英语字母组合发音规律

英语字母组合发音规律 英语字母组合发音规律(元音篇) 一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake a 在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese e 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite i 在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim 在开音节中 [?u] those close go whole home envelope o 在闭音节中 [?] clock not box shop sock 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday u 在闭音节中 [?] bus cup jump much lunch 注:开音节结构:元音，辅音，不发音的e;闭音节结构:元音，辅音 在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如:June blue ruler super 二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 [?] China another woman breakfast a [i] orange comrade village cabbage [?] hundred student open moment e [i] chicken pocket begin children [?]/[i] holiday beautiful family animal i [ai] exercise satellite [?] second tonight somebody welcome o [?u] also zero photo [?] autumn difficult u [ju(:)] popular congratulation January 注:动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如:operate u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如:July influence February issue 三、元音字母的其他发音规律 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a在[w]音后面 [?] want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father th前 i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前 [?u] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 [?] come monkey love mother 四、元音+ r的发音规律 元音字组 读 音 例 词 ar [α:] car farm dark sharpener ar在[w]音后面 [?:] warm quarter towards or [?:] forty morning short or在[w]音后面 [?:] word worker worse er ir ur [?:] certainly bird Thursday 注:辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音 节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry berry mirror sorry hurry -r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[ ]音，例如:dollar Saturday comfort 元音字组 读 音 例 词 are [ε?] care dare hare ere [i?] here mere ire [ai?] fire hire wire ore [?:] more score before ure [ju?] pure cure 注:完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[?]音，例如:picture pleasure 五、元音与其它字母组合的发音规律 元音字组 读 音 例 词 ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play air [ε?] air hair chair pair repair [?:] small ball talk wall all al [?:l] always also salt almost al在f m前 [α:] half calm au/aw [?:] autumn daughter draw [i:] teach easy cheap please ea [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great [i?] hear dear near clear year ear [ε?] bear pear wear swear [?:] earth learn early ee [i:] jeep week green three eer [i?] pioneer deer beer ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they [ju:] new few newspaper eu/ew 在 j l r 后 [u:] flew brew jewelry ie/[s]音后拼写为ei [i:] piece field receive seize oa [?u] coat Joan boat goal oar/oor [?:] roar board door floor oi/oy [?i] noise point boy toilet [u:] broom food tooth school oo [u] book look cook foot good [au] flower house count down ou/ow [?u] know row throw though [?] young country enough [u:] group you soup through [?:] course your four our [au? ] our hour ours [?:] journey [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition ui ui 在j l r s后 [u:] juice fruit suit 六、试试看下面这些单词怎么读 1. conspicuous 6. tedious 11. apprehensive 2. herbicide 7. compensate 12. rectify 3. matriculate 8. sophomore 13. embalm 4. rapture 9. intern 14. agitation 5. stenographer 10. skyscraper 15. blurt 附:部分辅音字母的读音 1. b[b] bike bus bag 7. gu- -gue [/] bomb tomb gu在非重读音节中 2. c在e前或在i/y前 [g] guess league dialogue [k] cake picture coat music [gw] language anguish [s] face decide cinema 8. h[h] hot head house hand 3. ch[t?] much chick rich teacher [/] hour honest [k] school headache chemistry 9. j [d?] jeep jar joke join July [?] machine 10. kn-[n] knife know knock 4. -dge[d?] bridge fridge 11. ph 5. g在e i/y前 [f] elephant photo telephone [g] bag garden go 12. q [k] Iraq [d?] orange large German 13. qu - [kw] quality quite 6. gh[f] cough enough [/] light daughter high 附:动词和形容词的部分变化规律 1(加ing的情况 一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加 -ing. 1)以不发音的-e 结尾的动词，去-e ，再加-ing。 E.g. coming taking firing encircling writing becoming breathing leaving 2)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ing. E.g. sitting running getting cutting stopping beginning planning permitting 3)以y结尾的动词-ing形式没什么特殊的变化,直接加ing E.g. studying trying flying 2(加ed的情况 1)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed。 例如:stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 2)单个元音字母+单个辅音r的重读音节动词，双写r再加ed。 E.g. refer—referred occur—occurred prefer—preferred 思考:interrupt water 的过去式是什么, 3(以e结尾的形容词变副词时，一般有以下三种情况: 1)一般情况下，直接在后面加ly,如:completely，strangely，rudely等; 2)以-ble结尾的形容词，去掉e再加ly，如:possibly，probably等; 3)其他形容词去掉e，加ly的特殊例子:true—truly, whole—wholly 等。