中石化四川维尼纶厂天然气乙炔改扩建工程(30万吨醋酸乙烯项目)

中石化四川维尼纶厂天然气乙炔改扩建工程(30万吨醋酸乙烯项目) 中石化四川维尼纶厂天然气乙炔改扩建工程(30万吨/年醋酸乙烯项目) 环境影响书简本 一、项目概况 1、立项依据 本项目采用消化吸收国外先进技术形成的川维厂专有天然气制乙炔技术及乙炔气相法生产醋酸乙烯、低碱醇解法生产PVA、乙炔尾气生产甲醇等技术，装置规模大，技术先进，污染小，在《促进产业结构调整暂行规定》(国发[2005]40号)给出的《产业结构调整指导目录》(2005本)中属于国家鼓励发展的产业，因此符合国家产业政策。 重庆(长寿)天然气化工园区符合城市总体规划，天然气化工是园区重点发展的领域，因此本项目符合园区发展规划。 本项目的实施充分利用中国石化上中下游一体化优势和川维厂以天然气乙炔路线生产醋酸乙烯、聚乙烯醇、甲醇等产品的技术优势，符合川维厂做大做强天然气化工产业的企业战略和集团公司发展战略。 2、建设意义 本项目的建成投产具有以下重大意义: (1)本项目有利于充分发挥中国石化集团公司上中下游一体化的整体优势以及川维厂在天然气乙炔化工方面的技术领先优势，是川气东送项目之一。 (2)本项目的建设将进一步提神中国天然气乙炔工艺路线的技术水平，增强天然气乙炔化工路线竞争能力，为中国石化天然气化工产业多元化发展及走出国门，到世界上天然气资源丰富的地区发展天然气化工积累经验、提供技术支持。 (3)发展天然气化工是支援三峡库区的重要举措，库区相关企业可以利用本项目产品进行深加工，促进三峡库区经济进一步发展，对中国石化支持三峡移民、帮助解决三峡库区产业“空芯化”有重要意义。 (4)本项目建成后，川维厂将成为世界上最大的醋酸乙烯和聚乙烯醇生产商之一，成为具有国际竞争力的天然气化工企业和中国最大的天然气化工基地。 3、建设地点以及与现有川维厂关系 拟建项目位于重庆长寿区晏家街道，属重庆市长寿天然气化工园区的规划发展区内，在现有川维厂的西南面。晏家街道位于长寿区的西南部，位于长江北岸，川维厂距长寿区府所在地凤城镇14Km，距重庆市江北机场约60多Km。拟建区北面有汉渝公路和319国道及渝长、长培、渝万高速公路通过，附近有渝怀铁路urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 及川维厂专用线，南面为长江。化工园区规划区为工业用地，不设常住人口。 川维厂现有的装置位于化工园区已建成区，内有川维厂家属生活区、园区职工医院、园区中小学校等。 具体位置见附图1。 4、建设性质 本项目属于化工类改扩建项目。 5、建设内容及规模 本改扩建工程在川维厂现有的装置(位于老生产区)基础上，扩建一块新生产区，建设新的空分装置、乙炔装置、醋酸乙烯装置、聚乙烯醇装置、整合大甲醇装置，除了甲醇装置以外，其他装置在流程上基本上是原有装置的翻版，但也应用了川维及国内外的最新研究成果，促进装置和设备大型化。工程主要装置项目组成见下表: 项目组成表 序主项名称 装置规模 性质 主要内容 号 一 工艺装置 1×4.6万包括空压站，采用分子筛吸附、液氧、液氮内压缩工艺路1 空分装置 新建 3Nm/h O 线。 2 10×1.0 2 乙炔装置 新建 拟采用川维厂自身掌握的天然气部分氧化技术。 万吨/年乙炔 处理天然气拟依托现有脱硫装置扩建，采用川维厂自有的常温干法天2.1 天然气脱硫装置 量6.25亿扩建 然气脱硫工艺路线。 3Nm/年 10×1.0 采用川维厂与清华大学联合研制的万吨级乙炔炉102.2 部分氧化 新建 万吨/年 列。 2×5.0 2.3 提浓 新建 提浓2列，单列生产产品乙炔能力5万吨/年。 万吨/年 醋酸乙烯装置30万吨/年 拟采用川维厂自身掌握的天然气乙炔气相法醋酸乙烯生产3 新建 (VAC) 醋酸乙烯 技术。 6×5.5 采用川维厂与华东理工大学合作开发的固定床VAC合成反新建 3.1 合成 万吨/年 应工艺包，单列生产能能力5.5万吨/年，建成6列合成。 1×30 3.2 精馏 新建 万吨/年 聚乙烯醇装置8万吨/年 4 新建 拟采用川维厂自身掌握的PVA生产工艺技术 (PVA) 聚乙烯醇 4×2.0 新建 4列聚合釜。 