[linux查看系统版本]linux查看系统资源

[linux查看系统版本]linux查看系统资源 篇一 : linux查看系统资源 LINUX查看系统资源 1. 查看磁盘 用#df –h这个命令。[,查看信息如下: 其中Size是总共的磁盘大小，这里是19G Used是用了多少 Avail是可用的大小。 2. 查看内存大小 #free –m这个命令即可 Total:内存总大小 Used:已占用内存大小 Free:空闲内存大小 Swap:一般在linux里，swap是物理内存的2倍 3. 查看cpu cat /proc/cpuinfo,显示信息如下，这是cpu一些基本信息 4. 最后用top命令，查看所有状态 Top命令的作用是显示系统当前的进程和其他状况; top是一个动态显示过程,即可以通过用户按键来不断刷新当前状态.如果在前台执行该命令,它将独占前台,直到用户终止该程序为止. 比较准确的说,top命令提供了实时的对系统处理器的状态监视.它将显示系统中CPU最”敏感”的任务列.该命令可以按CPU使用.内存使用和执行时间对任务进行排序;而且该命令的很多特性都可以通过交互式命令或者在个人定制文件中进行设定. 输入#top命令，显示信息如下: 统计信息区 前五行是系统整体的统计信息。 三个数值分别为 1分钟、5分钟、15分钟前到现在的平均值。 第二、三行为进程和CPU的信息。当有多个CPU时，这些内容可能会超过两行。内容如下: Tasks: 107 total 进程总数 2 running 正在运行的进程数 105 sleeping 睡眠的进程数 0 stopped 停止的进程数 0 zombie 僵尸进程数 Cpu: 0.0% us 用户空间占用CPU百分比 0.3% sy 内核空间占用CPU百分比 0.0% ni 用户进程空间内改变过优先级的进程占用CPU百分比 99.7% id 空闲CPU百分比 0.0% wa 等待输入输出的CPU时间百分比 0.0% hi 0.0% si 最后两行为内存信息。内容如下: Mem: 509472k total 物理内存总量 433500k used 使用的物理内存总量 75972k free 空闲内存总量 28548k buffers 用作内核缓存的内存量 Swap: 1048568k total 交换区总量 112k used 使用的交换区总量 1048456k free 空闲交换区总量 186688k cached 缓冲的交换区总量。 内存中的内容被换出到交换区，而后又被换入到内存，但使用过的交换区尚未被覆盖， 该数值即为这些内容已存在于内存中的交换区的大小。 相应的内存再次被换出时可不必再对交换区写入。 进程信息区 统计信息区域的下方显示了各个进程的详细信息。首先来认识一下各列的含义。 序号 列名 含义 a PID 进程id b USER 进程所有者的用户名 c PR 优先级 d NI nice值。,)负值表示高优先级，正值表示低优先级 e VIRT 进程使用的虚拟内存总量，单位kb。VIRT=SWAP+RES f RES 进程使用的、未被换出的物理内存大小，单位kb。RES=CODE+DATA h SHR 共享内存大小，单位kb i S 进程状态。 j %CPU 上次更新到现在的CPU时间占用百分比 k %MEM 进程使用的物理内存百分比 l TIME+ 进程使用的CPU时间总计，单位1/100秒 m COMMAND 命令名/命令行 默认情况下仅显示比较重要的 PID、USER、PR、NI、VIRT、RES、SHR、S、%CPU、%MEM、TIME+、COMMAND 列。这里我只介绍到这，够用了，如有需要，google是你的十万个为什么。谢谢～ 篇二 : 查看linux主机系统的基本信息 查看linux主机系统的基本信息 一、 硬件信息 1. CPU a. Cat /proc/cpuinfo 例: [root@linux victor]# cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 13 model name : Intel Celeron M processor 1.50GHz stepping : 8 cpu MHz : 1500.000 cache size : 1024 KB fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 2 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss tm pbe nx up bts bogomips : 2999.83 clflush size : 64 power management: b. Dmesg | grep –i ‘cpu’ 例: [root@linux victor]# dmesg | grep -i ‘cpu’ Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset Initializing cgroup subsys cpu KERNEL supported cpus: Transmeta TransmetaCPU PAT not supported by CPU. ACPI: SSDT 1bdf645d 001FB SMP: Allowing 1 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs NR_CPUS:32 nr_cpumask_bits:32 nr_cpu_ids:1 nr_node_ids:1 PERCPU: Embedded 15 pages at c1382000, static data 37788 bytes Initializing CPU#0 SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct CPU: L1 I cache: 32K, L1 D cache: 32K CPU: L2 cache: 1024K mce: CPU supports 5 MCE banks CPU0: Thermal monitoring enabled CPU0: Intel Celeron M processor 1.50GHz stepping 08 Brought up 1 CPUs CPU0 attaching NULL sched-domain. ACPI: CPU0 processor LNXCPU:00: registered as cooling_device0 ACPI: Processor [CPU0] Switched to high resolution mode on CPU 0 cpuidle: using governor ladder cpuidle: using governor menu microcode: CPU0 sig=0x6d8, pf=0x20, revision=0x20 p4-clockmod: P4/Xeon CPU On-Demand Clock Modulation available c. Dmidecode -t processor 例: [root@linux victor]# dmidecode -t processor # dmidecode 2.10 SMBIOS version fixup . SMBIOS 2.3 present. Handle 0x0004, DMI type 4, 35 bytes Processor Information Socket Designation: Socket 479M Type: Central Processor Family: Unknown Manufacturer: Intel ID: D8 06 00 00 FF FB E9 AF Version: Intel Celeron M processor Voltage: 3.3 V External Clock: 400 MHz Max Speed: 1500 MHz Current Speed: 1500 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: ZIF Socket L1 Cache Handle: Not Provided L2 Cache Handle: 0x0008 L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided Serial Number: Not Specified Asset Tag: Not Specified Part Number: Not Specified 2. 