潍坊市2012届高三化学上学期期末考试鲁科版

潍坊市2012届高三化学上学期期末考试鲁科版 A(碳粉在氧气中燃烧 B. C0通入氢氧化钠溶液 2 2012届潍坊高三化学 C. 铁在氯气中燃烧 D(铜和硝酸反应 第?卷(选择题，共40分) 6(下列说法正确的是 注意事项:可能用到的相对原子质量:H l C l2 N 14 O 16 C1 35.5 K 39 Fe 56 Cu 64 A(石油的分馏和煤的于馏都是物理变化 选择题(本题包括16小题，每小题只有一个选项符合题意。 1至8题，每题2分;9至16题， B. 可用饱和碳酸钠溶液除去乙酸乙酯中混有的乙酸 每题3分，共40分) C. 淀粉、纤维素的化学式都可示为(CH0)n，二者互为同分异构体 6l05 1(以节能减排为基础的低碳经济是保持社会可持续发展的战略举措。下列做法违背发展低碳 D(淀粉、油脂和蛋白质都是高分子化合物 经济要求的是 7(设N为阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列叙述正确的是 A A(发展氢能和太阳能 B(举行“地球一小时"熄灯活动 A. 标准状况下，189DO中所含的质子数为10N 2A C(限制塑料制品的使用 D(种植农作物时大量使用化肥和农药 B. 28gN和C0的混合气体中含有的分子数为N 2A2(日常生活中很多问题涉及到化学知识。下列叙述错误的是 C(标准状况下，11.2LO参加反应转移的电子数一定为2 N 2A A(用食醋清洗热水瓶中的水垢 B(用米汤检验碘盐中含有碘酸钾 D. 5.6g铁与足量稀硫酸反应失去电子数为0.3 N A C(用纯碱溶液洗涤餐具上的油污 D(用丁达尔效应区别鸡蛋自溶液和食盐水 8(下列实验操作正确的是 3(下列说法正确的是 A(由同种元素组成的物质一定是纯净物 OB(用pH试纸测得25C时某溶液的pH为4.0 C. BaS0、Ca(OH)、HN0均为强电解质 423 D(室温下向饱和AgCl溶液中加入盐酸，Ksp(AgCl)变大 4. 下列说法正确的是 A(阳离子只有氧化性，阴离子只有还原性 9.下列说法正确的是 B. 失电子难的原子获得电子的能力一定强 A. S0和Cl都能使品红溶液褪色，且加热后均恢复原色 22 C. 得到电子越多的氧化剂，其氧化性就越强 B(Si0是酸性氧化物，能与NaOH溶液反应 23+2+ D(要实现Fe Fe的转化，必须加入氧化剂 C(高温时，CuO比CuO稳定 25(下列反应中，改变反应物的用量或浓度，不会改变反应产物种类的是 D(将铜片放入浓硫酸中，无明显现象，说明铜在冷的浓硫酸中发生钝化 atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit 10(下列离子方程式书写正确的是 +-- A(氯气溶于水:Cl+H0=2H+C1+C10 22 3+-- B(硫酸铝溶液中加入足量氨水:Al+40H=[Al(OH)] 4 2++3+- C(FeS04溶液与稀硝酸反应:3Fe+NO+4H=3Fe+NO +2H0 32 + D(碳酸氢铵和足量氢氧化钠溶液反应:NH+OH-=NH?HO 432 11(下列各组离子能够大量共存的是 15(下列物质的量浓度关系错误的是 3+2+-2-++-- A. pH=0的溶液中:Fe、Mg、Cl、SO ， ‘ A(等物质的量浓度的HA溶液与MOH溶液等体积混合:c(H)+c(M)=c(OH)+c(A) 4 +-13-1+3--2- B. 水电离出的c(H)=1×10mol?L的溶液中:K、HC0、Cl、S B. pH相等的CHCOONa、NaOH和NaC0三种溶液:c(NaOH)cc(HC0)>c(H) 33 A(同周期的IIA族与?A族元素的原子序数一定相差1 16. 某温度下，在一个2L的密闭容器中，加入4molA和2molB进行如下反应: , B(第三周期非金属元素含氧酸的酸性从左到右依次增强 3A(g)+2B(g) 4C(g)+D(g)，反应2min后达到平衡，测得生成l.6molC，下列说法正确的是 -1-1 C. 元素的非金属性越强，其气态氢化物水溶液的酸性越强 A(前2min，D的平均反应速率为0.2mol?L?min。 D(镁、铝、铜、铁、钠五种金属元素中，铜和铁属于过渡元素 B(此时，B的平衡转化率是40, 13(下列说法正确的是 C(增大该体系的压强，平衡不移动，化学平衡常数不变 -l+- A(0.l mol?L的醋酸加水稀释，c(H),c(OH)减小 D. 增加B，平衡向右移动，B的平衡转化率增大 B. 体积相同、pH相同的醋酸和盐酸完全溶解等量的镁粉，后者用时少 + C(向水中加入少量固体硫酸氢钠，c(H)增大，Kw变大 第?卷(非选择题，共60分) D. V17( (4分)下列实验操作或实验所得出的结论正确的是 (填序号)。 LpH=11的NaOH溶液与VLpH=3的HA溶液混合，若混合液显中性，则V?V l212 -l14(将0.4gNaOH和1.06g NaCO混合并配成溶液，向溶液中滴加0.1 mol?L的盐酸。下列图23 A(镀锌层破损后即对镀锌铁(白铁)制品失去保护作用 像能正确表示加入盐酸的体积和生成C0的物质的量的关系的是 2-1 B(制备Fe(OH)胶体时，应向沸水中逐滴加入1 mol?L的FeCl溶液，并继续加热到液体33 呈透明的红褐色为止 C(用托盘天平称取5.85gNaCl，称量时砝码放在右盘，氯化钠放在左盘 3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility -occurred, the direct punishment 0.5ncerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident as co ly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, suchthe job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directs, on 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisionne of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined a fiusing gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, 2000 construction installation engineering-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-nical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB502752009 mecha-atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-ve notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, gi- 2 - D(用灼烧闻气味的方法可以区别合成纤维和羊毛 ?参考(1)中数据，按上述流程操作，需称取Fe粉的质量应不少于 g， E(用新制Cu(OH)悬浊液与病人尿液共热，可检验尿液中是否含有葡萄糖 的物质的量应不少于 mol. 需通入Cl22 181((16分)印刷电路的废腐蚀液含有大量CuCl2、FeCl2和FeCl3，任意排放将导致环境污染及9((13分)安全气囊是行车安全的重要设施。当车辆发生碰撞的瞬间，安全装置通电点火使其资源的浪费，可从该废液中回收铜，并将铁的化合物全部转化为FeCl3溶液，作为腐蚀液原料中的粉末分解释放出大量的氮气形成气囊，从而保护司机及乘客。为研究安全气囊工作的化学 原理，取安全装置中的粉末进行研究。经实验分析，确定该粉末是一种混合物且只含Na、Fe、N、循环使用。 0四种元素。 -1-1-1 (1)测得某废腐蚀液中含CuCl 1.5 mol?L、FeCl3.O mol?L、FeCl 1.0 mol?L、HCl3.0 223-1 (1)氧元素在元素周期表中的位置是 ，Na原子结构示意图为 ，其中三mol?L。取废腐蚀液200mL按如下流程在实验室进行实验: 种主族元素的离子半径从大到小的顺序是 (用离子符号表示) (2)水溶性实验表明，安全气囊中固体粉末部分溶解。不溶物为一种红棕色固体，可溶于盐 酸。已知该不溶物能发生铝热反应，写出反应的化学方程式 。 (3)氮的最高价氧化物对应的水化物与其氢化物反应生成一种盐，该盐晶体中含有的化学键 类型是 ，其水溶液显 性(填“酸”、“碱”或“中”)，原因是 (用离子方程式表示)。 20((l4分)向2L固定容积的密闭容器中加入一定量的NH，H和N三种气体。一定条件下发生322 ,反应2NH N+3H,各物质浓度随时间变化如图1所示。图2为t时刻后改变容器中条件，322回答下列问题: 平衡体系中反应速率随时间变化的情况，且两个阶段各改变一种不同的条件。 ? 废腐蚀液中加入过量铁粉后，发生反应的离子方程式为 。 3+? 检验废腐蚀液中含有Fe的实验操作 是 ; 在上述流程中，“过滤”用到的玻璃仪器有烧杯、玻璃 棒、 。 ?由滤渣得到纯铜，除杂所需试剂是 。 (2)某化学兴趣小组利用下图装置制取氯气并通入到 FeCl溶液中获得FeCl溶液。 23 (1)能证明反应达到平衡状态的是 (填标号，下同)。 ?实验开始前，某同学对实验装置进行了气密性检查， 方法是 。 A(容器内压强不再发生变化 B. N的体积分数不再发生变化 2 ?浓盐酸与二氧化锰反应的化学方程式为 ; C. 容器内气体质量不再发生变化 D. 容器内气体密度不再发生变化 (2)若t烧杯中NaOH溶液的作用是 。 =15 s，则t-t阶段以H浓度变化表示的反应速率为 。 l012 -consequences, the pursuit strative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the admini-onsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 501000, who is directly resp-t penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresthe personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500 ty for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibili-t Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5ng responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevanpondijob in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 acciden nd theave been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work aure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures hxposfor acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun e 2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-pheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231atmos 3 - - 3 - (3)t-t阶段改变的条件为 。 34 (4)上述反应的平衡常数K= (保留两位小数);向容器中再通入1.4molNH、0.8 molH，32平衡 移动(填“向右”、“向左”或“不移动”)。 O-1-1(5)25C时，将a mol?L的氨水与0.1 mol?L的盐酸等体积混合。 -+ ?当溶液中离子浓度关系满足c(NH)