高中生的学习方法

高中生的学习方法 高中生学习方法 学生进人高中后，学习就登上了一个新台阶。新的教材、新的教学，在学生面前摆下一道道难关。有的学生在初中时学得蛮不错，学习成绩很好，可是到高中后，却很不适应，听不懂，学不会，成绩甚至出现不及格，高挂红灯。 为什么呢,就是因为没有根据高中学习的特点而学习。 一、高中学习的特点 1、高中教材的特点 (1)知识量增大 学科门类，高中与初中差不多，但高中的知识量比初中的大。如初中物理力学的知识点约60个，而高中力学知识点增为90个。 (2)理论性增强 这是最主要的特点。初中教材有些只要求初步了解，只作定性研究，而高中则要求深人理解，作定量研究，教材的抽象性和概括性大大加强。如初中代数侧重于解方程、运算，而高中代数一开始就是相当抽象的集合、映射。初中政治讲的是法律学这类联系事实的，高中则要求学习经济学，马克思理论这样哲学性的东西，比较之下更为抽象。 (3)系统性增强 高中教材由于理论性增强，常以某些基础理论为纲，根据一定的逻辑，把基本概念、基本原理、基本方法联结起来。构成一个完整的知识体系。前后知识的关联是其一个表现。另外，知识结构的形成是另一个表现，因此高中教材知识结构化明显升级。 (4)综合性增强 学科间知识相互渗透，相互为用，加深了学习难度。如计算物理题，要具备数学的函数，解方程等知识技能。 (5)能力要求提高 在阅读能力、写作能力、运算能力、实验能力需要进一步的提高与培养。 2、对高中生智力发展的要求 智力一般认为包括观察力、记忆力、思维能力和想象力，这就要求高中学生智力方面有41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party 相应发展。 (1)在观察事物时，要更富目的性，会更加全面和深刻，能区别出主要的和次要的，必然和偶然的现象;不仅要有静态的观察，还要有动态的观察;不仅有定性的研究，还要有定量的分析。 (2)要求记忆以逻辑识记为本，力求在理解基础上抓住教材内在联系，进行记忆。 (3)运用概念、判断、推理来进行逻辑思维。同时要独立思考问题，研究问题。 (4)想象力要较大发展。把抽象问题具体化，形象化，如从平面几何到高中立体几何的学习，就需要发展空间想象力。 二、高中学习的方法 爱因斯坦有个成功的公式:A,X，Y，Z。A代表成功，X代表艰苦劳动，Y代表正确方法，Z代表少说废话。这个公式指明事业成功的三要素。对于学业来说，成功也有三要素:学习成功,心理素质十学习方法十智能素质 1、提高学习心理的素质 (1)学习的动机。学习需要动机。由于学生的个人需要而产生的学习内驱力很重要。有人有旺盛的求知欲，对学习有浓厚的兴趣，正是如此，如升学、就业、兴趣、爱好、荣誉、地位、求知欲、事业、前途等都是。我们要努力强化学习的动机，如树立远大理想;参加各种竞赛，挑战强者，激起学习欲望;看到自己学习成果而受鼓励，从而增强自信，经受挫折，要有不甘失败和屈辱的精神。 (2)学习的兴趣。浓厚的学习兴趣与效率有密切关系，可以从好奇心和求知欲中激发学习兴趣。如物理的实验，化学的变化等，容易引起人的好奇和求知;培养对各门功课的兴趣。往往是刻苦学习后，才发现知识的奥秘和用途，才提高学习成绩，所以一定要钻进“书海”去;把知识应用于实践，激发兴趣，用自己所学的知识分析解决出问题时，那种成功感易激发学习兴趣。 41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party (3)学习的情感、意志和态度。将积极的情感同学习联系起来，防止消极情绪的滋生，可以促进学习。善于控制自己，是学习意志力培养的关键。控制和约束自己的行动，控制不需要的想法和情绪，可以使思想集中到学习上来，这点是尤为重要的。 2、掌握科学的学习方法。 (1)预习 在测览教材的总体内容后再细读，充分发挥自己的自学能力，理清哪些内容已经了解，哪些内容有疑问或是看不明白(即找重点、难点)分别标出并记下来。 这样既提高了自学能力，又为听课“铺”平了道路，形成期待老师解析的心理定势;这种需求心理定势必将调动起我们的学习热情和高度集中的注意力。 (2)听课 听老师讲课是获取知识的最佳捷径，老师传授的是经过历史验证的真理;是老师长期学习和教学实践的精华。因为提高课堂效率是尤为重要的，那么课堂效率如何提高呢,a、做好课前准备。精神上的准备十分重要。保持课内精力旺盛，头脑清醒，是学好知识的前提条件。 b、集中注意力。思想开小差会分心等一切都要靠理智强制自己专心听讲，靠意志来排除干扰。c、认真观察、积极思考。不要做一个被动的信息接受者，要充分调动自己的积极性，紧跟老师讲课的思路，对老师的讲解积极思考。结论由学生自己的观察分析和推理而得，会比先听现成结论的学习效果好。 d、充分理解、掌握方法。 e、抓住老师讲课的重点。有的同学在听课，往往忽视老师讲课的开头和结尾，这是错误的，开头，往往寥寥数语(但却是全堂讲课的纲。