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下奶回奶食物-自己搜集总结

2017-09-20 50页 doc 177KB 29阅读

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下奶回奶食物-自己搜集总结下奶回奶食物-自己搜集总结 麦芽糖,山楂 韭菜,花椒,大料,味精,豆角,人参,菌菇类,茄子,柚子,藕,木耳,巧克力,笋,麦片,火腿、炒麦芽、麦乳精(一般生麦芽)有退奶的作用;同时哺乳期一要少吃味精,最好不吃味精,同时少吃葱、姜、大蒜、辣椒等,少吃油炸、油煎、和肥厚味的食物,韭菜,花椒是回奶的。 下奶食品: 大家应该很容易想到,因为老人们大多知道,例如猪蹄汤(常见的是猪蹄炖黄豆、猪蹄炖花生、猪蹄炖木瓜等,炖时猪蹄角不要去掉,否则据说会功效大减),鲫鱼汤,酒酿煮鸡蛋,排骨海带汤,等等。 想要奶多,需要注意的是: (1)汤水...
下奶回奶食物-自己搜集总结
下奶回奶食物-自己搜集 麦芽糖,山楂 韭菜,花椒,大料,味精,豆角,人参,菌菇类,茄子,柚子,藕,木耳,巧克力,笋,麦片,火腿、炒麦芽、麦乳精(一般生麦芽)有退奶的作用;同时哺乳期一要少吃味精,最好不吃味精,同时少吃葱、姜、大蒜、辣椒等,少吃油炸、油煎、和肥厚味的食物,韭菜,花椒是回奶的。 下奶食品: 大家应该很容易想到,因为老人们大多知道,例如猪蹄汤(常见的是猪蹄炖黄豆、猪蹄炖花生、猪蹄炖木瓜等,炖时猪蹄角不要去掉,否则据说会功效大减),鲫鱼汤,酒酿煮鸡蛋,排骨海带汤,等等。 想要奶多,需要注意的是: (1)汤水必须多喝,一点点汤是不够的。 (2)饭菜必须多吃,光喝汤是不行的。妈妈应该多吃,营养要全面,蛋、鱼、肉、鸡、豆制品、蔬菜、水果、粗粮、汤水等,还要多喝豆浆和含有维生素AD的牛奶。禁止吸烟、饮酒、吃辛辣食品,慎用药物。 一般哺乳期每日食谱应当至少包括: 粮食:500,700克 蛋类:200克(4个) 肉类:200,250克 豆制品:50,100克 牛奶:250克 汤水:1000,1500ml 蔬菜:500克(其中,绿叶蔬菜不少于250克) 注意,按照老人的说法,生一个孩掉一颗牙,生完孩子后,牙齿很可能有松动感,所以产后食品应当做的软一些,如果产妇吃硬的食物,很可能会加剧牙齿的不适感。(我当时连家常烙饼都咬不动,呵呵) (3)心情要好,哪怕没有太多奶,也要自信自己慢慢会成为合格的奶牛。产后一两周内奶水少是正常的,只要宝宝多吮吸,就能逐渐增多。 (4)睡眠要好。充足的休息,会促进奶液分泌,所以一定要多睡觉。 (5)在刚开始,如果奶少或者没奶,不要喝母鸡汤,而要喝公鸡汤,而且连着公鸡睾丸一起吃。等奶多以后,才开始喝母鸡汤,否则,奶很可能会越来越少。 回奶食品: 大麦茶、麦芽糖,韭菜,花椒,大料,味精,豆角,人参等等。回奶食品主要用于断奶时,要想奶多,回奶食品当然要少吃,否则奶水就会无形中变得可怜了。 下奶食物:猪蹄、花生、黄豆、鲫鱼、米酒、乌鸡汤、鱿鱼、豆浆、茭白、丝瓜、黄豆、虾 下奶药物:通草、王不留行、生乳汁 回奶食物:麦芽、蒲公英、花椒、茶叶、韭菜、猪肝、醋、芝麻、苦瓜、柚子、鸽子、巧克力、麦片、香椿、豆鼔,太咸太辣的 回奶药物:回奶茶 一、汤水方法催奶 1、 黑芝麻250克,炒熟研末,用猪蹄汤送服。 1 / 53 2、 猪蹄1对,茭白15克,通草10克,煨汤或煮熟吃。 3、 花生米炖猪蹄或炖猪肚,或用花生米与大米同煮粥。 4、 冬瓜皮煮鲢鱼。 5、 红小豆煮粥,加红糖。 6、 鲜鲤鱼汤或用鲤鱼与大米同煮粥吃。 7、 黄花菜煨猪蹄或黄花菜炖老母鸡汤。 8、 鲜虾、鲜木瓜煮鱼汤。 9、 黄花菜30克,黄豆200克,猪蹄1只,清水适量,炖熟后调味服食,每日1次,连用5日. 10、 豆腐150克,红糖50克,米酒50克,先将豆腐、红糖加适量水煮,待红糖溶化后,倒入米酒煮片刻,吃豆腐喝汤,1次食完,连食5天。 二、中药类方法催奶 1、丝瓜衣、通草各3克煎水喝,或加猪蹄煮汤。若效果不大,可用北芪6克,当归9克,白芷3克,穿山甲6克与丝瓜子3克炖猪蹄,饮汤吃肉,效果极明显。 2、党参、黄芪30g,当归、路路通各18g,柴胡、青皮、陈皮、穿山甲、王不留各12g,香附15g,通草、漏芦各10g,主治产后缺乳〔催奶〕乳汁缺少。用法每日一剂,水煎服。一般服药2,3剂,效佳。 3、猪蹄2只, 炒川芎、当归、木通、王不留行 各9克。将猪蹄洗净,加水煮烂捞出,再在汤中加入上述药物,煎好去渣服用。 4、猪蹄2只,王不留行、穿山甲 各9克。 一起炖汤食用。 5、猪蹄4只或蹄膀1只,通草2克。一起加水充分煎煮,食肉喝汤。 6、花生猪蹄汤:猪蹄2个,花生150克,盐、味精适量。「做法」将猪蹄除去蹄甲和毛后洗净,和花生一起放入炖锅中,加水适量,小火炖熟,加食盐、味精调味即可食用。「评价」花生性味甘平,入肺脾经,其功能益气、养血、和胃。猪蹄补血通乳,主治产妇产后乳汁缺乏。 7、黄芪炖鸡汤「原料」黄芪50克,枸杞15克,红枣10个,母鸡1只(1000克左右),生姜2片,盐、米酒适量。「做法」黄芪、枸杞、姜片放滤袋内,母鸡洗净,氽烫、冲凉、切块,与红枣一起放锅内。加入清水,小火炖焖1小时后加盐、米酒即可食用。「评价」黄芪可补气健脾、益肺止汗,民间常用于治疗产后乳汁缺少,又可补虚固表,治疗产后虚汗症。母鸡性味甘温,能温中健脾、补益气血。此汤适用产后体虚、面色萎黄、乳汁过少、易出虚汗等症。需要注意的是,黄芪炖鸡汤宜在产后5,7天后食用。 8、猪蹄通草汤:「原料」猪蹄2只,通草6克,葱白3根。「做法」将以上3味共同加水煮汤通草有清热通乳的功能。此汤每日分3次服,连服3日,适用于产后缺乳。 哺乳期,随婴儿逐渐长大,奶汁量也逐渐增加。正常情况下,哺乳3个月时的奶量大约700,800毫升,6个月时达1000毫升。由此可见,乳母需要的热量和营养远远高于未哺乳妇女,所以,古今中外都重视给乳母大量补充营养。由于各地习俗不同,下奶的膳食也不一致。尽管各地习惯不同,膳食各异,但归纳起来看,膳食原则是一致的,不外乎: (1)增加摄入总量达到热卡3000千卡,日; (2)增加各种营养成分。例如,鸡蛋、肉、鱼等食物; (3)多吃新鲜青菜、水果和豆制品; 2 / 53 (4)多喝猪蹄汤、骨头汤、鱼汤等,以增加水份。 奶不够多喝点鲫鱼汤加点海带和黄豆芽,我就是孩子生下来的时候就多喝汤.不管什么汤都多喝,菜也多吃. 1.按需吸吮、坚持不懈地给婴儿喂奶是保证乳量的最好方法。 2.多多吸吮:将婴儿放在母亲身边,一旦需要就给婴儿喂奶,夜间间隔时间可长一些,但不可不喂奶。另外,还应适当延长每侧***的喂奶时间 3.