4.1 聚合 万吨/年 urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high 3 efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 序主项名称 装置规模 性质 主要内容 号 1×8.0 4.2 回收 新建 1列回收。 万吨/年 8×1.0 4.3 醇解 新建 8列醇解。 万吨/年 拟以现有的乙炔尾气、新建乙炔尾气和现有二甲装置天然 气转化合成气为原料，采用英国DAVY公司的蒸汽上升式径5 整合大甲醇装置 90万吨/年 新建 向合成塔两塔串联合成、三塔精馏工艺。建成后，现有的 甲醇装置全部停运。 二 公用工程 2×460t/h循环流化床锅炉，1台25MW高背压机组和1台1 热电站 75MW 新建 50MW抽背机组。热电站的循环水依托现有南区循环水系统。 对现有的净水场进行扩建，新建虹吸滤池一组，能力为2 净水场 扩建 32200m/h。 333 循环水场 72000m/h 新建 含16×4500m/h冷却塔。 4 冷冻站 新建 在VAC装置区新建，4×240t/h乙二醇螺杆压缩机。 5 软水站 扩建 对现有的软水站进行扩建 工艺及供热外管主管廊直线长度850m、次管廊直线长度1300m，其余管廊6 新建 与管廊 总直线长度2700m。工艺及热力管道总长度68.34km。 7 给排水及消防 新建 消防水设计流量400l/s。 8 供电外线 新建 9 变、配电 新建 10 电信 新建 含火灾报警系统、工业电视监视系统、通讯系统。 三 辅助工程 1 中央控制室 新建 2 分析化验 新建 3 火炬 新建 新建全厂火炬，火炬塔架总高65m，火炬热辐射半径为45m。 34 污水处理 500m/h 扩建 在现有污水处理场基础上扩建。 3在铁路站场附近新建甲醇储罐(2×20000m内浮顶)、VAC 335 成品罐区 新建 储罐(3×3000m固定顶)，在江边储罐区改造原有2台200m 渣油罐为硫酸储罐。 运输吞吐量约318.81万吨/年(未计入天然气运量)，其中四 总图运输 运入171.55吨，运出147.26万吨。 6、扩建项目占地 本工程新建工艺装置及公用工程部分的占地面积为 32.17公顷，锅炉发电区占地面积为11.22公顷，江边、铁路罐区改造占地面积5.79公顷，共计49.18公顷。占地区域均为化工园区规划区的工业用地。 7、总工艺流程 urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 主要工艺流程:川维厂项目用天然气制乙炔，来自乙炔装置的乙炔产品全部作为醋酸乙烯装置的原料;醋酸乙烯装置的醋酸乙烯产品部分供聚乙烯醇装置作为原料生产聚乙烯醇，剩余部分作为商品出售;聚乙烯醇装置的聚乙烯醇产品全部作为商品出售。 整合后的大甲醇装置产品，除川维厂现有装置自用量、扬子乙酰醋酸装置用量以及本项目新建的聚乙烯醇装置需要量外，剩余甲醇全部作为商品外销。 总工艺流程见附图2。 8、总投资及环保投资 改扩建项目总投资:427067万元; 改扩建项目环保投资:13334.34万元 9、评价单位 中国石化集团宁波工程有限公司(国环评证甲字第2006号) 二、环境保护目标和环境质量现状 1、重点保护目标 评价范围内无风景名胜区、自然保护区、特殊栖息地保护区及重点文物保护单位，但拟建项目濒临长江，地处三峡库区，同时项目所在地区属SO和酸雨控2制敏感区域，根据这一特殊环境特征，确定评价区域内的主要环境敏感目标主要包括以下三方面: (1)环境空气保护目标(?类):重庆化工园区医院(原川维厂职工医院)、晏家中学、沙溪村小学、扇沱、船舶厂家属区、原朱家镇、长寿区环境监测站; 根据《重庆市环境空气质量功能区划分规定》重府发〔1997〕40号中的有关规定，重庆市长寿区环境空气质量功能区属二类区。 (2)水环境保护目标(?类):三峡库区; 根据《重庆市地表水域适用功能类别划分规定》渝府发(1998)89号文，长江长寿段为?类功能水域。 (3)声环境保护目标(?类):厂界。 根据重庆市政府[1998]90号文件，长寿区按2类要求执行。 2.