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英语英标

2017-09-25 12页 doc 32KB 33阅读

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英语英标英语英标 (二)教国际音标 目的:让学生系统、熟练地掌握英语音标。这个掌握,就是要达到能读、能默写,为后面学单词时随时用,随时拿得出作准备。 教学时间:两周 教学过程: 1、元音 (1)单元音:?,Q,,C,,E,,i,,u,,e,与汉语单韵母对照 ?,a:,,C:,,E:,,i:,,u:,,A, a o e i u ü 说明:先读汉语单韵母,并注意排序,再利用这个排序记英语单元音,易记。 (2)双元音:?,ai,,ei,,au,,Eu,(,ju:,)与汉语复韵母对照:ai ei ui ao ou iu ?,...
英语英标
英语英标 (二)教国际音标 目的:让学生系统、熟练地掌握英语音标。这个掌握,就是要达到能读、能默写,为后面学单词时随时用,随时拿得出作准备。 教学时间:两周 教学过程: 1、元音 (1)单元音:?,Q,,C,,E,,i,,u,,e,与汉语单韵母对照 ?,a:,,C:,,E:,,i:,,u:,,A, a o e i u ü 说明:先读汉语单韵母,并注意排序,再利用这个排序记英语单元音,易记。 (2)双元音:?,ai,,ei,,au,,Eu,(,ju:,)与汉语复韵母对照:ai ei ui ao ou iu ?,iE,,ZE,,uE, ?,Ci, 说明:根据汉语复韵母排序来记双元音第?组,英语中无ui;,au,与ao, ,Eu,与ou的写法不同;,ju:/是双元音。第?组的相同点是都带,E,,第?组只有一个,直接记就行了。 2、辅音 (1)辅音总数:,b,、,p,、,m,、,f,、,v,、,d,、,t,、,n,、,N,、,l,、,g,、,k,、,h,、,dV,、,tF,、,F,、,V,、,dz,、,ts,、,s,、,W,、 ,z,、,T,、,j,、,w,、,dr,、,tr,、,r, 与汉语拼音对照:b p m f d t n l g k h jq x zh ch sh r z s y w 说明: ?根据汉语声母排序来记英语辅音音标,汉语声母b、p、m、f、d、t、n、l、g、k、h 与英语辅音,b,、,p,、,m,、,f,、,d,、,t,、,n,、,l,、,g,、,k,、,h,基本一致;汉语声母j、q、x、zh、ch、sh、 r、z、c、s、w与英语音标,dz,、,ts,、,s,、,W,、,j,、,w,作比较;,dr,、,tr,、,r,单独记。 ?汉语拼音b、p、m、f的发音比英语音标,b,、,p,、,m,、,f,多一个,E,音;j、q、x、z、c、s、r比英语音标,dF,、,tF,、,F,、,dz,、,ts,、,s,、,W,、,z,、,T,隔开一个,i,音。 (2)辅音的分类 分类一: ?清浊成对的: 清:,p,,t,,k,,f,,F,s,,W,,tF,,ts,,tr, 浊:,b,,d,,g,,v,,V,,z,,T,,dV,,dz,,dr, 说明:可用谐音记忆法记住清辅音这一组,即:婆特客,福西施,七尽垂 ,p,,t,,k,,f,,F,,W,,tF,,ts,,tr, 可理解为:婆婆有位特殊的客人,她的名字叫福西施,人不仅美,而且高,有七尺高(“垂”理解为“高”)。 ?单干户(即不成对的辅音) ,m,,n,,N,,l, ,r,,h,,j,,w, 记成:三个鼻音(,m,、,n,、,N,)、,l,、,r,和(即,h,),j,、,w, 分类二: (1),p,,b,,t,,d,,g,,k,,f, ,v,,F,,V,,s,,z,,W,,T,,r,,h, ,tF,,dV,,ts,,dz,,tr,,dr, 记成:爆破、摩擦、破擦、前3对、中5对(添上,r,、,h,)、后3对 (2),m,,n,,N,,l,,j,,w, 记成:三个鼻音,一个边音(l),两个半元音(,j,、,w,) 分类三: (1)清辅音:,p,、,t,、,k,、,f,、,F,、,s,、,W,、,tF,、,ts,、,tr,,再加上,r,、,h,,合计12个。 (2)浊辅音:,b,、,d,、,g,、,v,、,V,、,z,、,T,、,dV,、,dz,、,dr,再加上,m,、,n,、,N,、,l,、,j,、,w,合计16个。 老师讲分类:作用:1、记住清辅音,对名词变复数,动词变第三人称单数,动词的过去式的读音规则有极好的分辨作用。2、了解爆破音,对读英语的失去爆破很有帮助。 小学音标测试卷 本试卷来自 音标学习第一站 www.Yinbiao1.com 姓名 得分 一.找出下列划线部分发音不同的单词. ( )1.A.cake B.take C.nap D.wave ( )2.A.breaed B.eat C.tea D.seat ( )3.A.never B.leg C.red D.he ( )4.A.good B.too C.book D.neighborhood ( )5.A.father B.crab C.shark D.car ( )6.A.soda B.hot C.box D.not ( )7.A.bike B.five C.my D.his ( )8.A.order B.doctor C.boring D.corner ( )9.A.what B.water C.walk D.talk ( )10.A.go B.no C.to D.nose ( )11.A.day B.play C.they D.Sunday ( )12.A.lot B.not C.to D.follow ( )13.A.each B.idea C.theatre D.dear ( )14.A.flower B.follow C.how D.brown ( )15.A.slide B.hi C.toilet D.bike ( )16.A.you B.house C.blouse D.trousers ( )17.A.study B.puzzle C.bus D.busy ( )18.A.find B.dining-room C.behind D.pumpkin ( )19.A.kitchen B.sandwich C.China D.peach ( )20.A.street B.coffee C.meet D.see ( )21.A.toilet B.apple C.bottle D.table ( )22.A.back B.lamp C.parent D.have ( )23.A.pig B.together C.garden D.swing ( )24.A.music B.telescope C.newspaper D.maths ( )25.A.sofa B.off C.pot D.lot ( )26.A.room B.foot C.too D.food ( )27.A.teacher B.driver C.term D.waiter ( )28.A.behind B.bedroom C.jacket D.eleven ( )29.A.family B.camping C.dance D.blanket ( )30.A.over B.other C.clothes D.home ( )31.A.morning B.horse C.door D.tomorrow ( )32.A.diamond B.around C.elephant D.change ( )33.A.house B.blouse C.laugh D.mouth ( )34.A.building B.child C.children D.buscuit ( )35.A.tennis B.find C.white D.kite ( )36.A.street B.theatre C.triangle D.tree ( )37.A.wash B.want C.parent D.what ( )38.A.large B.laugh C.sofa D.vase ( )39.A.name B.lamp C.camping D.am ( )40.A.food B.cook C.foot D.look ( )41.A.cry B.circle C.class D.picture ( )42.A.thing B.theatre C.bathroom D.there ( )43.A.wash. B.sure C.shape D.square ( )44.A.on B.diamond C.crayon D.o’clock ( )45.A.near B.heart C.tear D.Hear 本试卷来自 音标学习第一站 www.Yinbiao1.com 语音标发音规则 一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 a在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back e在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg i在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim o在开音节中 [?u] those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中 [?] clock not box shop sock u在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中 [?]bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super 二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母读 音 例 词 a [?]China another woman breakfast [i]orange comrade village cabbage e [?] hundred student open weekend [?:] nerve serve term [i] chicken pocket begin children i [i] holiday beautiful family animal [ai] exercise satellite o[?] second tonight somebody welcome [?u] also zero photo u[?] autumn difficult [ju:] popular congratulation January 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate 又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue u处在开音节位置, 三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 a在[w]音后面 [?] want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [a:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前 [?u] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 [?] come monkey love mother 四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 ar [a:] car farm dark sharpener ar在[w]音后面 [?:] warm quarter towards or or在[w]音后面 [?:] forty morning short [?:] word worker worse er ir ur [?:] certainly bird Thursday 辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音. 例如: carry sorry hurry -r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 五、-re音 are[??] care dare hare ere[i?] here mere ire[ai?] fire hire wire ore[?:] more score before ure[ju?] pure cure are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[?]音,例如:picture pleasure 重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读 [r]音. 例如:parent zero story during inspiring 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象. 例如:orange very American paragraph 六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 ai/ay[ei] afraid rain wait day play air[??] air hair chair pair repair al在f m前 [?] small ball talk wall all [?:l] always also salt almost bald [a:] half calm au/aw[?:] autumn daughter draw ea[i:] teach easy cheap please [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great ear [i?] hear dear near clear year [ε?] bear pear wear [?:] earth learn early ee [i:] jeep week green three eer[i?] pioneer deer beer ei/ey[ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew ie/ei在[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive oa [?u] coat Joan boat goal oar/oor[?:] roar board door floor oi/oy [?i] noise point boy toilet oo [u:] broom food tooth school [u] book look cook foot good ou/ow [au] flower house count down [?u] know row throw though [?] young country enough [u:] group you soup our[?:] course your four [au?] our hour ours [?:] journey ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit 七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 ai/ay ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey ow [?u] yellow sparrow tomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i]. 例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion [?n] impression nation -sion在元音字母后 [?n] vision decision occasion -tion在s后 [t??n] question suggestion -sten[sn] listen -stle[sl] whistle -sure[??] pleasure measure -ture[t??] picture culture 八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则 拼读. everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[?:] 有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重 读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音. 例如: sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日 break中断 + fast[a:]斋戒 > breakfast[?] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[?:] > cupboard[?] 碗柜 九,辅字组的读音 b[b] bike bus bag [/] bomb tomb c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music [s] face decide cinema ch[t?] much chick rich teacher [k] school headache chemistry [?] machine -ck [k] cock pocket black knock d [d] doctor bread hand day -dge[d?] bridge fridge dr-[dr] children driver drink f[f] five four breakfast g在e i/y前 [g] bag gardon go [d?] orange large German gh[f] cough enough [/] light daughter high gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中 [g] guess league dialogue [gw] language anguish h[h] hot head house hand [/] hour honest j [d?] jeep jar joke join July k[k] kind bike skate make week kn-[n] knife know knock l [l] life milk school tall m [m] monkey come autumn -mn [m] autumn column n n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note [?] uncle thank hungry -ng [?] morning young wrong p [p] paper plane pig ship pen ph [f] elephant photo telephone q [k] Iraq qu - [kw] quality quite r [r] red rubber ruler
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