母亲多吃含足够蛋白质的食物:牛奶、奶制品、肉类、鱼类以及蔬菜、水果和奖果。如果在奶前10--15分钟,能喝一杯加奶的茶水、酸奶、糖渍果品或蔷薇花,奶水就会增多。 4.饮食中影响奶量分泌的浓茶、酒类等刺激性东西应该避免。 5.生活要有规律,宜保持心情舒畅,避免过于疲劳。精神上的振奋和愉悦会促使体内的催乳素水平增高,从而使奶水尽快增多。 6.为了避免喂奶时分心,可以关上门拉好窗帘,使周围环境安静。 7.心理调整:首先要相信自己有能力哺喂自己的婴儿,有这种信心才能坚持母乳喂养。其次,要放松自己,休息好、思想愉快,这样可促进催乳素的分泌。其三,多与自己的婴儿接触,孩子的皮肤、动作、表情和气味等都是催乳素分泌的促进剂。 8.食物催乳:民间有许多催乳的食疗方,可以运用。如鲜鲫鱼熬汤,猪蹄炖花生米,酒酿鸡蛋花汤等。 9.药物催乳:西药灭吐灵、氯丙嗪等有促进泌乳的作用,但应在医生的指导下运用。 下列中药和食物有增加奶量的作用:(1)中药:贝母,王不留行,蒺藜,三棱,蒲公英,茭白;(2)食物:大豆,糯米,大红豆,丝瓜,墨鱼。木瓜。 介绍几种下奶食谱: 1、醋溜木瓜煲-下奶食谱 木瓜一斤、米姜半两洗净,加入米醋50毫升,放入砂锅炖40分钟后即可食用。 2、鲜虾猪蹄汤-下奶食谱 将鲜虾3两洗净去壳,猪蹄一只切成6-8块,放入砂锅内用清水旺火炖熟,加入黄酒,肉汤同吃,服5-7次见效。注意:皮肤过敏者忌用此方。 3、鸡蛋芝麻-下奶食谱 芝麻能润肠通便、补肺益气、滋补肝肾、养血增乳等。芝麻与养阴补血、养心安神的鸡蛋制成菜肴,具有养血通乳的作用。适于产后乳汁不足者食用。 鸡蛋2-5个,芝麻适量,精盐少许。制作:将芝麻淘洗干净,沥干水分,炒香,与精盐混合均匀,碾碎。鸡蛋用水煮熟后,去壳,蘸芝麻食之,连服3-5日。 造成奶水不足的原因 1、过早添加配方奶或其他食品 这是造成奶水不足的主要原因之一。由于宝宝已经吃了其他食物,并不感觉 饥饿,便自动减少吸奶的时间,如此一来,乳汁便会自动调节减少产量。 2、喂食时间过短 有些妈妈限制哺喂的次数,或者每次喂食时间过短等,都会造成母奶产量的 减少。事实上,哺喂母奶不必有固定的时间表,宝宝饿了就可以吃;每次哺喂的时间也应由宝宝自己来决定。有时候宝宝的嘴离开妈妈的乳头,可 3 / 53 能只是想休息一下、喘一口气(吸奶是很累的,有没有听过“使出吃奶的力气” 这句话),或是因为好奇心想要观察周围的环境等。 3、婴儿快速生长期 大约二至三周、六周、以及三个月左右,是婴儿较为快速的生长阶段,此时 宝宝会频频要求吸奶,这可说是宝宝本能的在增加妈妈的奶水产量,若在此时添加其他食物,反而会妨碍奶水的增加。 4、授乳妇营养不良 妈妈平日应该多注意营养,不宜过度减轻体重,以免影响乳汁的分泌;最好 多食用富含蛋白质的食物,进食适量的液体,并注意营养是否均衡。 5、人工挤乳器损坏或不会使用 有时妈妈已经恢复上班,便用挤乳器挤出母乳喂食宝宝,没想到却越挤越 少;此时请先检查人工挤乳器是否损坏,不过由于大多数人工挤乳器,并不像宝宝的嘴那般具有增加母乳产量的能力,因此在挤的时候千万保持耐心慢慢来。 6、药物影响 妈妈若吃含雌性激素的避孕药,或因疾病正接受某些药物治疗,有时会影响 泌乳量,此时应避免使用这些药物,在就诊时,应让医师知道你正在喂母乳。 7、母亲睡眠不足、压力过大 为人母的工作是十分耗费精神以及体力的,建议妈妈们应放松心情,多找时 间休息,就可以解决暂时奶水不足的现象。 具有通乳作用的药物 西医对于奶水不足,除了***按摩及催产激素注射外,并没有很好的处理方法,而中医则建议食补重于药补。例如:怀孕时若有妊娠贫血,要服用铁剂补充,以预防产后大出血,造成体营养不足;产后则要增加营养,尤其要富含蛋白质的食物和新鲜蔬菜;若是为了钙的补给,最好多吃些连骨一起的小鱼(如:仔鱼),及吃些芝麻豆腐、芝麻拌菜,用油以植物油较理想。中药中具有通乳作用的药物有下面几种: 1、冬葵子:下乳滑胎,可治产后乳汁稀少或排乳困难、***胀痛。 2、王不留行、穿山甲:妇人服之,乳长流。治乳汁稀少或排乳不畅,可用王不留行煮猪蹄膀,配穿山甲、通草、黄耆等。 3、通草:用于产妇乳汁少,为下乳常用药,常配合王不留行、穿山甲使用,如下乳方。 4、王瓜、土瓜根:通乳药多用之。 5、滑石:通乳滑胎。 6、赤小豆:下胞衣、通乳汁,出自《本草纲目》;煮赤小豆汁饮,可下乳汁,出自《产书方》 中医常用方剂: 1、通乳丹:内含当归、麦冬,可以养血滋阴,猪蹄可以补益通乳,通草也有宣络通乳的作用。 2、涌泉散:王不留行、天花粉、猪蹄、有行气通乳的作用。 3、猪蹄汤:有用猪蹄加花生或猪蹄加通草。 参考方剂:猪蹄、花生、王不留行五钱、穿山甲三钱、当归、川芎、通草各四钱,对于许多产后缺乳的妇女都有很效果。 母乳对于宝宝来说,是任何食物都不能比拟的最佳食品。很多太太都面临母乳不足的情况,新爸爸们真是看在眼里急在心里。怎样才能改变这种状况呢,最好的是给母乳添加催化剂。但添加什么,如何添加又让新爸爸们 4 / 53 无从下手。其实解决并不是惟一的,你可以根据实际情况进行选择。 (1)加强宝宝的吮吸。实验证明,宝宝吃奶后,妈妈血液中的催乳素会成倍增长。这是因为宝宝吮吸乳头,可促进妈妈脑下垂体分泌催乳激素,从而增加乳汁的分泌。 (2)避免服药。哺乳期内,你一定要提醒太太不能乱服药。有些药物和食物会影响乳汁的分泌,如抗甲状腺药物、山楂等。遇到太太生病,最好在医生的嘱咐下服药。 (3)补充营养。乳汁中的各种营养素都来源于妈妈的体内,如果妈妈长期处于营养不良的状况,自然会影响正常的乳汁分泌。你一定要把大厨的职位担当好,为太太选择营养价值高的食物,如牛奶、鸡蛋、蔬菜、水果等。同时,多准备一点汤水,对太太乳汁的分泌能起催化作用。 (4)保持乳母良好的情绪。分娩后的妈妈,在生理因素及环境因素的作用下,情绪波动较大,常常会出现情绪低迷的状态,这会制约母乳分泌。医学实验表明,乳母在情绪低落的情况下,乳汁分泌会急剧减少。因此,你有义务为太太创造良好的生活环境,并随时关注其心理健康。 (5)食疗。在采取上述措施的基础上,再结合催乳食物,效果会更明显。如猪蹄、花生米等食物,对乳汁的分泌有良好的促进作用。 均衡饮食,是哺乳妈妈的重要法则。 哺乳妈妈对水分的补充也应相当重视。由于妈妈常会感到口渴,可在喂奶时补充水分,或是多喝鲜鱼汤、鸡汤、鲜奶及开水等汤汁饮品。水分补充适度即可,这样乳汁的供给才会既充足又富营养。 为了恢复身材而急于减肥的妈妈很难保证奶水的供应。在此建议哺乳妈妈最好能等哺乳期结束以后,再控制饮食减肥。其实喂奶已经消耗了很多热量,只要妈妈们饮食不过量,再配合着做一些产后运动,就能避免脂肪的囤积。 催乳药膳5则 如果以上方法仍不见效的话,您还可以试试中医药膳催乳。