-p13DetailedReadingParagraph13:QuestionWhydoestheauthorsaydual-incomecouplesarecaughtinacatch-22situation?Becausewhilethedual-incomeparentshavetoworkallhourstopayforthemortgage,schoolfeesandfamilyholidays,theyfeelguiltyfortheyhavenotimetostaytogetherwiththeirchildren;what'smore,inordertobalancethis,theytrytosatisfyeveryneedoftheirchildren.DR-Questions-p15-17aDetailedReadingParagraphs15-17:QuestionGivesomeexamplestoprovethesentence"Thefallouttoallthisisalreadywithus."Asoneexample,theanti-bullyingKidscapehasfoundthatspoiltmiddle-classchildren,withtheirtroublesomebehavior,aredisturbingotherchildren'slives.Asanotherexample,asisshownbyarecentsurvey,leadingemployersfeeldespairatthelackofinterpersonalskillsevenamongthosegraduateswithtop-classdegreesbecausemoreandmoreyoungmenoftodayturnouttolackthehabitofpolitenessincommunication.DR-Questions-p15-17bDetailedReadingAsstillanotherexample,someyoungpeoplecannotstickatajobwhenthingsbecomedifficultforthem,andsomecannotevendodailyhouseholdchoresbythemselves.DR-Questions-p19DetailedReadingParagraph19:QuestionWhydoestheauthorsaythatparentsshouldn'tbetoohardonthemselvesanditisn'treallyparents'fault?Sincethereissomuchpressureonparentstoensuretheirchildren'ssuccesswhentheyarestillyoung,andparentsareoftentoldthattheirparentingwilldecidetheirchildren'sfuture,parentsendupspendingagreatdealofmoneyonthem.DR-Questions-p20DetailedReadingParagraph20:QuestionWhydoadultshavetotakeresponsibilityforsettingboundariesandstickingtothem?Ifparentsindulgethem,childrenwon'thaveanyconceptofsavinguporofstrivingforanything.Nomatterhowparentstrytosatisfytheirchildren'sdemands,there'snoendinthedemandsfornewerandfinerthings.Therefore,it'stheadults'obligationtolaydowntheboundariesandpersistincarryingthemoutsothattheycouldpossiblyavoidtheunendingrequests.DR-Questions-p21DetailedReadingParagraph21:QuestionWhydosomepeoplesaythatparenthoodhasbecomealifesentence?Becauseparentswillfindthat,aftertheymakealltheireffortstogivecomfortablelivestotheirchildrenandpreparetoenjoyrelaxationintheirretirement,theirgrown-upchildrenwouldcomebackandexpectanotherroundofrearing.LPT-theykitthemselvesoutdailyinclothesandDetailedReading“Theykitthemselvesoutdailyinclothesandaccessoriesworth700pounds.”ParaphraseWhentheygoouteveryday,theywearclothesplusflashypiecesofdecorationamountingto700pounds.LPT-kitoutDetailedReadingkitout:(oftenpassive)tosupplysb.orsth.withnecessarythings,esp.clothese.g.Nowadaysyoungpeopletendtokitthemselvesoutwithup-to-dateelectronicdevicessuchasiPhonesandiPads.Themountaineerswerekittedoutwiththelatestgearforhigh-altitudeclimbing.LPT-accessoryDetailedReadingaccessoryn.(usu.pl.)sth.thatisnotanecessarypartofsth.largerbutmakesitmorebeautiful,useful,effective,etc.e.g.Letmetellyouthatmybrotherspenttwiceasmuchmoneyontheaccessoriesashiscaritself.LPT-anddemandtheydowhetheritbethelatestDetailedReading“Anddemandtheydo:whetheritbethelatestjeansoracomputerupgrade,instantgratificationisthebyword,andrefusalisnotanoption.”ParaphraseAndthechildrenreallymakedemandstotheirparents,suchastheup-to-datefashionsorthenewestelectronicproduct,whichhavetobesatisfiedassoonaspossible,andanydisagreementfromparentswouldbeunacceptable.LPT-upgradeDetailedReadingupgraden.ahighermodelofsth.;ahigherpositione.g.Ifyoudon'twanttobuyanewcomputerrightnow,you'dbetter,atleast,giveahardwareupgradetoyours.Theupgrademeans$500amonthinmysalary.LPT-gratificationDetailedReadinggratificationn.theactoraninstanceofsatisfyinge.g.Hehadthegratificationofknowingthathehaddonehisbest.Mostmenliveonlyforthegratificationoftheirdesire.LPT-bywordDetailedReadingbywordn.acondensedbutmemorablesayingembodyingsomeimportantfactofexperiencethatistakenastruebymanypeoplee.g.Cautionbecomesabywordforinvestors.Thegeneral'snamehadbecomeabywordforcrueltyinwar.LPT-welcometothepamperedexistenceoftodayDetailedReading“Welcometothepamperedexistenceoftoday'schildren,aplacewherepesterpowerrulesandparentsaremilkedlikecashcows.”ParaphraseHereisaworldofexcessivelydoted-uponchildren,whereparents,harassedbytheirchildren'sconstantdemandsforonepurchaseafteranother,serveasATMemittingmoney.LPT-thepamperedexistenceoftoday'schildrenDetailedReading“thepamperedexistenceoftoday'schildren”Paraphrasethepresent-daychildren'slifethatfullyrevealsoverindulgenceLPT-pesterpowerDetailedReadingpesterpower:children'sbehaviorinanannoyingmannertowardsparentsbydoingoraskingforsth.repeatedlyNote:Thewordpesterisactuallyaverb,whichisusedasapre-modifyingnoun,though,makingupaphraseandrevealingthespoiltbratstonagattheirparentsforup-datedthingsalmosteveryday.LPT-parentsaremilkedlikecashcows“parentsaremilkedlikecashcows”Intheeyesofthechildren,ifnotallbutatleastsome,theirfathersandmothersaremerelycashmachines.Thisclauseisobviouslyasimile.DetailedRead