硬盘 a. fdisk 查看分区信息，能够查看到所有的硬盘分区。 例: [root@linux victor]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 40.0 GB, 40007761920 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4864 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe7e0e7e0 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 1963 15767766 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda2 1964 3011 8418060 83 Linux /dev/sda3 3012 4135 9028530 f W95 Ext’d /dev/sda4 4136 4864 5855692+ 83 Linux /dev/sda5 * 3012 4059 8418028+ 83 Linux /dev/sda6 4060 4135 610438+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris b. df查看大小情况，只能查看到当前已挂载的分区。 例: [root@linux victor]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 8.0G 7.4G 173M 98% / tmpfs 217M 780K 216M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 16G 14G 1.9G 88% /media/disk c. du 查看使用情况，相当于windows的右键属性看大小了。 例: [root@linux victor]# ls Desktop Downloads Pictures Templates workspace Documents Music Public Videos [root@linux victor]# du -h Downloads/ 1.2M Downloads/nmon_x86_12a 139M Downloads/ 3. 内存 a. Cat /proc/meminfo 例: [root@linux victor]# cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 443200 kB MemFree: 9464 kB Buffers: 13736 kB Cached: 194672 kB SwapCached: 2364 kB Active: 156528 kB Inactive: 242948 kB Active: 65480 kB Inactive: 127156 kB Active: 91048 kB Inactive: 115792 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB HighTotal: 0 kB HighFree: 0 kB LowTotal: 443200 kB LowFree: 9464 kB SwapTotal: 610428 kB SwapFree: 566144 kB Dirty: 44 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 189164 kB Mapped: 56164 kB Slab: 18284 kB SReclaimable: 9500 kB SUnreclaim: 8784 kB PageTables: 8840 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 832028 kB Committed_AS: 801028 kB VmallocTotal: 573496 kB VmallocUsed: 1784 kB VmallocChunk: 566444 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 10176 kB DirectMap2M: 446464 kB b. Free –m 能查看到当前内存的使用情况 例: [root@linux victor]# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 432 423 9 0 13 190 -/+ buffers/cache: 220 212 Swap: 596 43 552 c. Vmstat 例: [root@linux victor]# vmstat procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu----- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wast 0 0 44284 8836 14096 194800 1 27 750 100 272 599 12 2 76 10 0 d. Dmidecode | grep –I mem 此命令可以显示详细内存相关信 息 例: [root@linux victor]# dmidecode | grep -i mem Memory Controller Information Maximum Memory Module Size: 512 MB 系统目前内存 Maximum Total Memory Size: 1024 MB 主板最大内存支持 Supported Memory Types: Memory Module Voltage: 3.3 V 内存电压 Associated Memory Slots: 2 机器有两个内存插槽 Memory Module Information Memory Module Information Descriptor 2: Single-bit ECC memory error Descriptor 3: Multi-bit ECC memory error Physical Memory Array Use: System Memory Memory Device Memory Device Memory Device 32-bit Memory Error Information Memory Array Address: Unknown Memory Array Mapped Address Memory Device Mapped Address Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x0014 Memory Device Mapped Address Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x0014 Memory Device Mapped Address Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x0014 64-bit Memory Error Information Memory Array Address: 0x0000000080000000 4. 查看网卡 a. Dmesg |grep -i eth 例: [root@linux victor]# dmesg | grep -i eth eth0: SiS 900 PCI Fast Ethernet at 0x2000, IRQ 19, 00:c0:9f:a5:99:c0 eth0: Media Link On 100mbps full-duplex eth0: no IPv6 routers present b. Cat /etc/sysconfig/hwconf | grep -i eth 例: [root@linux victor]# lspci | grep -i eth 00:04.0 Ethernet controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] SiS900 PCI Fast Ethernet c. Lspci | grep -i eth 5. 查看显卡 a. Lspci | grep -i VGA 例: [root@linux victor]# dmesg | grep -i VGA Console: colour VGA+ 80x25 vgaarb: device added: PCI:0000:01:00.0,decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none vgaarb: loaded b. Dmesg | gerp -i VGA 例: [root@linux victor]# lspci | grep -i VGA 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] 661/741/760 PCI/AGP or 662/761Gx PCIE VGA Display Adapter Dmesg 能够查看机器所有的硬件信息，内容很多，查看的时候 可以这样 dmesg | less 这样可以前后翻页。 Lspci主要用来查看主板信息。 二、 系统信息 1. 查看内核版本 Uname –a 例: [root@linux victor]# uname Linux [root@linux victor]# uname -a Linux linux.victor 2.6.31.5-127.fc12.i686.PAE #1 SMP Sat Nov 7 21:25:57 EST 2009 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux 2. 查看hostname hostname 例: [root@linux victor]# hostname linux.victor [root@linux victor]# hostname novots 这样可以直接更改 hostname [root@linux victor]# hostname novots 3. 查看日前登录账户 W who 例: [root@linux victor]# w 00:53:44 up 41 min, 3 users, load average: 0.05, 0.11, 0.13 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT victor tty1 :0 00:13 ? 1:33 0.09s pam: gdm-passwor victor pts/0 :0 00:13 39:54 0.00s 0.93s kded4 victor pts/1 :0.0 00:18 0.00s 0.15s 0.03s /bin/bash [root@linux victor]# who victor tty1 2010-03-24 00:13 victor pts/0 2010-03-24 00:13 victor pts/1 2010-03-24 00:18 4. 查看历史账户登录信息 Last 例: [root@linux victor]# last victor pts/2 :0.0 Wed Mar 24 00:54 still logged in victor pts/1 :0.0 Wed Mar 24 00:18 still logged in victor pts/0 :0 Wed Mar 24 00:13 still logged in victor tty1 :0 Wed Mar 24 00:13 still logged in reboot system boot 2.6.31.5-127.fc1 Wed Mar 24 00:12 - 00:55 reboot system boot 2.6.31.5-127.fc1 Sat Mar 13 09:54 - 09:54 reboot system boot 2.6.31.5-127.fc1 Tue Feb 16 18:37 - 18:38 victor pts/0 :0 Tue Feb 16 14:02 - down victor tty1 :0 Tue Feb 16 14:01 - down reboot system boot 2.6.31.5-127.fc1 Tue Feb 16 14:01 - 14:40 …………………………………………………………………… ………………内容过多，省略 5. 查看系统运行时间 Uptime 例: [root@linux victor]# uptime 00:56:27 up 43 min, 4 users, load average: 0.20, 0.11, 0.12 6. 查看IP Ifconfig 例: [root@linux victor]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:C0:9F:A5:99:C0 inet addr:192.168.0.102 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::2c0:9fff:fea5:99c0/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:8357 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:5251 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:12377086 TX bytes:374144 Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:46 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:46 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2740 TX bytes:2740 7. 查看进程 Ps –aux 例: [root@linux victor]# ps -aux Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus ‘-’? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.1 2028 512 ? Ss 00:12 0:00 /sbin/init root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S [kthreadd] root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S [migration/0] root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S [ksoftirqd/0] root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S [watchdog/0] root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S [events/0] …………………………………………………………………… ………………内容过多，省略 8. 查看时间与日期 Date cal 例: [root@linux victor]# date Wed Mar 24 00:58:09 CST 2010 [root@linux victor]# cal March 2010 Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 参考: 篇三 : linux下如何查看系统和内核版本 1. 查看内核版本命令: 1) [root@q1test01 ~]# cat /proc/version Linux version 2.6.9-22.ELsmp ) #1 SMP Mon Sep 1918:00:54 EDT 2005 2) [root@q1test01 ~]# uname -a Linux q1test01 2.6.9-22.ELsmp #1 SMP Mon Sep 19 18:00:54 EDT 2005x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 3) [root@q1test01 ~]# uname -r 2.6.9-22.ELsmp 2.查看linux的版本主要有三种: 1) 登录到服务器执行 lsb_release -a ，即可列出所有版本信息，例 如: [root@3.5.5Biz-46 ~]# lsb_release -a LSB Version: 1.3 Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseAS Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 Release: 4 Codename: NahantUpdate1 [root@3.5.5Biz-46 ~]# 这个命令适用于所有的linux，包括Redhat、SuSE、Debian等发行 版。 2) 登录到linux执行cat /etc/redhat-release ，例如如下: [root@3.5.5Biz-46 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 [root@3.5.5Biz-46 ~]# 这种方式下可以直接看到具体的版本号，比如 AS4 Update 1 3)登录到linux执行rpm -q redhat-release ，例如如下 [root@3.5.5Biz-46 ~]# rpm -q redhat-release redhat-release-4AS-2.4 [root@3.5.5Biz-46 ~]# 这种方式下可看到一个所谓的release号，比如上边的例子是2.4 这个release号和实际的版本之间存在一定的对应关系，如下: redhat-release-3AS-1 -> Redhat Enterprise Linux AS3 redhat-release-3AS-7.4 -> Redhat Enterprise Linux AS3 Update 4 redhat-release-4AS-2 -> Redhat Enterprise Linux AS4 redhat-release-4AS-2.4 -> Redhat Enterprise Linux AS4 Update 1 redhat-release-4AS-3 -> Redhat Enterprise Linux AS 4Update 2 redhat-release-4AS-4.1 -> Redhat Enterprise Linux AS4 Update 3 redhat-release-4AS-5.5 -> Redhat Enterprise Linux AS4 Update 4 注意:第两种方法只对Redhat Linux有效篇四 : 查看linux主机系 统的基本信息 查看linux主机系统的基本信息 一、 硬件信息 1. CPU a. Cat /proc/cpuinfo 例: [root@linux victor]# cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 13 model name : Intel Celeron M processor 1.50GHz stepping : 8 cpu MHz : 1500.000 cache size : 1024 KB fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 2 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss tm pbe nx up bts bogomips : 2999.83 clflush size : 64 power management: b. Dmesg | grep –i ‘cpu’ 例: [root@linux victor]# dmesg | grep -i ‘cpu’ Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset Initializing cgroup subsys cpu KERNEL supported cpus: Transmeta TransmetaCPU PAT not supported by CPU. ACPI: SSDT 1bdf645d 001FB SMP: Allowing 1 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs NR_CPUS:32 nr_cpumask_bits:32 nr_cpu_ids:1 nr_node_ids:1 PERCPU: Embedded 15 pages at c1382000, static data 37788 bytes Initializing CPU#0 SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct CPU: L1 I cache: 32K, L1 D cache: 32K CPU: L2 cache: 1024K mce: CPU supports 5 MCE banks CPU0: Thermal monitoring enabled CPU0: Intel Celeron M processor 1.50GHz stepping 08 Brought up 1 CPUs CPU0 attaching NULL sched-domain. ACPI: CPU0 processor LNXCPU:00: registered as cooling_device0 ACPI: Processor [CPU0] Switched to high resolution mode on CPU 0 cpuidle: using governor ladder cpuidle: using governor menu microcode: CPU0 sig=0x6d8, pf=0x20, revision=0x20 p4-clockmod: P4/Xeon CPU On-Demand Clock Modulation available c. Dmidecode -t processor 例: [root@linux victor]# dmidecode -t processor # dmidecode 2.10 SMBIOS version fixup . SMBIOS 2.3 present. Handle 0x0004, DMI type 4, 35 bytes Processor Information Socket Designation: Socket 479M Type: Central Processor Family: Unknown Manufacturer: Intel ID: D8 06 00 00 FF FB E9 AF Version: Intel Celeron M processor Voltage: 3.3 V External Clock: 400 MHz Max Speed: 1500 MHz Current Speed: 1500 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: ZIF Socket L1 Cache Handle: Not Provided L2 Cache Handle: 0x0008 L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided Serial Number: Not Specified Asset Tag: Not Specified Part Number: Not Specified 2. 硬盘 a. fdisk 查看分区信息，能够查看到所有的硬盘分区。[, 例: [root@linux victor]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 40.0 GB, 40007761920 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4864 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe7e0e7e0 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 1963 15767766 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda2 1964 3011 8418060 83 Linux /dev/sda3 3012 4135 9028530 f W95 Ext’d /dev/sda4 4136 4864 5855692+ 83 Linux /dev/sda5 * 3012 4059 8418028+ 83 Linux /dev/sda6 4060 4135 610438+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris b. df查看大小情况，只能查看到当前已挂载的分区。 例: [root@linux victor]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 8.0G 7.4G 173M 98% / tmpfs 217M 780K 216M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 16G 14G 1.9G 88% /media/disk c. du 查看使用情况，相当于windows的右键属性看大小了。 例: [root@linux victor]# ls Desktop Downloads Pictures Templates workspace Documents Music Public Videos [root@linux victor]# du -h Downloads/ 1.2M Downloads/nmon_x86_12a 139M Downloads/ 3. 内存 a. Cat /proc/meminfo 例: [root@linux victor]# cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 443200 kB MemFree: 9464 kB Buffers: 13736 kB Cached: 194672 kB SwapCached: 2364 kB Active: 156528 kB Inactive: 242948 kB Active: 65480 kB Inactive: 127156 kB Active: 91048 kB Inactive: 115792 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB HighTotal: 0 kB HighFree: 0 kB LowTotal: 443200 kB LowFree: 9464 kB SwapTotal: 610428 kB SwapFree: 566144 kB Dirty: 44 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 189164 kB Mapped: 56164 kB Slab: 18284 kB SReclaimable: 9500 kB SUnreclaim: 8784 kB PageTables: 8840 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 832028 kB Committed_AS: 801028 kB VmallocTotal: 573496 kB VmallocUsed: 1784 kB VmallocChunk: 566444 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 10176 kB DirectMap2M: 446464 kB b. Free –m 能查看到当前内存的使用情况 例: [root@linux victor]# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 432 423 9 0 13 190 -/+ buffers/cache: 220 212 Swap: 596 43 552 c. Vmstat 例: [root@linux victor]# vmstat procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu----- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wast 0 0 44284 8836 14096 194800 1 27 750 100 272 599 12 2 76 10 0 d. Dmidecode | grep –I mem 此命令可以显示详细内存相关信 息 例: [root@linux victor]# dmidecode | grep -i mem Memory Controller Information Maximum Memory Module Size: 512 MB 系统目前内存 Maximum Total Memory Size: 1024 MB 主板最大内存支持 Supported Memory Types: Memory Module Voltage: 3.3 V 内存电压 Associated Memory Slots: 2 机器有两个内存插槽 Memory Module Information Memory Module Information Descriptor 2: Single-bit ECC memory error Descriptor 3: Multi-bit ECC memory error Physical Memory Array Use: System Memory Memory Device Memory Device Memory Device 32-bit Memory Error Information Memory Array Address: Unknown Memory Array Mapped Address Memory Device Mapped Address Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x0014 Memory Device Mapped Address Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x0014 Memory Device Mapped Address Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x0014 64-bit Memory Error Information Memory Array Address: 0x0000000080000000 4. 