药膳是药物与食物的结合,既营养又催乳,可谓一举两得。下面就给您介绍5种实用、美味的催乳药膳。 1、莴苣子粥 材料 莴苣子15克、甘草6克、粳米100克。 做法 将莴苣子捣碎,加甘草,再加水200毫升同煮,煮至水剩余100毫升时,滤汁去渣。将滤汁、粳米一同入锅,加水同煮,米烂即成。 功效 莴苣子是菊科植物莴苣的种子,以颗粒饱满、干燥无杂质者为佳。它性味苦寒,能下乳汁,通小便。甘草性味甘平,能和中缓急,调和诸药。粳米粥被誉为“世间第一补人之物”。三物合用,是很好的催乳药膳。 2、山甲炖母鸡 材料 老母鸡1只、穿山甲(炮制)60克,葱、姜、蒜、五香粉、精盐等适量。 做法 母鸡去毛及内脏,穿山甲砸成小块,填入鸡腹内。入锅,加水及调味料,炖至肉烂脱骨即可食用。 穿山甲性味咸凉,通经下乳。李时珍在《本草纲目》中写道“穿山甲、王不留,妇人食了乳长流,亦言其迅速也”。鸡肉营养丰富,性味甘温平,既补气,又补血。 3、花生粥 材料 花生米30克、通草8克、王不留行12克、粳米50克、红糖适量。 做法 先将通草、王不留行煎煮,去渣留汁。再将药汁、花生米、粳米一同入锅,加水熬煮。待花生米、粳米煮烂后,加入红糖即可食用。 功效 通草性味甘淡凉,入肺胃经,能泻肺、利小便、下乳汁。王不留行是石竹科植物麦蓝菜的种子,性味苦 5 / 53 平,二药合用治疗乳汁不足,疗效更佳。 4、炒黄花猪腰 材料 猪肾(腰子)500克、黄花菜50克、淀粉、姜、葱、蒜、味精、白糖、植物油、精盐各适量。 做法 将猪肾一剖为二,剔去筋膜腺体备用。锅烧热后,放植成热时,放葱、姜、蒜入锅煸香,再放入腰花爆炒片刻,至猪腰变色熟透时,加黄花菜、盐、糖再炒片刻,加淀粉勾芡推匀,最后加味精即成。 功效 中医理论,猪肾性味咸平,主治肾虚腰痛,身面水肿。黄花菜性味甘平,能补虚下奶,利尿消肿。另外,黄花菜根亦有催乳作用。本药膳适合于肾虚导致的缺乳。 5、王不留行炖猪蹄 材料 猪蹄3,4个、王不留行12克、调味料若干。 做法 将王不留行用纱布包裹,和洗净的猪蹄一起放进锅内,加水及调味料煮烂即可食用。 功效 猪蹄性味甘咸平,常用以治疗乳汁不足。加上王不留行,对缺乳具有良好的疗效。 ***的清洁与按摩技巧 用干净的毛巾蘸些温开水,由乳头中心往乳晕方向成环形擦拭,两侧轮流热敷,每侧各15分钟,同时配合下列按摩方式: a、环形按摩 双手置于***的上、下方,以环形方向按摩整个***; b、螺旋形按摩 一手托住***,另一手食指和中指以螺旋形向乳头方向按摩; c、指压式按摩 双手张开置于***两侧,由***向乳头挤压。 3、增加乳汁分泌的方法乳头矫正方法 有关妈妈乳汁不足的各类问题,其实都是可以改善的。可使用乳头矫正的方法:以左手或右手的食指及拇指放在乳晕两旁,先往下压,再向两旁推开;或是以乳头为中心点,采取左右、上下对称的方式按摩,这种方法会使乳头较易突出。另外,也可在生产前注意***及乳头的保养。可在洗澡时以清水洗涤***,但不可太过用力清洗乳头,以免引起子宫早期收缩。 勤于喂奶,让宝宝多吸吮妈妈的乳头。 其实妈妈的奶水越少,越要增加宝宝吮吸的次数;由于宝宝吮吸的力量较大,正好可借助宝宝的嘴巴来按摩乳晕。宝宝跟母乳的关系是从出生后开始的。婴儿被抱在妈妈胸前时,自然而然地就会开始寻找奶头。建议新手妈妈们,一定不要因为刚开始没有乳汁就不让孩子吸吮奶头,应该让他多多接触乳头,渐渐地婴儿就会学着靠自己的力量去吸吮了。由于宝宝的这种吮吸是使出了全身的力气,会使妈妈的乳头很疼,妈妈可千万不要因为怕疼而不喂宝宝母乳呀~ 妈妈应每2,3小时喂宝宝1次,但仍需配合宝宝的需求来喂。宝宝只要饿了就喂,喂得越多,奶水分泌得就越多;至于宝宝吃的奶是否足够的问题,可以检查孩子的尿片,只要一天至少换6,7片的话,就表示宝宝吸吮的奶水量足够了。 尽量不用配方奶粉补充 妈妈自身若无特殊状况发生,如腮腺炎、发烧、乳头破裂等状况,应尽量让宝宝吃母乳。吃婴儿配方奶粉会让宝宝缺乏饥饿感,从而减少吮吸母奶的机会。这样一来,妈妈的奶水自然就会减少。 补充水分,均衡饮食,不急于减肥。 6 / 53 喂母奶者要注意营养的摄取。基本上要做到均衡饮食。喂奶时,每天大约要消耗2 100,4 200焦耳的热量;妈妈所摄取的食物种类,也会直接影响到乳汁的分泌与质量。因此,均衡摄取各种食物是很重要的,它们包括糖类、脂肪、蛋白质、维生素、矿物质等5大营养元素。哺乳妈妈要特别注意钙质与铁质的吸收,这方面可从奶类或豆制品中摄取。民间食疗,如猪蹄、麻油鸡、鲫鱼汤等,也都是下奶的食物,可以吃,但不可过量,以免造成肥胖。 均衡饮食,是哺乳妈妈的重要法则。 哺乳妈妈对水分的补充也应相当重视。由于妈妈常会感到口渴,可在喂奶时补充水分,或是多喝鲜鱼汤、鸡汤、鲜奶及开水等汤汁饮品。水分补充适度即可,这样乳汁的供给才会既充足又富营养。 为了恢复身材而急于减肥的妈妈很难保证奶水的供应。在此建议哺乳妈妈最好能等哺乳期结束以后,再控制饮食减肥。其实喂奶已经消耗了很多热量,只要妈妈们饮食不过量,再配合着做一些产后运动,就能避免脂肪的囤积。 避免乳头受伤 新妈妈的乳头若有受伤、破皮、皲裂或流血的现象并导致发炎时,应暂时停止吸吮受伤的一侧,让宝宝先吸吮健康一侧的***,等伤口痊愈后再进行哺喂。为避免乳头受伤,建议妈妈们采用正确的喂奶姿势,控制好单侧的吮吸时间,否则很容易反复受伤,从而影响到母亲喂奶的信心。 足够的休息 有些妈妈会因产后激素的大量改变而引起产后忧郁症,如果再加上喂母乳的疲倦及压力,会使奶水量减少。因此哺乳妈妈要多休息,保持心情愉快,才能产出多多的奶水。 新手妈妈要对哺乳有信心、要坚持 许多新妈妈不相信只靠自己的乳汁就能喂饱宝宝。其实,不论女性***的形状、大小如何,都能制造出足够的奶水,从而带给宝宝丰富的营养。 不过,妈妈在喂奶过程中也确实辛苦。因为母奶易于消化、吸收,所以宝宝通常很快就会饿了,这样妈妈平均每2小时就得喂1次。有些婴儿的需求量更大。一旦母亲觉得婴儿没吃饱而给他添加配方奶的话,孩子会渐渐习惯流速大且不需要花费太多力气的婴儿配方奶从而拒绝吸吮乳头,这是造成妈妈日后喂母奶困难和奶水不足的主要原因。因此,家人的支持与体谅,尤其是先生与长辈们的支持与体谅,对妈妈们来说特别重要。你这种情况一定要让宝宝多吮吸,以上几点你不妨试试,希望对你和宝宝有帮助,祝宝宝健康快乐~ 催奶食谱8个及相关文摘2篇 一、炖豆腐猪蹄香菇 此菜含蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钙、磷、铁、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、尼克酸、维生素C等,能益气生血、养筋健骨,通络下乳,行气散结,清热解毒。特别适合妇女产后食用,对于乳汁分泌不足者,具有良好的生乳作用,对于乳络不通,胀乳汁少或乳胀生结,疼痛乳少,***微热者,有通络行乳,散结止痛,清热除瘀的作用,能促进乳汁通利,防止乳腺炎的发生。 原料: 豆腐、丝瓜各200克,香菇50克,猪前蹄1个(约1000克左右),盐10克,姜丝、葱段各5克,味精3克。 制作: 1、 净猪蹄去净毛,清水洗净,用刀斩成小块,待用。 2、 把豆腐放入盐水中浸泡10,15分钟,用清水洗净,切成小块。 3、 将丝瓜削去外皮,清水冲洗净,切成薄片。 4、 把香菇先切去老蒂头,清水浸软后,洗净。 7 / 53 5、 将猪蹄置于洗净的锅中,加水约2500克,于炉火上煎煮,煮至肉烂时,放入香菇、豆腐及丝瓜,并加入盐、姜丝、葱段、味精,再煮几分钟后即可离火,分数次食之。 二、葱烧鲫鱼 此菜含有丰富的优质蛋白质和钙、磷等矿物质。鲫鱼温中补虚、健脾利水,小葱发汗,通二便,下乳汁,是乳母的一种营养菜肴。 原料: 鲫鱼400克,小葱125克,酱油30克,精盐2克,白糖、姜、蒜各10克,料酒15克,味精少许,花生油300克(约耗50克)。 制作: 1、鲫鱼去鳞、鳃、内脏,洗净;小葱择洗干净,每三四根打成一个结子,放进鱼腹内。 2、炒锅上火,放入花生油,烧至九成热,放入鲫鱼煎透,捞出沥油。 3、炒锅置火上,放入花生油烧热,下姜末、蒜片,加酱油、料酒、白糖、精盐和适量清水,把鱼放入锅中,用文火炖30分钟,撒入味精,即成。 三、肉丁香干炒青豆 此菜营养丰富,含有较多的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钙、磷、铁、锌及胡萝卜素、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素E、尼克酸等多种营养素,有利下奶。 原料: 猪瘦肉、豆腐干、青豆各50克,胡萝卜100克,植物油15克,酱油10克,甜面酱、白糖各5克,姜片2克。 制作: 1、猪肉洗净,切成小丁;青豆洗净;胡萝卜、豆腐干洗净,均分别切小丁。 2、炒锅上火,放油烧热,下姜片稍煸,再下肉丁,炒至变色,加青豆、胡萝卜丁,炒至快熟时,放豆腐干,加甜面酱、酱油、白糖,旺火快炒,炒熟即成。 3、旺火快炒菜时,如嫌太干,可略加水炒至熟。 四、沙锅鲫鱼 此菜含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、糖质、多种无机盐和维生素,能促进乳汁的分泌。 原料: 鲜鲫鱼2条(约600克),猪肥膘肉30克,粉条30克,香菜5克,盐、料酒、醋、白糖、葱、姜、味精各适量。 制作: 1、将鲫鱼刮鳞去鳃,取出内脏,洗净,在鱼身两侧斜切成十字花刀,放入沸水锅内烫一下,捞出,控干水。 2、将猪肥膘肉洗净,切成小丁;香菜择洗净,切成末;粉条用温水泡软;葱去皮洗净,切成丝;姜洗净,切丝。 3、洗净沙锅,放入鲫鱼、肥肉丁、粉条,添汤,加盐、料酒、醋、白糖、葱丝、姜丝,盖上盖,将锅置于火上,烧开后撇去浮沫,改用小火炖30分钟,加味精、香菜段即成。 五、鲤鱼通乳汤 鲫鱼历来被民间用作通乳的食物,配以通气上达、下乳汁的通草和补血通乳的猪蹄,具有补中益气、通乳的功效。适于产后乳汁不下、乳少者食用。 原料: 鲫鱼500克,通草20克,猪前蹄200克,料酒10克,精盐3克,味精2克,葱段10克,姜片10克,胡椒粉2 8 / 53 克。 制作: 1、将猪蹄弄干净,放沸水锅中焯一下,去掉血水,洗净;通草洗净。 2、将鲫鱼去鳞、鳃、内脏,收拾干净,洗净。 3、锅置火上,放入适量清水,放进猪蹄煮一段时间,加入鲫鱼、通草、料酒、盐、胡椒粉、葱段、姜片,煮至猪蹄、鱼肉熟烂、捞出姜、葱,用味精调味后即成。 4、猪蹄一定要收拾干净,去掉毛,刮洗干净,可先放在清水中浸泡30分钟,去除血水等。 六、三鲜汤 此汤含有丰富的优质蛋白质、多种矿物质及多种维生素,具有滋补、催乳作用。 原料: 水发参50克,鸡脯肉50克,大虾1个,冬笋10克,油菜心10克,酱油、盐、味精、香油、鸡汤各适量。 制作: 1、将冬笋切成小片;油菜心洗净,用沸水烫一下;海参、鸡脯肉片成小薄片;大虾去掉头、皮、沙线,片成薄片。 2、锅中放鸡汤烧开,加入海参、鸡肉、虾片、冬笋片、油菜心,再加入盐、酱油烧开,撇去浮沫,淋入香油,加上味精即可出锅。 七、猪蹄汤 此汤含有丰富的优质蛋白质、脂肪、钙、磷、铁、锌等矿物质和多种维生素,是产妇下奶佳品。 原料: 猪蹄、猪排骨、鸡骨架共1500克,白菜适量,海米少许,盐、味精、料酒、姜片、葱花、花椒各少许。 制作: 1、 将猪蹄、排骨、鸡骨架用温水洗净,放火锅内,加水烧开,撇去浮沫,放入葱花、姜片、花椒、料酒,用急火连续煮2-3小时,直至汤汁呈乳白色、浓香扑鼻时捞出骨头。 2、 将浸泡好的海米放入汤锅内,把白菜切成小块,也放入锅内,用旺火翻煮,加盐、味精,搅匀即成。 八、木瓜煲鳅鱼汤 此汤含丰富的维生素A、维生素C、蛋白质和矿物质等,具有补虚、通乳的功效。“木瓜煲鳅鱼汤”是我国民间传统的催乳验方,有效的发奶剂,专治妇女产后乳汁缺乏等症。 原料: 木瓜1个,牛鳅鱼2条(约600克),生姜4片,杏仁5克,蜜枣8个,猪油、盐各少许。 制作: 1、 将木瓜刮去外皮,去核,清水洗净,切成厚块。 2、 把牛鳅鱼去鳞、鳃,清除内脏,清水冲洗干净;杏仁、蜜枣分别用清水洗净。 3、 将锅置于火上,下猪油,烧热,放入牛鳅鱼煎香至透,盛出。 4、 将清水适量放入煲内煮沸,放人姜片,牛鳅鱼、杏仁、蜜枣,煲加盖,用文火煲1小时。 5、 把木瓜放入煲中,再煲半小时,加入少许盐调味,便可饮食。 许多新妈妈困惑着她们将来怎么会知道宝宝是否得到足够的奶水呢,而且也烦恼着她们可能不会有足够的奶水来喂小孩,通过了解母奶产生的过程,会让人放心。 9 / 53 事实上,您奶水的多少是由婴孩吸吮的情形而决定的,当您的婴孩吸吮您的乳头时,他的吸吮刺激您体内的两种荷尔蒙,泌乳激素及催产素,由脑下垂体分泌。婴儿越吸就越有荷尔蒙、蛋白质的产生,假如您的婴孩需要吃的奶超过您产生的奶水,那么他会吃的频繁些,努力的吸吮产生更多的奶水。催产素在***内引起收缩使挤出奶水供给婴儿,这称做“喷乳”反应,这也是妈妈们所以在刚开始喂奶后会觉得***内紧紧麻麻之原因。 母乳制造是一个最好的供需原理。在刚开始,您的身体不知道婴孩需多少奶水,在哺乳一段时间以后,您的身体便可以作适当的调整来配合您的婴儿所需。 您的婴孩获得足够的奶水吗, 从以下几点您可以肯定您的婴孩是获得足够的奶水的: 1、 每天换6到8次很湿的尿片以及排大便约二至五次。