冷冻鱿鱼干的加工技术

冷冻鱿鱼干的加工技术 鱿鱼作为一种海鲜，与燕窝、鱼翅同列为“八珍”，它富含钙、磷、铁等元素，对骨骼发育和造血都十分有益。中医还认为，鱿鱼有滋阴养胃、补虚润肤的功能。 在我国沿海的鱿鱼产地，鱿鱼的加工产品一直兴盛不绝，像鱿鱼圈，鱿鱼丝，鱿鱼柳等，都很受欢迎。 近两年来，在我国北方沿海，刚刚兴起的一种较为新式的加工，那就是冷冻鱿鱼干。这种加工技术的核心主要是对新鲜鱿鱼进行冷冻处理，当地人习惯称做冻干， 它在加工过程中不加入任何化学添加剂，保证了鱿鱼的营养和鲜美。冷冻鱿鱼干可以直接用作食材，烹饪美味菜肴，也可以再加工成系列产品，比如水煮串、油炸串、铁扒串等等，近两年来，除了供应国内市场外，冷冻鱿鱼干的出口份额也在逐年提高，具有很好的市场前景。 现在我们就去看看这种鱿鱼干是如何生产出来的。 原料获取(不读): 首先要获取原料，为了避过禁捕期，捕捞鱿鱼的时间一般都安排在每年的6月前或9月后。 目前较为流行的捕捞方法为钓钩法，就是用钓钩钓鱿鱼。 当钓钩伸到水下100-200米的时候，此时能见度已比较低，纺锤形的吊棒是用特殊制作的，在水下就会发出萤光，鱿鱼看到萤光，就会被吸引过去，鱿鱼足上的吸盘就会牢牢地吸附在倒刺上。当钓钩their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 被提出水面的时候，需要及时将吸在倒刺上的鱿鱼取下来，立刻放到带网眼的塑料筐中，同时往筐内倒入适当的冰块。用这样的方法，一个人一天大概能够钓到100—150公斤的鱿鱼。 渔船返回港口岸边，迅速将装满鱿鱼的筐子运到保温车上，保温车上存有冰块，根据情况，可以往鱿鱼筐中再放入适量冰块。一般情况下，为了确保海产品的新鲜，保温车到工厂的距离，都是短距离运输。 保温车到达工厂后，停靠在月台边上，为减少鱿鱼的破损率，工作人员把鱿鱼筐摆放在木制垫板上，码放整齐，然后用铲车运到车间。 原料验收(不读): 鱿鱼被及时运送到车间后进入了原料验收工序。 这时，我们该如何鉴别鱿鱼的新鲜程度呢,根据工作人员的实践经验可总结为一看，二扯，三按 一看:体形完整坚实，有光泽，身体表面略现白霜，呈现半透明，背部不红的就是优质的鱿鱼;那像这些体形瘦小残缺，颜色赤黄略带黑，没有光泽，背部呈黑红色或霉红色的就是劣质鱿鱼了，劣质鱿鱼做废弃处理即可。 二扯:用手扯一下鱼头，鲜鱼的头与身体连接紧密，不易扯断，就是优质鱿鱼 三按:用手按压鱼身上的膜，像这样，鱼的膜已经不紧实、没有弹性，说明已经不新鲜了; 通过“一看，二扯，三按”的方法，我们挑选出了新鲜的鱿鱼。 their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 冲洗(不读): 接下来，把挑选好的鲜鱿鱼倒入水中，用笊篱在水中轻轻搅动大约一到两分钟，再用笊篱捞出鱿鱼，倒入有网眼的塑料框中沥水。 沥水的时间大约是5,10分钟，以滴水为准。如果来不及装筐，应及时往塑料桶中加入冰块冷却，但时间不宜过长。 沥干水分的鱿鱼准备好后，就可以等待剖割了。 剖割(不读): 剖割鱿鱼需要时间，对于还来不及剖割的鱿鱼，需要及时加入适量冰块降温，以保持鱿鱼的鲜度。 剖割工序对于制作加工冷冻鱿鱼干是很关键的技术环节。因为剖割技术的好坏直接影响到最后成品的外观和质量。 目前主要的剖割方法为挑割法。 下面先来看看挑割法的操作:首先左手紧握鱼背，鱼头向人身方向，鱼腹朝上使腹腔突起，右手持刀，刀口朝上，为了防止操作过程中撞破墨囊，挑割时刀尾尖部应紧贴鱼腹腔内肉面，刀口尖部自突起的腹腔内伸入至鱼尾末端约1,2厘米处，将刀尖锋口向上顶挑一刀，这时刀口顺鱼腹腔内正中心割开，使两边肉片对称成蝴蝶状。这样鱿鱼的剖割就完成了。 剖割过程中最重要的一点是不要撞破墨囊。现在，我们来做个实验，如果将墨囊不小心撞破会怎样,将一条已剖割好的鱿鱼置于案板上，用剖割刀轻轻地将墨囊捅破，这时我们看到，墨汁会流到鱿鱼的身体和操作案板上，污染操作台，同时，由于墨汁略带苦味，时间久their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 了会影响到鱿鱼的口感和质量，因此，当发现墨囊破后，需要把被污染的鱿鱼做废弃处理。 除内脏(不读) 因为鱿鱼的内脏中保留有大量水分，所以在剖割完成后要立即清除掉内脏，以利于储藏。 把剖割好的鱿鱼放于木板上，摊开鱼腹腔两边肉片，用右手的拇、食、中指沿鱼腹尾末端向头部方向挖出全部鱼内脏。 经过剖割和除内脏后的下脚料，比如:鱿鱼下足，嘴，鱼脖，内脏，这些看似边脚料的东西，是否就没有用了呢, 当然不是，我们把这些新鲜的鱿鱼内脏销往水产饲料加工厂，经过各种工序加工后可以制成鱼粉。 鱿鱼下足可以做成不同口味的鱿鱼柳，鱿鱼脖经过切割调理可以制做成鱿鱼软骨串，经过除牙的鱿鱼嘴经过调制后也可以做成风味各异的鱿鱼嘴串。 经过剖割和除内脏后的鱿鱼，沾满了污物，粘液，工作人员把这些鱿鱼体倒入盛有清水的干净大池中进行二次清洗。 称重(不读) 把清洗干净，沥好水的鱿鱼体放入计量器上称重，根据工作人员的实践经验，80克以上的放入一个干净盒中,80克以下的放入另一个盒中。称量好的鱿鱼体就可以准备穿签了。 穿签(不读) their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 穿竹签主要是方便烧烤以及做成铁板鱿鱼，这样吃起来拿着竹签既方便又卫生。 接下来就可以穿签了，一般情况下，80克以上的鱿鱼身体面积稍大不易固定，为了方便后面的操作，在穿签前把鱼体从中间切开，分成均匀的两部分，这样每一部分单独用一支竹签纵向从尾部到头部穿起来，这就是单签。不足80克的鱿鱼，但是它又比80克以上被分开的两部分都大，先后用两支竹签从尾部到头部平行穿过，稳定性好，这就是双签穿法。 把穿好的鱿鱼体一个一个放在单冻器上，中间要留出足够的空隙，这样可以使空气流通，保证速冻过程后产品的色泽均匀。 速冻(不读) 把摆好盘后的鱿鱼及时送进速冻间，速冻间内安装有无缝钢管组成的货架，把单冻器排列在货架上，关上速冻间大门。此时，速冻间内温度达到零下30度到40度，当速冻两到三个小时后，鱿鱼中心温度达到零下30度就完成了速冻。 封口(不读) 速冻好后就可以装袋了，每10支为一袋的标准装进食用塑料袋内，放入塑封机口塑封。封好口的包装袋要经过随机抽样检测，以确保产品合格。 检测(不读): their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 首先是感官检测。用来做感官检测的冷冻鱿鱼干经过解冻后，如果颜色发暗，肉质粘连，或者身体上沾有异物，表示已经不新鲜了。可以通过闻气味来检测，如果有腐烂或臭味，就已经不新鲜了。 接下来进行微生物的各项检测。其中最主要的细菌总数的检测方法是，从塑封好的冷冻鱿鱼干的不同部位剪下25克样品，放入称量器上的塑料袋中。此时，再往盛有样品的塑料袋中倒入225毫升的稀释水。把称量好的样液放入拍打式匀质器中打匀。用移液管从中吸取1毫升原液，放入到9毫升的生理盐水中摇匀。再从原液中吸取1毫升放入两个平皿器中，再倒入平板计数琼脂摇匀。先把平皿倒置，然后放入培养箱内培养48小时加减1小时，检测结果以每克样品中的细菌总数在1.0×105个以下为合格。 装箱贮藏(不读) 检测完成后，如果产皮合格就把已经塑封好的的冷冻鱿鱼干以10袋为标准装入专用纸箱，装好箱后用透明塑料胶带封好箱口。 放入低温储藏室，温度保持在零下18?左右。贮藏好的冷冻鱿鱼干保存时间较长，可以随时供应市场。 鱿鱼易于捕捞，制作鱿鱼干的货源有着充分的保障，近些年冷冻鱿鱼的营养价值已经被消费者所认知，成为市场新宠，从事这一行业可取得较好的经济效益。 their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development.