怀孕的时间从末次月经的第一天算起

怀孕的时间从末次月经的第一天算起 怀孕的时间从末次月经的第一天算起，头3个月为早孕期，第二个3个月为孕中期，最后的3个月为孕晚期。 孕期检查的次数为:早孕期1次，中孕期每月1次，晚孕期每月1—2次，最后一个月每周1次。 孕期检查的内容包括询问病史，测量血压和体重，检查胎位，量宫高、腹围，听胎心，做骨盆测量，测血红蛋白及尿蛋白和尿糖等。 对于有特殊情况的孕妇或有条件的地方，还可以通过取血筛查梅毒、常见的宫内感染或某些遗传病。如果结果提示有异常情况，应做进一步检查(如获取胎儿的绒毛组织、羊水或羊水细胞及超声波检查等)或给予必要的治疗。 产科B超定期对孕妇进行B超监护，可以监测羊水量、胎盘位置、胎盘成熟度及胎儿有无畸形等。还能了解胎儿发育与孕周是否相符。一般怀孕第34周做一次产科B超，第37-38周再做一次。 胎心监护胎儿心率受交感神经和副交感神经调节，通过信号描记瞬间的胎心变化所形成的监护图形的曲线，可以了解胎动时、宫缩时胎心的反应，以推测宫内胎儿有无缺氧。正常妊娠从怀孕第37周开始每周做一次胎心监护，如有合并症或并发症，可以从怀孕第28-30周开始做。 妊高实验主要目的有两个:一是对妊娠高血压症进行预测，二是评价胎盘功能。医生通过仪器探测孕妇桡动脉，监测每分钟的动脉血流量，然后准确地测出各种血液参数，如血液黏滞度及微循环变化的过程。根据这些变化，医生可以调整治疗和观察疗效。 胎盘功能监测通过抽取孕妇的耳血，检测孕妇的激素水平是否在正常范围内，可以间接地了解胎盘功能。 何时该到医院进行孕期检查 为了及早确诊妊娠，并及时进行孕期保健，孕期检查应从早孕开始，即3个月以内，而且越早越好。在整个妊娠过程中，进行孕期检查的具体时间是:孕12周(三个月)以内检查一次，以及时识别早孕症状，及早 —28周)每月检查一次，以及时筛选高危妊娠，发现有高危因素应酌情增加检查次开始保健;孕中期(孕13 数，并给予必要的纠正治疗;孕晚期(孕28—36周)每半月检查一次，以及时发现影响正常分娩的各种因素及妊娠期并发症、合并症;孕36周以后至足月妊娠时，每周检查一次，以密切观察孕妇和胎儿的情况，以便更好地为接生做好准备。但如果妊娠过程正常且路途不便者，可酌情减少检查次数。如有异常发现应随时去医院检查。 孕期检查的重要性 精子、卵子来自父母两人不同的个体，他们在母体内相遇、结合，生长发育，最终出世。小生命在顽强生长的过程中，谁能想到中途会发生哪些意料之外的事情，来干扰他们的生存呢,经过每次孕期检查，能及早发现、治疗妊娠合并症，有利于帮助母婴平平安安地走过新生命诞生的第一年的宫内生活，这期间，提供适时、合理、高质量的孕期保健，是医生的职责，更是接受这一服务的“准妈妈”的义务，孕期检查好处多。根据妊娠各阶段不同的变化特点，将妊娠全过程分为早期(12周内)、中期(13,28周)、晚期(28,40周)，医生将在各个时期给予相应的保健指导。 高龄女性怀孕后去做哪些检查 随着年龄增长卵子会发生老化，尤其是在35岁后老化加速，容易受到内外环境中各种因素的影响，形成不正常受精卵。高龄孕妇发生妊高症的比率是年轻孕妇的2-4倍，容易并发流产、死胎、不孕、先兆子痫或子痫、妊娠糖尿病、产前出血等不良结果，生出低体重儿或巨婴的比率也是年轻女性的2-4倍。而且，由于骨盆骨质开始疏松，会阴部弹性下降，分娩时容易因难产使胎儿发生窘迫、缺氧，从而影响他们的智力。更重要的是容易生育出不健康的宝宝。资料明，孕妇年龄每增加5岁，孩子患糖尿病的可能性随之增加25%;还容易生出先天愚型儿，它与孕妇年龄密切相关，发生率在25-29岁的女性中为1/1500，30-34岁时增至1/800，35-39岁增至1/250，40岁以上增至1/100-1/50。 高龄孕妇在怀孕后40-70天，可以去医院做绒毛膜检查，以便及早诊断各种染色体病和先天性代谢病。发现胚胎有病及时做人工流产，避免缺陷儿出生。这项检查对胎儿和孕妇没有什么不良影响。