只要抓住这个纲去听课，下面的内容才会眉目清楚。结尾的话虽也不多，但却是对一 节课精要的提炼和复习提示。同时还要注意老师反复强调的部分。 f、做好课堂笔记。笔记记忆法，是强化记忆的最佳方法之一。笔记，一份永恒的笔录，可以克服大脑记忆方面的限制。俗语说，好记忆不如烂笔头，因此为了充分理解和消化，必须记笔记。同时做笔记充分调动耳、眼、手、心等器官协同工作可帮助学习。 41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party g、注意和老师的交流，目光交流，提问式交流，都可以促进学习。 (3)作业的方法 作业是提高思维能力，复习掌握知识，提高解题速度的途径。通过审题，分析问题，解决问题可以达到巩固检验自己的目的。当然在分析问题时，可有几条思路，如顺推法、逆推法、双向法、辅助法、排除法等，另外作业是千万不可COpy的，那样毫无意义。不理解的也要及时弄明白。 (4)复习的方法 德国教育学家第斯多惠说:“必须时常回复到所学的东西上而加以复习„„ 牢固地记住所学会的东西，这比贪学新东西而又很快忘掉好得多。”因此往往考前的“临时抱佛脚”是不起作用的。复习在于平时，如何复习, a、课后回忆，即在听课基础上把所学内容回忆一遍。 b、精读教材。对教材理解的越透，掌握得越牢，效率也就自然提高了。 c、整理笔记。 d、看参考书。这是补充课外知识的好方法。 e、补缺补漏，系统掌握知识结构。 f、循环复习。将甲复习完后复习乙，在复习完乙后对甲再进行一次复习，然后前进„„这种循环复习利于记忆。 总的来说，科学的学习方法可用如下此歌谣来概括:课前要预习，听课易人脑。温故才知新，歧义见分晓。自学新内容，要把重点找。问题列出来，听课有目标。听课要专心，努力排干扰。扼要做笔记，动脑多思考。课后须复习，回忆第一条。看书要深思，消化细咀嚼。重视做作业，切勿照搬抄。编织知识网，简洁又明了。 3、发展智力，提高能力。 (1)发展观察力。观察是掌握知识，搞好学习的重要环节，也是成才的必要条件。聪明，即耳聪目明，接听力强，视力强，实指观察力强，掌握科学的观察方法，要a、明确的目的和周密的计划山、灵活应用各种观察法，如重复观察、比较观察、定期观察、与思考相41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party 结合的观察等。 (2)提高记忆能力。一切智慧的根源都在于记忆。记忆的原理是随时间变化的，在学习后的几天内遗忘的速度非常的快。但过了一星期后遗忘速度便趋缓了。因此记忆的关键便在最容易遗忘的那几天里巩固复习。选择最佳的时间段进行记忆，由于每个人的情况不同而无法作一个绝对的定论。但是掌握好时间安排是提高记忆能力永远不变的真理。为了同遗忘作斗争，正确安排复习时间便是选择最佳学习时间段了。 a、及时复习。把识记过的材料再拿来识记，使之巩固。其生理基础是对暂时神经联系不断强化，使它的痕迹进一步巩固。由于遗忘是先快后慢的，因此复习必须及时，要在遗忘尚未大规模开始前进行。 b、在时间和量上合理安排复习。实验证明:相对集中一段时间学习同一内容，记忆效果好。但也要适当分散，因为复习时间过于集中容易发生干扰;过于分散容易发生遗忘。 c、交替地分配时间学习也可以提高记忆。科学实验证明:用相等频率的电脉冲刺激脑神经细胞，反应敏捷，可是一旦反复刺激时间过长，神经细胞的反应便消失了。休息一段时间后，反应得以恢复。人的记忆也是如此。法国科学家居里夫人就曾说过:“我同时读几种书，因为专研究一种东西会使我的宝贵的头脑疲倦。”因此我们必须“分配交替”地进行记忆。 d、另外，采用各种记忆方式也有效果。如特征记忆;歌决记忆;形象记忆;比较记忆;联想记忆等。 (3)发展思维能力。 a、学好基础知识，练好基本功; b、提高语言表达能力; c、掌握思维的基本方法; d、提高自己的思维品质(不断学习); 41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party e、养成良好的思考习惯。 (4)发展想象能力。 a、学习丰富的知识和经验; b、学习诗文作画; c、开拓思路，研究假设; d、学好立几发挥空间想象力; e、参与创造活动。 (5)培养自学能力，用自己的头脑亲自获得知识。 同时在学习方法培养之时，要发挥创造才能。这是时代和未来的要求。发展创造性思维，鼓励多样性和个性，有利于学习的创新、科技与发展。 总之，优化心理素质，就是在高中学习中攻克难点的信心与勇气;掌握科学的学习方法就是运筹正确的战略技术;提高智力能力，就是改良攻关武器，三者是不可或缺的。 倘若就我们的学习喻作航船，勤奋则是轮船的马达;正确的学习方法便是轮船的方向盘与航线、让我们驾上这艘希冀之船在知识的海洋中园游，让船儿载着我们驶向美好吧～ 41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party