关于管制缓刑假释剥夺政治权利的解释

关于管制缓刑假释剥夺政治权利的解释 romoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone "unspoken rules", formed all law law, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as well 第一章 管 制 相关法条 刑法第三十八条 【管制的期限与执行机关】管制的期限，为三个月以上二年以下。 被判处管制的犯罪分子，由公安机关执行。 刑法第三十九条 【被管制罪犯的义务与权利】 被判处管制的犯罪分子，在执行期间，应当遵守下列规定: (一)遵守法律、行政法规，服从监督; (二)未经执行机关批准，不得行使言论、出版、集会、结社、游行、示威自由的权利; (三)按照执行机关规定自己的活动情况; (四)遵守执行机关关于会客的规定; (五)离开所居住的市、县或者迁居，应当报经执行机关批准。 对于被判处管制的犯罪分子，在劳动中应当同工同酬。 刑法第四十条 【管制期满解除】 被判处管制的犯罪分子，管制期满，执行机关应即向本人和其所在单位或者居住地的群众宣布解除管制。 刑法第四十一条 【管制刑期的计算和折抵】 管制的刑期,从判决执行之日起计算;判决执行以前先行羁押的,羁押一日折抵刑期二日。 管制理论 管制是对罪犯不予关押，但限制其一定自由，由公安机关执行和群众监督改造的刑罚方法。管制可谓是我国特有的一种轻刑，它具有以下特点与内容: 1)不予关押即不剥夺犯罪人的人身自由。这种不剥夺自由性与执行的开放性，可以避免短期自由刑的固有弊害。将罪犯仍然留在原来的工作单位或居住地工作或劳动，得以保持正常的工作与生活，继续履行社会义务，有利于罪犯的改造与社会的稳定。 2、限制犯罪人的一定自由，故管制不同于免予刑罚处罚。根据刑法第39条规定，限制自由的内容是:遵守法律、行政法规，服从监督;未经执行机关批准，不得行使言论、出版、集会、结社、游行、示威自由的权利;按照执行机关规定报告自己的活动情况;遵守执行机关关于会客的规定;离开所居住的市、县或者迁居，应当报经执行机关批准。但是，对犯罪人的劳动报酬不得进行限制，即对于被判处管制的犯罪分子，在劳动中应当同工同酬。 3、具有一定期限，即不得对犯罪人进行无限期的管制。根据刑法第38条、第40条与第41条的规定，管制的期限为3个月以上2年以下，数罪并罚时不得超过3年。管制的刑期从羁押1日折抵刑期2日。如果管制刑期满，执行机关应即向本人和其所在单位或者居住地的群众宣布解除管制。 4、由公安机关执行和群众监督改造。管制固然由公安机关执行，但由于是一种开放性刑罚方法，故离不开群众的监督。刑法第39条所规定的“服从监督”，实际上也是指服从群众监督。可见管制是我国专门机关与群众相结合的司法路线经验的创造性产物。 第二章 剥夺政治权利 相关法条 刑法第五十四条 【剥夺政治权利的含义】 剥夺政治权利是剥夺下列权利: (一)选举权和被选举权; (二)言论、出版集会、结社、游行、示威自由的权利; (三)担任国家机关职务的权利; (四)担任国有公司、企业、事业单位和人民团体领导职务的权利。 刑法第五十五条 【剥夺政治权利的期限】 剥夺政治权利的期限，除本法第五十七条规定romoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone "unspoken rules", formed all law law, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as well romoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone "unspoken rules", formed all law law, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as well 外，为一年以上五年以下。 判处管制附加剥夺政治权利的，剥夺政治权利的期限与管制的期限相等，同时执行。 刑法第五十六条 【剥夺政治权利的附加、独立适用】 对于危害国家安全的犯罪分子应当附加剥夺政治权利;对于故意杀人、强奸、放火、爆炸、投毒、抢劫等严破坏社会秩序的犯罪分子，可以附加剥夺政治权利。 独立适用剥夺政治权利的，依照本法分则的规定。 刑法第五十七条 【对死刑、无期徒刑犯罪剥夺政治权利的适用】对于被判处死刑、无期徒刑的犯罪分子，应当剥夺政治权利终生。 在死刑缓刑期执行减为有期徒刑或者无期徒刑减为有期徒刑的时候，应当把附加剥夺政治权利的期限改为3年以上10年以下。 刑法第五十八条 【剥夺政治权利的刑期计算、效力与执行】附加剥夺政治权利的刑期，从徒刑、拘役执行完毕之日或者从假释之日起计算;剥夺政治权利的效力当然施用于主刑执行期间。 被剥夺政治权利的犯罪分子，在执行期间，应当遵守法律、行政法规和国务院公安部门有关监督管理的规定，服从监督;不得行使本法第五十四条规定的各项权利。 剥夺政治权利理论 (1)剥夺政治权利的概念 剥夺政治权利,是指剥夺犯罪人参加管理国家和政治活动的权利的刑罚方法。根据刑法第54条规定，剥夺政治权利是剥夺下列权利:一是选举权与被选举权;二是言论、出版、集会、结社、游行、示威自由的权利;三是担任国家机关职务的权利;四是担任国有公司、企业、事业单位和人民团体领导职务的权利。剥夺政治权利不是只剥夺上述权利的一部分，而是同时剥夺上述四项权利。被剥夺政治权利的犯罪人，在执行期间，应当遵守法律、行政法规和国务院公安部门有关监督的规定，服从监督，不得行使上述四项权利。 (2)剥夺政治权利的适用对象 剥夺政治权利的适用对象比较广泛既适用于严重犯罪，也适用于较轻犯罪;既适用于危害国家安全的犯罪，也适用于普通刑事犯罪。在实践中，剥夺政治权利也是适用较多的附加刑。在适用方式上，剥夺政治权利既可以附加适用，也可以独立适用。 1)剥夺政治权利附加适用于严重犯罪的，由刑法总则规定。具体分为两种情况: (1)应当附加剥夺政治权利。在这种情况下，人民法院没有裁定的余地，必须依法剥夺政治权利。根据刑法第56、57条的规定，对下列两类犯罪人应附加剥夺政治权利:第一，对于危害国家安全的犯罪分子应当附加剥夺政治权利。这是从犯罪性质确定剥夺政治权利的使用对象，故不管对其判处的主刑种类。第二，对于被判处死刑、无期徒刑的犯罪分子，应当附加剥夺政治权利终身。这是从主刑种类上确定剥夺政治权利的适用对象，故不管其犯罪的性质与类型。对这类犯罪人规定应当附加剥夺政治权利，既是对他们政治上的否定评价，又可以防止他们被特赦或假释后利用政治权利再犯罪，还有利于处理与他们有关的某些民事法律关系。 (2)可以附加剥夺政治权利。在这种情况下，是否附加剥夺政治权利，由人民法院具体裁量。刑法第56条规定，对于故意杀人、强奸、放火、爆炸、投毒(即投放危险物质——引者注)、抢劫等严重破坏社会主义秩序的犯罪分子，可以附加剥夺政治权利。据此，除了对该条列举的犯罪人以外，对其他严重破坏社会秩序的犯罪人，也可以附加剥夺政治权利。例如，对于故意伤害、盗窃等严重破坏社会秩序的犯罪，犯罪分子主观恶性较深、犯罪情节恶劣、罪行严重的，也可以附加剥夺政治权利。 2、剥夺政治权利独立适用于罪质较轻的犯罪或罪质严重但情节较轻的犯罪的，由刑法分则规定。如果刑法分则没有规定独立适用剥夺政治权利,就不得予以适用。刑法分则主要对危as dispute resolution mechanisms, implement fully the petitioners ' cases "third-party" hearings and supervising system of letters and calls, and to resolve the involved law lawsuit into the orbit of rule of law, vexatious, Twining visit visit, disturbing social order and other malicious extortion, resolutely crack down. Five, improving cadres Vitale, provide strong protection for forest development XI General Secretary stressed that the comprehensive revitalization in Northeast China, needs a high quality, solid style, cadres of the dare to play. Cadre cadres is a pledge, should want to do work and able to do good, enthusiasm is paramount. Treat party cadres, it is necessary to Strict management, and warm care, enable the broad masses of cadres work hard work, this is two parallel principles. In strict accordance with the standards of good cadres selection and appointment, the real officers, dare officers, those who want to play, good as excellent cadres at all levels of leadership in the past. At present, some leading cadres work initiative is not high, beyond political, idle, lazy governance governance, not as, slow, messy and a phenomenon still exist to varying degrees, affected and restricted economic and social development. We must mobilize the enthusiasm of cadres as an urgent task, adhere to combination of incentives and constraints, and adhere to the strict management and warm care, practical solution "for the officers not to" problem, motivate cadres and better lead the masses to an undertaking, the cadres and create the new achievement in a dare to play, good at shows as new. To identify the problem, accurate pulse. All things reflected all cadres "for the officers not to" there are 3 main romoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone "unspoken rules", formed all law law, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as well 害国家安全罪、侵害公民人身权利、民主权利罪、妨害社会管理秩序罪、危害国防利益罪等几种类型的犯罪规定了可以选择判处剥夺政治权利。 (三)剥夺政治权利的期限 剥夺政治权利的期限分为以下四种情况:(1)对于判处死刑、无期徒刑的犯罪分子，应当剥夺政治权利终身。(2)在死刑缓期执行减为有期徒刑或者无期徒刑减为有期徒刑的时候，应当把附加剥夺政治权利的期限改为3年以上10年以下。(3)独立适用或者判处有期徒刑、拘役附加适用剥夺政治权利的期限，为1年以上5年以下。(4)判处管制附加剥夺政治权利的期限与管制的期限相等。 剥夺政治权利的刑期起算与执行分为以下几种情况:(1)被判处管制附加剥夺政治权利的刑期，与管制的刑期同时起算、同时执行。(2)独立适用剥夺政治权利的，按照执行的一般原则，从判决执行之日起计算并执行。(3)判处有期徒刑、拘役附加剥夺政治权利的刑期，以及死缓、无期徒刑减为有期徒刑附加剥夺政治权利的刑期，从徒刑、拘役执行完毕之日起或者从假释之日起开始计算;剥夺政治权利的效力当然施用于主刑执行期间，既对于这类犯罪人，在有期徒刑、拘役执行期间，当然剥夺政治权利。被判处有期徒刑、拘役、管制而没有附加剥夺政治权利的犯罪人、在执行期间仍然享有政治权利。(4)判处死刑、无期徒刑因剥夺政治权利终身的，从主刑执行之日起开始执行剥夺政治权利。 除剥夺政治权利终身的以外，剥夺政治权利的期限届满时，应宣布恢复政治权利，恢复政治权利以后，便享有法律赋予的政治权利。 第三章 缓 刑 相关法条 刑法第七十二条 【适用条件】对于被判处拘役、3年以下有期徒刑的犯罪分子，根据犯罪分子的犯罪情节和悔罪现，适用缓刑确实不致再危害社会的，可以宣告缓刑。 被宣告缓刑的犯罪分子，如果被判处附加刑，附加刑仍须执行。 刑法第七十三条 【考验期限】拘役的缓刑考验期限为原判刑期以上1年以下，但是不能少于2个月。 有期徒刑的缓刑考验期为原判刑刑期以上5年以下，但是不能少于1年。 缓刑考验期限，从判决确定之日起计算。 刑法第七十四条 【累犯不适用缓刑】对于累犯，不适用缓刑。 刑法第七十五条 【缓刑犯应遵守的规定】被宣告缓刑的犯罪分子，应当遵守下列规定: (一)遵守法律、行政法规，服从监督; (二)按照考察机关的规定报告自己的活动情况; (三)遵守考察机关关于会客的规定; (四)离开所居住的市、县或者迁居，应当报经考察机关批准。 刑法第七十六条 【缓刑的考验及其积极后果】被宣告缓刑的犯罪分子，在缓刑考验期限内，由公安机关考察，所在单位或者基层组织予以配合，如果没有本法第七十七条规定的情形，缓刑考验期满，原判的刑罚就不再执行，并公开予以宣告。 刑法第七十七条 【缓刑的撤销及其处理】被宣告缓刑的犯罪分子，在缓刑考验期限内犯新罪或者发现判决宣告以前还有其他罪没有判决的，应当撤销缓刑，对新犯的罪或者新发现的罪作出判决，把前罪和后罪所判处的刑罚，依照本法第六十九条的规定，决定执行的刑罚。 被宣告缓刑的犯罪，在缓刑期限内，违反法律、行政法规或者国务院公安部门有关缓刑的监督，情节严重的，应当撤销缓刑，执行原判刑罚。 缓刑理论 s of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as wellvitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channel socialts and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating ace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate righw, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening pe-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone "unspoken rules", formed all law la-o find method, probleming tcarry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, fail e continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture,level governance according to law, promote thWe want to actively promote the field of multi abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems.-l order in General, but there are lawromoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good socia 3 romoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone "unspoken rules", formed all law law, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as well (一)缓刑的概念 在我国，缓刑是指对于被判处拘役、3年以下有期徒刑的犯罪人,根据其犯罪情节和悔罪表现,如果暂缓执行刑罚确实不致再危害社会,就规定一定的考验期,暂缓刑罚的执行;在考验期内,如果遵守一定条件,原判刑罚就不再执行一项。简言之，缓刑是有条件地不执行判决的刑罚。其特点是:既判处一定刑罚，又暂不执行，但在一定期间保留执行的可能性。缓刑不是一种独立刑种。从裁量是否执行所判刑罚的意义上说，缓刑是一种量刑制度;从刑罚执行的意义上说，缓刑也是一种刑罚执行制度。 缓刑不同于死刑缓刑执行。二者虽然都是有条件地不执行原判刑罚，都不是独立的刑种，但在适用对象、执行方法、考验期限和法律后果等方面存在本质区别:(1)缓刑适用于被判处拘役或者3年以下有期徒刑的犯罪人;死缓适用于应当判处死刑但不是必须立即执行的犯罪人。(2)对于宣告缓刑的犯罪人不予关押;对于宣告死刑的犯罪人必须予以监禁，并强迫劳动改造，以观后效。(3)缓刑依所判处的刑种与刑期不同而不同的法定考验期限;死缓的考验期为2年。(4)缓刑的后果要么是原判刑罚不再执行，要么是执行原判刑罚乃至数罪并罚;死缓的后果根据情况既可能是减为无期徒刑或有期徒刑，也可能是执行死刑。 缓刑与对军人的“战时缓刑”具有区别。刑法第449条规定:在战时，对被判处3年以下有期徒刑没有现实危险宣告缓刑的犯罪军人，允许其戴罪立功，确有立功表现时，可以撤销原判刑罚，不以犯罪论处。不难看出，战时缓刑虽然可谓一种特殊缓刑，但是实际上是刑事责任消灭的一种特殊方式。缓刑与战时缓刑在适用的时间、适用的条件、考验的内容、法律后果等方面存在相当明显的区别。 (二)缓刑的适用条件 根据刑法第72条、第74条的规定，适用缓刑必须符合以下条件: 1(缓刑只适用于被判处拘役或者3年以下有期徒刑的犯罪人。对此应理解为:(1)这里所说的被判处拘役或者3年以下有期徒刑，是就宣告刑而言，而不是指法定刑;即使法定最低刑高于3年有期徒刑，但因具有减轻处罚情节而判处3年以下有期徒刑的，也可能适用缓刑;基于同样的理由，如果所判处的刑罚高于3年有期徒刑，就不能适用缓刑。(2)对被判处管制或者单处附加刑都不存在剥夺人身自由的问题，适用缓刑没有实际意义。(3)如果一人犯数罪，实际数罪并罚后，决定执行的刑罚为3年以下有期徒刑或者拘役的，也可以适用缓刑。 2(根据犯罪人的犯罪情节和悔罪表现，适用缓刑确实不致再危害社会。并非对被判处拘役或者3年以下有期徒刑的犯罪人都可以适用缓刑，适用缓刑的实质条件是，暂不执行所判刑罚，犯罪人也确实不致再危害社会的根据，是犯罪人的犯罪情节和悔罪表现。这里的犯罪情节，是一个综合性概念，既包括客观方面的情节，也包括主观方面的情节;既包括案中情节，也包括案外情节。总的来说。情节较轻的，才能适用缓刑。悔罪表现，是指犯罪后有悔恨自己罪行的表现，如犯罪后积极退脏，在羁押期间遵守监管法规、坦白交代罪行，在审判过程中深挖犯罪的思想根源，等等。 3(必须不是累犯。换言之，对于累犯，不适用缓刑。因为累犯是在执行一定刑罚之后再次犯罪，说明其人身危害性严重，难以改造;如果不执行所判处的刑罚，他们再次犯罪的可能性更大，故对累犯不能适用缓刑。 (三)缓刑的考验期限与考察 缓刑的考验期限，是指对被宣告缓刑的犯罪人进行考察的一定期限。缓刑是对所判处的刑罚有条件的不执行，为了考验犯罪人是否遵守这种条件，就要在决定缓刑的同时，确定一个对犯罪人进行考验的期限，这便是缓刑的考验期限。 根据刑法第73条的规定，拘役的缓刑考验期限为原判刑期以上1年以下，但是不能少于2个月;有期徒刑的缓刑考验期限为原判刑期以上5年以下，但是不能少于1年。可见，缓刑考验期限不得短于原判刑期,可以等于或者长于原判刑期。(1)拘役的考验期限最低不能少于as dispute resolution mechanisms, implement fully the petitioners ' cases "third-party" hearings and supervising system of letters and calls, and to resolve the involved law lawsuit into the orbit of rule of law, vexatious, Twining visit visit, disturbing social order and other malicious extortion, resolutely crack down. Five, improving cadres Vitale, provide strong protection for forest development XI General Secretary stressed that the comprehensive revitalization in Northeast China, needs a high quality, solid style, cadres of the dare to play. Cadre cadres is a pledge, should want to do work and able to do good, enthusiasm is paramount. Treat party cadres, it is necessary to Strict management, and warm care, enable the broad masses of cadres work hard work, this is two parallel principles. In strict accordance with the standards of good cadres selection and appointment, the real officers, dare officers, those who want to play, good as excellent cadres at all levels of leadership in the past. At present, some leading cadres work initiative is not high, beyond political, idle, lazy governance governance, not as, slow, messy and a phenomenon still exist to varying degrees, affected and restricted economic and social development. We must mobilize the enthusiasm of cadres as an urgent task, adhere to combination of incentives and constraints, and adhere to the strict management and warm care, practical solution "for the officers not to" problem, motivate cadres and better lead the masses to an undertaking, the cadres and create the new achievement in a dare to play, good at shows as new. To identify the problem, accurate pulse. All things reflected all cadres "for the officers not to" there are 3 main romoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone "unspoken rules", formed all law law, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as well 2个月，最长不得超过1年，有期徒刑的缓刑考验期限最低不能少于1年，最高不能超过5年，在此范围内，缓刑考验期等于或者长于原判刑罚。(2)必须注意原判刑期与缓刑考验期限大比例关系，一般来说，考验期限应适当长于原判刑期。例如，对于被判处1年有期徒刑的犯罪人宣告缓刑考验期限为5年，对于被判处3年有期徒刑的犯罪人宣告缓刑考验期限为3年，虽然也是合法的，但不太合适。(3)缓刑的考验期限，从判决确定之日起计算。判决确定以前先行羁押的，不能折抵考验期限。因为缓刑考验期限不是刑罚执行期限;规定考验期限是为了考察犯罪人在此期限内是否遵守一定条件，如果将羁押日期折抵考验期限，就失去了规定考验期限的意义;先前的羁押期实际上是人民法院考察犯罪人有无悔罪表现，从而决定是否宣告缓刑的日期，不能折抵考验期限。 给宣告缓刑的犯罪人规定一定的考验期限，是为了对他进行考察;没有必要的考察，缓刑就难以起到应有的作用。根据刑法第76条的规定，被宣告缓刑的犯罪人，在缓刑考验期内，由公安机关考察，所在单位或者基层组织予以配合。考察的范围比较广，包括了解犯罪人的改造情况，督促其遵纪守法，预防其重新犯罪，等等。考察的方法没有限制，但既不能放任不管，也不能将考察变成管制。 根据刑法第75条的规定，被宣告缓刑的犯罪人，应当遵守下列规定:(1)遵守法律、行政法规，服从监督;(2)按照考察机关的规定报告自己的活动情况;(3)遵守考察机关关于会客的规定;(4)离开所居住的市、县或者迁居，应当报经考察机关批准。 此外，根据刑法第72条第2款的规定，被宣告缓刑的犯罪人，如果被判处附加刑的，附加刑仍须执行。这说明，缓刑的效力不及于附加刑。 (四)缓刑考验期满与缓刑的撤消 缓刑考验期满,是指犯罪人在缓刑考验期内,没有犯新罪,没有发现判决宣告以前还有其他罪没有判决,没有情节严重的违反有关缓刑的监督管理规定的行为,并且经过了考验期限。根据刑法第76条的规定，被宣告缓刑的犯罪人，如果没有上述三种情形，缓刑考验期满，原判的刑罚就不再执行，并公开予以宣告。“原判的刑罚就不再执行”，是指原判决的有罪宣告仍然有效，原判的刑罚也没有错误，但由于犯罪人在考验期内符合法定条件原判决宣告的刑罚不再执行。 缓刑的撤销，是指由于犯罪人在缓刑考验期内，没有遵守法定条件，而将原判决宣告的缓刑予以撤销，使犯罪人执行原判刑罚。缓刑的撤销包括两种情况。 一是被宣告缓刑的犯罪人，在缓刑考验期内犯新罪，或者发现判决宣告以前还有其他罪没有判决的，应当撤销缓刑，将新犯的罪或者新发现的罪作出判决，把前罪和后罪所判处的刑罚，依照刑法第69条的规定，决定执行的刑罚。如果原判决宣告以前先行羁押的，羁押日期应当折抵刑期。需要说明的是，只要是在缓刑考验期内犯新罪，也应当撤销缓刑。 二是被宣告缓刑的犯罪人，在缓刑考验期内，违反法律、行政法规或者国务院公安部门有关监督管理规定，情节严重的，应当撤销缓刑，执行原判刑罚。在这种情况下撤销缓刑，不存在数罪并罚的问题。原判决宣告以前先行羁押的，应当折抵刑期。这种缓刑的撤销，并不是以被宣告缓刑的犯罪人在缓刑考验期内,违反法律、行政法规或者国务院公安部门有关缓刑的监督管理规定为充足条件;换言之，只有具有上述违反行为，并且情节严重的，才应当撤销缓刑。另外，其中的“违反法律”，不包括违反刑法如果违反刑法，则是上述第一类缓刑的撤销，应当实行并罚，而不只是执行原判刑罚的问题。 s of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as wellvitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channel socialts and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating ace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate righw, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening pe-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone "unspoken rules", formed all law la-o find method, probleming tcarry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, fail e continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture,level governance according to law, promote thWe want to actively promote the field of multi abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems.-l order in General, but there are lawromoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good socia 5