目前，母血筛attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability 查是早期发现先天愚型儿的首选办法。在怀孕8-9周时，最好做一下母血筛查化验，尤其是35岁以上的高龄孕妇。这种检查安全、无创，筛查率可以达到60%-80%。如果怀疑是先天愚型儿，再经羊水诊断便能确诊，准确率可以达到99%。也可在B超协助下怀孕15周前做羊膜腔穿刺，诊断胎儿有无染色体病。羊水穿刺一次成功率可达99%，是一种比较安全并可靠度高的诊断手段。一旦诊断出先天愚型儿，应该马上终止怀孕。 我在11周是检查了乙肝和血液四项(弓型虫巨细胞等等);第二次是17周，做了B超、艾滋、梅毒、甲肝、丙肝、唐筛、血常规、白带、微量元素检查。一切正常。医生让每个月去一次，但是周围好多人都两三个月才去一次。我现在24岁，不是高龄，有必要每月都去吗, 通常准备怀孕的时候就需要开始做孕前检查了，孕前检查包括优生五项、白带常规、妇科B超、血尿常规、乙肝梅毒艾滋病检测及男方的精液常规检查。 怀孕后整个孕期的检查如下: (1)孕3月内:全面系统的体格检查、尿常规、血常规+血型、尿HCG、B超。 2)孕3-7月:测血压体重宫高胎心、血常规尿常规、 ( 孕14-20周:唐氏筛查 孕22-26周:彩超筛查畸形 孕24-28周:糖尿病筛查。 (3)孕7个月以上:测血压体重宫高腹围胎心、 孕30-34周:骨盆测量 孕36周开始每周胎心监护、脐血流观察(有问题可提早至32周) 孕37周开始每周查一次血尿常规 孕37周查B超，临产复查B超。 孕期检查时间表——孕早期 0,5周孕期检查 attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability 如果超过一周月经没来，就有怀孕的可能。确定怀孕，准妈即可马上算出预产期。有妊娠可能性的女性，要注意药物的服用和X光线的照射，事先告知医生已有妊娠的可能性，不可以任意服用市面上所卖的成药。月经比平常来得少，也可作为判别怀孕的可能。若有出血或是茶色分泌物的出现，就要注意，有些人会误以为是下一次月经的来潮。 5,6周孕期检查 通过超声波检查，大致能看到胚囊在子宫内的位置，若仍未看到，则要怀疑是否有子宫外孕的可能。若无阴道出血的情况，仅需看看胚囊着床的位置。若有阴道出血时，通常是“先兆性流产”，这段时间若有一些组织从阴道中掉出来，就要考虑是否真的流产。另外，在孕期5,8周间，还可以看到胚胎数目，以确定是否孕育了双胞胎～ 6,8周孕期检查 可看到胎儿心跳、卵黄囊 准妈妈在孕期6,8周内做超声波检查时，可看到胚胎组织在胚囊内，若能看到胎儿心跳，即代表胎儿目前处于正常状态。此外，在超声波的扫瞄下，还可以看到供给胎儿12周前营养所需的卵黄囊，这可是胎儿自己所带的一个“小便当”啊～若未看到胎儿心跳，准妈妈可以隔上几天或1周，再赴医院做超声波检查。 9—11周孕期检查 做绒毛膜采样若孕妇家族本身有遗传性疾病，可在这个时间段做“绒毛膜采样”。但是，此项检查具有侵入性，常会造成孕妇流产以及胎儿受伤，做之前要仔细听从医生的建议。 12周孕期检查 第1次正式产检 •领取“孕妇健康手册”•做各项基本检查 大多数准妈妈在孕12周左右开始进行第1次产检。由于此时已经进入相对稳定的阶段，一般医院会给妈妈们办理“孕妇健康手册”。 孕期检查时间表——孕中期 attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability 13,16周孕期检查 第二次产检?唐氏症筛检?施行羊膜穿刺;从第二次产检开始，基本检查包括:称体重、量血压、问诊及看宝宝的胎心音等。准妈妈在16周以上，可抽血做唐氏症筛检(但以16,18周最佳)，并看第一次产检的抽血。至于施行羊膜穿刺的周期，原则上是以16,20周开始进行，主要是看胎儿的染色体异常与否。