查看网卡 a. Dmesg |grep -i eth 例: [root@linux victor]# dmesg | grep -i eth eth0: SiS 900 PCI Fast Ethernet at 0x2000, IRQ 19, 00:c0:9f:a5:99:c0 eth0: Media Link On 100mbps full-duplex eth0: no IPv6 routers present b. Cat /etc/sysconfig/hwconf | grep -i eth 例: [root@linux victor]# lspci | grep -i eth 00:04.0 Ethernet controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] SiS900 PCI Fast Ethernet c. Lspci | grep -i eth 5. 查看显卡 a. Lspci | grep -i VGA 例: [root@linux victor]# dmesg | grep -i VGA Console: colour VGA+ 80x25 vgaarb: device added: PCI:0000:01:00.0,decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none vgaarb: loaded b. Dmesg | gerp -i VGA 例: [root@linux victor]# lspci | grep -i VGA 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] 661/741/760 PCI/AGP or 662/761Gx PCIE VGA Display Adapter Dmesg 能够查看机器所有的硬件信息，内容很多，查看的时候 可以这样 dmesg | less 这样可以前后翻页。[] Lspci主要用来查看主板信息。 二、 系统信息 1. 查看内核版本 Uname –a 例: [root@linux victor]# uname Linux [root@linux victor]# uname -a Linux linux.victor 2.6.31.5-127.fc12.i686.PAE #1 SMP Sat Nov 7 21:25:57 EST 2009 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux 2. 查看hostname hostname 例: [root@linux victor]# hostname linux.victor [root@linux victor]# hostname novots 这样可以直接更改 hostname [root@linux victor]# hostname novots 3. 查看日前登录账户 W who 例: [root@linux victor]# w 00:53:44 up 41 min, 3 users, load average: 0.05, 0.11, 0.13 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT victor tty1 :0 00:13 ? 1:33 0.09s pam: gdm-passwor victor pts/0 :0 00:13 39:54 0.00s 0.93s kded4 victor pts/1 :0.0 00:18 0.00s 0.15s 0.03s /bin/bash [root@linux victor]# who victor tty1 2010-03-24 00:13 victor pts/0 2010-03-24 00:13 victor pts/1 2010-03-24 00:18 4. 查看历史账户登录信息 Last 例: [root@linux victor]# last victor pts/2 :0.0 Wed Mar 24 00:54 still logged in victor pts/1 :0.0 Wed Mar 24 00:18 still logged in victor pts/0 :0 Wed Mar 24 00:13 still logged in victor tty1 :0 Wed Mar 24 00:13 still logged in reboot system boot 2.6.31.5-127.fc1 Wed Mar 24 00:12 - 00:55 reboot system boot 2.6.31.5-127.fc1 Sat Mar 13 09:54 - 09:54 reboot system boot 2.6.31.5-127.fc1 Tue Feb 16 18:37 - 18:38 victor pts/0 :0 Tue Feb 16 14:02 - down victor tty1 :0 Tue Feb 16 14:01 - down reboot system boot 2.6.31.5-127.fc1 Tue Feb 16 14:01 - 14:40 …………………………………………………………………… ………………内容过多，省略 5. 查看系统运行时间 Uptime 例: [root@linux victor]# uptime 00:56:27 up 43 min, 4 users, load average: 0.20, 0.11, 0.12 6. 查看IP Ifconfig 例: [root@linux victor]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:C0:9F:A5:99:C0 inet addr:192.168.0.102 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::2c0:9fff:fea5:99c0/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:8357 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:5251 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:12377086 TX bytes:374144 Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:46 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:46 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2740 TX bytes:2740 7. 查看进程 Ps –aux 例: [root@linux victor]# ps -aux Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus ‘-’? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.1 2028 512 ? Ss 00:12 0:00 /sbin/init root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S [kthreadd] root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S [migration/0] root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S [ksoftirqd/0] root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S [watchdog/0] root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S [events/0] ……………………………………………………………………………………内容过多，省略 8. 查看时间与日期 Date cal 例: [root@linux victor]# date Wed Mar 24 00:58:09 CST 2010 [root@linux victor]# cal March 2010 Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 参考: