依诺沙星胶囊（Enoxacin Capsules）

依诺沙星胶囊（Enoxacin Capsules） 依诺沙星胶囊(Enoxacin Capsules) 依诺沙星胶囊(依诺沙星胶囊) 本品主要成份为:依诺沙星。其化学名称为:1乙基- 6 -氟-1,4-二氢- 4 -氧代- 7 -(1 -哌嗪基)-1,8-萘啶- 3 -羧酸倍半水合物。 【性状】 【药理毒理】 本品具广谱抗菌作用，尤其对需氧革兰阴性杆菌抗菌活性高，对下列细菌在体外具良好抗菌作用:肠杆菌科的大部分细菌，包括枸橼酸杆菌属、阴沟、产气肠杆菌等肠杆菌属、大肠埃希菌、克雷伯菌属、变形杆菌属、沙门菌属、志贺菌属、弧菌属、耶尔森菌等。常对多重耐药菌也具有抗菌活性。对青霉素耐药的淋病奈瑟菌、产酶流感嗜血杆菌和莫拉菌属均具有高度抗菌活性。对铜绿假单胞菌等假单胞菌属的大多数菌株具抗菌作用。本品对甲氧西林敏感葡萄球菌具抗菌活性，对肺炎链球菌、溶血性链球菌和粪肠球菌仅具中等抗菌活性。对沙眼衣原体、支原体、军团菌具良好抗微生物作用，对结核杆菌和非典型分枝杆菌也有抗菌活性。对厌氧菌的抗菌活性差。 依诺沙星为杀菌剂，通过作用于细菌DNA螺旋酶的一亚单位，抑制DNA的合成和复制而导致细菌死亡。 【药代动力学】 口服后吸收完全，相对生物利用度约为90%。单剂量给药后血药达峰时间(Tmax)约为1,3小时。血消除半衰期(T1,2B)约为3.3,5.8小时，蛋白结合率为18%,57%。 本品吸收后广泛分布至各组织、体液，组织中的浓度常超过血药浓度 而达有效水平。 本品主要自肾排泄，48小时内给药量的52%,60%以原形自尿中排出，一部分(20%)在体内代谢胆汁排泄越18%。 【适应症】 适用于由敏感菌引起的: 1。泌尿生殖系统感染，包括单纯性、复杂性尿路感染、细菌性前列腺炎、淋病奈瑟菌尿道炎或宫颈炎(包括产酶株所致者)。 2。呼吸道感染，包括敏感革兰阴性杆菌所致支气管感染急性发作及肺部感染。 3。胃肠道感染，由志贺菌属、沙门菌属、产肠毒素大肠杆菌、亲水气单胞菌、副溶血弧菌等所致。 4。伤寒。 5。骨和关节感染。 6。皮肤软组织感染。 7。败血症等全身感染。 【用法用量】 口服。成人常用量: 1。支气管感染:一次0.3,0.4g，一日2次，疗程7,14日。 2。急性单纯性下尿路感染:一次0.2g，一日2次，疗程5,7日;复杂性尿路感染:一次0.4g，一日2次，疗程10,14日。 3。单纯性淋病奈瑟菌性尿道炎:一次0.4g，单剂量。 4。肠道感染:一次0.2g，一日2次，疗程5,7日。 5。伤寒:一次0.4g，一日2次，疗程10,14日。 【不良反应】 1。胃肠道反应较为常见，可现为腹部不适或疼痛、腹泻、恶心或呕吐。 2。中枢神经系统反应可有头昏、头痛、嗜睡或失眠。 3。过敏反应:皮疹、皮肤瘙痒，偶可发生渗出性多形性红斑及血管神经性水肿。少数患者有光敏反应。 4。偶可发生: (1)癫痫发作、精神异常、烦躁不安、意识混乱、幻觉、震颤。 (2)血尿、发热、皮疹等间质性肾炎表现。 (3)静脉炎。 (4)结晶尿，多见于高剂量应用时。 (5)关节疼痛。 (6)面部潮红、心悸、胸闷。 5。 A small number of patients may have elevated serum aminotransferase levels, increased blood urea nitrogen levels, and peripheral hemogram and white blood cells, most of which are mild and transient. [taboo] Patients who are allergic to this product and fluoroquinolones and who lack glucose and -6- phosphate dehydrogenase are prohibited. [matters needing attention] 1. and food with the service may affect the oral absorption of this drug, should take an empty stomach or at least 1 hours before meals, after meals at least 2 hours to take this product. A decrease in gastric acid may also reduce the oral absorption of the product. 2. because of the resistance of Escherichia coli to fluoroquinolones, it is necessary to take the urine culture samples before the administration, and adjust the medication according to the bacterial susceptibility test. 3., this product high dose application or urine pH value more than 7, can produce crystalline urine. In order to avoid the occurrence of crystalline urine, it is better to drink more water and keep the volume of urination for more than 24 hours for 1200ml hours. 4. patients with kidney failure need to adjust the dosage according to the renal function. 5., fluoroquinolones can cause moderate to severe photosensitivity reactions. Avoid excessive exposure to the sun when applying this product. If a photosensitive reaction occurs, the drug must be discontinued. 6. liver dysfunction, such as severe (cirrhosis) can reduce drug clearance, blood drug concentration, liver and renal function were impaired obviously, are required to balance application, and adjust the dose. 7. of the original central nervous system disease, such as epilepsy and epilepsy patients should avoid application, there are indications carefully weigh the pros and cons after application. [pregnant women and lactating women] Animal experiments have not proved that quinolones have teratogenic effects, but there is no clear conclusion about the study of the use of drugs in pregnant women. In view of this drug may cause minor joint disease, it is forbidden for pregnant women. Lactating women should be kept breast-feeding when using this product. [children medication] The safety of this product in adolescents and children under 18 years of age has not been determined. But when used in several young animals, it can cause joint diseases. Therefore, it should not be used for children and adolescents under 18 years of age. [medication for elderly patients] Elderly patients often suffer from kidney failure, because this product is partly excreted by the kidney and needs to be cut down. [drug interaction] 1., urine alkaline agent can reduce the solubility of this product in urine, lead to crystallization, urine and kidney toxicity. 2. products in combination with theophylline class of cytochrome P450 may be due to competitive inhibition of binding site, leading to hepatic elimination of theophylline class significantly reduced blood elimination half-life (t1/2b) prolonged, elevated plasma concentrations of theophylline appear poisoning symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, restlessness, tremors, convulsions, palpitations, excitement that should be avoided, can not be avoided should be measured theophylline serum concentration and dose adjustment. 3. when cyclosporine is used in combination with this drug, its blood concentration is elevated. Blood concentration of cyclosporine must be monitored and dose adjusted. 4., this product and anticoagulant warfarin can increase the anticoagulant effect, so it should avoid the combination of the two. When not avoided, the prothrombin time should be closely monitored and the dosage adjusted. 5. probenecid can reduce the renal tubular secretion of the product from about 50%, the combination of blood products due to the higher concentration of toxic. 6., this product interferes with the metabolism of caffeine, resulting in caffeine elimination, reduction, blood elimination half-life (t1/2b) extension, and may produce central nervous system toxicity, it should avoid the combination of the two. Should not be avoided, should closely monitor the patient's caffeine concentration and adjust the dose. 7., aluminum and magnesium acid drugs can reduce the oral absorption of this product, should not be applicable. 8. this product with a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Fenbufen combination, occasional convulsions, and therefore should not be combined with fenbufen. [drug overdose] [specifications] (1) 0.1g (2) 0.2g [YNSXJN] The previous page, the last page, the front page