体重每周增加不超过500克最理想。 17,20周孕期检查 第三次产检?详细超音波检查?可看出胎儿性别?首次胎动?假性宫缩的出现;准妈妈在孕期20周做超声波检查，主要是看胎儿外观发育上是否有较大问题。医师会仔细量胎儿的头围、腹围、看大腿骨长度及检视脊柱是否有先天性异常。准妈妈在16周时，已可看出胎儿性别。首次胎动，第1胎约在18,20周出现;第2胎则在16,18周会感觉到。 21,24周孕期检查 第四次产检?妊娠糖尿病筛检;大部分妊娠糖尿病的筛检，是在孕期第24周做。先抽取准妈妈的血液样本，来做一项耐糖试验，不需要禁食。喝下50克的糖水，等1小时后，再进行抽血，当结果出来后，血液指数若在140以下，属正常;指数若为140以上，就要怀疑是否有妊娠糖尿病，需要再回医院做第二次抽血。此次要先空腹8小时后，再进行抽血，然后喝下100克的糖水，1小时后抽1次血，2小时后再抽1次，3小时后再抽1次，总共要抽4次血。只要有2次以上指数高于值的话，即代表准妈妈有妊娠糖尿病。在治疗上，要采取饮食及注射胰岛素来控制，不可口服药物来治疗，以免胎儿畸形。 25,28周孕期检查 第五次产检?乙型肝炎抗原?梅毒血清试验?德国麻疹;此阶段最重要是为准妈妈抽血检查乙型肝炎，如果准妈妈的乙型肝炎两项检验皆呈阳性反应，一定要让小儿科医师知道，才能在准妈妈生下胎儿24小时内，为新生儿注射疫苗，以免让新生儿遭受感染。此外，要再次确认准妈妈前次所做的梅毒反应，是呈阳性还是阴性反应，如此方能在胎儿未出生前，即为准妈妈彻底治疗梅毒。至于德国麻疹方面，准妈妈除了要抽血attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability 检验。在此特别提醒曾注射过德国麻疹疫苗的女性，由于是将活菌注射于体内，所以，最好在注射后3,6个月内不要怀孕，因为可能会对胎儿造成一些不良影响。 孕期检查时间表——怀孕后期 29,32周孕期检查 第6次产检?下肢水肿?子痫前症的发生?预防早产;在孕期28周以后，医师要陆续为准妈妈检查是否有水肿现象。因为准妈妈的子宫，此时已大到一定程度，有可能会压迫到静脉回流，所以，静脉回流不好的孕妇，此阶段较易出现下肢水肿现象。预防水肿的发生，平时可穿着弹性袜，睡觉时将双脚抬高，并以左侧位躺。 33,35周孕期检查 第七次产检?超声波检查?评估胎儿体重;从30周以后，孕妇的产检是每2周检查1次。到了孕期34周时，建议做一次详细的超声波检查，以评估胎儿当时的体重及发育状况，并预估胎儿至足月生产时的重量。一旦发现胎儿体重不足，准妈妈就应多补充一些营养素;若发现胎儿过重，在饮食上就要稍加控制，以免在生产过程中出现难产。 36周孕期检查 第8次产检?为生产事宜做准备?减少性生活次数?注意性爱姿势;从36周开始，准妈妈愈来愈接近生产日期，此时所做的产检，以每周检查1次为原则，并持续监视胎儿的状态。此阶段的准妈妈，可开始准备一些生产用的东西，以免生产当天太过匆忙，变得手忙脚乱。由于此时已属怀孕后期，应减少性生活次数，并注意性爱姿势。 37周孕期检查 第9次检查?注意胎动;由于胎动愈来愈频繁，准妈妈宜随时注意胎儿及自身的情况，以免胎儿提前出生。如果运动量不足，每天可以持续做些产前运动。最后阶段仍要注意体重增加的问题，不可摄取过量的盐分，要持续营养均衡的饮食生活。 attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability 38,42周孕期检查 第10次产检?胎位固定?胎头下来?准备生产?考虑催生;从38周开始，胎位开始固定，胎头已经下来，并卡 在骨盆腔内，此时准妈妈应有随时准备生产的心理。有的准妈妈到了42周以后，仍没有生产迹象，就应考 虑让医师使用催产素。 attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability