蓄电池的快充和慢充（Quick charge and slow charge of battery）

蓄电池的快充和慢充（Quick charge and slow charge of battery） 蓄电池的快充和慢充(Quick charge and slow charge of battery) Fast charging battery and slow charge The nickel battery and Ni MH battery charging in two ways, also known as "fast charge and slow charge". Fast charge and slow charge is an important concept in charge, only to understand the fast charge and slow charge can correctly grasp the charge. First, fast charge and slow charge is a relative concept. Someone once asked me, the charging current is 200mA, is not a fast charge? The answer is not absolute, should answer for some of the battery, it is fast charging, battery and for some, it is just a slow charge. Then we how to distinguish the fast charge or slow charge? For example, a 5 capacity Ni MH battery is 1200mAH, while another section was 1600mAH. We put the capacitance of a battery called 1C, visible 1C is a logical concept, the same is not equal to 1C. When charging, the charging current is less than 0.1C, we called trickle charge. As the name implies, refers to a small current. In general, the trickle charge to battery charge is enough, and does not damage the battery life, but with the trickle charge time is too long, so it is rarely used alone, and other charging combination. The charging current in 0.1C-0.2C, we called slow charging. The charging current is greater than 0.2C, less than 0.8C is fast charging. When the charging current is greater than 0.8C, we call the ultra fast charging. Because 1C is a logical concept rather than absolute values, according to the 1C conversion of fast and slow charging is a relative value. The previous example mentioned in the 200mA charging current is slow charging for 1200mAH battery, 700mAH battery is for fast charging. Know the concept of filling speed, we also need to understand the situation in order to correct the charger to charge the battery. Currently on the market is divided into constant current charger charger and automatic charger two. Two, constant current charger The constant current charger is the most common on the market from the nickel cadmium battery charger, age, we began to use constant current charger. The constant current charger usually use slow charging current, its use is relatively simple, only the battery can be charged in the battery box. Note that the time to accurately calculate the charge. There is a simple formula for calculating the charging time of the charging current: Hour=1.5C/. For example: charging of 1200mAH battery charger, the charging current is 150mA, then the time of 1800mAH/150mA is equal to 12 hours. Of course, calculated at the right time in a lot of time and can not, we can choose the nearest convenient time to half an hour. For example: the charging current is 160mA, the charge of the 1400mAH battery, then the time for 2100mAH/160mA is about 13 hours, and not to calculate. The constant current charger has the advantages of simple structure, stable operation, is a good way of charging, little impact on battery life. But it also has its limitations, we must first calculate time, with the addition of Ni MH battery capacity is more and more big, the constant current charging time is getting longer, inconvenient to use. Therefore, in recent years the rapid automatic charger is also increasingly popular. Three, automatic fast charger Fast automatic charger in two years more and more popular, it has quick charging speed, safety etc.. But there are also some people have doubts about it, because the fast charger for the basic use of the fast charge current to charge, these people fear it will affect the battery life. How the actual situation? First to be sure the current charge of the battery life is very small, in many cases we have to use fast charging even ultra fast charging, the charging current can sometimes reach 2C or higher. High current battery is not a killer, the real impact on battery life is the heat produced when high current charging. We charge the battery to use when the battery voltage is slightly higher than the nominal voltage of the battery itself, and the charge current will produce a back EMF, it is part of a current to offset the back EMF and white power into heat. When the charging current is larger, there are more electrical energy is converted into heat when charging, the higher the temperature. The high temperature is harmful to the rechargeable battery, at a slow constant current charger, because it is a slow charge, the heat generated in the control range, therefore does not need to take special measures. But in the fast automatic charger, the fast charge current will produce higher temperatures. Therefore, the current rapid automatic charger on the market using a variety of methods to reduce the charging temperature, usually use the cosine method, that is not a constant current charging, but like Yu Xianbo, current intensity changes, it can alleviate the heat accumulation, so as to control the temperature in a certain range. Because of this kind of current charger will no longer use constant charging, there is an obvious difference between the past and the constant current charger. Another problem is the use of fast charger, when the charging time to stop charging the battery if forget, the damage is much larger than the slow constant current charger overcharge caused damage. In order to solve the charge problem, fast charger is generally used such as voltage slope determination method and other methods to judge if the battery is close to full use, the charger control circuit or IC chip to complete the task. When the battery is nearly full, the control circuit will automatically turn into the trickle charge mode for trickle charging of the battery. The trickle charging current of the battery is good for the obvious, as mentioned earlier, the trickle charge the battery charge is very full, the second is worrying about charging problem, maximum benefits so using this type of charger is no need to calculate time. The use of specific methods can view their instructions to prevent improper operation. A fast charger is a branch of ultra high speed charger, the charger little scope of application, design, structure and process are very complex, so the price is very expensive. Ultra high speed charger In some special occasions, people need to be in a very short period of time to charge up the battery, which requires the use of ultra high speed charger. Because of ultra high speed charger charging current need greatly, some even use 2C-3C charging current, the heating problem is particularly serious, only by the cosine wave charging is not enough, so this type of charger uses a lot of very short discharge this method is inserted into a cosine wave. This approach can alleviate the accumulation of back EMF due to the heat generated by the consumption of the charging current, so as to further control the temperature.