稍大时(六至八周以后)排大便次数会渐减,可能一天一次或三、四天才一次,仍可从湿尿片来观察他是否得到足够的奶水。 2、 他体重每星期平均增加4到7盎司或一个月一英磅(453克),虽然普通的婴孩一星期是增加4到7盎司,但不一定每星期都一样,会有时多、有时少,这都是正常的。 3、 您婴孩第一次检查身体时切记,大部分的婴孩在刚出生后体重都会减轻。而体重增加的计算应由婴孩体重的最低点算起而不是出生时的体重,有些婴孩过了三、四星期才增加至出生时的体重。 4、 他需要时常喂奶----在一天24小时内须喂8到12次或者每2或3小时喂一次。这是平均情况,但有些婴孩吃的次数多,有些少。吃的次数少不见得是不正常,除非他的体重增加情形不良好。 5、 他看起来是健康的----他肤色很健康、皮肤很有弹性,长胖了、长高了而且机警有活力,肌肉有弹性。 错误的警讯 有些妈妈以为她们是没有足够的奶水,而事实上她们奶水的供应是正常的。她们不了解喂母奶婴孩的一些正常的差异,有时会为一点点特别的症状而烦恼。其实如果您的婴孩体重增加正常,换尿片情形也正常,那么便没有什么好烦恼的,你的婴孩就象以下的情形: 1、您的婴孩需要时常喂奶 许多婴孩需要时常吸吮或时常与妈妈在一起的需求,这都表示他是得到足够的奶水的,而不是缺乏奶水。 2、您的婴孩似乎老是饥饿 母奶较牛奶易于消化,也不似牛奶之给未成熟的婴孩胃肠的负荷,所以吃母乳的婴孩需要更常喂奶。 3、您知道您的婴孩的喂奶习惯、体重及睡眠,不需与其他婴孩比较的。 因为每一个婴孩都是独立的个体,一般的正常情形下有着个别的差异。 1、您的婴孩突然需要时常喂奶,时间也久些。 新生儿时睡眠多的孩子突然醒的多而且需要更常喂奶,同时婴儿在这时候也长得很快(通常差不多在二个星期、六个星期、三个月大时)。这时他们需要更常更多的喂奶,也刺激您有更多的奶水以配合他们成长的需要。 2、您的婴儿突然缩短吃奶的时间,也许每次喂奶会减少5-10分钟。 这时他吃奶可能较有经验了,所以能吸的比较快。 假如担心奶水供应不足 如您奶水的供应不能满足婴儿的需要时,那么您要了解一下所以缺乏的原因,下列有几个因素是引起奶水缺乏的现象: 1、添加物 仅仅用奶瓶装一点点的牛奶、果汁、开水来喂婴儿都会干扰母乳的产生。这些添加物填饱了婴儿使他隔更长的时间再吃奶,这样减少了他吸吮母乳,也就减少了母乳的产生。一天里他受的添加物越多,第二天母乳的产生便越 10 / 53 少,这些果汁、牛奶、开水等,使母乳减少,而非增加。 2、姿势不良 儿应把整个身体面向你的身体,不应该是转过来面向你的***。为了使吸吮正确,母亲在把***靠近他之前应先把他的嘴张够大,并让他含住大部分的乳晕。 3、乳头混淆 用奶瓶可能让婴儿因吸吮方式不同而混淆。如果你的婴儿未能正确地吸奶,他无法刺激你的***产生足够的奶水。 4、安抚奶嘴 有些婴儿以奶嘴满足他“吸吮”的欲望,这样很明显地减少他吸吮母奶的时间,而妨碍母奶与婴儿的供需状况。 5、用“护乳头罩” 隔着一层“护乳头罩”婴儿的吸吮不能顺利传达到母亲的脑下垂体,奶水的流出变慢了,直接影响到母乳产量及孩子能吸到的量。用了护乳头罩几天后便使母乳产量减少。 6、按时喂奶 固定时刻喂奶延迟了婴儿需要吃奶的时间,也中断了母乳的供需状况。当婴儿需要的时候喂奶通常可以满足供应上的需要。 7、安静、爱睡的婴儿 有些婴儿大部分的时间都在睡,而吃的次数很少,时间也很短,象这样如果他的体重也没有增加,尿片也湿的很少,象这样那您就得常常温和的吵醒他、动他,尽量让他至少白天每2小时能吃一点。您也需要替他决定多久吃一次,直到他自己能决定为止。 8、加长喂奶的时间 让孩子吸奶吸久一点(20至40分钟),那么奶水的供应也会多些。比较能吸到含有高卡路里的“后奶”。所以喂奶的时间短了,而您的婴孩正需要增加供应时,便受到了妨碍。 9、一次只喂一边 当奶水的供需差不多固定的时候,有些妈妈喜欢每次只喂一边。如果要增加奶水供应,两边都喂,因为一次喂一边的情形下,孩子吃的量少,***被少吸而受刺激的也少,则供应量便无法增加了。 一;回奶食物: 麦芽、花椒、大料、味精、豆角、茶叶、山楂、韭菜、马兰头、豆鼓、茴香、人参、老母鸡、动物肝脏(猪肝)、母鸽子、冬菇、醋。韭菜 苦瓜、猪肝、马兰头、大麦茶、啤酒、香菇、柚子、山楂、人参及西洋参生、巧克力、大量的酒少量的酒是发奶的,如酒酿、甲鱼、燕麦片、火腿、荞麦面、大蒜、 白萝卜、地瓜、玉米等这些都是经常吃的,要少吃点,不顿顿吃应该不会这么容易回奶的。 刺激性的食物也要少吃,如各种辛辣调料,有妈妈喜欢喝羊肉汤的哺乳期间也不要喝了(小孩容易长疹子)。 另外,凉性、酸性、过咸的食物会回奶,尽量少吃哦~ 二:通乳作用的药物有下面几种: 1、冬葵子:下乳滑胎,可治产后乳汁稀少或排乳困难、乳房胀痛。 2、王不留行、穿山甲:妇人服之,乳长流。治乳汁稀少或排乳不畅,可用王不留行煮猪蹄膀,配穿山甲、通草、黄耆等。 3、通草:用于产妇乳汁少,为下乳常用药,常配合王不留行、穿山甲使用,如下乳方。 4、王瓜、土瓜根:通乳药多用之。 11 / 53 5、滑石:通乳滑胎。 6、赤小豆:下胞衣、通乳汁,出自《本草纲目》;煮赤小豆汁饮,可下乳汁,出自《产书方》 中医常用方剂: 1、通乳丹:内含当归、麦冬,可以养血滋阴,猪蹄可以补益通乳,通草也有宣络通乳的作用。 2、涌泉散:王不留行、天花粉、猪蹄、有行气通乳的作用。 3、猪蹄汤:有用猪蹄加花生或猪蹄加通草。 参考方剂:猪蹄、花生、王不留行五钱、穿山甲三钱、当归、川芎、通草各四钱,对于许多产后缺乳的妇女都有很效果。 食谱推荐: 一、炖豆腐猪蹄香菇 此菜含蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钙、磷、铁、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、尼克酸、维生素C等,能益气生血、养筋健骨,通络下乳,行气散结,清热解毒。特别适合妇女产后食用,对于乳汁分泌不足者,具有良好的生乳作用,对于乳络不通,胀乳汁少或乳胀生结,疼痛乳少,乳房微热者,有通络行乳,散结止痛,清热除瘀的作用,能促进乳汁通利,防止乳腺炎的发生。 原料: 豆腐、丝瓜各200克,香菇50克,猪前蹄1个(约1000克左右),盐10克,姜丝、葱段各5克,味精3克。 制作: 1、 净猪蹄去净毛,清水洗净,用刀斩成小块,待用。 2、 把豆腐放入盐水中浸泡10,15分钟,用清水洗净,切成小块。 3、 将丝瓜削去外皮,清水冲洗净,切成薄片。 4、 把香菇先切去老蒂头,清水浸软后,洗净。 5、 将猪蹄置于洗净的锅中,加水约2500克,于炉火上煎煮,煮至肉烂时,放入香菇、豆腐及丝瓜,并加入盐、姜丝、葱段、味精,再煮几分钟后即可离火,分数次食之。 二、葱烧鲫鱼 此菜含有丰富的优质蛋白质和钙、磷等矿物质。鲫鱼温中补虚、健脾利水,小葱发汗,通二便,下乳汁,是乳母的一种营养菜肴。 原料: 鲫鱼400克,小葱125克,酱油30克,精盐2克,白糖、姜、蒜各10克,料酒15克,味精少许,花生油300克(约耗50克)。 制作: 1、鲫鱼去鳞、鳃、内脏,洗净;小葱择洗干净,每三四根打成一个结子,放进鱼腹内。 2、炒锅上火,放入花生油,烧至九成热,放入鲫鱼煎透,捞出沥油。 3、炒锅置火上,放入花生油烧热,下姜末、蒜片,加酱油、料酒、白糖、精盐和适量清水,把鱼放入锅中,用文火炖30分钟,撒入味精,即成。 三、肉丁香干炒青豆 此菜营养丰富,含有较多的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钙、磷、铁、锌及胡萝卜素、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素E、尼克酸等多种营养素,有利下奶。 原料: 猪瘦肉、豆腐干、青豆各50克,胡萝卜100克,植物油15克,酱油10克,甜面酱、白糖各5克,姜片2克。 制作: 1、猪肉洗净,切成小丁;青豆洗净;胡萝卜、豆腐干洗净,均分别切小丁。 2、炒锅上火,放油烧热,下姜片稍煸,再下肉丁,炒至变色,加青豆、胡萝卜丁,炒至快熟时,放豆腐干,加 12 / 53 甜面酱、酱油、白糖,旺火快炒,炒熟即成。 3、旺火快炒菜时,如嫌太干,可略加水炒至熟。 四、沙锅鲫鱼 此菜含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、糖质、多种无机盐和维生素,能促进乳汁的分泌。 原料: 鲜鲫鱼2条(约600克),猪肥膘肉30克,粉条30克,香菜5克,盐、料酒、醋、白糖、葱、姜、味精各适量。 制作: 1、将鲫鱼刮鳞去鳃,取出内脏,洗净,在鱼身两侧斜切成十字花刀,放入沸水锅内烫一下,捞出,控干水。 2、将猪肥膘肉洗净,切成小丁;香菜择洗净,切成末;粉条用温水泡软;葱去皮洗净,切成丝;姜洗净,切丝。 3、洗净沙锅,放入鲫鱼、肥肉丁、粉条,添汤,加盐、料酒、醋、白糖、葱丝、姜丝,盖上盖,将锅置于火上,烧开后撇去浮沫,改用小火炖30分钟,加味精、香菜段即成。 五、鲤鱼通乳汤 鲫鱼历来被民间用作通乳的食物,配以通气上达、下乳汁的通草和补血通乳的猪蹄,具有补中益气、通乳的功效。适于产后乳汁不下、乳少者食用。 原料: 鲫鱼500克,通草20克,猪前蹄200克,料酒10克,精盐3克,味精2克,葱段10克,姜片10克,胡椒粉2克。 制作: 1、将猪蹄弄干净,放沸水锅中焯一下,去掉血水,洗净;通草洗净。 2、将鲫鱼去鳞、鳃、内脏,收拾干净,洗净。 3、锅置火上,放入适量清水,放进猪蹄煮一段时间,加入鲫鱼、通草、料酒、盐、胡椒粉、葱段、姜片,煮至猪蹄、鱼肉熟烂、捞出姜、葱,用味精调味后即成。 4、猪蹄一定要收拾干净,去掉毛,刮洗干净,可先放在清水中浸泡30分钟,去除血水等。 六、三鲜汤 此汤含有丰富的优质蛋白质、多种矿物质及多种维生素,具有滋补、催乳作用。 原料: 水发海参50克,鸡脯肉50克,大虾1个,冬笋10克,油菜心10克,酱油、盐、味精、香油、鸡汤各适量。 制作: 1、将冬笋切成小片;油菜心洗净,用沸水烫一下;海参、鸡脯肉片成小薄片;大虾去掉头、皮、沙线,片成薄片。 2、锅中放鸡汤烧开,加入海参、鸡肉、虾片、冬笋片、油菜心,再加入盐、酱油烧开,撇去浮沫,淋入香油,加上味精即可出锅。 七、猪蹄汤 此汤含有丰富的优质蛋白质、脂肪、钙、磷、铁、锌等矿物质和多种维生素,是产妇下奶佳品。 原料: 猪蹄、猪排骨、鸡骨架共1500克,白菜适量,海米少许,盐、味精、料酒、姜片、葱花、花椒各少许。 制作: 1、 将猪蹄、排骨、鸡骨架用温水洗净,放火锅内,加水烧开,撇去浮沫,放入葱花、姜片、花椒、料酒,用急火连续煮2-3小时,直至汤汁呈乳白色、浓香扑鼻时捞出骨头。 2、 将浸泡好的海米放入汤锅内,把白菜切成小块,也放入锅内,用旺火翻煮,加盐、味精,搅匀即成。 八、木瓜煲鳅鱼汤 13 / 53 此汤含丰富的维生素A、维生素C、蛋白质和矿物质等,具有补虚、通乳的功效。“木瓜煲鳅鱼汤”是我国民间传统的催乳验方,有效的发奶剂,专治妇女产后乳汁缺乏等症。 原料: 木瓜1个,牛鳅鱼2条(约600克),生姜4片,杏仁5克,蜜枣8个,猪油、盐各少许。 制作: 1、 将木瓜刮去外皮,去核,清水洗净,切成厚块。 2、 把牛鳅鱼去鳞、鳃,清除内脏,清水冲洗干净;杏仁、蜜枣分别用清水洗净。 3、 将锅置于火上,下猪油,烧热,放入牛鳅鱼煎香至透,盛出。 4、 将清水适量放入煲内煮沸,放人姜片,牛鳅鱼、杏仁、蜜枣,煲加盖,用文火煲1小时。 5、 把木瓜放入煲中,再煲半小时,加入少许盐调味,便可饮食。 收集整理了一些回奶的食物,没有完全验证过(只试过芹菜,真是回奶超快,比吃下奶东东快多了),所以,但宁可信其有,哺乳妈妈还是注意一些比较好: 麦芽、花椒、大料、味精、豆角、茶叶、山楂、韭菜、马兰头、豆鼓、茴香、人参、老母鸡、动物肝脏(猪肝)、母鸽子、冬菇、醋。 白萝卜、地瓜、玉米等这些都是经常吃的,要少吃点,不顿顿吃应该不会这么容易回奶的。 另外,凉性、酸性、过咸的食物会回奶,尽量少吃哦~ 乳汁本来就不多的妈妈,只要停止哺乳,同时再吃些有回奶作用的食品,乳汁即会逐渐减少直至完全停止。 有的妈妈说,这些食物我都吃,奶水也没看到少嘛~~ 其实这也跟减肥一样,有的人怎么吃都胖有起来,有的人就不能随便吃,一个道理。 对于母乳本身就少的妈妈来说,吃了回奶食物,回奶的效果要比母乳多的妈妈回奶的效果好得多得多。 以上谨代表个人观点,仅供参考。 补充: 哺乳期内和乳汁缺乏时,忌吃辣椒、桂皮、大蒜、花椒、丁香、芥末、烈酒、香烟、咖啡、浓茶等刺激性食品;忌吃各种冰镇冷饮、苦瓜、香蕉、西瓜、生黄瓜、生菜瓜、田螺、螺蛳、柿子、柿饼、梅子、螃蟹等性寒大凉食品。 --摘自《中国传统饮食宜忌全书》 回奶食品 西洋参、 人参、蒲公英、 韭菜、韭黄、白萝卜、豆角、马兰头、胡萝卜;南瓜;香椿;冬菇、菌菇类、茄子、藕、木耳(也有人说发奶),笋、大白菜、味酸的蔬菜如马齿苋、黄瓜、冬瓜、苦瓜、菜瓜 麦芽 、大麦茶、麦芽糖、地瓜、玉米、花椒、大料(茴香)、味精、薄荷、盐、醋、酱油、太多姜、豆豉(就是那种黑色的)、红塘、维生素B6 山楂、桔子、柚子,沙果、石榴、橄榄、梅子,红枣 生冷辛辣的东西 动物肝脏(猪肝)、螃蟹、鸽子、老母鸡、牛肉、火腿、猪心、鸭肉、鱿鱼、黑鱼(嘿嘿,我个人觉得这个发奶的)、海参 啤酒、茶叶、豆浆<放糖的>,霍香正气水、 巧克力, a. 精神愉快,生活规律,注意休息,哺乳时努力放松自己b. 增加营养,尤其多进水,多喝汤,如鸡汤、鱼汤、排骨汤等,营养充分的饮食有利于乳汁的分泌;c. 婴儿在母亲身边,增加哺乳次数,按需哺乳,随饿随哺,最好每隔1 一2小时就哺一次,夜间不要间断哺乳;d. 产妇分娩后在医院休养期间,应抓紧时间在医护人员的指 14 / 53 导下,学会正常的哺乳姿势、哺乳技巧及设法增加泌乳量的知识;可适当选用下列中医中药催奶方法:a . 当归10,15克、王不留行10克,煎服、连服几天;b(豆腐120克。红糖30克,加水一碗,煮熟后再加米酒3 0克内服;c. 针灸催奶,刺膻中、合谷、少商、足三里等穴。 2.1个月至2个月婴儿的母乳喂养: 母乳充足时,每3小时喂奶一次,一天喂7次,上午6、9、12时;下午3、6、9时,夜间12时。每次喂70至150毫升。两次喂奶中间喂温开水45毫升或鲜橙子汁35毫升。水和橙汁可交替喂服。如果孩子睡觉不安静,有饥饿啼哭,在1月后5天内体重没增加150至200克,说明母乳不足,就需添加牛奶,一般是在下午4至6时另加喂一次牛奶,或将下午9时喂母乳改为喂牛奶。这样,夜间12时母乳充足,孩子可吃饱去睡觉。每日浓缩鱼肝油2次,每次1滴。 3.2至3个月婴儿的母乳喂养: 此期喂奶时间可稍延长,每3个半小时喂一次,每日6次:上午6时、9时半;下午1时、4时半、8时、晚11时。每次喂奶75至100毫升。白天在两次喂奶中间加喂鲜番茄汁、鲜橙汁,并与淡盐水、温开水交替喂服。每日加服浓缩鱼肝油2次,每次1滴。如果母乳不足,应补加牛奶,即将下午8时母乳改喂150毫升牛奶。如果婴儿体重每天增加不到20克,还应将早上6时母乳改为牛奶。如果这样5天后体重只增加100克,则应将上午11时半母乳改为牛奶喂养。加了牛奶后,婴儿大便次数增加,颜色发白。如果牛奶煮沸消毒好,大便多不是病。 4.3至4个月婴儿的母乳喂养: 每隔3个半小时喂奶一次,每日6次。时间安排在上午6时、9时半、下午1时、4时半、8时、晚11时半。每次喂奶量90至180毫升。白天在两次喂奶中间交替喂温开水、菜水、鲜蕃茄汁、鲜橙子汁、熟胡萝卜汁。用量每次90毫升。每日喂浓缩鱼肝油2次,每次1滴。若母乳不足,应补授牛奶,孩子吃饱即可。 5.4至5个月婴儿的母乳喂养: 可每4小时喂奶一次,每日5次。时间安排在上午6时、10时,下午2时、6时,晚10时。每次喂110至200毫升。浓缩鱼肝油每日2次,每次2滴。交替喂服温开水、水果汁、菜汁、菜汤等。每次95毫升左右。生长发育正常的孩子这个月吃的香,睡的着。如到吃奶时间还在睡,不必叫醒,可让他多睡一会,不必打乱他的生命规律。如果母亲去公司上班,可将母乳改为上午、中午、晚上各喂母乳一次,其他时间改喂牛奶。如果孩子健康正常,可在喂奶中间喂肉汤、菜泥、水果泥。浓缩鱼肝油每日2次,每次2滴。另喂蛋黄1/6个,全日分次喂服。 5至6个月婴儿的母乳喂养: 从这个月起,婴儿白天睡眠比上月减少,一般上午睡一二小时,下午睡二三小时。夜晚甚至可一觉睡到天明。故应加强白天喂奶。每隔4小时喂奶一次,每日5次。时间安排:上午6时、10时,下午2时、6时,夜间10时。每次奶量120至220毫升。浓缩鱼肝油每日2次,每次2滴。白天交替喂温开水、果汁、菜汤,每次100毫升。如果孩子见父母吃饭时,小手伸出来,嗒嗒嘴巴想吃东西,可以考虑给孩子吃奶以外的食物,如煮烂的米粥、薯泥、鱼肉。可在上午12时,下午6时喂食,或父母吃饭时试喂一点果汁、菜水等交替供给。浓缩鱼肝油每日2次,每次2滴。 7.6至7个月婴儿的母乳喂养: 母乳喂养改为每日4次,上午6时,下午2时、6时,晚10时。上午10时喂粥、菜泥、蒸全蛋。温开水、果汁、菜汁等交替供给,每次110毫升。浓缩鱼肝油每日2次,每次2至3滴。 8.7至8个月婴儿的母乳喂养: 15 / 53 每日喂母乳4次,时间同上个月。果汁、菜汁等每次供给120毫升,浓缩鱼肝油每日2次,每次3滴。另加肝泥、肉泥、核桃仁粥、芝麻粥、牛肉汤、鸡汤。已出牙的孩子可给面包片、饼干等。煮粥时不要大杂烩,应一样一样的制作,让孩子体会不同食物的味道。 9.8至9个月婴儿的母乳喂养: 每日喂母乳3次。时间安排上午6时、下午2时、晚10时。在上午10时及下午6时喂稠粥、菜泥、蒸全蛋、面片。喂服温开水。果汁可改喂鲜番茄及香蕉。还可加喂豆腐脑、面条、点心。浓缩鱼肝油每日2次,每次3滴。 10.9至10个月婴儿的母乳喂养: 每日喂母乳2次。喂辅食除上午10时、下午6时喂一次外,另加下午2时喂一次辅食(稠粥、菜泥、蒸全蛋等)。鱼肝油每日2次,每次3滴。从这个月起,孩子可吃蛋糕、馒头、面包、菜肉粥、清蒸鱼肉、肉松、豆腐脑等。水果可直接让孩子吃。由于吃奶少,有的孩子拒不吃辅食,要吃母乳。这时,父母要坚持开始断奶的准备,夜里不喂奶,坚持要孩子吃辅食,可能孩子哭闹,一般坚持几天就改过来了。 胡翠月还介绍,产妇应多吃蛋白质、有足够的水分和热量、容易消化的食物。对母乳喂养的产妇来说,汤水极为重要,尤其是乳汁分泌不足的产妇,除了提高产妇的喂养信心,学会与婴儿同步睡眠保证产妇休息,指导产妇按 需哺乳,还可通过催奶方法来增加乳汁分泌,如章鱼花生猪脚汤、鱼汤、木瓜汤等。 1) 花生炖猪蹄,这道美容大餐还是下奶良方呢,很多妈妈都试验过,效果不错。这道美食对我来说效果很显著,只要吃了猪蹄汤,一天的奶量会明显增加,就是每天总吃会腻,很腻。做法也非常的简单:原料:花生米200克,猪蹄4只,食盐、生姜、绍酒、葱各适量。做法:将猪蹄拔毛、洗净,刀划口,焯过水后放入砂锅内,加入花生米、食盐、葱、生姜、绍酒、清水适量,置旺火上烧沸,改用小火炖熬猪蹄至熟即成。功效:养血益阴,产后通乳。主治妇女产后乳少,停乳等症。 2) 鲫鱼汤,是下奶的另一个良方。鲫鱼具有消肿、利水、通乳之功效,几乎每个新妈妈都有过喝鱼汤下奶的经历,鲫鱼要清炖,不要加盐或者加少许食盐,多吃鲫鱼汤不但下奶,还不长胖呢。原料:鲫鱼一条、葱5克、姜5克、料酒1茶匙(5ml)、白醋1茶匙(5ml)、青菜50克、香菇3朵、胡椒粉1/2茶匙(3克)。做法:1、鲫鱼一条洗净,葱切末,姜切块;2、香菇片成片,青菜用刀切成段;3、锅中放油,倒入葱姜爆香;4、放入鲫鱼,两边煎好;5、倒入适量的水;6、加入一勺子猪油,和料酒;7、再加入白醋,煮至汤变白;8、最后,放入香菇和青菜熟后,倒入适量的盐和胡椒粉即可出锅。 3) 黄鳝汤,黄鳝非常下奶,对我而言比河鲫鱼汤,鸡汤还要有效果。一定要买野生的黄鳝,放点番茄烧汤,很鲜美,而且很下奶。感兴趣的妈妈们可以尝试一下。材料:黄芪20克、南枣8个、黄鳝500克、猪肉300克、生姜3片。烹制:黄芪、南枣洗净,稍浸泡,并将南枣去核;猪肉洗净,不用刀切;黄鳝宰洗净,放入热水中稍烫捞起,洗去黏液,晾干水,用盐腌15分钟,煎至微黄。一起与生姜放进瓦煲,加水2500毫升(10碗量)。武火煲沸,改文火煲约2小时,调入适量食盐便可。 多喝汤,汤汤水水的自然是很容易帮助出奶,其次要做合格的奶牛,一定要勤劳一点,勤吸奶,有多余的奶也要用吸奶器吸空,这样奶水就会源源不断。还有就是勤按摩,有利于乳汁的产生。另外不要轻易断奶,即使妈妈感冒了,这个两天也可以用吸乳器将奶水吸掉,不给宝宝喝,但不要直接断奶。 16 / 53 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen 17 / 53 party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations 18 / 53 repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth 19 / 53 Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political 20 / 53 Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision 21 / 53 of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and 22 / 53 to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on 23 / 53 a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a 24 / 53 total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > 25 / 53 real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years 26 / 53 implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, 27 / 53 exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should 28 / 53 be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective 29 / 53 convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts 30 / 53 of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application 31 / 53 of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation 32 / 53 made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give 33 / 53 expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental 34 / 53 organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post 35 / 53 processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in 36 / 53 the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in 37 / 53 the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management 38 / 53 of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, 39 / 53 around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one 40 / 53 size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are 41 / 53 relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < 42 / 53 new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform 43 / 53 comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation 44 / 53 of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 45 / 53 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily 46 / 53 blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres 47 / 53 should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection 48 / 53 with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace 49 / 53 with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of 50 / 53 the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline 51 / 53 must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be 52 / 53 held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations. 53 / 53
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