拟建项目评价区域环境现状 (1) 评价区域污染源现状 urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high 5 efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 由化工园区现有污染源和污染物大气现状评价中可知，拟建项目区域大气污染物主要是SO，其次为TSP。大气污染源排次依序为川维厂、重庆长扬热能有2 限公司、重庆映天辉化工有限公司及长寿化工有限公司。 评价区域废水主要污染物为COD，其次为NH-N。废水污染源排第一位的是3 重庆长寿区化工有限公司，其次为川维厂。 对于固废工业废物，排放量多是长寿化工有限公司(已建成区)，川维厂为第二位，第三位为农药厂，第四位为环球石化。 (2) 大气环境质量现状 根据现状监测结果，拟建项目区及其影响区大气环境质量从SO、NO、TSP、22PM、CO、非甲烷总烃、甲醇等七项来看，大气环境质量良好，达到环境空气10 质量标准二级标准的要求，并有一定的环境容量。 (3) 地表水环境质量现状 通过地表水环境质量现状监测调查评价，可知当前长江长寿段水质较好。作为三峡水库城市滞流区水质能满足III类水质要求，由于加大了治理力度，关停了污染重的企业，对于国控断面黄草峡断面从2004至2006年监测统计数据可知，能达到II类水域水质要求。 (4) 地下水环境现状 地下水综合评价分值F=1，由此可知项目所在区域地下水质为良好(细菌学指标II类)。 (5) 环境噪声质量现状 根据《化工园区规划环评》，拟建项目区附近昼间噪声为38.5,40.6dB(A)，夜间噪声为33.9,40.6dB(A)，满足《城市区域环境噪声标准》2类标准要求。 川维厂现有装置厂界昼间噪声为48.3,54.4dB(A),夜间噪声为41.3,48.6dB(A),达到《工业企业厂界标准》III类标准的要求。 拟建项目区位于川维厂现有生产区西南面，由于川维厂绿化带的阻隔，现生产区对其声环境的噪声值影响较小，拟建项目区500m范围内现无其他生产设施，因此拟建项目区声环境质量较好。 (6) 土壤环境质量 根据《化工园区规划环评》资料，对照土壤环境质量标准，拟建附近土壤环境质量良好，皆达到土壤环境质量二级标准的要求，土壤环境质量可保障农业生urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 产，维护人体健康的要求。 (7) 生态环境质量现状 陆生生态环境质量现状:园区陆地植物群落中树种大部分属人工栽培植物，区域内无野生珍稀动物出现。土壤主要有紫色土和水稻土，土壤生产力属中等偏下，区内无重点保护珍稀植物和名木古树。 水生生态现状:长江长寿段有一定量的浮游植物，主要以硅藻为主。浮游动物有草丛生的，也有底栖性种类，生物量为0.00029-1.5801mg/L。水生植物种类和数量稀少，未发现有水生维管束等高等植物。 鱼类:根据长寿区渔政部门证实，随着三峡大坝的建设，所在水域近十年来未发现有属国家和地方保护的野生鱼类和动物。 三、本项目主要环境问题 1、工程达标排放及总量控制情况 (1)废气达标排放情况 在正常工况下，拟建工程有组织排放源中，乙炔装置天然气预热炉和氧气预热炉烟气所排污染物符合《工业炉窑大气污染物排放标准》(GB9078-1996)的要求;醋酸乙烯装置排气回收工序废气、聚乙烯醇装置干燥废气所排污染物符合《大气污染物综合排放标准》(GB16297-1996)的要求;锅炉烟气所排污染物符合《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》(GB13223,2003)第3时段的要求。 无组织排放源也由于改进了工艺技术，加强了生产管理大为降低。 (2)废水达标排放情况 在正常工况下，改扩建工程新增生产污水和生活污水送污水处理场进行处理，达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)中的一级标准后排入长江，清净下水比较清洁可直接排入长江。 (3)废渣(液)达标排放情况 新增的废渣(液)处理或综合利用或焚烧，属于危险废物的送危险废物填埋场安全处置，属于一般工业固体废物送新建的一般工业固体废物填埋场填埋量。扩建工程将停运原有的甲醇装置，从而使相应的废渣量大为削减。 (4)厂界噪声达标排放情况 拟建工程设备台数较多，主要噪声排放源为各类压缩机和各类机泵，噪声值均在85,110dB(A)之间，设计时考虑将高噪声的压缩机布置在压缩机房内、压缩机厂房内不设置操作间、加装消声器等防噪降噪措施，以保证其噪声值符合《工 urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high 7 efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 业企业噪声控制设计》(GBJ87-85)的要求。 (5)总量控制情况 本次改扩建工程新增污染物量是通过对老厂锅炉实施烟气脱硫除尘改造及节水减排、污水回用等措施来腾出环境容量的，使得川维厂改扩建工程完成后SO总量为4883.4t/a、COD 1218.98 t/a、氨氮4.27 t/a。改扩建工程完成后，主要2 污染物排放均满足重庆市人民政府下达给川维厂“十一五”期间的总量控制指标要求〔SO4960t/a、COD1300t/a、氨氮10t/a〕。改扩建工程和“以新带老”项目完2 成后，烟尘的排放量为780t/a，比现状大大减少，也满足重庆市人民政府下达给川维厂“十一五”排放总量控制指标的要求。本改扩建项目不仅满足了在现有排放总量基础上的污染物减排计划，又做到了增产不增污。 2、拟建工程可能导致的环境影响 (1)大气环境 拟建项目拟建锅炉采用CFB技术，加炉外烟气除尘脱硫治理;拟建项目工艺生产以天然气为原料，天然气本身为清洁能源，再加上采用具有自主知识产权的先进技术，项目污染物排放水平低，原材料利用率高。 拟建项目所排污染物对大气环境影响较小，不管是锅炉废气排放、工艺废气排放、无组织面源排放，对环境影响皆较小，在评价范围对各敏感点的影响值叠加现状值后，皆在标准值范围以内。从环境空气影响评价的角度来看，污染物既做到达标排放，又符合总量控制要求，项目实施后地区的环境空气质量变化甚微。 (2)水环境 拟建项目做到增产不增污，在产量翻倍的前提下反而削减水污染的排放，项目废水污染物可生化性好，排放做到长期稳定达标，也符合总量控制要求，符合三峡库区生产污水控制要求。 拟建项目不管是平水期或枯水期其排水对下游河段的影响皆很小，纵向1120m，横向65m范围内，基本上能恢复到原有背景值范围内，所选排污口影响范围内无集中式生活取水点，无珍稀水生动植物和鱼类保护地，建设单位管理得当，环保机构健全，防污染长江风险防范措施落实，评价认为从地表水环境影响角度来看，项目在所选厂址建设是可行的。 (3)噪声环境 拟建项目区为规划的天然气化工园区，不设常住人口，各敏感点距生产区很远，基本上在1000m范围以上，噪声对敏感点基本上没有影响。项目现有地址urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 噪声背景值较低，项目实施后，由于对噪声源通过减振、消声、阻隔等措施，昼间能保证厂界达标。夜间，南面工艺甲醇装置距厂界54m范围内超标，厂界超标7.8dB(A);北面锅炉装置背界距厂界290m范围超标，厂界超标11.3dB(A)。 对于锅炉来说由于超标厂界为川维厂现有生产区范围内，并且低于职业环境噪声值的标准，是可以接受的。对于甲醇工艺装置南面超标7.8分贝，从严考虑增加长度约为230m的降噪绿化带，同时也可降低非正常排放火炬排空噪声的影响。 (4)固废环境 新增的废渣(液)处理或综合利用或焚烧，属于危险废物的送重庆市危险废物填埋场安全处置，属于一般工业固体废物送川维厂新建的一般工业固体废物填埋场填埋量。固废得到有效处理，对环境影响不明显。 (5)生态环境 项目拟建区土地属于重庆市工业规划用地，所以对当地生态环境的影响都已经经过重庆市相关部门审查并通过了化工园区规划环境影响评价验收，项目对当地的生态环境影响有限。 施工植被破坏，对景观从美学上来说有不利影响，绿地景观拼块将减少，工程建成后自然景观将被人工景观所取代，通过绿化措施尽量减轻这类影响。 3、环境风险评价 本项目属于化工类改扩建项目，涉及易燃易爆有毒有害物质，不少装置处在高温高压条件下运行，储罐储量较大，具有一定程度的潜在危险性。 诸多易燃易爆物质中，天然气、乙炔和甲醇等属于重点考虑和防范对象。与其相应的装置、储罐为防火灾爆炸和防毒的重点。 (1)乙炔泄漏的最大可信事故预测结果 如果乙炔泄漏时没有被引燃将形成大范围的火灾爆炸危险区域，一旦在此区域内存在明火、火星或其它引燃源，将会发生火灾和爆炸。发生事故时，乙炔的扩散距离与气象条件有着密切的关系。 在不利气象条件下，乙炔泄露后浓度处于其爆炸极限下限60%和10%的区域最大距离可达1.1km和2.2km。而在典型气象条件下危险区域最大距离可达434m和863m。 一般情况下乙炔和空气混合物在达到乙炔爆炸极限下限的60%的区域极易发生闪火。因此对乙炔泄漏点下风向1.1公里区域内要有足够的重视。采取有效 urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high 9 efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 的管理和控制措施以及制定合理的应急预案。 (2)甲醇储罐连接管线发生泄露后果预测 在不利气象条件下甲醇浓度达到最低致死浓度86000mg/m3和短时间接触浓度限值50mg/m3的距离分别是23m和2.2km;在典型条件下达到最低致死浓度86000mg/m3和短时间接触浓度限值50mg/m3的距离分别是20m和1.8km 甲醇泄露后的影响区域比较大，需要采取有效的控制和管理措施避免甲醇的泄露。另外还需要制定合理的应急预案来确保一旦甲醇泄露后的应对措施。 (3)醋酸乙烯储罐发生泄露的后果模拟 醋酸乙烯储罐发生泄露形成池火后，在不利气象条件下火焰高度为17m，火灾热辐射最大影响区域为72m;在典型气象条件下火焰高度为17m，火灾热辐射影响区域为73m。虽然热辐射影响区域没有影响到厂界外，但是由于燃烧反应产生的有害烟气将会对周围环境产生影响。 (4)消防废水的收集 由于拟建项目地处三峡库区，长江沿岸，一旦发生中毒、火灾、爆炸，装置、储罐泄漏的危险物料及消防水、消防泡沫等在未处理的情况下进入长江，将会对长江产生污染。为此，经与现有事故预防措施结合考虑，环评提出需在新生产装 3置区增设有效容积为4000m的事故废水收集池一座。确保事故消防废水和废液收集到事故池中，不排入长江。 四、拟采取的环境保护对策及效果 通过实践分析，现有工程的污染治理措施均可行，故在此基础上，针对工程新增的污染源将采取以下措施: 1、大气环境保护对策措施 (1)新乙炔装置 a.正常生产时，提浓工段排出的乙炔尾气，送甲醇装置作原料气;开停车和事故期间，则送尾气火炬焚烧。 b.正常生产时，提浓工段连续排放的高级炔气，送现有的煤粉锅炉掺烧;开停车和事故时送高级炔火炬焚烧。 c.为了减轻对大气环境的污染，使有害气体转化为CO和HO，本装置设有22裂化气火炬，在开停车及事故时排出的含烃类的有害气体，均送至该火炬进行焚烧处理，从而消除其危害。 d.天然气脱硫装置在开停车及事故时排出的含烃类的有害气体，均送至现有urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 脱硫装置火炬系统燃烧后排入大气。 (2)甲醇整合装置 正常工况，从预精馏塔顶部出来的不凝性气体和二甲醚等低沸点杂质及少量的甲醇蒸汽排入新生产区新建的全厂火炬系统烧掉。 (3)新醋酸乙烯装置 合成工序排出的部分循环气先经醋酸洗涤，回收其中的醋酸乙烯后，再经碱洗，除去其中的CO，最后循环气经升压并在酸洗涤塔中用醋酸吸收其中的乙炔，2 惰性气体从塔顶排出，排放气满足《大气污染物综合排放标准》(GB16297,1996)中20m高度排放二级标准限值。 (4)新聚乙烯醇装置 a.醇解工段每列干燥机尾气，先进入吸收塔，用甲醇和水吸收回收醋酸甲酯和甲醇有效成份后，再通过加装的排气冷凝器将尾气中的甲醇进一步冷凝分离，含有大量N的不凝气通过20m高排气筒达标排入大气。 2 b.聚乙烯醇装置粉、粒料的输送采用管道气流输送，以确保安全运行及环境清洁;在包装前的破碎筛分过程中，充分注意连接件间的密封，以防止粉尘外泄。 (5)新建锅炉装置 a.考虑到本工程建在环保部门“二氧化硫、酸雨双控区”内，为促进企业的良性发展和环境保护，新建的锅炉将采用循环流化床高压燃煤锅炉、炉内加入石灰石脱硫，炉内脱硫效率85,，为使烟气中SO和烟尘能达标排放，烟气采取干2 法脱硫和电袋除尘，干法脱硫效率60,，总脱硫效率94,，除尘效率99.9,，处理后的烟气经150米高的烟囱排入大气;锅炉安装烟气在线监测仪器仪表，并与地方环保局联网。 b.为了防止锅炉输煤系统媒粉尘的污染，工艺设计中，在满足功能要求的前提下尽量缩短工艺流程，减少转运环节，降低煤流落差;输煤设备的选择、布置和转运点的设计充分考虑密封、防尘和防止撒煤;为防止煤粉尘外泄，在设备与设备之间，各溜槽之间均加3mm厚石棉橡胶垫片;各皮带机转运点，破碎机、振动筛进出料的溜槽处均要求做机械除尘;在地下煤斗通廊，要求设机械通风与自然通风;煤场及干煤棚要求设喷水抑尘，各转运站、栈桥、破碎楼等建构筑物内均设水冲洗等措施。 c.为防止锅炉灰、渣系统飞灰对环境的污染，设计采用成熟可靠的气力除灰，要求厂家提供的设备、阀门及管路附件均耐磨损，无粉尘泄漏;为确保高 urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high 11 efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 温的锅炉干渣输送安全、无粉尘外泄，输送设备选用密封性能好且耐高温的埋刮板输送机;干灰装车外运，设计采用专用的干灰装车机，以确保环境清洁;无专用拉干灰汽车时，用加湿搅拌机将干灰加水搅拌后再用普通汽车装车外运。 (6)无组织废气 a.生产装置:生产装置区产生无组织排放的主要是乙炔装置、醋酸乙烯装置、聚乙烯醇装置和甲醇装置。生产装置区的无组织废气污染物泄漏量与生产管理、操作水平有关，与设备及管道状况(如压缩机、泵、阀门的密封性能)更有着直接联系，本项目对核心设备如大型压缩机、甲醇合成塔、自热式转化炉等从国外引进，在设备与管道连接部位的关键部件，如法兰、阀门、泵封、弯头等，选用性能优良的优质产品，并在物料易跑冒滴漏处设立接受桶及时处置，以减少废气无组织排放量。 b.罐区:罐区储存的物料中容易挥发的是甲醇，本项目甲醇储罐采用内浮顶罐，设夏季水喷淋系统，并配有氮封设施，比采用拱顶罐减少物料损失约95,，中国石化总公司已将内浮顶罐列为环保、清洁生产设备。另外，由于喷淋水属间接冷却水，受污染少，可循环使用，不会带来新的环境问题。 2、水环境保护对策措施 本工程新建装置排水系统采取清污分流，拟划分为生活排水系统、生产污水排水系统、净下水排水系统、雨水排水系统。各装置排水设置独立的排水口，安装流量计。生活污水和生产污水经污水处理场处理后与净下水一起排入长江，排水满足GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》一级排放水质要求。 a.乙炔装置 为了降低直流水的用量，减少排污量，凡是能循环使用的水均循环使用。本装置设有一个炭黑循环水系统，该系统的水主要为部分氧化工段排放的炭黑水，水中含炭黑，呈微酸性，该水先送炭黑水处理工段分离炭黑后，大部分炭黑水再送入双曲式冷却塔系统冷却降温并调节pH值，然后送回装置循环使用。 b.甲醇装置 甲醇装置的常压塔塔釜碱性废水经过中和后，经泵升压通过高架管道(安装流量计)排入污水处理场调节池。 c.醋酸乙烯和聚乙烯醇装置 醋酸乙烯装置废醋酸锌溶液和反应器更换触媒冲洗水的含锌废水经泵升压通过高架管道(安装流量计)排入污水处理场调节池，加入氢氧化钠，使其生成氢氧urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 化锌沉淀物，经沉淀后上清液再去生化处理。其它废水则直接经废水管网送污水处理场。 由于醋酸乙烯装置和聚乙烯醇装置均有酸碱废水排放，故合建一中和池，将两装置的酸碱废水中和处理后送污水处理场。 3、声环境保护对策措施 (1)设计时，在设备选型方面要考虑选用低噪声的设备。 (2)对噪声较大的压缩机、风机等设备，单独布置在压缩机房内，压缩机厂房内不设置操作间，风机进出口配有消音器等。 (3)工艺装置、加热炉和锅炉等的蒸汽或压力气体的放空，选用适用于该种气体特性的放空消音器。 (4)为降低火炬的噪声，选用低噪声火炬头。 (5)管道设计与调节阀的选型考虑防止振动和噪声，避免赶到截面突变;管道与强烈振动的设备连接处选用柔性接头;对辐射强噪声的管道，应采取隔声、消声措施。 、固废综合利用及处置措施 4 空分装置的分子筛吸附剂、三氧化二铝、乙炔装置的废氧化铁脱硫剂、聚乙烯醇装置的离子交换树酯、污水处理场的活性污泥属于一般工业固体废物，送川维厂新建的一般工业固体废物填埋场填埋。 乙炔装置的废活性炭脱硫剂、醋酸乙烯装置的废触媒、甲醇装置的废脱硫剂，属于危险废物，送长寿区危险固废处置场对其进行处理。 乙炔装置清出的炭黑属于一般工业固体废物，其含焦炭量为20,，可送现有煤锅炉作燃料。 聚乙烯醇装置醇解机、榨压机、粉碎机排出的湿废PVA和干燥机取出的PVA废料回收利用。 甲醇装置产生含有贵重金属(钴、钼、镍、铜、锌)的废催化剂委托重庆宏源实业有限公司回收处置。 锅炉干灰和炉渣先送新建的一般固体废物填埋场进行堆放，视情况将干灰送附近的水泥厂综合利用，炉渣用于铺路或作建材原料，具体委托重庆四维建筑材料有限责任公司处置。 以上固体废物均得到了有效处置。 五、结论与建议 urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high 13 efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway (1)综合结论 综上所述，拟建项目符合国家和三峡库区产业政策，符合长寿区城市总体规划及重庆(长寿)化工园区产业发展导向的要求。选用的生产工艺成熟、先进、可靠，符合循环经济要求，清洁生产的特点明显，各项污染物可实现达标排放，对环境不会造成明显影响，不会改变区域环境功能，因此，从环境保护的角度分析，拟建项目选址合理，建设方案可行。 (2)建议 a. 本项目属化工类改扩建项目，具有一定潜在的事故风险，尽管最大可信事故概率较小，但应在从建设、生产、储运等各方面积极采取防护措施，这是确保安全的根本措施。建议川维厂制定新建装置区的应急预案，积极采取有效的应急措施，如必要，要采取社会应急措施，以控制事故和减少对环境造成的危害，并定期进行演练。 b.严格按环境影响报告书的要求认真落实“三同时”，明确职责，专人管理，切实搞好环境管理和监测工作，保证环保设施的正常运行。 urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 拟建项目区 新渣场 附图1 拟建项目在化工园区位置关系图 urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high 1 efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway 醋酸11.45万吨/年 回收醋酸9.72万吨/年 空气0.371万标立方米/年 空分装置 4.6万标立方米/小时 14.24天然气6.25亿标立方米/年 聚乙烯醇装置万吨/年 乙炔装置 醋酸乙烯装置聚乙烯醇8.0万吨/年 8.0万吨/年 10万吨/年 30万吨/年 乙炔尾气0.744万吨/年9.80亿标立方米/年一、三甲乙炔尾气醋酸乙烯15.76万吨/年5.952亿标立方米/年 甲醇68万吨/年 甲醇整合装置扬子乙酰氢气 90万吨/年 0.554亿标立方米/年供扬子乙酰现有装置自用 甲醇17.5万吨/年原二甲天然气 转化及 回收2驰放气去二甲转化炉作燃料供川维厂现有装置自用1.08亿标立方米/年0.72亿标立方米/年 甲醇2.98万吨/年 附图2 川维厂天然气乙炔改扩建工程总工艺流程图 urban traffic structure in the urban public transport system, rail traffic with a fast, large capacity, low pollution and high efficiency, become an indispensable part of urban traffic structure, is the contradiction between supply and demand of the growing metropolis, cities, effective means to meet the needs of urban traffic. The following table is a rail transport and other modes of urban passenger transport capacity, transportation speed and resource consumption, and so on. Comparison of urban passenger traffic characteristics table 5.1-2 traffic volume (human/h) transport speed (km/people) Road area occupied (M2/people) scope bike 2,000 10-15 3,000 short car 20-50 10-20 wide bus 6,000-9,000 1-2 40-60 0.25-0.5 from the Metro light rail of 10,000-30,000 in long-distance line 3 More than 0,000 40-60 do not occupy an area both in terms of transport over long distances, transport efficiency, or from the level of resource consumption and environmental pollution, rail transport is undoubtedly an effective means to solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities. Especially in urban population strength enormous traffic demand on the route to ease traffic pressure, rail transportation has incomparable advantages. Washington, DC, area of 177km2, and a population of 600,000, is a United States political center. For the Washington Metro system United States second-busiest subway, second only to the New York subway, opened in 1976. Current rail sizes for 5, station 86, total 171.6km, net annual passenger volume reached 223 million people. According to statistics, from 2000 to 2009 vehicle trip down 12.7%, bus travel has increased by 12%. Objectives of the Washington Metro system boils down to the following three points: by driving onto the tracks at the station transfer mode in order to alleviate traffic congestion; For those who will not or cannot drive the person with a better option than conventional public transit; Block highway